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1
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Solar radiation-assisted one-pot synthesis of 3-alkylated indoles under catalyst-free conditions. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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2
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Baruah B, Deb ML. Catalyst-free and additive-free reactions enabling C-C bond formation: a journey towards a sustainable future. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1191-1229. [PMID: 33480947 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02149k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the catalyst- and additive-free C-C bond forming reactions reported mostly from the year 2005 to date. C-C bond forming reactions are highly important as large and complex organic molecules can be derived from simpler ones via these reactions. On the other hand, catalyst- and additive-free reactions are economical, environmentally friendly and less sensitive to air/moisture, allow easy separation of products and are operationally simple. Hence, a large number of research articles have been published in this area. Though a few reviews are available on the catalyst-free organic reactions, most of them were published a few years ago. The current review excludes catalysts as well as additives and is specific to only C-C bond formation. Besides many organic name reactions, catalyst/additive-free C-H functionalizations, coupling reactions and UV-visible-light-promoted reactions are also discussed. Undoubtedly, the contents of this review will motivate readers to do more novel work in this area which will accelerate the journey towards a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Baruah
- Department of Chemistry, Pandu College, Guwahati-12, Assam, India
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3
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Mondal D, Kalar PL, Kori S, Gayen S, Das K. Recent Developments on Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Through Green Approaches and Their Pharmaceutical Applications. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999201111203812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Indole moiety is often found in different classes of pharmaceutically active molecules
having various biological activities including anticancer, anti-viral, anti-psychotic, antihypertensive,
anti-migraine, anti-arthritis and analgesic activities. Due to enormous applications
of indole derivatives in pharmaceutical chemistry, a number of conventional synthetic
methods as well as green methodology have been developed for their synthesis. Green methodology
has many advantages including high yields, short reaction time, and inexpensive
reagents, highly efficient and environmentally benign over conventional methods. Currently,
the researchers in academia as well as in pharmaceutical industries have been developing
various methods for the chemical synthesis of indole based compounds via green approaches
to overcome the drawbacks of conventional methods. This review reflects the last ten years
developments of the various greener methods for the synthesis of indole derivatives by using microwave, ionic liquids,
water, ultrasound, nanocatalyst, green catalyst, multicomponent reaction and solvent-free reactions etc. (please
see the scheme below). Furthermore, the applications of green chemistry towards developments of indole containing
pharmaceuticals and their biological studies have been represented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipayan Mondal
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
| | - Pankaj Lal Kalar
- Advanced Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
| | - Shivam Kori
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
| | - Shovanlal Gayen
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
| | - Kalpataru Das
- Advanced Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
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4
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Abonia R, Gutiérrez LF, Insuasty B, Quiroga J, Laali KK, Zhao C, Borosky GL, Horwitz SM, Bunge SD. Catalyst-free assembly of giant tris(heteroaryl)methanes: synthesis of novel pharmacophoric triads and model sterically crowded tris(heteroaryl/aryl)methyl cation salts. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:642-654. [PMID: 30931006 PMCID: PMC6423583 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of giant tris(heteroaryl)methanes are easily assembled by one-pot three-component synthesis by simple reflux in ethanol without catalyst or additives. Diversely substituted indoles (Ar1) react with quinoline aldehydes, quinolone aldehydes, chromone aldehydes, and fluorene aldehydes (Ar2CHO) and coumarins (Ar3) in 1:1:1 ratio to form the corresponding tris(heteroaryl)methanes (Ar1Ar2Ar3)CH along with (Ar1Ar1Ar2)CH triads. A series of new 2:1 triads were also synthesized by coupling substituted indoles with Ar2CHO. The coupling reactions could also be carried out in water (at circa 80 °C) but with chemoselectivity favoring (Ar1Ar1Ar2)CH over (Ar1Ar2Ar3)CH. The molecular structure of a representative (Ar1Ar2Ar3)CH triad was confirmed by X-ray analysis. Model tris(heteroaryl/aryl)methylium salts were generated by reaction with DDQ/HPF6 and studied by NMR and by DFT and GIAO-DFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Abonia
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds (GICH), Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A. A. 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - Luisa F Gutiérrez
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds (GICH), Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A. A. 25360, Cali, Colombia
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Braulio Insuasty
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds (GICH), Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A. A. 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jairo Quiroga
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds (GICH), Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A. A. 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - Kenneth K Laali
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Chunqing Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Gabriela L Borosky
- INFIQC, CONICET and Departamento de Química Teórica y Computacional, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Samantha M Horwitz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Scott D Bunge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
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Abdou MM, El-Saeed RA, Bondock S. Recent advances in 4-hydroxycoumarin chemistry. Part 1: Synthesis and reactions. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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6
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Kardooni R, Kiasat AR. Bifunctional PEG/NH 2 silica-coated magnetic nanocomposite: An efficient and recoverable core–shell-structured catalyst for one pot multicomponent synthesis of 3-alkylated indoles via Yonemitsu-type condensation. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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7
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Lv C, An Y, Lv Y, Yu S, Ruan H. Water Assisted and Choline Chloride-Dimethylurea Deep Eutectic Salts as Catalyst towards the Attractive Reaction of Indole, Benzaldehyde, and Malononitrile. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lashgari N, Mohammadi Ziarani G, Moradi R, Zandiyeh M. 4-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyrone: A Versatile Synthon in the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Scaffolds via Multicomponent Reactions. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-17-872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Xiao BX, Yan RJ, Gao XY, Du W, Chen YC. Asymmetric Benzylic Functionalizations of 3-Vinyl Benzofurans via Cascade Formal Trienamine–Vinylogous Iminium Ion Activation. Org Lett 2017; 19:4652-4655. [PMID: 28825488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Xian Xiao
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ru-Jie Yan
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin-Yue Gao
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Du
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College
of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
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Shaily S, Kumar A, Kumar S, Ahmed N. ‘Naked-eye’ colorimetric/fluorimetric detection of F− ions by biologically active 3-((1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one derivatives. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24597h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved synthetic protocol has been developed to construct highly functionalized heterologous alkyl and benzyl indolyl-coumarin derivatives using a rapid, catalyst-free and solvent-free one-pot three-component reaction of indole, aldehyde and 4-hydroxy-coumarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaily Shaily
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Roorkee-247667
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- D. B. S. (P. G.) College
- Dehradun-248001
- India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Naseem Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Roorkee-247667
- India
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11
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Brahmachari G. Design of Organic Transformations at Ambient Conditions: Our Sincere Efforts to the Cause of Green Chemistry Practice. CHEM REC 2015; 16:98-123. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Brahmachari
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (Central University); Santiniketan 731 235 West Bengal India
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12
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Mousavizadeh F, Hekmatshoar R, Beheshtiha SYS, Rahnamafar R. Highly Selective One-Pot Coupling Reaction of Indole, Aromatic Aldehydes, and 4-hydroxycoumarin Using Copper Octoate as a Homogeneous Catalyst. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2013.862723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnoush Mousavizadeh
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Alzahra University , Vanak , Tehran , Iran
| | - Rahim Hekmatshoar
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Alzahra University , Vanak , Tehran , Iran
| | | | - Reyhaneh Rahnamafar
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Alzahra University , Vanak , Tehran , Iran
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13
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Brahmachari G, Das S. l-Proline catalyzed multicomponent one-pot synthesis of gem-diheteroarylmethane derivatives using facile grinding operation under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44568b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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14
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15
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Mohammadi Ziarani G, Hajiabbasi P. Recent Application of 4-Hydroxycoumarin in Multi-Component Reactions. HETEROCYCLES 2013. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-13-768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Li M, Gu Y. Reversible Alkylation of Dimedone with Aldehyde: A Neglected Way for Maximizing Selectivity of Three‐Component Reactions of Dimedone and an Aldehyde. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Li
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China, Fax: (086)‐(0)27‐8754‐4532
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China, Fax: (086)‐(0)27‐8754‐4532
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Shiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Minassi A, Cicione L, Koeberle A, Bauer J, Laufer S, Werz O, Appendino G. A Multicomponent Carba-Betti Strategy to Alkylidene Heterodimers - Total Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Arzanol. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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19
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Three-component tandem reaction involving acid chlorides, terminal alkynes, and ethyl 2-amino-1H-indole-3-carboxylates: synthesis of highly diversified pyrimido[1,2-a]indoles via sequential Sonogashira and [3+3] cyclocondensation reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Sharma SK, Mandadapu AK, Kumar B, Kundu B. Synthesis of Iodo-Indoloazepinones in an Iodine-Mediated Three-Component Domino Reaction via a Regioselective 7-endo-dig Iodo-Cyclization PathwayCDRI Communication No. 8094. J Org Chem 2011; 76:6798-805. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201228t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir K. Sharma
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated Analytical and Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Anil K. Mandadapu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated Analytical and Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated Analytical and Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated Analytical and Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
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Sharma SK, Mandadapu AK, Saifuddin M, Gupta S, Agarwal PK, Mandwal AK, Gauniyal HM, Kundu B. Three-component reaction involving metal-free heteroannulation of N-Boc-3-amido indole, aryl aldehydes, and aromatic alkynes under microwave conditions: synthesis of highly diversified δ-carbolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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