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Ishaque M, Moosa S, Urban L, Kundu B, Qureshi Z, Spears T, Fletcher PT, Donahue J, Patel SH, Goldstein RB, Finan PH, Liu CC, Elias WJ. Bilateral focused ultrasound medial thalamotomies for trigeminal neuropathic pain: a randomized controlled study. J Neurosurg 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38157521 DOI: 10.3171/2023.10.jns23661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Medial thalamotomy has been shown to benefit patients with neuropathic pain, but widespread adoption of this procedure has been limited by reporting of clinical outcomes in studies without a control group. This study aimed to minimize confounders associated with medial thalamotomy for treating chronic pain by using modern MRI-guided stereotactic lesioning and a rigorous clinical design. METHODS This prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial in 10 patients with trigeminal neuropathic pain used sham procedures as controls. Participants underwent assessments by a pain psychologist and pain management clinician, including use of the following measures: the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS); patient-reported outcome measures; and patient's impression of improvement at baseline, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postprocedure. Patients in the treated group underwent bilateral focused ultrasound (FUS) medial thalamotomy targeting the central lateral nucleus. Patients in the control group underwent sham procedures with energy output disabled. The primary efficacy outcome measure was between-group differences in pain intensity (using the NPRS) at baseline and at 3 months postprocedure. Adverse events were measured for safety and included MRI analysis. Exploratory measures of connectivity and metabolism were analyzed using diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, and PET, respectively. RESULTS There were no serious complications from the FUS procedures. MRI confirmed bilateral medial thalamic ablations. There was no significant improvement in pain intensity from baseline to 3 months, either for patients undergoing FUS medial thalamotomy or for sham controls; and the between-group change in NPRS score as the primary efficacy outcome measure was not significantly different. Patient-reported outcome assessments demonstrated improvement (i.e., a decrease) only in pain interference with enjoyment of life at 3 months. There was a perception of benefit at 1 week, but only for patients treated with FUS and not for the sham cohort. Advanced neuroimaging showed that these medial thalamic lesions altered structural connectivity with the postcentral gyrus and demonstrated a trend toward hypometabolism in the insula and amygdala. CONCLUSIONS This randomized controlled trial of bilateral FUS medial thalamotomy did not reduce the intensity of trigeminal neuropathic pain, although it should be noted that the ability to estimate the magnitude of treatment effects is limited by the small cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bijoy Kundu
- 3Radiology and Medical Imaging
- 4Biomedical Engineering
| | | | - Tyler Spears
- 6Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - P Thomas Fletcher
- 6Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Iker Etchegaray J, Kelley S, Penberthy K, Karvelyte L, Nagasaka Y, Gasperino S, Paul S, Seshadri V, Raymond M, Marco AR, Pinney J, Stremska M, Barron B, Lucas C, Wase N, Fan Y, Unanue E, Kundu B, Burstyn-Cohen T, Perry J, Ambati J, Ravichandran KS. Phagocytosis in the retina promotes local insulin production in the eye. Nat Metab 2023; 5:207-218. [PMID: 36732622 PMCID: PMC10457724 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The retina is highly metabolically active, relying on glucose uptake and aerobic glycolysis. Situated in close contact to photoreceptors, a key function of cells in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is phagocytosis of damaged photoreceptor outer segments (POS). Here we identify RPE as a local source of insulin in the eye that is stimulated by POS phagocytosis. We show that Ins2 messenger RNA and insulin protein are produced by RPE cells and that this production correlates with RPE phagocytosis of POS. Genetic deletion of phagocytic receptors ('loss of function') reduces Ins2, whereas increasing the levels of the phagocytic receptor MerTK ('gain of function') increases Ins2 production in male mice. Contrary to pancreas-derived systemic insulin, RPE-derived local insulin is stimulated during starvation, which also increases RPE phagocytosis. Global or RPE-specific Ins2 gene deletion decreases retinal glucose uptake in starved male mice, dysregulates retinal physiology, causes defects in phototransduction and exacerbates photoreceptor loss in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. Collectively, these data identify RPE cells as a phagocytosis-induced local source of insulin in the retina, with the potential to influence retinal physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Iker Etchegaray
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shannon Kelley
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kristen Penberthy
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Laura Karvelyte
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yosuke Nagasaka
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sofia Gasperino
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Soumen Paul
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Vikram Seshadri
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Raymond
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ana Royo Marco
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jonathan Pinney
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Marta Stremska
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brady Barron
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher Lucas
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nishikant Wase
- Biomolecular Analysis Facility, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emil Unanue
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tal Burstyn-Cohen
- Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Justin Perry
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jayakrishna Ambati
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Ophthalmology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- VIB/UGent Inflammation Research Centre, and Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Simpson SR, Kesterson AE, Wilde JH, Qureshi Z, Kundu B, Simons MP, Neumann KD. Imaging Diverse Pathogenic Bacteria in vivowith [ 18F]fluoromannitol Positron Emission Tomography. J Nucl Med 2022; 64:809-815. [PMID: 36522188 PMCID: PMC10152124 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Infectious disease remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Of growing concern is the rising incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, derived from various selection pressures. Many of these bacterial infections are hospital-acquired and have prompted the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2019 to reclassify several pathogens as urgent threats, its most perilous assignment. Consequently, there is an urgent need to improve the clinical management of bacterial infection, via new methods to specifically identify bacteria and monitor antibiotic efficacy in vivo. In this report, we developed a novel radiopharmaceutical, [18F]fluoromannitol ([18F]FMtl), which we show is specifically accumulated in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria but not in mammalian cells in vitro or in vivo Methods: Clinical isolates of bacteria were serially obtained from wounds of combat service members for all in vitro and in vivo studies. The quantification of bacterial infection in vivo was performed using Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/CT imaging, and infected tissue was excised to confirm radioactivity counts ex vivo These same tissues were used to confirm the presence of bacteria by extracting and correlating radioactive counts with CFU of bacteria. Results: [18F]FMtl was able to differentiate sterile inflammation from S. aureus and E. coli infections in vivo in a murine myositis model using PET imaging. Our study was extended to a laceration wound model infected with A. baumannii, an important pathogen in the nosocomial and battlefield setting. [18F]FMtl PET could rapidly and specifically detect infections caused by A. baumannii and several other important ESKAPE pathogens. Importantly, [18F]FMtl PET was able to monitor therapeutic efficacy of vancomycin against S. aureus in vivo Principal Conclusions: The ease of production of [18F]FMtl is anticipated to facilitate wide radiopharmaceutical dissemination. Furthermore, the broad sensitivity of [18F]FMtl for bacterial infection in vivo suggests that it is an ideal imaging agent for clinical translation to detect and monitor infections and warrants further studies in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spenser R Simpson
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Alexandria E Kesterson
- Combat Wounds Division, Naval Medical Research Center, U.S. Navy, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Justin H Wilde
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Zoraiz Qureshi
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Mark P Simons
- Combat Wounds Division, Naval Medical Research Center, U.S. Navy, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Kiel D Neumann
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee;
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Quigg M, Kundu B. Dynamic FDG-PET demonstration of functional brain abnormalities. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1487-1497. [PMID: 36069052 PMCID: PMC9463948 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography with fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG‐PET) has been used over 3 decades to map patterns of brain glucose metabolism to evaluate normal brain function or demonstrate abnormalities of metabolism in brain disorders. Traditional PET maps patterns of absolute tracer uptake but has demonstrated shortcomings in disorders such as brain neoplasm or focal epilepsy in the ability to resolve normally from pathological tissue. In this review, we describe an alternative process of metabolic mapping, dynamic PET. This new technology quantifies the dynamics of tracer uptake and decays with the goal of improving the functional mapping of the desired metabolic activity in the target organ. We discuss technical implementation and findings of initial pilot studies in brain tumor treatment and epilepsy surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Quigg
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Departments of Radiology & Medical Imaging and Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Kundu B, Caballero D, Abreu CM, Reis RL, Kundu SC. The Tumor Microenvironment: An Introduction to the Development of Microfluidic Devices. Microfluidics and Biosensors in Cancer Research 2022; 1379:115-138. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kundu B, Bastos ARF, Brancato V, Cerqueira MT, Oliveira JM, Correlo VM, Reis RL, Kundu SC. Mechanical Property of Hydrogels and the Presence of Adipose Stem Cells in Tumor Stroma Affect Spheroid Formation in the 3D Osteosarcoma Model. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:14548-14559. [PMID: 30943004 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common metastatic bone cancers, which results in significant morbidity and mortality. Unfolding of effectual therapeutic strategies against osteosarcoma is impeded because of the absence of adequate animal models, which can truly recapitulate disease biology of humans. Tissue engineering provides an opportunity to develop physiologically relevant, reproducible, and tunable in vitro platforms to investigate the interactions of osteosarcoma cells with its microenvironment. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are detected adjacent to osteosarcoma masses and are considered to have protumor effects. Hence, the present study focuses on investigating the role of reactive ASCs in formation of spheroids of osteosarcoma cells (Saos 2) within a three-dimensional (3D) niche, which is created using gellan gum (GG)-silk fibroin. By modifying the blending ratio of GG-silk, the optimum stiffness of the resultant hydrogels such as GG and GG75: S25 is obtained for cancer spheroid formation. This work indicates that the co-existence of cancer and stem cells can form a spheroid, the hallmark of cancer, only in particular microenvironment stiffness. The incorporation of fibrillar silk fibroin within the hydrophilic network of GG in GG75: S25 spongy-like hydrogels closely mimics the stiffness of commercially established cancer biomaterials (e.g., Matrigel, HyStem). The GG75: S25 hydrogel maintains the metabolically active construct for a longer time with elevated expression of osteopontin, osteocalcin, RUNX 2, and bone sialoprotein genes, the biomarkers of osteosarcoma, compared to GG. The GG75: S25 construct also exhibits intense alkaline phosphatase expression in immunohistochemistry compared to GG, indicating itspotentiality to serve as biomimetic niche to model osteosarcoma. Taken together, the GG-silk fibroin-blended spongy-like hydrogel is envisioned as an alternative low-cost platform for 3D cancer modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kundu
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics , University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
| | - A R F Bastos
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics , University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
| | - V Brancato
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics , University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
| | - M T Cerqueira
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics , University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
| | - J M Oliveira
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics , University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine , Headquarters at University of Minho , Avepark , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
| | - V M Correlo
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics , University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine , Headquarters at University of Minho , Avepark , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
| | - R L Reis
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics , University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine , Headquarters at University of Minho , Avepark , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
| | - S C Kundu
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics , University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra , Barco, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga, Guimarães 4805-017 , Portugal
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Kundu B, Eltohamy M, Yadavalli VK, Reis RL, Kim HW. Template mediated protein self-assembly as a valuable tool in regenerative therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:044101. [PMID: 29489458 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aab2fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of natural proteinaceous biopolymers into macro-scale architectures is of great importance in synthetic biology, soft-material science and regenerative therapy. The self-assembly of protein tends to be limited due to anisotropic interactions among protein molecules, poor solubility and stability. Here, we introduce a unique platform to self-immobilize diverse proteins (fibrous and globular, positively and negatively charged, low and high molecular weight) using silicon surfaces with pendant -NH2 groups via a facile one step diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) method. All the experimental proteins (type I collagen, bovine serum albumin and cytochrome C) self-assemble into seaweed-like branched dendritic architectures via classical DLA in the absence of any electrolytes. The notable differences in branching architectures are due to dissimilarities in protein colloidal sub-units, which is typical for each protein type, along with the heterogeneous distribution of surface -NH2 groups. Fractal analysis of assembled structures is used to explain the underlying route of fractal deposition; which concludes how proteins with different functionality can yield similar assembly. Further, the nano-micro-structured surfaces can be used to provide functional topographical cues to study cellular responses, as demonstrated using rat bone marrow stem cells. The results indicate that the immobilization of proteins via DLA does not affect functionality, instead serving as topographical cues to guide cell morphology. This indicates a promising design strategy at the tissue-material interface and is anticipated to guide future surface modifications. A cost-effective standard templating strategy is therefore proposed for fundamental and applied particle aggregation studies, which can be used at multiple length scales for biomaterial design and surface reformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kundu
- 3B´s Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal. Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Republic of Korea
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Narula S, Sharma R, Tewari S, Bala K, Tanwar N, Kundu B, Bhatia A. Carotid artery wall imaging and improved post periodontal surgery cerebral blood flow assessment. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Konar S, Guha R, Kundu B, Nandi S, Ghosh TK, Kundu SC, Konar A, Hazra S. Silk fibroin hydrogel as physical barrier for prevention of post hernia adhesion. Hernia 2016; 21:125-137. [DOI: 10.1007/s10029-016-1484-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Kumar R, Arigela RK, Samala S, Kundu B. Diversity Oriented Synthesis of Indoloazepinobenzimidazole and Benzimidazotriazolobenzodiazepine from N(1)-Alkyne-1,2-diamines. Chemistry 2015; 21:18828-33. [PMID: 26525303 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot protocol for the diversity oriented synthesis of two N-polyheterocycles indoloazepinobenzimidazole and benzimidazotriazolobenzodiazepine from a common N(1)-alkyne-1,2-diamine building block is described. The approach involves sequential formation of benzimidazole through cyclocondensation and oxidation, which is followed by the formation of either an azepine ring (through alkyne activation and 6-endo-dig cyclization, 1,2-migration with ring expansion, and re-aromatization), or diazepine and triazole rings through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 (India).,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110001 (India)
| | - Rajesh K Arigela
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 (India)
| | - Srinivas Samala
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 (India)
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 (India). .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110001 (India).
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Samala S, Singh G, Kumar R, Ampapathi RS, Kundu B. Metal-Free Decarboxylative Cyclization/Ring Expansion: Construction of Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered Heterocycles from 2-Alkynyl Benzaldehydes and Cyclic Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9564-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Samala S, Singh G, Kumar R, Ampapathi RS, Kundu B. Metal-Free Decarboxylative Cyclization/Ring Expansion: Construction of Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered Heterocycles from 2-Alkynyl Benzaldehydes and Cyclic Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Kumar R, Arigela RK, Kundu B. Unprecedented Transformation of a Directing Group Generated In Situ and Its Application in the One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Alkenyl Benzonitriles. Chemistry 2015; 21:11807-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Shameem M, Kumar R, Krishna S, Kumar C, Siddiqi MI, Kundu B, Banerjee D. Synthetic modified pyrrolo[1,4] benzodiazepine molecules demonstrate selective anticancer activity by targeting the human ligase 1 enzyme: An in silico and in vitro mechanistic study. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 237:115-24. [PMID: 26079053 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human DNA ligase1 (hLig1) is the major replicative enzyme in proliferating mammalian cells that join Okazaki fragments of the lagging strand during DNA replication. Interruptions in the process of ligation cause DNA damage to accumulate, resulting in cytotoxicity and cell death. In the present study we demonstrate that pyrrolo[1,4] benzodiazepine (PBD) derivatives exhibit anticancer properties by targeting the nick sealing activity of hLig1 as opposed to the DNA interaction activity known for such compounds. Our in silico and in vitro assays demonstrate the binding of these molecules with amino acid residues present in the DNA binding domain (DBD) of the hLig1 enzyme. Two of these hLig1 inhibitors S010-015 and S010-018 demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against DLD-1 (colon cancer) and HepG2 (hepatic cancer) cells in a dose dependant manner. The molecules also reduced cell viability and colony formation at concentrations of ⩽20μM in DLD-1 and HepG2 cells and induced apoptotic cell death. In yet another significant finding, the molecules reduced the migration of cancer cells in wound healing experiments, indicating their anti-metastatic property. In summary, we report the anticancer activity of PBD derivatives against DLD-1 and HepG2 cells and propose a new molecular target for their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shameem
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Shagun Krishna
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Chandan Kumar
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Siddiqi
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India.
| | - Dibyendu Banerjee
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India.
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Zhang Y, Kundu B, Zhong M, Huang T, Li J, Chordia MD, Chen MH, Pan D, He J, Shi W. PET imaging detection of macrophages with a formyl peptide receptor antagonist. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 42:381-6. [PMID: 25532700 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are a major inflammatory cell type involved in the development and progression of many important chronic inflammatory diseases. We previously found that apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe(-/-)) mice with the C57BL/6 (B6) background develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and accelerated atherosclerosis when fed a Western diet and that there are increased macrophage infiltrations in pancreatic islets and aorta. The formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) is abundantly expressed on the surface of macrophages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of cinnamoyl-F-(D)L-F-(D)L-F (cFLFLF), a natural FPR1 antagonist, to detection of macrophages in the pancreatic islets and aorta. (64)Cu labeled cFLFLF and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) were administered to mice with or without T2DM. Diabetic mice showed an increased (18)FDG uptake in the subcutaneous fat compared with control mice, but pancreatic uptake was minimal for either group. In contrast, diabetic mice exhibited visually noticeable more cFLFLF-(64)Cu retention in pancreas and liver than control mice. The heart and pancreas isolated from diabetic mice contained more macrophages and showed stronger PET signals than those of control mice. Flow cytometry analysis revealed the presence of macrophages but not neutrophils in pancreatic islets. Real-time PCR analysis revealed much higher FPR1 expression in pancreatic islets of diabetic over control mice. Autoradiography and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed abundant FPR1 expression in atherosclerotic lesions. Thus, (64)Cu-labeled cFLFLF peptide is a more effective PET agent for detecting macrophages compared to FDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Min Zhong
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Mahendra D Chordia
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Mei-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Weibin Shi
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908.
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Arigela RK, Kumar R, Joshi T, Mahar R, Kundu B. Ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed C–H activation/C–N bond formation via in situ generated iminophosphorane as the directing group: construction of annulated pyridin-2(1H)-ones. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10105g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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17
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Samala S, Pallavi P, Kumar R, Arigela RK, Singh G, Ampapathi RS, Priya A, Datta S, Patra A, Kundu B. One-Pot Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Pyrido[1,2-a]indole Derivatives through CH/NH Activation: Photophysical Investigations and Application in Cell Imaging. Chemistry 2014; 20:14344-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Arigela RK, Kumar R, Samala S, Gupta S, Kundu B. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Polycyclic Indoles: Brønsted or Lewis Acid Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction for the Synthesis of α-Carbolines and Pyrimidoindoles. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Samala S, Arigela RK, Kant R, Kundu B. Diversity-oriented synthesis of ketoindoloquinoxalines and indolotriazoloquinoxalines from 1-(2-nitroaryl)-2-alkynylindoles. J Org Chem 2014; 79:2491-500. [PMID: 24571484 DOI: 10.1021/jo402783p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot protocol for the diversity-oriented synthesis of two indole-based annulated polyheterocycles, ketoindoloquinoxalines and indolotriazoloquinoxalines, has been described. The salient features of the methodology involves either a metal/O2-catalyzed aminooxygenation or a [3 + 2] cycloaddition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Samala
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division and ‡Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , B.S. 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226001, India
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21
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Arigela RK, Samala S, Mahar R, Shukla SK, Kundu B. Synthesis of Triazolo Isoquinolines and Isochromenes from 2-Alkynylbenzaldehyde via Domino Reactions under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10476-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401929q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bijoy Kundu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
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22
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Gupta S, Koley D, Ravikumar K, Kundu B. Counter Ion Effect in Au/Ag-Catalyzed Chemoselective 6-endo-dig N- and O-Cyclizations of Enyne–Urea System: Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Annulated Indoles. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8624-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4013332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahaj Gupta
- Medicinal and Process
Chemistry
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Dipankar Koley
- Medicinal and Process
Chemistry
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Krishnan Ravikumar
- X-ray Crystallography Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka,
Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal and Process
Chemistry
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
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23
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Samala S, Mandadapu AK, Saifuddin M, Kundu B. Gold-Catalyzed Sequential Alkyne Activation: One-Pot Synthesis of NH-Carbazoles via Cascade Hydroarylation of Alkyne/6-Endo-Dig Carbocyclization Reactions. J Org Chem 2013; 78:6769-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400799b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bijoy Kundu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
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Kundu B, Saifuddin M, Samala S, Krishna D. A Sequential One-Pot Protocol for the Synthesis of Dihydrobenzo[6,7]indolo-[3′,4′:3,4,5]azepino[2,1-a]isoquinolines Using a Gold-Silver Combined Catalyst. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1338424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Mohammad Saifuddin
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Srinivas Samala
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Deevi Krishna
- Sophisticated Analytical and Instrumental Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
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Samala S, Saifuddin M, Mandadapu AK, Kundu B. Three-Component Tandem-Intramolecular Hydroamination Reactions in One Pot Involving Indoles, 2-Aminobenzyl Alcohols, and 2-Alkynylbenzaldehydes: Consecutive 7-endo-trigand Electrophilic 6-endo-digCyclizations. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Dalkilic AS, Kundu B, Wongwises S. An Experimental Investigation of the Reynolds Analogy and its Modifications Applied to Annular Condensation Laminar Flow of R134a in a Vertical Tube. Arab J Sci Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-013-0595-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Arigela RK, Sharma SK, Kumar B, Kundu B. Microwave-assisted three-component domino reaction: Synthesis of indolodiazepinotriazoles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:401-5. [PMID: 23504610 PMCID: PMC3596043 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A microwave-assisted three-component protocol involving N-1 alkylation of 2-alkynylindoles with epichlorohydrin, ring opening of the epoxide with sodium azide, and an intramolecular Huisgen azide-internal alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition domino sequence has been described. The efficacy of the methodology has been demonstrated by treating various 2-alkynylindoles (aromatic/aliphatic) with epichlorohydrin and sodium azide furnishing annulated tetracyclic indolodiazepinotriazoles in satisfactory yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Arigela
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Sudhir K Sharma
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical and Instrumental Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
- Sophisticated Analytical and Instrumental Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
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28
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Agarwal PK, Dathi MD, Saifuddin M, Kundu B. Engineering of indole-based tethered biheterocyclic alkaloid meridianin into β-carboline-derived tetracyclic polyheterocycles via amino functionalization/6-endo cationic π-cyclization. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1901-8. [PMID: 23209529 PMCID: PMC3511029 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A mild, efficient and versatile method has been developed for the construction of a functionalized natural product, meridianin, and its post conversion to pyrimido-β-carboline by cationic π- cyclization. The strategy involves the introduction of an amino group at the C-5 of the pyrimidine ring and utilizing the nucleophilictiy of the C-2 in the indole ring to facilitate cationic π-cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Kumar Agarwal
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow, 226001, India,
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Kundu B, K. Agarwal P, K. Sharma S, Sawant D, K. Mandadapu A, Saifuddin M, Gupta S. Pictet-Spengler Reaction Revisited: Engineering of Tetherd Biheterocycles into Annulated Polyheterocycles. Curr Org Synth 2012. [DOI: 10.2174/157017912801270559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Xiao L, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Xu Y, Kundu B, Chordia MD, Pan D. Synthesis of PECAM-1-specific 64Cu PET imaging agent: evaluation of myocardial infarction caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury in mouse. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4144-7. [PMID: 22578454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A PECAM-1 specific PET imaging agent, PECAM-1-Ab-DOTA-(64)Cu, was synthesized by conjugating the anti-mouse PECAM-1 antibody with 2,2',2",2"'-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and subsequent labeling with (64)Cu. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) was successfully performed in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) induced by an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, indicating the elevated expression of PECAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Radiology, The University of Virginia, 480 Ray C. Hunt Dr., Snyder Bldg, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Arigela RK, Mandadapu AK, Sharma SK, Kumar B, Kundu B. Cascade Intermolecular Michael Addition–Intramolecular Azide/Internal Alkyne 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction in One Pot. Org Lett 2012; 14:1804-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol300399y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K. Arigela
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and Sophisticated Analytical and Instrumental Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Anil K. Mandadapu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and Sophisticated Analytical and Instrumental Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Sudhir K. Sharma
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and Sophisticated Analytical and Instrumental Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and Sophisticated Analytical and Instrumental Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and Sophisticated Analytical and Instrumental Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow-226001, India
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Kundu B. Meet the Guest Editor. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2011. [DOI: 10.2174/138620711797537139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kundu B. Editorial [Hot Topic: High Throughput Technologies in Drug Discovery (Guest Editor: Bijoy Kundu)]. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2011; 14:829. [DOI: 10.2174/138620711797537094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Gupta S, Kumar B, Kundu B. Three-Component Tandem Reaction Involving Acid Chlorides, Terminal Alkynes, and 2-Aminoindole Hydrochlorides: Synthesis of α-Carboline Derivatives in Aqueous Conditions via Regioselective [3 + 3] Cyclocondensation. J Org Chem 2011; 76:10154-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201994v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahaj Gupta
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated and Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated and Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated and Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
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Saifuddin M, Agarwal PK, Kundu B. One-Pot Zn/CuI/TFA-Catalyzed Domino Three-Component–Carbocyclization Reaction Involving Biphenyl-2-carbaldehydes/Alkynes/Piperidine: Allenes-Mediated Construction of Phenanthrenes. J Org Chem 2011; 76:10122-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201942r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saifuddin
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Piyush K. Agarwal
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Gupta S, Agarwal PK, Saifuddin M, Kundu B. Hydro-amination/-amidation of 1,3-diynes with indoles/azoles/amides under modified Ullmann conditions: stereo- and regio-selective synthesis of N-alkenynes via N–H bond activation. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Wood JM, Kundu B, Utter A, Gallagher TA, Voss J, Nair VA, Kuo JS, Field AS, Moritz CH, Meyerand ME, Prabhakaran V. Impact of brain tumor location on morbidity and mortality: a retrospective functional MR imaging study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32:1420-5. [PMID: 21885713 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE fMRI is increasingly used in neurosurgery to preoperatively identify areas of eloquent cortex. Our study evaluated the efficacy of clinical fMRI by analyzing the relationship between the distance from the tumor border to the area of functional activation (LAD) and patient pre- and postoperative morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included patients with diagnosis of primary or metastatic brain tumor who underwent preoperative fMRI-based motor mapping (n=74) and/or language mapping (n=77). The impact of LAD and other variables collected from patient records was analyzed with respect to functional deficits in terms of morbidity (paresis and aphasia) and mortality. RESULTS Significant relationships were found between motor and language LAD and the existence of either pre- or postoperative motor (P < .001) and language deficits (P=.009). Increasing age was associated with motor and language deficits (P=.02 and P=.04 respectively). Right-handedness was related to language deficits (P=.05). Survival analysis revealed that pre- and postoperative deficits, grade, tumor location, and LAD predicted mortality. Motor deficits increased linearly as the distance from the tumor to the primary sensorimotor cortex decreased. Language deficits increased exponentially as the distance from the tumor to the language areas decreased below 1 cm. Postoperative mortality analysis showed an interaction effect between motor or language LAD and mortality predictors (grade and tumor location, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that tumors may affect language and motor function differently depending on tumor LAD. Overall, the data support the use of fMRI as a tool to evaluate patient prognosis and are directly applicable to neurosurgical planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Wood
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53705, USA.
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Sharma SK, Mandadapu AK, Kumar B, Kundu B. Synthesis of Iodo-Indoloazepinones in an Iodine-Mediated Three-Component Domino Reaction via a Regioselective 7-endo-dig Iodo-Cyclization PathwayCDRI Communication No. 8094. J Org Chem 2011; 76:6798-805. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201228t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir K. Sharma
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated Analytical and Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Anil K. Mandadapu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated Analytical and Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated Analytical and Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division and ‡Sophisticated Analytical and Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India
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Mandadapu AK, Sharma SK, Gupta S, Krishna DGV, Kundu B. Unprecedented Cu-catalyzed coupling of internal 1,3-diynes with azides: one-pot tandem cyclizations involving 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and carbocyclization furnishing naphthotriazoles. Org Lett 2011; 13:3162-5. [PMID: 21591629 DOI: 10.1021/ol201092k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot protocol for the synthesis of triazole-annulated polyheterocycles via metal-catalyzed coupling of internal 1,4-disubstituted 1,3-diynes and organic azides has been described. The mechanistic rationale for the reaction suggests tandem cyclizations involving copper-catalyzed cycloaddition and 6-endo carbocyclization reactions. The cascade cyclization leads to an increase in molecular complexity to furnish naphtho[1,2-d]triazoles in satisfactory yields. The generality of the method has been demonstrated by using a series of aromatic/aliphatic azides and symmetrical internal 1,3-diynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Mandadapu
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Kundu B, Sharma S, Mandadapu A, Kumaresan K, Arora A, Gauniyal H. Efficient Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Skeleton 5-7-6 Tricyclic Pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepin-5-one and Its Derivatives via Cationic π-Cyclization¹. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1258277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sathyanarayana P, Varia MC, Prajapati AK, Kundu B, Sastry VSS, Dhara S. Splay-bend elasticity of a nematic liquid crystal with T-shaped molecules. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 82:050701. [PMID: 21230425 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.050701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We measured the splay (K11) and bend (K33) elastic constants in the nematic phase of a liquid crystal with T-shaped molecules. We find that the ratio, K33/K11 ≃1 in the entire nematic range except very close to the nematic to Sm-A (SN) transition. Both K33 and K11 show pretransitional divergence as the SN transition is approached from higher temperature. The ratio, K33/K11 suggests that the length (L) to effective width (D) ratio (i.e., L/D ) is significantly smaller due to the presence of long and flexible lateral group, compared to that of rigid rodlike molecules. It is argued that apart from the extra contribution to the elasticity the long and flexible lateral group also has a significant contribution to the suppression of the splay fluctuations in the onset of smectic short-range fluctuation. The structure of the Sm-A phase is investigated by using small angle x-ray diffraction, and a possible arrangement of the molecules in the Sm-A layer is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sathyanarayana
- School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
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Kundu B, Lemos A, Soundrapandian C, Sen PS, Datta S, Ferreira JMF, Basu D. Development of porous HAp and β-TCP scaffolds by starch consolidation with foaming method and drug-chitosan bilayered scaffold based drug delivery system. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2010; 21:2955-2969. [PMID: 20644982 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-010-4127-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The inability to maintain high concentrations of antibiotic at the site of infection for an extended period of time along with dead space management is still the driving challenge in treatment of osteomyelitis. Porous bioactive ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HAp) and beta-tri calcium phosphate (β-TCP) were some of the alternatives to be used as local drug delivery system. However, high porosity and high interconnectivity of pores in the scaffolds play a pivotal role in the drug release and bone resorption. Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin that has lost its clinical popularity. But has recently been reported to exhibit better bactericidal activity in vitro and reduced probability of resistance development, in combination with sulbactam, a β-lactamase inhibitor. In this article, a novel approach of forming HAp and pure β-TCP based porous scaffolds by applying together starch consolidation with foaming method was used. For the purpose, pure HAp and β-TCP were prepared in the laboratory and after thorough characterization (including XRD, FTIR, particle size distribution, etc.) the powders were used for scaffold fabrication. The ability of these scaffolds to release drugs suitably for osteomyelitis was studied in vitro. The results of the study indicated that HAp exhibited better drug release profile than β-TCP when drug was used alone indicating the high influence of the carrier material. However, this restriction got relaxed when a bilayered scaffold was formed using chitosan along with the drug. SEM studies along with EDAX on the drug-chitosan bilayered scaffold showed closest apposition of this combination to the calcium phosphate surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kundu
- Bioceramics and Coating Division, Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Sharma SK, Mandadapu AK, Saifuddin M, Gupta S, Agarwal PK, Mandwal AK, Gauniyal HM, Kundu B. Three-component reaction involving metal-free heteroannulation of N-Boc-3-amido indole, aryl aldehydes, and aromatic alkynes under microwave conditions: synthesis of highly diversified δ-carbolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bansal S, Gnaneswari D, Mishra P, Kundu B. Structural stability and functional analysis of L-asparaginase from Pyrococcus furiosus. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2010; 75:375-81. [PMID: 20370616 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297910030144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report studies on an L-asparaginase from Pyrococcus furiosus, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Protein stability and enzyme kinetic parameters were determined. The enzyme was found to be thermostable, natively dimeric, and glutaminase-free, with optimum activity at pH 9.0. It showed a K(m) of 12 mM and a substrate inhibition profile above 20 mM L-asparagine. Urea could not induce unfolding and enzyme inactivation; however, with guanidine hydrochloride (GdnCl) a two-state unfolding pattern was observed. Reduced activity and an altered near-UV-CD signal for protein at low GdnCl concentration (1 M) suggested tertiary structural changes at the enzyme active site. A homology three-dimensional model was developed and the structural information was combined with activity and stability data to give functional clues about the asparaginase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bansal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
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Saifuddin M, Agarwal PK, Sharma SK, Mandadapu AK, Gupta S, Harit VK, Kundu B. Water-Accelerated Cationic π-(7-endo) Cyclisation: Application to Indole-Based Peri-Annulated Polyheterocycles. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Nandi SK, Roy S, Mukherjee P, Kundu B, De DK, Basu D. Orthopaedic applications of bone graft & graft substitutes: a review. Indian J Med Res 2010; 132:15-30. [PMID: 20693585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of delayed union, malunion, and nonunion is a challenge to the orthopaedic surgeons in veterinary and human fields. Apart from restoration of alignment and stable fixation, in many cases adjunctive measures such as bone-grafting or use of bone-graft substitutes are of paramount importance. Bone-graft materials usually have one or more components: an osteoconductive matrix, which acts as scaffold to new bone growth; osteoinductive proteins, which support mitogenesis of undifferentiated cells; and osteogenic cells, which are capable of forming bone in the appropriate environment. Autologous bone remains the "gold standard" for stimulating bone repair and regeneration, but its availability may be limited and the procedure to harvest the material is associated with complications. Bone-graft substitutes can either substitute autologous bone graft or expand an existing amount of autologous bone graft. We review the currently available bone graft and graft substitutes for the novel therapeutic approaches in clinical setting of orthopaedic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Nandi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India.
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Kundu B, Pratibha R, Madhusudana NV. Orientational order in liquid crystals exhibited by some binary mixtures of rod-like and bent-core molecules. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2010; 31:145-152. [PMID: 20195691 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2010-10556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of the temperature variations of the optical birefringence in the nematic (N) and partial bilayer SmA (SmA(d)) phases in 4-n-octyloxy 4(')-cyanobiphenyl made of rod-like (R) molecules and five mixtures of this compound with 1,3-phenylene bis[4-(3-methylbenzoyloxy)] 4(')-n-dodecylbiphenyl 4(')-carboxylate, made of bent-core (BC) molecules. The birefringence decreases with the concentration x of the BC molecules but the macroscopic order parameter initially decreases upto 11 mol% of BC molecules and subsequently increases with x. This is attributed to the possible formation of polar clusters of BC molecules. Orientation of BC molecules changes between the N and SmA(d) phases and the birefringence data in the two phases imply that the kink angle of the BC molecules is approximately 90 degrees rather than approximately 110 degrees as obtained from calculations which minimize the energy of the molecule. IR spectroscopic measurements on the mixture with 11 mol% of BC molecules have been used to estimate the molecular order parameter S of the R molecules, and to provide additional support for a relatively small kink angle of BC molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kundu
- Raman Research Institute, C.V. Raman Avenue, 560 080, Bangalore, India
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Sathyanarayana P, Mathew M, Li Q, Sastry VSS, Kundu B, Le KV, Takezoe H, Dhara S. Splay bend elasticity of a bent-core nematic liquid crystal. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 81:010702. [PMID: 20365313 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.010702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We measured the splay (K11) and bend (K33) elastic constants in the nematic phase of a bent-core liquid crystal. In the vicinity of the nematic-isotropic transition temperature K33 is proportional to the square of the order parameter. In the nematic range K11 increases monotonically with decreasing temperature, whereas K33 is practically independent of temperature and is smaller than K11 . K33 exhibits a pretransitional slow divergence toward the transition temperature to the smectic phase and becomes slightly larger than K11. The small K33 is explained on the basis of strong coupling of the bent shape of the molecules with the bend distortion.
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Sharma S, Kundu B. Application of the Modified Pictet−Spengler Cyclization Reaction for the Preparation of an Imidazopyrazine Ring: Synthesis of new Pyrido- and Pyrimido-imidazopyrazines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 11:720-31. [PMID: 19435370 DOI: 10.1021/cc9000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Sharma
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Bijoy Kundu
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
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Locke LW, Chordia MD, Zhang Y, Kundu B, Kennedy D, Landseadel J, Xiao L, Fairchild KD, Berr SS, Linden J, Pan D. A novel neutrophil-specific PET imaging agent: cFLFLFK-PEG-64Cu. J Nucl Med 2009; 50:790-7. [PMID: 19372473 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.108.056127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The synthesis and validation of a new, highly potent (64)Cu-labeled peptide, cFLFLFK-PEG-(64)Cu, that targets the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) on leukocytes is described. The peptide ligand is an antagonist of the FPR, designed not to elicit a chemotactic response resulting in neutropenia. Evidence for the selective binding of this synthesized ligand to neutrophils is provided. PET properties of the compound were evaluated in a mouse model of lung inflammation. METHODS The FPR-specific peptide, cinnamoyl-F-(D)L-F-(D)L-FK (cFLFLF), was sequentially conjugated with a bifunctional polyethylene glycol moiety (PEG, 3.4 kD) and a 2,2',2'',2'''-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetraacetic acid (DOTA) through a lysine (K) spacer and finally labeled with (64)Cu-CuCl(2) to form cFLFLFK-PEG-(64)Cu. The binding affinity and stimulation potency of the ligand toward human neutrophils were assessed in vitro. Blood kinetic and organ biodistribution properties of the peptide were studied in the mouse. Ten male C57BL/6 mice were used in this study; 4 control mice and 6 administered Klebsiella pneumonia. PET/CT scans were performed to assess the localization properties of the labeled peptide in lungs 18 h after tracer administration. Lung standardized uptake values (SUVs) were correlated with lung neutrophil activity as measured by myeloperoxidase assays. Immunohistochemistry was performed to confirm that neutrophils constitute the majority of infiltrating leukocytes in lung tissue 24 h after Klebsiella exposure. RESULTS In vitro binding assays of the compound cFLFLFK-PEG-(64)Cu to the neutrophil FPR yielded a dissociation constant of 17.7 nM. The functional superoxide stimulation assay exhibited negligible agonist activity of the ligand with respect to neutrophil superoxide production. The pegylated peptide ligand exhibited a blood clearance half-life of 55 +/- 8 min. PET 18 h after tracer administration revealed mean lung SUVs and lung myeloperoxidase activities for Klebsiella-infected mice that were 5- and 6-fold higher, respectively, than those for control mice. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed that the cellular infiltrate in lungs of Klebsiella-infected mice was almost exclusively neutrophils at the time of imaging. CONCLUSION This new radiolabeled peptide targeting the FPR binds to neutrophils in vitro and accumulates at sites of inflammation in vivo. This modified peptide may prove to be a useful tool to probe inflammation or injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon W Locke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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