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Gentry BM, Perry R, Laurie T, Beckman EJ, Enick RM, Keith JA. Sugar Acetate-based Low Molecular Weight Organogelators. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Gentry
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Robert Perry
- GE Global Research Center, One Research Circle K-1, 5B2A, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Tyler Laurie
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Eric J. Beckman
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Robert M. Enick
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - John A. Keith
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Huang Y, Li H, Li Z, Zhang Y, Cao W, Wang L, Liu S. Unusual C-I···O Halogen Bonding in Triazole Derivatives: Gelation Solvents at Two Extremes of Polarity and Formation of Superorganogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:311-321. [PMID: 27990822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of halogen bond (XB) on the gelation of a one-component organogel system, a new family of 5-iodo-1H-1,2,3-triazole and 1H-1,2,3-triazole gelators was designed and synthesized. The iodo gelators (1I, 3I) gelled various solvents at low concentrations and formed many superorganogels, whereas the hydrogenous gelators (1H, 3H) showed much poorer gelling performance. An X-ray analysis of the single crystals of two reference compounds (16I, 16H) reveals that the unusual C-I···O XB interaction is responsible for this difference. The results of spectroscopic examinations (XRD, SEM, 1H NMR, and UV) are well consistent with those of single-crystal analyses. Under the guidance of the XB interaction and the weak π-π interaction, 1I and 3I self-assemble to hexagonal columnar aggregations in the gel state, whereas 1H and 3H, driven by CH-π interactions, feature the formation of gels with a lamellar structure. The mechanical property of iodo gels is much better than that of hydrogenous gels under the same concentration. Gels from 1I respond to the stimuli of Hg2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Mg2+ as perchlorate salts, and gels from 1H are selectively responsive to Hg2+ solely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Huimin Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Ziyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Wenwen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Luyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Shuxue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350, PR China
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Xu J, Chen S, Tang G, Wang X. The Synthesis of Amide Dendritic Gelators and its Self-assembly Behavior in MMA. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2011.614860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Griffiths PC, Knight DW, Morgan IR, Ford A, Brown J, Davies B, Heenan RK, King SM, Dalgliesh RM, Tomkinson J, Prescott S, Schweins R, Paul A. Gelation or molecular recognition; is the bis-(α,β-dihydroxy ester)s motif an omnigelator? Beilstein J Org Chem 2010; 6:1079-88. [PMID: 21160568 PMCID: PMC3002023 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.6.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the gelation of liquids by low molecular weight solutes at low concentrations gives an insight into many molecular recognition phenomena and also offers a simple route to modifying the physical properties of the liquid. Bis-(α,β-dihydroxy ester)s are shown here to gel thermoreversibly a wide range of solvents, raising interesting questions as to the mechanism of gelation. At gelator concentrations of 5-50 mg ml⁻¹, gels were successfully formed in acetone, ethanol/water mixtures, toluene, cyclohexane and chloroform (the latter, albeit at a higher gelator concentration). A range of neutron techniques - in particular small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) - have been employed to probe the structure of a selection of these gels. The universality of gelation in a range of solvent types suggests the gelation mechanism is a feature of the bis-(α,β-dihydroxy ester) motif, with SANS demonstrating the presence of regular structures in the 30-40 Å range. A correlation between the apparent rodlike character of the structures formed and the polarity of the solvent is evident. Preliminary spin-echo neutron scattering studies (SESANS) indicated the absence of any larger scale structures. Inelastic neutron spectroscopy (INS) studies demonstrated that the solvent is largely unaffected by gelation, but does reveal insights into the thermal history of the samples. Further neutron studies of this kind (particularly SESANS and INS) are warranted, and it is hoped that this work will stimulate others to pursue this line of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Griffiths
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - David W Knight
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Ian R Morgan
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Amy Ford
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - James Brown
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Ben Davies
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Richard K Heenan
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Research Council, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX U.K
| | - Stephen M King
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Research Council, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX U.K
| | - Robert M Dalgliesh
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Research Council, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX U.K
| | - John Tomkinson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Research Council, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX U.K
| | - Stuart Prescott
- School of Chemistry, Bristol University, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS U.K
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Alison Paul
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
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