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Dashti Y, Errington J. Chemistry and biology of specialized metabolites produced by Actinomadura. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:370-401. [PMID: 38099919 PMCID: PMC10951976 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00047h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2022In recent years rare Actinobacteria have become increasingly recognised as a rich source of novel bioactive metabolites. Actinomadura are Gram-positive bacteria that occupy a wide range of ecological niches. This review highlights about 230 secondary metabolites produced by Actinomadura spp., reported until the end of 2022, including their bioactivities and selected biosynthetic pathways. Notably, the bioactive compounds produced by Actinomadura spp. demonstrate a wide range of activities, including antimicrobial, antitumor and anticoccidial effects, highlighting their potential in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Dashti
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia.
| | - Jeff Errington
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia.
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2
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Romero IE, Postigo A, Bonesi SM. Preparation of Carbazoles Involving 6π-Electrocyclization, Photoredox-, Electrochemical-, and Thermal Cyclization Reactions: Mechanistic Insights. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303229. [PMID: 38032158 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbazole is a heterocyclic motif that can be found in a diverse array of natural and unnatural products displaying a wide range of biological and physiological properties. Furthermore, this heterocycle is part of electronic materials like photoconducting polymers and organic optoelectronic materials owing to its excellent photophysical characteristics. Consequently, the development of synthetic strategies for carbazole scaffolds holds potential significance in biological and material fields. In this regard, a variety of preparation methods has been developed to exploit their efficient and distinct formation of new C-C and C-heteroatom bonds under mild conditions and enabling broad substrate diversity and functional group tolerance. Therefore, this review focuses on the synthesis of a set of carbazole derivatives describing a variety of methodologies that involve direct irradiation, photosensitization, photoredox, electrochemical and thermal cyclization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan E Romero
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 954, Buenos Aires, CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 954, Buenos Aires, CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Sergio M Bonesi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
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Munawar S, Zahoor AF, Mansha A, Bokhari TH, Irfan A. Update on novel synthetic approaches towards the construction of carbazole nuclei: a review. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2929-2946. [PMID: 38239436 PMCID: PMC10794906 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07270c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The carbazole scaffold is a significant entity in organic compounds due to its variety of biological and synthetic applications. Traditionally, carbazole skeletons have been synthesized either via the Grabe-Ullman method, Clemo-Perkin method or Tauber method. With the passage of time, these methods have been modified and explored to accomplish the synthesis of target compounds. These methods include hydroarylations, C-H activations, annulations and cyclization reactions mediated by a variety of catalysts to construct carbazole-based compounds. This brief review article intends to provide recent updates on important methodological developments reported for the synthesis of carbazole nuclei covering 2019-2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Munawar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Hussain Bokhari
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, King Khalid University Abha 61413 P.O. Box 9004 Saudi Arabia
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4
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Total synthesis of the reported structure of bioactive dibenzofuran natural product karnatakafuran B. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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5
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Total syntheses of carbazole alkaloid mukoenine A and pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole alkaloid girinimbine. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Witulski B, Alayrac C. Rhodium-Catalyzed Crossed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition with Ynamides: Key-Strategy for the Concise Total Synthesis of 3-Oxygenated Carbazole Alkaloids. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Nishiyama T, Matsuoka A, Honda R, Kitamura T, Hatae N, Choshi T. Total synthesis of carbazole alkaloid clausamine E. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Raji Reddy C, Subbarao M, Sathish P, Kolgave DH, Donthiri RR. One-Pot Assembly of 3-Hydroxycarbazoles via Uninterrupted Propargylation/Hydroxylative Benzannulation Reactions. Org Lett 2020; 22:689-693. [PMID: 31909623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy for the synthesis of 3-hydroxycarbazoles involving the consecutive propargylation/palladium-catalyzed hydroxylative benzannulation of indole-2-carbonyls with propargylic alcohols has been exploited. This one-pot procedure leads to a wide range of substituted 3-hydroxycarbazoles in high yield with a broad substrate scope. The method was further extended to access furano-carbazole derivatives from dialkynols via tandem annulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Ghaziabad 201 002 , India
| | - Muppidi Subbarao
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Ghaziabad 201 002 , India
| | - Puppala Sathish
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Ghaziabad 201 002 , India
| | - Dattahari H Kolgave
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Ghaziabad 201 002 , India
| | - Ramachandra Reddy Donthiri
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007 , India
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Hieda Y. Total Syntheses of Multi-substituted Carbazole Alkaloids and Phenolic Related Compounds, and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activities. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2017; 137:1255-1263. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.17-00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhzo Hieda
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
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10
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Concise synthesis and antiproliferative activity evaluation of ellipticine quinone and its analogs. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 136:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Nishiyama T, Hatae N, Yoshimura T, Takaki S, Abe T, Ishikura M, Hibino S, Choshi T. Concise synthesis of carbazole-1,4-quinones and evaluation of their antiproliferative activity against HCT-116 and HL-60 cells. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:561-577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Hibino S. Synthetic Studies of Bioactive Heterocyclic Natural Products and Fused Heterocyclic Compounds Based on the Thermal Electrocyclic or Azaelectocyclic Reaction of 6π-Electron or Aza-6π-electron Systems. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2016; 136:607-48. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.15-00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hibino
- Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
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Synthesis, characterization, antiproliferative and molecular docking study of new half sandwich Ir(III), Rh(III) and Ru(II) complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 159:50-61. [PMID: 26918899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The new carbazole N,N' ligand containing [(η(5)-C5Me5)MCl(L)]PF6, (M=Ir (1) and Rh (2)) and [(η(6)-C6H6)RuCl(L)]PF6 (3) (C5Me5=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, L=9-ethyl-N-(pyridine-2-yl methylene)-9H-carbazole-3-amine) complexes has been synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, 2D NMR, melting point analysis, electronic absorption, infrared spectroscopy, HR-Mass spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The crystal structure of the [(η(5)-C5Me5)RhCl(L)]PF6 has been confirmed by single crystal XRD. The anticancer study of the synthesized complexes 1-3 clearly showed a potent inhibitor of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) under in vitro conditions. The inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the complexes 1-3 were determined at low (5, 6 and 8μM) concentration against the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Further cytotoxic, cell cycle and nuclear studies confirmed that the novel half sandwich Ir(III), Rh(III) and Ru(II) complexes could be effective against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell proliferation. Moreover the results indicate that anticancer in vitro activity of complexes 1-3 falls in the order of 1>2>3. A molecular docking study of the complexes 1-3 showed the nature of binding energy, H-bond and hydrophobic interactions with the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) receptor.
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Choshi T, Fujioka H, Hieda Y, Hatae N, Anraku M, Matsuura N, Uemura K, Hibino S, Tomida H, Hori O. Antioxidant Effects of the Hydroxy Groups in the Simple Phenolic Carbazoles. HETEROCYCLES 2016. [DOI: 10.3987/com-15-13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Choshi T, Hibino S, Nishiyama T, Satsuki N, Fujii M, Abe T, Ishikura M. Total Synthesis of Carbazole-1,4-quinone Alkaloid Koeniginequinones A and B Based on a One-Pot Cyclocarbonylation Procedure from 2-Alkenyl-3-iodoiodoindole. HETEROCYCLES 2016. [DOI: 10.3987/com-15-s(t)5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Lim JW, Kim SH, Kim J, Kim JN. Synthesis of Benzo[a]carbazoles from 2-Arylindolesviaa Sequential Propargylation, Propargyl-Allenyl Isomerization, and 6π-Electrocyclization. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Se Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Jimin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Jae Nyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
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17
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Pd(II)-mediated cyclodehydrogenation of formyldiarylamines—total synthesis of natural carbazoles clauraila A, clausenal and 6-methoxymurrayanine. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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NEGISHI EI, XU S. Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of chiral organic compounds of ultra-high purity of >99% ee. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2015; 91:369-93. [PMID: 26460317 PMCID: PMC4729854 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.91.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Shortly after the discovery of Zr-catalyzed carboalumination of alkynes in 1978, we sought expansion of the scope of this reaction so as to develop its alkene version for catalytic asymmetric C-C bond formation, namely the ZACA (Zr-catalyzed asymmetric carboalumination of alkenes). However, this seemingly easy task proved to be quite challenging. The ZACA reaction was finally discovered in 1995 by suppressing three competitive side reactions, i.e., (i) cyclic carbometalation, (ii) β-H transfer hydrometalation, and (iii) alkene polymerization. The ZACA reaction has been used to significantly modernize and improve syntheses of various natural products including deoxypolypropionates and isoprenoids. This review focuses on our recent progress on the development of ZACA-lipase-catalyzed acetylation-transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling processes for highly efficient and enantioselective syntheses of a wide range of chiral organic compounds with ultra-high enantiomeric purities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ei-ichi NEGISHI
- Herbert C. Brown Laboratories of Chemistry, Purdue University, Indiana, U.S.A.
| | - Shiqing XU
- Herbert C. Brown Laboratories of Chemistry, Purdue University, Indiana, U.S.A.
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Synthesis of 1H-benzo[g]indazole derivatives: propargyl–allenyl isomerization and 6π-electrocyclization involving two aromatic π-bonds. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Hieda Y, Anraku M, Choshi T, Tomida H, Fujioka H, Hatae N, Hori O, Hirose J, Hibino S. Antioxidant effects of the highly-substituted carbazole alkaloids and their related carbazoles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3530-3. [PMID: 24928405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant activities of 3-oxygenated and 3,4-dioxygenated carbazole alkaloids and their related carbazoles were comprehensively evaluated. In all assay systems, the 3,8-dihydroxycarbazoles carbazomadurin A (2) and B (3), and their synthetic precursors 2a and 3a exhibited higher antioxidant activities than the 3-monohydroxycarbazoles carazostatin (1), and the synthetic precursors 4a and 4b of carquinostatin A (4). In particular, 2a and 3a exhibited strong scavenging activities due to the reducing ability of formyl group at the C-5 position of carbazoles. The results suggest that these compounds could serve as useful clues for designing and developing novel antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhzo Hieda
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan
| | - Makoto Anraku
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Tominari Choshi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan
| | - Hisao Tomida
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan
| | - Haruto Fujioka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Hatae
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Osamu Hori
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Junzo Hirose
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hibino
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
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Roy J, Mal D. Total Synthesis of Carbazole Alkaloids - Ekeberginine, Harmandianamine A, and Furanoclausamine B. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Hieda Y, Choshi T, Fujioka H, Hibino S. Total Synthesis of the Neuronal Cell-Protecting Carbazole Alkaloids Carbazomadurin A and (S)-(+)-Carbazomadurin B. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Discovery of novel N-substituted carbazoles as neuroprotective agents with potent anti-oxidative activity. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 68:81-8. [PMID: 23973819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbazole moiety is an important scaffold with a variety of biological applications, for example, anti-oxidative stress. Our previous synthesized carbazoles were screened for their neuroprotective properties against two individual oxidative stresses. Some of the new carbazole derivatives were observed with modest to good neuroprotective effects on neuronal cells HT22 against cell injury induced by glutamate or homocysteic acid (HCA). Substituents introduced to the carbazole ring system play crucial roles in their biological activities. In particular, a bulky group favors the neuroprotective activity of the compounds. One of the new compounds, 6, showed the best neuroprotective effects, which might result from its anti-oxidative activity with a GSH-independent mechanism. These findings might provide an alternative strategy for the development of novel carbazole derivatives for the treatment of CNS diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Ishikura M, Abe T, Choshi T, Hibino S. Simple indole alkaloids and those with a non-rearranged monoterpenoid unit. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:694-752. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np20118j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Schmidt AW, Reddy KR, Knölker HJ. Occurrence, Biogenesis, and Synthesis of Biologically Active Carbazole Alkaloids. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3193-328. [PMID: 22480243 DOI: 10.1021/cr200447s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 899] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kethiri R. Reddy
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Yin B, Zeng G, Cai C, Ji F, Huang L, Li Z, Jiang H. Facile Synthesis of 3a,6a-Dihydro-furo[2,3-b]furans and Polysubstituted Furans Involving Dearomatization of Furan Ring via Electrocyclic Ring-Closure. Org Lett 2012; 14:616-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol203232m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biaolin Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Guohui Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Congbi Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Fanghua Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Li Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Zhengrong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
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Ishihara Y, Azuma S, Choshi T, Kohno K, Ono K, Tsutsumi H, Ishizu T, Hibino S. Total synthesis of benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids based on a microwave-assisted electrocyclic reaction of the aza 6π-electron system and structural revision of broussonpapyrine. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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Russel JS, Pelkey ET, Greger JG. Five-Membered Ring Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-096805-6.00006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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31
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Hibino S, Choshi T. Synthetic Studies on Nitrogen-Containing Fused-Heterocyclic Compounds Based on Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions of 6π-Electron and Aza 6π-Electron Systems. HETEROCYCLES 2011. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-10-691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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