1
|
Gil-Ordóñez M, Maestro A, Andrés JM. Access to Spiropyrazolone-butenolides through NHC-Catalyzed [3 + 2]-Asymmetric Annulation of 3-Bromoenals and 1 H-Pyrazol-4,5-diones. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37167601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of spirocyclic pyrazolin-5-ones by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis has been less studied so far. For this reason and considering the interest of this class of compounds, here, we present the NHC-catalyzed [3 + 2]-asymmetric annulation of β-bromoenals and 1H-pyrazol-4,5-diones that achieves to produce chiral spiropyrazolone-butenolides. The synthesis is general for aryl and heteroaryl β-bromo-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and 1,3-disubstituted pyrazolones. The spirobutenolides have been obtained in good yields (up to 88%) and enantioselectivities (up to 97:3 er). This constitutes the first described example using pyrazoldiones as the starting materials for this class of spiro compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gil-Ordóñez
- GIR-SintACat-Instituto Universitario CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alicia Maestro
- GIR-SintACat-Instituto Universitario CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José M Andrés
- GIR-SintACat-Instituto Universitario CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gil-Ordóñez M, Maestro A, Ortega P, Jambrina PG, Andrés JM. NHC-catalysed [3 + 2]-asymmetric annulation between pyrazolin-4,5-diones and enals: synthesis of novel spirocyclic pyrazolone γ-butyrolactones and computational study of mechanism and stereoselectivity. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01462e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present the first asymmetric synthesis of spiropyrazolone γ-butyrolactones from 1H-pyrazol-4,5-diones and enals by an NHC-catalysed [3 + 2] annulation. DFT calculations carried out predict the experimental configuration of final adducts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gil-Ordóñez
- GIR-SintACat-Instituto Universitario CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alicia Maestro
- GIR-SintACat-Instituto Universitario CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Ortega
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo G. Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José M. Andrés
- GIR-SintACat-Instituto Universitario CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao J, Zhao P, Qiao Y, Li H. Mechanistic insights into N
-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed N
-acylation of N
-sulfonylcarboxamides with aldehydes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Gao
- College of Enology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
- Department of Cooking Food; Henan Polytechnic; Zhengzhou China
| | - Pengtao Zhao
- College of Enology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Enology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma D, Song Y, Fu C, Zhang F, Guo Y, Huang X, Ma S. E-Selective N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed reaction of aldehydes and butadienoates: effect of water and chloroform as the proton shuttle. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00579f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed reaction of aldehydes and butadienoates affording (E)-4-oxo-2-butenoates highly stereoselectively has been developed. Some key intermediates have been detected by an MS study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| | - Yulong Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- P. R. China
| | - Yinlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| | - Shengming Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bortolini O, Chiappe C, Fogagnolo M, Massi A, Pomelli CS. Formation, Oxidation, and Fate of the Breslow Intermediate in the N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2016; 82:302-312. [PMID: 27966944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction paths and intermediate structures related to the formation of the Breslow intermediate and its oxidation along the oxidative/oxygenative lanes have been studied from a mechanistic point of view, with the support of gas-phase and computational studies. The results confirm the occurrence of a single-electron transfer from the Breslow intermediate to the molecular oxygen with formation of a radical couple that recombines either as a peroxide anion 7' to afford the aldehyde-to-carboxylic acid product or as a hydroperoxy derivative 7″ that evolved into an electrophilic acyl azolium, opening to the aldehyde-to-ester conversion. Steric factors enter into determining the different reactivity. All of the intermediates of both catalytic paths have been observed and characterized under mass spectrometric conditions. In particular, for the imidazoline catalyst, the (+)ESI-MS/(MS) detection of the genuine Breslow intermediate was made possible in virtue of its limited reactivity. Mechanistic aspects of the N-heterocyclic carbenes catalyzed aerobic oxidation of aldehydes shares important similarities with that one of the recently revisited benzoin condensation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bortolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara , Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cinzia Chiappe
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Fogagnolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara , Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara , Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Qiao Y, Chen X, Wei D, Chang J. Insights into the Competing Mechanisms and Origin of Enantioselectivity for N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Reaction of Aldehyde with Enamide. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38200. [PMID: 27905524 PMCID: PMC5131292 DOI: 10.1038/srep38200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroacylation reactions and aza-benzoin reactions have attracted considerable attention from experimental chemists. Recently, Wang et al. reported an interesting reaction of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed addition of aldehyde to enamide, in which both hydroacylation and aza-benzoin reactions may be involved. Thus, understanding the competing relationship between them is of great interest. Now, density functional theory (DFT) investigation was performed to elucidate this issue. Our results reveal that enamide can tautomerize to its imine isomer with the assistance of HCO3-. The addition of NHC to aldehydes formed Breslow intermediate, which can go through cross-coupling with enamide via hydroacylation reaction or its imine isomer via aza-benzoin reaction. The aza-benzoin reaction requires relatively lower free energy barrier than the hydroacylation reaction. The more polar characteristic of C=N group in the imine isomers, and the more advantageous stereoelectronic effect in the carbon-carbon bond forming transition states in aza-benzoin pathway were identified to determine that the imine isomer can react with the Breslow intermediate more easily. Furthermore, the origin of enantioselectivities for the reaction was explored and reasonably explained by structural analyses on key transition states. The work should provide valuable insights for rational design of switchable NHC-catalyzed hydroacylation and aza-benzoin reactions with high stereoselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xinhuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Donghui Wei
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pareek M, Sunoj RB. Cooperative Asymmetric Catalysis by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Brønsted Acid in γ-Lactam Formation: Insights into Mechanism and Stereoselectivity. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pareek
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ajitha MJ, Huang KW, Kwak J, Kim HJ, Chang S, Jung Y. A potential role of a substrate as a base for the deprotonation pathway in Rh-catalysed C–H amination of heteroarenes: DFT insights. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:7980-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00686h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
DFT studies suggest that basic substrates assist the C–H activation step in Rh-catalysed reactions and transport protons towards the protodemetallation step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manjaly J. Ajitha
- Graduate School of EEWS
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 305-701
- Korea
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaesung Kwak
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
- Daejeon 305-701
- Korea
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
- Daejeon 305-701
- Korea
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
- Daejeon 305-701
- Korea
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Yousung Jung
- Graduate School of EEWS
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 305-701
- Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Langdon SM, Legault CY, Gravel M. Origin of Chemoselectivity in N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Cross-Benzoin Reactions: DFT and Experimental Insights. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3597-610. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Langdon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Claude Y. Legault
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Michel Gravel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schumacher M, Goldfuss B. Quantifying N-heterocyclic carbenes as umpolung catalysts in the benzoin reaction: balance between nucleophilicity and electrophilicity. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00413f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Different types of N-heterocyclic carbenes, i.e. normal, reduced heteroatom stabilized, remote and abnormal carbenes, are computationally assessed (THF-CPCM-B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d)) in the benzoin reaction to study their characteristics as umpolung catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernd Goldfuss
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cologne
- 50939 Köln
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|