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Somprasong S, Castiñeira Reis M, Harutyunyan SR. Grignard Reagent Addition to Pyridinium Salts: A Catalytic Approach to Chiral 1,4-Dihydropyridines. ACS Catal 2024; 14:13030-13039. [PMID: 39263543 PMCID: PMC11385375 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c03520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Catalytic dearomatization of pyridinium salts is a powerful technique for constructing chiral N-heterocycles, which are crucial in alkaloid natural products and drugs. Despite its potential, progress in metal-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatization of pyridinium derivatives has been limited. Here, we present the enantioselective 1,4-dearomatization of pyridinium salts using Grignard reagents and chiral copper catalysis. This approach yields enantioenriched functionalized 1,4-dihydropyridines. Experimental kinetic isotope effects and density functional theory calculations provide insights into the reaction mechanism, regio- and enantioselectivity, and the rate-limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriphong Somprasong
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Castiñeira Reis
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, C/ Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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2
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Steiger SA, Li C, Oliver AG, Natale NR. Synthesis, crystal structures, and Hirshfeld analysis of three hexa-hydro-quinoline derivatives. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2022; 78:1089-1096. [PMID: 36380902 PMCID: PMC9638977 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989022009495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Three hexa-hydro-quinoline derivatives were synthesized and crystallized in an effort to study the structure-activity relationships of these calcium-channel antagonists. The derivatives are ethyl 4-(2-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexa-hydro-quinoline-3-carboxyl-ate, C22H27NO4, (I), ethyl 4-(4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexa-hydro-quinoline-3-carb-ox-yl-ate, C22H27NO4, (II), and ethyl 4-(3,4-di-hydroxy-phen-yl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexa-hydro-quinoline-3-carboxyl-ate, C21H24NO5, (III). In these hexa-hydro-quinoline derivatives, common structural features such as a flat-boat conformation of the 1,4-di-hydro-pyridine (1,4-DHP) ring, an envelope conformation of the fused cyclo-hexa-none ring, and a substituted phenyl group at the pseudo-axial position are retained. Hydrogen bonds are the main contributors to the packing of the mol-ecules in these crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Steiger
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Ithaca College, 953 Danby Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Allen G. Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Nicholas R. Natale
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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3
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Sharma D, Kumar M, Kumar S, Basu A, Bhattacherjee D, Chaudhary A, Das P. Application of Cyclohexane‐1,3‐diones in the Synthesis of Six‐Membered Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharminder Sharma
- Department of Chemistry Jagdish Chandra DAV College Dasuya Punjab 144205 India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Govt. College Seraj at Lambathach 175048 HP Mandi India
- Chemical Technology Department CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur 176061, HP India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry DAV University Jalandhar 144012 Punjab India
- Chemical Technology Department CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur 176061, HP India
| | - Amartya Basu
- Department of General Medicine Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar 751024 Odisha India
| | - Dhananjay Bhattacherjee
- Chemical Technology Department CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur 176061, HP India
| | - Abha Chaudhary
- Chemical Technology Department CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur 176061, HP India
- Department of Chemistry Government Post Graduate College Ambala Cantt Haryana 133001 India
| | - Pralay Das
- Chemical Technology Department CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur 176061, HP India
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4
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Quinonero O, Lemaitre C, Jean M, Vanthuyne N, Roussel C, Bonne D, Constantieux T, Bressy C, Bugaut X, Rodriguez J. On the Enantioselective Phosphoric-Acid-Catalyzed Hantzsch Synthesis of Polyhydroquinolines. Org Lett 2021; 23:3394-3398. [PMID: 33904300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A reinvestigation of a chiral phosphoric-acid-catalyzed four-component Hantzsch enantioselective synthesis of polyhydroquinolines reported in 2009 is presented. In our hands, when the reaction was performed with fidelity to the original report using a chiral enantiopure phosphoric acid catalyst, no enantioselectivity was observed. Unlike in the original report, enantioselectivity results are backed by baseline separation of the enantiomers by HPLC analyses on chiral stationary phase with UV and chiroptical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Quinonero
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Clément Lemaitre
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Marion Jean
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Christian Roussel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Damien Bonne
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | | | - Cyril Bressy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Xavier Bugaut
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Jean Rodriguez
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
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5
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Abstract
The purpose of this review is to highlight recent developments in the synthesis of chiral 1,4-dihydropyridines and their fused analogues. 1,4-Dihydropyridines are among the most active calcium antagonists that are used for the treatment of hypertension. Enantiomers of unsymmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridines often show different biological activities and may have even an opposite action profile. Hantzsch synthesis usually produces racemic mixtures of unsymmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridines. Therefore, the development of stereoselective synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines is one of the priorities of medicinal chemistry. Over the years, numerous methodologies have been developed for the production of enantiopure 1,4-dihydropyridines, such as stereoselective synthesis using chiral auxiliaries and chiral cyclocondensation partners, chromatographical methods, resolution of diastereomeric 1,4-dihydropyridine salts, enzyme catalysed kinetic resolution, or asymmetrisation of ester groups of 1,4-dihydropyridines. These approaches have been studied in detail and are relatively well established. The catalytic asymmetric approach holds the greatest promise in delivering the most practical and widely applicable methods. Substantial progress has been made toward the development of enantioselective organocatalytic methods for the construction of the chiral dihydropyridines. However, most of them do not provide a convenient way to pharmacologically important 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylates. Organocatalytic enantioselective desymmetrisation of prochiral 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbaldehydes also has great promise in the synthesis of pharmacologically important 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylates.
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Steiger SA, Li C, Gates C, Natale NR. Synthesis and crystal structures of a bis-(3-hy-droxy-cyclo-hex-2-en-1-one) and two hexa-hydro-quinoline derivatives. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:125-131. [PMID: 32071733 PMCID: PMC7001840 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989019017018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The title compound I, 2,2'-[(2-nitro-phen-yl)methyl-ene]bis-(3-hy-droxy-5,5-di-methyl-cyclo-hex-2-enone), C23H27NO6, features a 1,3-ketone-enol conformation which is stabilized by two intra-molecular hydrogen bonds. The most prominent inter-molecular inter-actions in compound I are C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which link mol-ecules into a two-dimensional network parallel to the (001) plane and a chain perpendicular to (11). Both title compounds II, ethyl 4-(4-hy-droxy-3,5-di-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexa-hydro-quinoline-3-carb-oxyl-ate, C23H29NO6, and III, ethyl 4-(anthracen-9-yl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexa-hydro-quinoline-3-carboxyl-ate, C29H29NO3, share the same structural features, such as a shallow boat conformation of the di-hydro-pyridine group and an orthogonal aryl group attached to the di-hydro-pyridine. Inter-molecular N-H⋯O bonding is present in the crystal packing of both compound II and III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Steiger
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Ithaca College, 953 Danby Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Christina Gates
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Nicholas R. Natale
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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Lu XQ, Zhang HH, Yang R, Zhu SY, Wang FS. Crystal structure of methyl 2,7,7-trimethyl-4-(3-methylthiophen-2-yl)-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate, C 19H 23NO 3S. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2018-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C19H23NO3S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.0403(15) Å, b = 18.213(3) Å, c = 11.1889(19) Å, β = 107.964(2)°, V = 1752.4(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0498, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1536, T = 296(2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery , Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi , China
| | - Huan-Hu Zhang
- Department of Digestive , Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital , Taiyuan, Shanxi , China
| | - Rui Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi , China
| | - Si-Yuan Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi , China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery , Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi , China
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8
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Rezaei N, Ranjbar PR. The efficient synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines via metal-free oxidative C C coupling by HBr and DMSO. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Perumal M, Sengodu P, Venkatesan S, Perumal S, Antony S, Paramsivam M. Polybenzimidazole-Triphenylphosphene-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis and Evaluation of Dihydropyridine Derivative as Antibiotics and Antifungals. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muthuraja Perumal
- Department of Chemistry; Alagappa University; Karaikudi-630006 India
| | - Prakash Sengodu
- Department of Chemistry; Alagappa University; Karaikudi-630006 India
| | | | | | - Susaimanickam Antony
- Department of Chemistry; Arumugam Pillai Seethai Ammal College; Thirupattur-630211 India
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10
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Steiger SA, Li C, Backos DS, Reigan P, Natale NR. Dimeric isoxazolyl-1,4-dihydropyridines have enhanced binding at the multi-drug resistance transporter. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3223-3234. [PMID: 28434782 PMCID: PMC5813499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of dimeric isoxazolyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (IDHPs) were prepared by click chemistry and examined for their ability to bind the multi-drug resistance transporter (MDR-1), a member of the ATP-binding cassette superfamily (ABC). Eight compounds in the present study exhibited single digit micromolar binding to this efflux transporter. One monomeric IDHP m-Br-1c, possessed submicromolar binding of 510nM at MDR-1. Three of the dimeric IDHPs possessed <1.5µM activity, and 4b and 4c were observed to have superior binding selectivity compared to their corresponding monomers verses the voltage gated calcium channel (VGCC). The dimer with the best combination of activity and selectivity for MDR-1 was analog 4c containing an m-Br phenyl moiety in the 3-position of the isoxazole, and a tether with five ethyleneoxy units, referred to herein as Isoxaquidar. Two important controls, mono-triazole 5 and pyridine 6, also were examined, indicating that the triazole - incorporated as part of the click assembly as a spacer - contributes to MDR-1 binding. Compounds were also assayed at the allosteric site of the mGluR5 receptor, as a GPCR 7TM control, indicating that the p-Br IDHPs 4d, 4e and 4f with tethers of from n=2 to 5 ethylenedioxy units, had sub-micromolar affinities with 4d being the most efficacious at 193nM at mGluR5. The results are interpreted using a docking study using a human ABC as our current working hypothesis, and suggest that the distinct SARs emerging for these three divergent classes of biomolecular targets may be tunable, and amenable to the development of further selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Steiger
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Ithaca College, 953 Danby Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States
| | - Donald S Backos
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Philip Reigan
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - N R Natale
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States.
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