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Tang J, Li W, Chiu TY, Martínez-Peña F, Luo Z, Chong CT, Wei Q, Gazaniga N, West TJ, See YY, Lairson LL, Parker CG, Baran PS. Synthesis of portimines reveals the basis of their anti-cancer activity. Nature 2023; 622:507-513. [PMID: 37730997 PMCID: PMC10699793 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Marine-derived cyclic imine toxins, portimine A and portimine B, have attracted attention because of their chemical structure and notable anti-cancer therapeutic potential1-4. However, access to large quantities of these toxins is currently not feasible, and the molecular mechanism underlying their potent activity remains unknown until now. To address this, a scalable and concise synthesis of portimines is presented, which benefits from the logic used in the two-phase terpenoid synthesis5,6 along with other tactics such as exploiting ring-chain tautomerization and skeletal reorganization to minimize protecting group chemistry through self-protection. Notably, this total synthesis enabled a structural reassignment of portimine B and an in-depth functional evaluation of portimine A, revealing that it induces apoptosis selectively in human cancer cell lines with high potency and is efficacious in vivo in tumour-clearance models. Finally, practical access to the portimines and their analogues simplified the development of photoaffinity analogues, which were used in chemical proteomic experiments to identify a primary target of portimine A as the 60S ribosomal export protein NMD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Weichao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tzu-Yuan Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Zengwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Qijia Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Thomas J West
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yi Yang See
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Luke L Lairson
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | | | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Zhang XG, Li X, Zhang C, Feng C. Multisubstituted Cyclohexene Construction through Telescoped Radical-Addition Induced Remote Functional Group Migration and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) Olefination. Org Lett 2021; 23:9611-9615. [PMID: 34870438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient telescoped method for the rapid assembly of multisubstituted cyclohexenes is presented herein. The whole process nicely merges photoredox-promoted alkene difunctionalization via remote functional group migration with concomitant intramolecular Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) olefination. The characteristic feature of this protocol resides in the fact that the follow-up requiring ketone functionality for ring-closing olefination is in situ unveiled from the otherwise inert tertiary alcohol by the preceding alkene difunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Gui Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xin Li
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
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Ding XB, Aitken HRM, Pearl ES, Furkert DP, Brimble MA. Synthesis of the C4-C16 Polyketide Fragment of Portimines A and B. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12840-12850. [PMID: 34469687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective synthesis of the C4-C16 polyketide fragment of portimines A and B is reported, enabled by our previously established method for the stereoselective synthesis of syn-α,α'-dihydroxyketones. The preparation of this advanced fragment provides insights useful for the total synthesis of portimines A and B. An asymmetric Evans aldol reaction was used to install the C10-C11 adjacent stereogenic centers before incorporation of indantrione, followed by epoxidation and epoxide opening to forge the challenging syn-α,α'-dihydroxyketone functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Ding
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Harry R M Aitken
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Esperanza S Pearl
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Daniel P Furkert
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.,The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.,The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Izumida M, Suga K, Ishibashi F, Kubo Y. The Spirocyclic Imine from a Marine Benthic Dinoflagellate, Portimine, Is a Potent Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Therapeutic Lead Compound. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17090495. [PMID: 31450557 PMCID: PMC6780162 DOI: 10.3390/md17090495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to find chemicals from lower sea animals with defensive effects against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). A library of marine natural products consisting of 80 compounds was screened for activity against HIV-1 infection using a luciferase-encoding HIV-1 vector. We identified five compounds that decreased luciferase activity in the vector-inoculated cells. In particular, portimine, isolated from the benthic dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum, exhibited significant anti-HIV-1 activity. Portimine inhibited viral infection with an 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 4.1 nM and had no cytotoxic effect on the host cells at concentrations less than 200 nM. Portimine also inhibited vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G)-pseudotyped HIV-1 vector infection. This result suggested that portimine mainly targeted HIV-1 Gag or Pol protein. To analyse which replication steps portimine affects, luciferase sequences were amplified by semi-quantitative PCR in total DNA. This analysis revealed that portimine inhibits HIV-1 vector infection before or at the reverse transcription step. Portimine has also been shown to have a direct effect on reverse transcriptase using an in vitro reverse transcriptase assay. Portimine efficiently inhibited HIV-1 replication and is a potent lead compound for developing novel therapeutic drugs against HIV-1-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Izumida
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
- Department of Community Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Koushirou Suga
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Fumito Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Kubo
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical Medicine and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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Freeman JL, Brimble MA, Furkert DP. Convenient access to 5-membered cyclic iminium ions: evidence for a stepwise [4 + 2] cycloaddition mechanism. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2705-2714. [PMID: 30768089 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00262f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In situ generation and reaction of novel 5-membered N-tosyl cyclic α,β-unsaturated iminium ions from readily prepared stable precursors is demonstrated. Formal iminium Diels-Alder cycloaddition proceeded in good yield via a stepwise rather than concerted cycloaddition process, confirmed through the isolation of a Mukaiyama-Michael type intermediate. Relative stereochemistry was determined upon subsequent intramolecular cyclisation under Lewis acid catalysis to afford formal endo 5,6-spirobicyclic adducts, as confirmed by crystallography. Further synthetic elaboration towards complex molecular scaffolds based on the dinoflagellate metabolite portimine, a potent apoptosis inducer, were also developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared L Freeman
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
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