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Hort V, Bourcier S. Discovery of a series of portimine-A fatty acid esters in mussels. Harmful Algae 2024; 134:102621. [PMID: 38705617 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Vulcanodinium rugosum is a benthic dinoflagellate known for producing pinnatoxins, pteriatoxins, portimines and kabirimine. In this study, we aimed to identify unknown analogs of these emerging toxins in mussels collected in the Ingril lagoon, France. First, untargeted data acquisitions were conducted by means of liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry. Data processing involved a molecular networking approach, and a workflow dedicated to the identification of biotransformed metabolites. Additionally, targeted analyses by liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry were also implemented to further investigate and confirm the identification of new compounds. For the first time, a series of 13-O-acyl esters of portimine-A (n = 13) were identified, with fatty acid chains ranging between C12:0 and C22:6. The profile was dominated by the palmitic acid conjugation. This discovery was supported by fractionation experiments combined with the implementation of a hydrolysis reaction, providing further evidence of the metabolite identities. Furthermore, several analogs were semi-synthesized, definitively confirming the discovery of these metabolization products. A new analog of pinnatoxin, with a molecular formula of C42H65NO9, was also identified across the year 2018, with the highest concentration observed in August (4.5 μg/kg). The MS/MS data collected for this compound exhibited strong structural similarities with PnTX-A and PnTX-G, likely indicating a substituent C2H5O2 in the side chain at C33. The discovery of these new analogs will contribute to deeper knowledge of the chemodiversity of toxins produced by V. rugosum or resulting from shellfish metabolism, thereby improving our ability to characterize the risks associated with these emerging toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Hort
- Laboratory for Food Safety, Pesticides and Marine Biotoxins Unit, ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Sophie Bourcier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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Bouquet A, Thébault A, Arnich N, Foucault E, Caillard E, Gianaroli C, Bellamy E, Rolland JL, Laabir M, Abadie E. Modelling spatiotemporal distributions of Vulcanodinium rugosum and pinnatoxin G in French Mediterranean lagoons: Application to human health risk characterisation. Harmful Algae 2023; 129:102500. [PMID: 37951616 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of seafood contaminated by phycotoxins produced by harmful algae is a major issue in human public health. Harmful algal blooms are driven by a multitude of environmental variables; therefore predicting human dietary exposure to phycotoxins based on these variables is a promising approach in health risk management. In this study, we attempted to predict the human health risks associated with Vulcanodinium rugosum and its neurotoxins, pinnatoxins (PnTXs), which have been regularly found in Mediterranean lagoons since their identification in 2011. Based on environmental variables collected over 1 year in four Mediterranean lagoons, we developed linear mixed models to predict the presence of V. rugosum and PnTX G contamination of mussels. We found that the occurrence of V. rugosum was significantly associated with seawater temperature. PnTX G contamination of mussels was highest in summer but persisted throughout the year. This contamination was significantly associated with seawater temperature and the presence of V. rugosum with a time lag, but not with dissolved PnTX G in seawater. By using the contamination model predictions and their potential variability/uncertainty, we calculated the human acute dietary exposures throughout the year and predicted that 25% of people who consume mussels could exceed the provisional acute benchmark value during the warmest periods. We suggest specific recommendations to monitor V. rugosum and PnTX G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bouquet
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France.
| | - Anne Thébault
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Risk Assessment Directorate, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Nathalie Arnich
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Risk Assessment Directorate, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Elodie Foucault
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France
| | - Elise Caillard
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France
| | - Camille Gianaroli
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France
| | - Elise Bellamy
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France
| | - Jean Luc Rolland
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France
| | - Mohamed Laabir
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Abadie
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; IFREMER, Biodivenv, 79 Route de Pointe Fort, 97231 Martinique, France
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Hort V, Bastardo-Fernández I, Nicolas M. Exploration of Vulcanodinium rugosum Toxins and their Metabolism Products in Mussels from the Ingril Lagoon Hotspot in France. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:429. [PMID: 37623710 PMCID: PMC10455521 DOI: 10.3390/md21080429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the year 2018, we assessed toxin contamination of shellfish collected on a monthly basis in Ingril Lagoon, France, a site known as a hotspot for Vulcanodinium rugosum growth. This short time-series study gave an overview of the presence and seasonal variability of pinnatoxins, pteriatoxins, portimines and kabirimine, all associated with V. rugosum, in shellfish. Suspect screening and targeted analysis approaches were implemented by means of liquid chromatography coupled to both low- and high-resolution mass spectrometry. We detected pinnatoxin-A and pinnatoxin-G throughout the year, with maximum levels for each one observed in June (6.7 µg/kg for pinnatoxin-A; 467.5 µg/kg for pinnatoxin-G), whereas portimine-A was detected between May and September (maximum level = 75.6 µg/kg). One of the main findings was the identification of a series of fatty acid esters of pinnatoxin-G (n = 13) although the levels detected were low. The profile was dominated by the palmitic acid conjugation of pinnatoxin-G. The other 12 fatty acid esters had not been reported in European shellfish to date. In addition, after thorough investigations, two compounds were detected, with one being probably identified as portimine-B, and the other one putatively attributed to pteriatoxins. If available, reference materials would have ensured full identification. Monitoring of these V. rugosum emerging toxins and their biotransformation products will contribute towards filling the data gaps pointed out in risk assessments and in particular the need for more contamination data for shellfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Hort
- Laboratory for Food Safety, Pesticides and Marine Biotoxins Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses), Paris-Est University, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, France; (I.B.-F.); (M.N.)
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4
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Bouquet A, Felix C, Masseret E, Reymond C, Abadie E, Laabir M, Rolland JL. Artificial Substrates Coupled with qPCR (AS-qPCR) Assay for the Detection of the Toxic Benthopelagic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:217. [PMID: 36977108 PMCID: PMC10055951 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vulcanodinium rugosum is an emerging benthopelagic neuro-toxic dinoflagellate species responsible for seasonal Pinnatoxins and Portimines contaminations of shellfish and marine animals. This species is challenging to detect in the environment, as it is present in low abundance and difficult to be identified using light microscopy. In this work, we developed a method using artificial substrates coupled with qPCR (AS-qPCR) to detect V. rugosum in a marine environment. This sensitive, specific and easy-to-standardize alternative to current techniques does not require specialized expertise in taxonomy. After determining the limits and specificity of the qPCR, we searched for the presence of V. rugosum in four French Mediterranean lagoons using artificial substrates collected every two weeks for one year. The AS-qPCR method revealed its occurrences in summer 2021 in every studied lagoon and detected cells in more samples than light microscopy. As V. rugosum development induces shellfish contamination even at low microalga densities, the AS-qPCR method is accurate and relevant for monitoring V. rugosum in a marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bouquet
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (A.B.)
| | - Christine Felix
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (A.B.)
| | - Estelle Masseret
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Coralie Reymond
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Abadie
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (A.B.)
- IFREMER, Biodivenv, 79 Route de Pointe Fort, 97231 Martinique, France
| | - Mohamed Laabir
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Luc Rolland
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (A.B.)
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Bouquet A, Perdrau MA, Laabir M, Foucault E, Chomérat N, Rolland JL, Abadie E. Liza ramada Juveniles after Exposure to the Toxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum: Effects on Fish Viability, Tissue Contamination and Microalgae Survival after Gut Passage. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14060401. [PMID: 35737062 PMCID: PMC9229845 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pinnatoxins (PnTX) and Portimines (Prtn), two toxins produced by the benthic dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum, are known to be lethal to mice after intraperitoneal or oral administration. They are also known to accumulate in shellfish such as mussels and clams, but their effect on fish and the upper food chain remains unknown. In this work, juveniles of the fish Liza ramada (Mullet) were exposed to a strain of V. rugosum producing PnTX G and Prtn A. The fishes’ viability and contamination were recorded at times interval. Results showed that L. ramada juveniles were able to feed on V. rugosum and that their tissues could be contaminated by PnTX G and Prtn A without impact on fish viability. Furthermore, the microalgae temporary cysts survived and germinated after fish gut passage. This study showed the potential of L. ramada to transfer PnTX and Prtn toxins to the upper food chain and to disseminate V. rugosum in environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bouquet
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (M.A.P.); (E.F.); (E.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (J.L.R.)
| | - Marie Anaïs Perdrau
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (M.A.P.); (E.F.); (E.A.)
| | - Mohamed Laabir
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 34095 Montpellier, France;
| | - Elodie Foucault
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (M.A.P.); (E.F.); (E.A.)
| | - Nicolas Chomérat
- IFREMER, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, 29900 Concarneau, France;
| | - Jean Luc Rolland
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (M.A.P.); (E.F.); (E.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (J.L.R.)
| | - Eric Abadie
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 87 Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète, France; (M.A.P.); (E.F.); (E.A.)
- IFREMER, Biodivenv, 79 Route de Pointe Fort, 97231 Martinique, France
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Sosa S, Pelin M, Cavion F, Hervé F, Hess P, Tubaro A. Acute Oral Toxicity of Pinnatoxin G in Mice. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12020087. [PMID: 32012834 PMCID: PMC7076786 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pinnatoxin G (PnTx-G) is a marine cyclic imine toxin produced by the dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum, frequently detected in edible shellfish from Ingril Lagoon (France). As other pinnatoxins, to date, no human poisonings ascribed to consumption of PnTx-G contaminated seafood have been reported, despite its potent antagonism at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and its high and fast-acting toxicity after intraperitoneal or oral administration in mice. The hazard characterization of PnTx-G by oral exposure is limited to a single acute toxicity study recording lethality and clinical signs in non-fasted mice treated by gavage or through voluntary food ingestion, which showed differences in PnTx-G toxic potency. Thus, an acute toxicity study was carried out using 3 h-fasted CD-1 female mice, administered by gavage with PnTx-G (8–450 µg kg−1). At the dose of 220 µg kg−1 and above, the toxin induced a rapid onset of clinical signs (piloerection, prostration, hypothermia, abdominal breathing, paralysis of the hind limbs, and cyanosis), leading to the death of mice within 30 min. Except for moderate mucosal degeneration in the small intestine recorded at doses of 300 µg kg−1, the toxin did not induce significant morphological changes in the other main organs and tissues, or alterations in blood chemistry parameters. This acute oral toxicity study allowed to calculate an oral LD50 for PnTx-G equal to 208 μg kg−1 (95% confidence limits: 155–281 µg kg−1) and to estimate a provisional NOEL of 120 µg kg−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Sosa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-040-558-8836
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Federica Cavion
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Fabienne Hervé
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Centre Atlantique, 44311 Nantes CEDEX, France; (F.H.); (P.H.)
| | - Philipp Hess
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Centre Atlantique, 44311 Nantes CEDEX, France; (F.H.); (P.H.)
| | - Aurelia Tubaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.T.)
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Izumida M, Suga K, Ishibashi F, Kubo Y. The Spirocyclic Imine from a Marine Benthic Dinoflagellate, Portimine, Is a Potent Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Therapeutic Lead Compound. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17090495. [PMID: 31450557 PMCID: PMC6780162 DOI: 10.3390/md17090495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to find chemicals from lower sea animals with defensive effects against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). A library of marine natural products consisting of 80 compounds was screened for activity against HIV-1 infection using a luciferase-encoding HIV-1 vector. We identified five compounds that decreased luciferase activity in the vector-inoculated cells. In particular, portimine, isolated from the benthic dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum, exhibited significant anti-HIV-1 activity. Portimine inhibited viral infection with an 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 4.1 nM and had no cytotoxic effect on the host cells at concentrations less than 200 nM. Portimine also inhibited vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G)-pseudotyped HIV-1 vector infection. This result suggested that portimine mainly targeted HIV-1 Gag or Pol protein. To analyse which replication steps portimine affects, luciferase sequences were amplified by semi-quantitative PCR in total DNA. This analysis revealed that portimine inhibits HIV-1 vector infection before or at the reverse transcription step. Portimine has also been shown to have a direct effect on reverse transcriptase using an in vitro reverse transcriptase assay. Portimine efficiently inhibited HIV-1 replication and is a potent lead compound for developing novel therapeutic drugs against HIV-1-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Izumida
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
- Department of Community Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Koushirou Suga
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Fumito Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Kubo
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical Medicine and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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Delcourt N, Lagrange E, Abadie E, Fessard V, Frémy JM, Vernoux JP, Peyrat MB, Maignien T, Arnich N, Molgó J, Mattei C. Pinnatoxins' Deleterious Effects on Cholinergic Networks: From Experimental Models to Human Health. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17070425. [PMID: 31330850 PMCID: PMC6669724 DOI: 10.3390/md17070425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinnatoxins (PnTXs) are emerging neurotoxins that were discovered about 30 years ago. They are solely produced by the marine dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum, and may be transferred into the food chain, as they have been found in various marine invertebrates, including bivalves. No human intoxication has been reported to date although acute toxicity was induced by PnTxs in rodents. LD50 values have been estimated for the different PnTXs through the oral route. At sublethal doses, all symptoms are reversible, and no neurological sequelae are visible. These symptoms are consistent with impairment of central and peripheral cholinergic network functions. In fact, PnTXs are high-affinity competitive antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Moreover, their lethal effects are consistent with the inhibition of muscle nAChRs, inducing respiratory distress and paralysis. Human intoxication by ingestion of PnTXs could result in various symptoms observed in episodes of poisoning with natural nAChR antagonists. This review updates the available data on PnTX toxicity with a focus on their mode of action on cholinergic networks and suggests the effects that could be extrapolated on human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Delcourt
- Poison Control Centre, Toulouse-Purpan University Hospital and Toulouse NeuroImaging Centre (ToNIC), INSERM1214, Toulouse-Purpan University Hospital, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Emmeline Lagrange
- Department of Neurology, Reference Center of Neuromuscular Disease, Grenoble University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Abadie
- Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), IRD, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CS30171, 34200 Sete Cedex 03, France
| | - Valérie Fessard
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, ANSES-French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, 35306 Fougères, France
| | - Jean-Marc Frémy
- Retired from ANSES-French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jean-Paul Vernoux
- Research Unit EA 4651 Aliments Bioprocédés Toxicologie Environnements (ABTE), Normandie University, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Marie-Bénédicte Peyrat
- Risk Assessment Department, ANSES-French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Thomas Maignien
- Risk Assessment Department, ANSES-French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Nathalie Arnich
- Risk Assessment Department, ANSES-French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jordi Molgó
- Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 9197 CNRS/Université Paris-Sud, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - César Mattei
- Mitochondrial and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology (MITOVASC), Cardiovascular Mechanotransduction, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France.
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Abadie E, Chiantella C, Crottier A, Rhodes L, Masseret E, Berteaux T, Laabir M. What are the main environmental factors driving the development of the neurotoxic dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum in a Mediterranean ecosystem (Ingril lagoon, France)? Harmful Algae 2018; 75:75-86. [PMID: 29778227 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vulcanodinium rugosum, a dinoflagellate developing in Ingril Lagoon (Mediterranean, France) is responsible for shellfish intoxications due to the neurotoxin pinnatoxin G. A one year survey (March 2012-April 2013) was conducted in this oligotrophic shallow lagoon and key environmental parameters were recorded (temperature, salinity and nutrients). The spatio-temporal distribution of V. rugosum in water column and on macrophytes was also determined. Planktonic cells of V. rugosum were observed at all sampling stations, but in relatively low concentrations (maximum of 1000 cell/L). The highest abundances were observed from June to September 2012. There was a positive correlation between cell densities and both temperature and salinity. Non-motile cells were detected on macrophytes, with a maximum concentration of 6300 cells/g wet weight. Nitrite and ammonium were negatively related to V. rugosum abundance whereas total nitrogen, total phosphorus and phosphates showed a positive correlation. Altogether, in situ results suggest that V. rugosum is rather thermophilic and that organic nutrients should be considered when studying the nutrition requirements for this noxious expanding dinoflagellate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Abadie
- IFREMER, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CS30171, Sete Cedex 03, France.
| | - Claude Chiantella
- IFREMER, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CS30171, Sete Cedex 03, France
| | - Anaïs Crottier
- IFREMER, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CS30171, Sete Cedex 03, France
| | - Lesley Rhodes
- Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Private Bag 2, Nelson, 7042, New Zealand
| | - Estelle Masseret
- Université de Montpellier, Center for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Place E. Bataillon, CC93, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Tom Berteaux
- IFREMER, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CS30171, Sete Cedex 03, France
| | - Mohamed Laabir
- Université de Montpellier, Center for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Place E. Bataillon, CC93, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Abadie E, Muguet A, Berteaux T, Chomérat N, Hess P, Roque D'OrbCastel E, Masseret E, Laabir M. Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and Salinity. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8050136. [PMID: 27164144 PMCID: PMC4885051 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8050136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulcanodinium rugosum, a recently described species, produces pinnatoxins. The IFR-VRU-01 strain, isolated from a French Mediterranean lagoon in 2010 and identified as the causative dinoflagellate contaminating mussels in the Ingril Lagoon (French Mediterranean) with pinnatoxin-G, was grown in an enriched natural seawater medium. We tested the effect of temperature and salinity on growth, pinnatoxin-G production and chlorophyll a levels of this dinoflagellate. These factors were tested in combinations of five temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C) and five salinities (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40) at an irradiance of 100 µmol photon m(-2) s(-1). V. rugosum can grow at temperatures and salinities ranging from 20 °C to 30 °C and 20 to 40, respectively. The optimal combination for growth (0.39 ± 0.11 d(-1)) was a temperature of 25 °C and a salinity of 40. Results suggest that V. rugosum is euryhaline and thermophile which could explain why this dinoflagellate develops in situ only from June to September. V. rugosum growth rate and pinnatoxin-G production were highest at temperatures ranging between 25 and 30 °C. This suggests that the dinoflagellate may give rise to extensive blooms in the coming decades caused by the climate change-related increases in temperature expected in the Mediterranean coasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Abadie
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), CS30171 Sète Cedex 03 34200, France.
| | - Alexia Muguet
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), CS30171 Sète Cedex 03 34200, France.
| | - Tom Berteaux
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), CS30171 Sète Cedex 03 34200, France.
| | - Nicolas Chomérat
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources de Bretagne Occidentale, Place de la Croix, Concarneau 29900, France.
| | - Philipp Hess
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (DYNECO/PHYC), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105 Nantes Cedex 3 44311, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Roque D'OrbCastel
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), CS30171 Sète Cedex 03 34200, France.
| | - Estelle Masseret
- Center for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ifremer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Place E. Bataillon, CC93, Montpellier Cedex 5 34095, France.
| | - Mohamed Laabir
- Center for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ifremer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Place E. Bataillon, CC93, Montpellier Cedex 5 34095, France.
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Abadie E, Kaci L, Berteaux T, Hess P, Sechet V, Masseret E, Rolland JL, Laabir M. Effect of Nitrate, Ammonium and Urea on Growth and Pinnatoxin G Production of Vulcanodinium rugosum. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:5642-56. [PMID: 26404325 DOI: 10.3390/md13095642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulcanodinium rugosum, a recently described dinoflagellate species producing a potent neurotoxin (pinnatoxin G), has been identified in French Mediterranean lagoons and was responsible for recurrent episodes of shellfish toxicity detected by mouse bioassay. Until now, the biology and physiology of V. rugosum have not been fully investigated. We studied the growth characteristics and toxicity of a V. rugosum strain (IFR-VRU-01), isolated in the Ingril lagoon in June 2009 (North-Western French Mediterranean Sea). It was cultivated in Enriched Natural Sea Water (ENSW) with organic (urea) and inorganic (ammonium and nitrate) nitrogen, at a temperature of 25 °C and irradiance of 100 μmol/m2·s−1. Results showed that ammonium was assimilated by cells more rapidly than nitrate and urea. V. rugosum is thus an osmotrophic species using urea. Consequently, this nitrogen form could contribute to the growth of this dinoflagellate species in the natural environment. There was no significant difference (Anova, p = 0.856) between the growth rate of V. rugosum cultivated with ammonium (0.28 ± 0.11 day−1), urea (0.26 ± 0.08 day−1) and nitrate (0.24 ± 0.01 day−1). However, the production of chlorophyll a and pinnatoxin G was significantly lower with urea as a nitrogen source (Anova, p < 0.027), suggesting that nutritional conditions prevailing at the moment of the bloom could determine the cellular toxicity of V. rugosum and therefore the toxicity measured in contaminated mollusks. The relatively low growth rate (≤0.28 day−1) and the capacity of this species to continuously produce temporary cysts could explain why cell densities of this species in the water column are typically low (≤20,000 cells/L).
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