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Han X, Zhang N, Li Q, Zhang Y, Das S. The efficient synthesis of three-membered rings via photo- and electrochemical strategies. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc02512a. [PMID: 39156935 PMCID: PMC11325197 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02512a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-membered rings, such as epoxides, aziridines, oxaziridines, cyclopropenes, vinyloxaziridines, and azirines, are recognized as crucial pharmacophores and building blocks in organic chemistry and drug discovery. Despite the significant advances in the synthesis of these rings through photo/electrochemical methods over the past decade, there has currently been no focused discussion and updated overviews on this topic. Therefore, we presented this review article on the efficient synthesis of three-membered rings using photo- and electrochemical strategies, covering the literature since 2015. In this study, a conceptual overview and detailed discussions were provided to illustrate the advancement of this field. Moreover, a brief discussion outlines the current challenges and opportunities in synthesizing the three-membered rings using these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Han
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No. 1200, Cailun Road Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Qiannan Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No. 1200, Cailun Road Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No. 1200, Cailun Road Shanghai 201203 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 People's Republic of China
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth Bayreuth 95447 Germany
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Yang Y, Yu X, He N, Huang X, Song X, Chen J, Lin J, Jin Y. FeCl 3-catalyzed oxidative amidation of benzylic C-H bonds enabled by a photogenerated chlorine-radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10299-10302. [PMID: 37551442 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of iron-catalyzed benzylic C-H oxidative amidation reactions via photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT). These reactions exhibit a broad substrate scope (60 examples) and offer operationally simple, scalable procedures for accessing valuable products from methylarenes in a single step. Mechanistic studies and control experiments confirm the participation of a photogenerated chlorine radical in facilitating the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) from the benzylic C-H bond to initiate the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
| | - Xianglin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
| | - Na He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
| | - Xinxiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
| | - Xizhong Song
- Jianxi Zhiheng Hall Chinese Herbal Medicine Co. Ltd., Jianxi, 331200, P. R. China.
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
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Ethylbenzene Hydroperoxide: An efficient oxidizing agent for diastereoselective synthesis of Spiroepoxy oxindoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li J, Zhao J, Ma C, Yu Z, Zhu H, Yun L, Meng Q. Visible-Light-Driven Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes Using Water-Soluble CdSe Quantum Dots. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:4985-4992. [PMID: 34494393 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds is an important chemical reaction, which is a popular reaction in the photocatalytic field. However, high catalyst-loading and low turnover number (TON) are general shortcomings in reported visible-light-driven reactions. Herein, the direct oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds through water-soluble CdSe quantum dots (QDs) is described under visible-light irradiation at room temperature with high TON (up to 3.7×104 ). Under the same conditions, water-soluble CdSe QDs could also oxidize sulfides to sulfoxides with 51-84 % yields and TONs up to 3.4×104 . The key features of this photocatalytic protocol include high TONs, wide substrates scope, low catalyst loadings, simple and mild reaction conditions, and molecular O2 as the oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jingnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Cunfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zongyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315016, P. R. China
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
| | - Anuj Sharma
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
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Abstract
This review summaries recent synthetic developments towards spirocyclic oxindoles and applications as valuable medicinal and synthetic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Boddy
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
| | - James A. Bull
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
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Hosseini‐Sarvari M, Bazyar Z. Selective Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidation of Alkenes to Epoxides with Pd/ZnO Nanoparticles. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Bazyar
- Department of ChemistryShiraz University Shiraz 7194684795 I.R. Iran
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Beutner GL, Ayers S, Chen T, Leung SW, Tai HC, Wang Q. General Method for Quantitation of Organic Hydroperoxides. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L. Beutner
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Sloan Ayers
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Tao Chen
- Spectrix Analytical Services, 410 Sackett Point Road, North Haven, Connecticut 06473, United States
| | - Simon W. Leung
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Hua Chia Tai
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
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