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Souza Junior JB, Mouriño B, Gehlen MH, Moraes DA, Bettini J, Varanda LC. Acid selenites as new selenium precursor for CdSe quantum dot synthesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23837. [PMID: 38205302 PMCID: PMC10777003 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical precursors for nanomaterials synthesis have become essential to tune particle size, composition, morphology, and unique properties. New inexpensive precursors investigation that precisely controls these characteristics is highly relevant. We studied new Se precursors, the acid selenites (R-O-SeOOH), to synthesize CdSe quantum dots (QDs). They were produced at room temperature by the Image 1 reaction with alcohols having different alkyl chains and were characterized by 1H NMR confirming their structures. This unprecedented precursor generates high-quality CdSe nanocrystals with narrow size distribution in the zinc-blend structure showing controlled optical properties. Advanced characterization detailed the CdSe structure showing stacking fault defects and its dependence on the used R-O-SeOOH. The QDs formation was examined using a time-dependent growth kinetics model. Differences in the nanoparticle surface structure influenced the optical properties, and they were correlated to the Se-precursor nature. Small alkyl chain acid selenites generally lead to more controlled QDs morphology, while the bigger alkyl chain leads to slightly upper quantum yields. Acid selenites can potentially replace Se-precursors at competitive costs in the metallic chalcogenide nanoparticles. Image 1 is chemically stable, and alcohols are cheap and less toxic than the reactants used today, making acid selenites a more sustainable Se precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- João B. Souza Junior
- Colloidal Materials Group, Physical-Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos - SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas - SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Mouriño
- Colloidal Materials Group, Physical-Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos - SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo H. Gehlen
- Colloidal Materials Group, Physical-Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos - SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel A. Moraes
- Colloidal Materials Group, Physical-Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos - SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas - SP, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Bettini
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas - SP, Brazil
| | - Laudemir C. Varanda
- Colloidal Materials Group, Physical-Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos - SP, Brazil
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Bhowmick M, Christensen J, Adjorlolo R, Ullrich B. Photoluminescence from Two-Phase Nanocomposites Embedded in Polymers. Micromachines (Basel) 2024; 15:111. [PMID: 38258230 PMCID: PMC10820105 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
A set of polymer-embedded, two-colored nanocomposites were prepared where the co-existing emission peaks (~578 nm and ~650 nm) had different ratios at their emission thresholds. The nanocomposite samples were simultaneously excited by a 405 nm laser, and the growth of photoluminescence intensities was studied as a function of excitation intensity. The two peaks showed different growth evolution mechanisms. The factors impacting this difference could be (1) energy transfer between the two sized nanoparticles; (2) relaxation mechanism of smaller nanoparticles; and (3) material properties of the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Bhowmick
- Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Regionals, Middletown, OH 45042, USA
| | - James Christensen
- Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, United States Army Corps of Engineers, Champaign, IL 61822, USA
| | - Richard Adjorlolo
- Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Regionals, Middletown, OH 45042, USA
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3
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Kiczor A, Mergo P. Synthesis of CdSe Quantum Dots in Two Solvents of Different Boiling Points for Polymer Optical Fiber Technology. Materials (Basel) 2023; 17:227. [PMID: 38204080 PMCID: PMC10779661 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Polymer materials find many applications in various industries. Efforts are being made to obtain structures with increasingly better properties. It is necessary not only to obtain new materials but also to modify existing structures. Such is the situation with polymer optical fibers. The widespread use of polymer optical fibers is impossible, due to their very high optical losses compared to glass optical fibers. The solution to this problem can be the manufacturing of polymer active optical fibers. Active fibers are the basic components of fiber optic amplifiers and lasers that allow the direct amplification of light inside the fiber. In order for their operation to be the most effective, it is necessary to use dopants. The most commonly used are lanthanide ions isolated from the polymer network, active organic dyes, and quantum dots. These dopants are characterized by very high luminescence and long glow times. Quantum dots of CdSe are made using two organic solvents that differ in boiling points-hexane (a low-boiling solvent with a boiling point of 69 °C) and 1-octadecene (a high-boiling solvent with a boiling point of 315 °C). This work aims to test whether the type of solvent used to obtain quantum dots affects the doping capabilities of polymer structures, from which optical fibers can then be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kiczor
- Laboratory of Optical Fibers Technology, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq.5, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Mergo
- Laboratory of Optical Fibers Technology, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq.5, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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4
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Alo A, Lemus JC, Sousa CA, Nagamine G, Padilha LA. Two-photon absorption in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals: a review. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35. [PMID: 37643624 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acf4dc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Large two-photon absorption (2PA) cross-section combined with high emission quantum efficiency and size-tunable bandgap energy has put colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) on the vanguard of nonlinear optical materials. After nearly two decades of intense studies on the nonlinear optical response in quantum-confined semiconductors, this is still a vibrant field, as novel nanomaterials are being developed and new applications are being proposed. In this review, we examine the progress of 2PA research in NCs, highlighting the impact of quantum confinement on the magnitude and spectral characteristics of this nonlinear response in semiconductor materials. We show that for NCs with three-dimensional quantum confinement, the so-called quantum dots, 2PA cross-section grows linearly with the nanoparticle volume, following a universal volume scaling. We overview strategies used to gain further control over the nonlinear optical response in these structures by shape and heterostructure engineering and some applications that might take advantage of the series of unique properties of these nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Alo
- Instituto de Fisica 'Gleb Wataghin', Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, PO Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonathan C Lemus
- Instituto de Fisica 'Gleb Wataghin', Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, PO Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudevan A Sousa
- Instituto de Fisica 'Gleb Wataghin', Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, PO Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Nagamine
- Instituto de Fisica 'Gleb Wataghin', Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, PO Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lazaro A Padilha
- Instituto de Fisica 'Gleb Wataghin', Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, PO Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Alo A, Barros LWT, Nagamine G, Lemus JC, Planelles J, Movilla JL, Climente JI, Lee HJ, Bae WK, Padilha LA. Beyond Universal Volume Scaling: Tailoring Two-Photon Absorption in Nanomaterials by Heterostructure Design. Nano Lett 2023; 23:7180-7187. [PMID: 37506366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor nanomaterials present broadband, with large cross-section, two-photon absorption (2PA) spectra, which turn them into an important platform for applications that benefit from a high nonlinear optical response. Despite that, to date, the only means to control the magnitude of the 2PA cross-section is by changing the nanoparticle volume, as it follows a universal volume scale, independent of the material composition. As the emission spectrum is connected utterly to the nanomaterial dimensions, for a given material, the magnitude of the nonlinear optical response is also coupled to the emission spectra. Here, we demonstrate a means to decouple both effects by exploring the 2PA response of different types of heterostructures, tailoring the volume dependence of the 2PA cross-section due to the different dependence of the density of final states on the nanoparticle volume. By heterostructure engineering, one can obtain 1 order of magnitude enhancement of the 2PA cross-section with minimum emission spectra shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Alo
- Instituto de Fisica "Gleb Wataghin", Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo W T Barros
- Instituto de Fisica "Gleb Wataghin", Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Nagamine
- Instituto de Fisica "Gleb Wataghin", Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonathan C Lemus
- Instituto de Fisica "Gleb Wataghin", Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Josep Planelles
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, 12080, Castelló, Spain
| | - José L Movilla
- Departament d'Educació i Didàctiques Específiques, Universitat Jaume I, 12080, Castelló, Spain
| | - Juan I Climente
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, 12080, Castelló, Spain
| | - Hak June Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Ki Bae
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Lazaro A Padilha
- Instituto de Fisica "Gleb Wataghin", Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6165, 13083-859 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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6
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McDowell LL, Rastkar Mirzaei M, Shi Z. Epitaxial CdSe/PbSe Heterojunction Growth and MWIR Photovoltaic Detector. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1866. [PMID: 36902982 PMCID: PMC10004645 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel Epitaxial Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) on Lead Selenide (PbSe) type-II heterojunction photovoltaic detector has been demonstrated by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) growth of n-type CdSe on p-type PbSe single crystalline film. The use of Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED) during the nucleation and growth of CdSe indicates high-quality single-phase cubic CdSe. This is a first-time demonstration of single crystalline and single phase CdSe growth on single crystalline PbSe, to the best of our knowledge. The current-voltage characteristic indicates a p-n junction diode with a rectifying factor over 50 at room temperature. The detector structure is characterized by radiometric measurement. A 30 μm × 30 μm pixel achieved a peak responsivity of 0.06 A/W and a specific detectivity (D*) of 6.5 × 108 Jones under a zero bias photovoltaic operation. With decreasing temperature, the optical signal increased by almost an order of magnitude as it approached 230 K (with thermoelectric cooling) while maintaining a similar level of noise, achieving a responsivity of 0.441 A/W and a D* of 4.4 × 109 Jones at 230 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance L. McDowell
- Correspondence: (L.L.M.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +1-7132084517 (L.L.M.); +1-4053254292 (Z.S.)
| | | | - Zhisheng Shi
- Correspondence: (L.L.M.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +1-7132084517 (L.L.M.); +1-4053254292 (Z.S.)
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7
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Yuan M, Hu H, Wang Y, Xia H, Zhang X, Wang B, He Z, Yu M, Tan Y, Shi Z, Li K, Yang X, Yang J, Li M, Chen X, Hu L, Peng X, He J, Chen C, Lan X, Tang J. Cation-Exchange Enables In Situ Preparation of PbSe Quantum Dot Ink for High Performance Solar Cells. Small 2022; 18:e2205356. [PMID: 36251788 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lead selenide (PbSe) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. To date, PbSe CQDs capped by halide ligands exhibit improved stability and solar cells using these CQDs as active layers have reported a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 10%. However, PbSe CQDs are more prone to oxidation, requiring delicate control over their processability and compromising their applications. Herein, an efficient strategy that addresses this issue by an in situ cation-exchange process is reported. This is achieved by a two-phase ligand exchange process where PbI2 serves as both a passivating ligand and cation-source inducing transformation of CdSe to PbSe. The defect density and carrier lifetime of PbSe CQD films are improved to 1.05 × 1016 cm-3 and 12.2 ns, whereas the traditional PbSe CQD films possess 1.9 × 1016 cm-3 defect density and 10.2 ns carrier lifetime. These improvements are translated into an enhancement of photovoltaic performance of PbSe solar cells, with a PCE of up to 11.6%, ≈10% higher than the previous record. Notably, the approach enables greatly improved stability and a two-month stability is successfully demonstrated. This strategy is expected to promote the fast development of PbSe CQD applications in low-cost and high-performance optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Huicheng Hu
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ya Wang
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hang Xia
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xingchen Zhang
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang He
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Mengxuan Yu
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yun Tan
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhaorong Shi
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Kanghua Li
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xuke Yang
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ji Yang
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Liuyong Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Jungang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xinzheng Lan
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Tang
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
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Golovatenko AA, Kalitukha IV, Dimitriev GS, Sapega VF, Rakhlin MV, Galimov AI, Shubina TV, Shornikova EV, Qiang G, Yakovlev DR, Bayer M, Biermann A, Hoffmann A, Aubert T, Hens Z, Rodina AV. A Comparative Study of the Band-Edge Exciton Fine Structure in Zinc Blende and Wurtzite CdSe Nanocrystals. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:4269. [PMID: 36500892 PMCID: PMC9736692 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we studied the role of the crystal structure in spheroidal CdSe nanocrystals on the band-edge exciton fine structure. Ensembles of zinc blende and wurtzite CdSe nanocrystals are investigated experimentally by two optical techniques: fluorescence line narrowing (FLN) and time-resolved photoluminescence. We argue that the zero-phonon line evaluated by the FLN technique gives the ensemble-averaged energy splitting between the lowest bright and dark exciton states, while the activation energy from the temperature-dependent photoluminescence decay is smaller and corresponds to the energy of an acoustic phonon. The energy splittings between the bright and dark exciton states determined using the FLN technique are found to be the same for zinc blende and wurtzite CdSe nanocrystals. Within the effective mass approximation, we develop a theoretical model considering the following factors: (i) influence of the nanocrystal shape on the bright-dark exciton splitting and the oscillator strength of the bright exciton, and (ii) shape dispersion in the ensemble of the nanocrystals. We show that these two factors result in similar calculated zero-phonon lines in zinc blende and wurtzite CdSe nanocrystals. The account of the nanocrystals shape dispersion allows us to evaluate the linewidth of the zero-phonon line.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ina V. Kalitukha
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Victor F. Sapega
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim V. Rakhlin
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aidar I. Galimov
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Shubina
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena V. Shornikova
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gang Qiang
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R. Yakovlev
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Amelie Biermann
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universitat Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universitat Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tangi Aubert
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna V. Rodina
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
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9
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Shalvey T, Bagshaw H, Major JD. Interrelation of the CdTe Grain Size, Postgrowth Processing, and Window Layer Selection on Solar Cell Performance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:42188-42207. [PMID: 36084172 PMCID: PMC9501911 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent improvements to the CdTe solar cell device structure have focused on replacing the CdS window layer with a more transparent material to reduce parasitic absorption and increase Jsc, as well as incorporating selenium into the absorber layer to achieve a graded band gap. However, altering the CdTe device structure is nontrivial due to the interdependent nature of device processing steps. The choice of the window layer influences the grain structure of the CdTe layer, which in turn can affect the chloride treatment, which itself may contribute to intermixing between the window and absorber layers. This work studies three different device architectures in parallel, allowing for an in-depth comparison of processing conditions for CdTe solar cells grown on CdS, SnO2, and CdSe. Direct replacement of the CdS window layer with a wider band gap SnO2 layer is hindered by poor growth of the absorber, producing highly strained CdTe films and a weak junction. This is alleviated by inserting a CdSe layer between the SnO2 and CdTe, which improves the growth of CdTe and results in a graded CdSexTe1-x absorber layer. For each substrate, the CdTe deposition rate and postgrowth chloride treatment are systematically varied, highlighting the distinct processing requirements of each device structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas
P. Shalvey
- Stephenson
Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K.
| | - Heath Bagshaw
- SEM
Shared Research Facility, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, U.K.
| | - Jonathan D. Major
- Stephenson
Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K.
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10
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Li J, Zheng H, Zheng Z, Rong H, Zeng Z, Zeng H. Synthesis of CdSe and CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots with Tunable Crystal Structure and Photoluminescent Properties. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:2969. [PMID: 36080006 PMCID: PMC9457710 DOI: 10.3390/nano12172969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mastery over the structure of nanocrystals is a powerful tool for the control of their fluorescence properties and to broaden the range of their applications. In this work, the crystalline structure of CdSe can be tuned by the precursor concentration and the dosage of tributyl phosphine, which is verified by XRD, photoluminescence and UV-vis spectra, TEM observations, and time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technology. Using a TBP-assisted thermal-cycling technique coupled with the single precursor method, core-shell QDs with different shell thicknesses were then prepared. The addition of TBP improves the isotropic growth of the shell, resulting in a high QY value, up to 91.4%, and a single-channel decay characteristic of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots. This work not only provides a facile synthesis route to precisely control the core-shell structures and fluorescence properties of CdSe nanocrystals but also builds a link between ligand chemistry and crystal growth theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Li
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Haixin Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Ziming Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Haibo Rong
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- School of Light Industry and Materials, Guangdong Polytechnic, Foshan 528041, China
| | - Zhidong Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
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11
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Shornikova EV, Yakovlev DR, Gippius NA, Qiang G, Dubertret B, Khan AH, Di Giacomo A, Moreels I, Bayer M. Exciton Binding Energy in CdSe Nanoplatelets Measured by One- and Two-Photon Absorption. Nano Lett 2021; 21:10525-10531. [PMID: 34874734 PMCID: PMC8886564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets exhibit strong quantum confinement for electrons and holes as well as excitons in one dimension, while their in-plane motion is free. Because of the large dielectric contrast between the semiconductor and its ligand environment, the Coulomb interaction between electrons and holes is strongly enhanced. By means of one- and two-photon photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, we measure the energies of the 1S and 1P exciton states in CdSe nanoplatelets with thicknesses varied from 3 up to 7 monolayers. By comparison with calculations, performed in the effective mass approximation with account of the dielectric enhancement, we evaluate exciton binding energies of 195-315 meV, which is about 20 times greater than that in bulk CdSe. Our calculations of the effective Coulomb potential for very thin nanoplatelets are close to the Rytova-Keldysh model, and the exciton binding energies are comparable with the values reported for monolayer-thick transition metal dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Shornikova
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R. Yakovlev
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe
Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194 021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Gang Qiang
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Benoit Dubertret
- Laboratoire
de Physique et d’Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI, CNRS, 75231 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Iwan Moreels
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe
Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194 021 St. Petersburg, Russia
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12
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Li J, Zhao J, Ma C, Yu Z, Zhu H, Yun L, Meng Q. Visible-Light-Driven Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes Using Water-Soluble CdSe Quantum Dots. ChemSusChem 2021; 14:4985-4992. [PMID: 34494393 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds is an important chemical reaction, which is a popular reaction in the photocatalytic field. However, high catalyst-loading and low turnover number (TON) are general shortcomings in reported visible-light-driven reactions. Herein, the direct oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds through water-soluble CdSe quantum dots (QDs) is described under visible-light irradiation at room temperature with high TON (up to 3.7×104 ). Under the same conditions, water-soluble CdSe QDs could also oxidize sulfides to sulfoxides with 51-84 % yields and TONs up to 3.4×104 . The key features of this photocatalytic protocol include high TONs, wide substrates scope, low catalyst loadings, simple and mild reaction conditions, and molecular O2 as the oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jingnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Cunfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zongyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315016, P. R. China
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13
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Cai Q, Wu D, Li H, Jie G, Zhou H. Versatile photoelectrochemical and electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on 3D CdSe QDs-DNA nanonetwork-SnO 2 nanoflower coupled with DNA walker amplification for HIV detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 191:113455. [PMID: 34175650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel 3D CdSe quantum dots (QDs)-DNA nanonetwork was assembled to sensitize the mesoporous SnO2 photoelectrochemical (PEC) substrate, which was coupled with a biped-DNA walker multiple amplification technique to design a versatile electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and PEC biosensor for dual detection of HIV. Firstly, the photosensitive CdSe QDs and SnO2 nanoflowers have well-matched band-edge energy level, thus their complex can promote effective transfer of the photogenerated carriers, and show better PEC and ECL property. Then, a novel 3D CdSe QDs-DNA nanonetwork was assembled and loaded with a large amount of QDs, which was used as multifunctional PEC and ECL probes. Moreover, the target-triggered biped DNA walker-cascade amplification method was introduced to generate a large amount of output DNA, which was used to link numerous 3D CdSe QDs-DNA nanonetwork probes to the electrode, generating greatly amplified signals for sensitive assay of HIV. The highly photosensitive 3D CdSe QDs-DNA reticulated nanomaterials have high stability and controllability, and display significantly improved PEC and ECL signals of the biosensor. This method opened a new photoelectric nanocomposite of QDs-sensitized SnO2 nanoflower, and developed a versatile biosensing strategy using the 3D CdSe QDS DNA sensitization probes for ultra-sensitive detection of biomolecules, which is important for the early diagnosis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China
| | - Hongkun Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China
| | - Guifen Jie
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
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14
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Corredor J, Harankahage D, Gloaguen F, Rivero MJ, Zamkov M, Ortiz I. Influence of QD photosensitizers in the photocatalytic production of hydrogen with biomimetic [FeFe]-hydrogenase. Comparative performance of CdSe and CdTe. Chemosphere 2021; 278:130485. [PMID: 33839391 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic systems comprising a hydrogenase-type catalyst and CdX (X = S, Se, Te) chalcogenide quantum dot (QD) photosensitizers show extraordinary hydrogen production rates under visible light excitation. What remains unknown is the mechanism of energy conversion in these systems. Here, we have explored this question by comparing the performance of two QD sensitizers, CdSe and CdTe, in photocatalytic systems featuring aqueous suspensions of a [Fe2 (μ-1,2-benzenedithiolate) CO6] catalyst and an ascorbic acid sacrificial agent. Overall, the hydrogen production yield for CdSe-sensitized reactions QDs was found to be 13 times greater than that of CdTe counterparts. According to emission quenching experiments, an enhanced performance of CdSe sensitizers reflected a greater rate of electron transfer from the ascorbic acid (kAsc). The observed difference in the QD-ascorbic acid charge transfer rates between the two QD materials was consistent with respective driving forces for these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Corredor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. de Los Castros S/n, 39005, Santander, Spain
| | - Dulanjan Harankahage
- Department of Physics and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43043, USA
| | - Frederic Gloaguen
- UMR 6521, CNRS, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837, 29238, Brest, France
| | - Maria J Rivero
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. de Los Castros S/n, 39005, Santander, Spain
| | - Mikhail Zamkov
- Department of Physics and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43043, USA
| | - Inmaculada Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. de Los Castros S/n, 39005, Santander, Spain.
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15
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Bootharaju MS, Baek W, Lee S, Chang H, Kim J, Hyeon T. Magic-Sized Stoichiometric II-VI Nanoclusters. Small 2021; 17:e2002067. [PMID: 33164322 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Metal chalcogenide nanomaterials have gained widespread interest in the past two decades for their potential optoelectronic, energy, and catalytic applications. The colloidal growth of various forms of these materials, such as nanowires, platelets, and lamellar assemblies, proceeds through certain thermodynamically stable, ultrasmall (<2 nm) intermediates called magic-sized nanoclusters (MSCs). Due to quantum confinement and its resultant intriguing properties, isolation or direct synthesis of MSCs and their structure characterization, which is very much challenging, are current topics of fundamental and applied scientific research. By comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationships in MSCs, the nucleation and growth processes can be manipulated, resulting in the synthesis of novel metal chalcogenide materials for various applications. This review focuses on recent advances in the chemical synthesis, characterization, and theoretical calculations of CdSe and its related II-VI nanoclusters. It highlights the studies of photophysical and magneto-optical properties as well as heteroatom doping of MSCs followed by their chemical transformation to high-dimensional nanostructures. At the end of the review, future directions and possible ways to overcome the challenges in the research of semiconductor MSCs are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megalamane S Bootharaju
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woonhyuk Baek
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogeun Chang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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16
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Inbanathan FPN, Kumar P, Dasari K, Katiyar RS, Chen J, Jadwisienczak WM. Ellipsometry Study of CdSe Thin Films Deposited by PLD on ITO Coated Glass Substrates. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14123307. [PMID: 34203798 PMCID: PMC8232614 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium selenide (CdSe) thin films were deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique under different growth temperatures. Samples were investigated for their structural, morphological, and optical properties through X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy. AFM analysis revealed that the surface roughness of the as-grown CdSe thin films increased with the increase in deposition temperature. The optical constants and film thickness were obtained from spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis and are discussed in detail. The optical band gap of the as-grown CdSe thin films, calculated from the Tauc plot analysis, matched with the ellipsometry measurements, with a band gap of ~1.71 eV for a growth temperature range of 150 °C to 400 °C. The CdSe thin films were found to have a refractive index of ~3.0 and extinction coefficient of ~1.0, making it a suitable candidate for photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia P. N. Inbanathan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
- Correspondence: (F.P.N.I.); (K.D.)
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Physics, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, Uttarakand 249404, India;
| | - Kiran Dasari
- Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA;
- Correspondence: (F.P.N.I.); (K.D.)
| | - Ram S. Katiyar
- Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA;
| | - Jixin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
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17
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Zhong X, Zhang M, Guo L, Xie Y, Luo R, Chen W, Cheng F, Wang L. A dual-signal self-checking photoelectrochemical immunosensor based on the sole composite of MIL-101(Cr) and CdSe quantum dots for the detection of α-fetoprotein. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 189:113389. [PMID: 34091283 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Designing a photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor that can produce dual photocurrent signals which can refer to each other is a great importance but a big challenge. In this manuscript, a novel dual photocurrent signals immunosensor was constructed for the detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP). Unlike the usual method of using two composite materials to provide cathode and anode photocurrent respectively, this work applies only one compound of MIL-101 (Cr) and CdSe quantum dots (QDs). Thereinto, we found that the photocurrent polarity of MIL-101(Cr) would switch by adjusting applied voltage. And then CdSe QDs was introduced by simple ultrasound mixing to boost the dual photocurrent signals. Furthermore, in the composite of M&C, the electron transfer path between MIL-101(Cr) and CdSe QDs may switch between "Z-type" and "Ⅱ-type" by adjusting voltage. Benefiting by the dual signals, the proposed sensor can not only perform sensitively quantitative detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP), but also can intuitively estimate the accuracy and reliability of the test result by determining whether the corresponding relationship of "cathode photocurrent-analyte concentration-anode photocurrent" is established. The linear ranges of the sensing electrodes as cathode and anode are the same, both from 0.1 to 300 ng mL-1. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.082 ng mL-1 (S/N = 3) when it used as an anode, and the LOD is 0.054 ng mL-1 (S/N = 3) when it served as cathode. Furthermore, this sensor showed acceptable stability, reproducibility, specificity, and feasibility of detecting AFP in human serum, which has broad development prospects in the early clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhong
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, PR China.
| | - Lu'an Guo
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Yongze Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, PR China
| | - Renfeng Luo
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Wenxue Chen
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Faliang Cheng
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, PR China.
| | - Lishi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, PR China.
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18
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Hussain S, Iqbal M, Khan AA, Khan MN, Mehboob G, Ajmal S, Ashfaq JM, Mehboob G, Ahmed MS, Khisro SN, Li CJ, Chikwenze R, Ezugwu S. Fabrication of Nanostructured Cadmium Selenide Thin Films for Optoelectronics Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:661723. [PMID: 33898395 PMCID: PMC8058377 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.661723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is lot of research work at enhancing the performance of energy conversion and energy storage devices such as solar cells, supercapacitors, and batteries. In this regard, the low bandgap and a high absorption coefficient of CdSe thin films in the visible region, as well as, the low electrical resistivity make them ideal for the next generation of chalcogenide-based photovoltaic and electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, we present the properties of CdSe thin films synthesized at temperatures (below 100°C using readily available precursors) that are reproducible, efficient and economical. The samples were characterized using XRD, FTIR, RBS, UV-vis spectroscopy. Annealed samples showed crystalline cubic structure along (111) preferential direction with the grain size of the nanostructures increasing from 2.23 to 4.13 nm with increasing annealing temperatures. The optical properties of the samples indicate a small shift in the bandgap energy, from 2.20 to 2.12 eV with a decreasing deposition temperature. The band gap is suitably located in the visible solar energy region, which make these CdSe thin films ideal for solar energy harvesting. It also has potential to be used in electrochemical energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnwaz Hussain
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mazhar Iqbal
- Department of Physics, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Arif Khan
- Department of Physics, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nasir Khan
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory (CDL), Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghazanfar Mehboob
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sohaib Ajmal
- Department of Physics, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - J M Ashfaq
- Department of Physics, University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, Pakistan
| | - Gohar Mehboob
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Shafiq Ahmed
- Department of Physics, University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, Pakistan
| | - Said Nasir Khisro
- Department of Physics, University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, Pakistan
| | - Chang-Jiu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Raphael Chikwenze
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Sabastine Ezugwu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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19
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Rakhlin M, Sorokin S, Kazanov D, Sedova I, Shubina T, Ivanov S, Mikhailovskii V, Toropov A. Bright Single-Photon Emitters with a CdSe Quantum Dot and Multimode Tapered Nanoantenna for the Visible Spectral Range. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:916. [PMID: 33916804 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report on single photon emitters for the green-yellow spectral range, which comprise a CdSe/ZnSe quantum dot placed inside a semiconductor tapered nanocolumn acting as a multimode nanoantenna. Despite the presence of many optical modes inside, such a nanoantenna is able to collect the quantum dot radiation and ensure its effective output. We demonstrate periodic arrays of such emitters, which are fabricated by focused ion beam etching from a II-VI/III-V heterostructure grown using molecular beam epitaxy. With non-resonant optical pumping, the average count rate of emitted single photons exceeds 5 MHz with the second-order correlation function g(2)(0) = 0.25 at 220 K. Such single photon emitters are promising for secure free space optical communication lines.
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20
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Abstract
By combining colloidal nanocrystal synthesis, self-assembly, and solution phase epitaxial growth techniques, we developed a general method for preparing single dot thick atomically attached quantum dot (QD) superlattices with high-quality translational and crystallographic orientational order along with state-of-the-art uniformity in the attachment thickness. The procedure begins with colloidal synthesis of hexagonal prism shaped core/shell QDs (e.g., CdSe/CdS), followed by liquid subphase self-assembly and immobilization of superlattices on a substrate. Solution phase epitaxial growth of additional semiconductor material fills in the voids between the particles, resulting in a QD-in-matrix structure. The photoluminescence emission spectra of the QD-in-matrix structure retains characteristic 0D electronic confinement. Importantly, annealing of the resulting structures removes inhomogeneities in the QD-QD inorganic bridges, which our atomistic electronic structure calculations demonstrate would otherwise lead to Anderson-type localization. The piecewise nature of this procedure allows one to independently tune the size and material of the QD core, shell, QD-QD distance, and the matrix material. These four choices can be tuned to control many properties (degree of quantum confinement, quantum coupling, band alignments, etc.) depending on the specific applications. Finally, cation exchange reactions can be performed on the final QD-in-matrix, as demonstrated herein with a CdSe/CdS to HgSe/HgS conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Ondry
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John P Philbin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael Lostica
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eran Rabani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 69978
| | - A Paul Alivisatos
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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21
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Jäger M, Schäfer R. Variation of the optical properties with size and composition of small, isolated Cd x Se y + clusters. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:303-309. [PMID: 33300611 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Global energy minimum structures and optoelectronic properties are presented for isolated Cdx Sey + clusters with x + y ≤ 26. The compositional- and size-dependent variation of optical, electronic and geometric properties is systematically studied within the framework of ground state and time-dependent density functional theory. The applied methods are justified by benchmarks with experimental data. It is shown that the optical gap can be tuned by more than 2 eV by only changing the composition for a fixed number of atoms. The stoichiometric species reveal an unexpected size-dependent behavior in comparison to larger colloidal CdSe quantum dots, that is, a redshift of the optical gap was observed with decreasing cluster size in contrast to predictions by quantum-size effects. This unexpected result is discussed in detail taking the positive charge of the clusters into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Jäger
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Rolf Schäfer
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Darmstadt, Germany
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22
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Li C, Chen S, Gao X, Zhang W, Wang Y. Fabrication, characterization and photoelectrochemical properties of CdS/ CdSe nanofilm co-sensitized ZnO nanorod arrays on Zn foil substrate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 588:269-282. [PMID: 33412350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of ZnO is restricted by its low light absorption ability and high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers. In order to overcome these drawbacks, ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures are prepared on Zn foil substrate using facile three-step methods containing hydrothermal growth, successive ionic layer adsorption reaction (SILAR) and modified chemical bath deposition (CBD). The effects of process parameters containing the number of SILAR cycles of CdS, sensitization sequence of CdS and CdSe, and precursors of CdSe on PEC performance of ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures, and ZnO NRAs on PEC performance of CdS/CdSe co-sensitizer have been scrutinized. Through CdS and CdSe co-sensitization, a layer of CdS/CdSe nanofilm is conformally deposited on ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both the visible-light absorption ability and separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers of ZnO NRAs are significantly enhanced evidenced by UV-vis diffuse reflectance absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra and electrochemical impedance spectra. Due to the synergistic effect of ZnO NRAs and CdS/CdSe co-sensitizer, the ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures with five SILAR cycles and one modified CBD cycle (ZnO-CdS5-CdSe) show efficient PEC properties with photocurrent density of 6.244 mA/cm2 at -0.2 V vs Ag/AgCl under light illumination of 100 mW/cm2, which are 57.28 and 4.73 times higher than those of pristine ZnO NRAs and CdS/CdSe clusters, respectively. Moreover, the photoconversion efficiency and incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of the ZnO-CdS5-CdSe photoanode reach 4.381% and 80.92%, respectively. The heterostructures based on Zn foil substrate in this study can be a promising candidate for practical PEC application and other applications such as photocatalytic degradation and solar cell due to its low manufacturing cost, large-scale production and efficient PEC ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shangrong Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiangxiang Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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23
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Nanda SS, Kim M, Yoo SJ, Papaefthymiou GC, Yi DK. Monolayer Quantum-Dot Based Light-Sensor by a Photo-Electrochemical Mechanism. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:E817. [PMID: 32872368 PMCID: PMC7570193 DOI: 10.3390/mi11090817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Monolayer nanocrystal-based light sensors with cadmium-selenium thin film electrodes have been investigated using electrochemical cyclic voltammetry tests. An indium tin oxide electrode system, with a monolayer of homogeneously deposited cadmium-selenium quantum dots was proven to work as a photo-sensor via an electrochemical cell mechanism; it was possible to tune current densities under light illumination. Electrochemical tests on a quantum dot capacitor, using different sized (red, yellow and green) cadmium-selenium quantum dots on indium tin oxide substrates, showed typical capacitive behavior of cyclic voltammetry curves in 2M H2SO4 aqueous solutions. This arrangement provides a beneficial effect in, both, charge separation and light sensory characteristics. Importantly, the photocurrent density depended on quantum yield rendering tunable photo-sensing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitansu Sekhar Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin-si 17058, Korea; (S.S.N.); (M.K.)
| | - Minjik Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin-si 17058, Korea; (S.S.N.); (M.K.)
| | - Sung Jong Yoo
- Center for Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro, 14-gil, Seoul 02792, Korea;
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | | | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin-si 17058, Korea; (S.S.N.); (M.K.)
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24
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Baines T, Bowen L, Mendis BG, Major JD. Microscopic Analysis of Interdiffusion and Void Formation in CdTe (1-x)Se x and CdTe Layers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:38070-38075. [PMID: 32804480 PMCID: PMC7458358 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of CdSe layers has recently emerged as a route to improving CdTe photovoltaics through the formation of a CdTe(1-x)Sex (CST) phase. However, the extent of the Se diffusion and the influence it has on the CdTe grain structure has not been widely investigated. In this study, we used transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to investigate the impact of growing CdTe layers on three different window layer structures CdS, CdSe, and CdS/CdSe. We demonstrate that extensive intermixing occurs between CdS, CdSe, and CdTe layers resulting in large voids forming at the front interface, which will degrade device performance. The use of CdS/CdSe bilayer structures leads to the formation of a parasitic CdS(1-x)Sex phase. Following removal of CdS from the cell structure, effective CdTe and CdSe intermixing was achieved. However, the use of sputtered CdSe had limited success in producing Se grading in CST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Baines
- Department
of Physics, Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K.
| | - Leon Bowen
- GJ
Russell Microscopy Facility, Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K.
| | - Budhika G. Mendis
- GJ
Russell Microscopy Facility, Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K.
| | - Jonathan D. Major
- Department
of Physics, Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K.
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25
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Chang WJ, Park KY, Zhu Y, Wolverton C, Hersam MC, Weiss EA. n-Doping of Quantum Dots by Lithium Ion Intercalation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:36523-36529. [PMID: 32666788 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are controllable through introduction of excess electrons or holes into their delocalized bands. Crucial to robust and energy-efficient electronic doping of QDs is suitable charge compensation. Compensation by surface modification and substitutional impurities are however not sufficiently controllable to enable effective doping of QDs. This article describes electrochemical n-type doping of CdSe QDs where injected electrons are compensated by interstitial Li+ to form LixCdSe, x ≤ 0.3. n-type degenerate doping reversibly decreases absorption into the lowest-energy excitonic state of the QD, activates intraband optical transitions, and shifts the photoluminescence of the QD to higher energy. This work establishes electrochemical interstitial doping as a reversible and highly controllable method for tuning the optical properties of colloidal QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Je Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Kyu-Young Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Yizhou Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Christopher Wolverton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Emily A Weiss
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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26
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Santos Andrade T, Keramidas A, Lianos P. Use of Chalcogenide-Semiconductor-Sensitized Titania to Directly Charge a Vanadium Redox Battery. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10061137. [PMID: 32526989 PMCID: PMC7353278 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Unmediated charging of a battery using solar radiation is a very attractive project of solar energy conversion and storage. In the present work, solar energy was converted into electricity using a photocatalytic fuel cell operating with a chalcogenide-semiconductor-sensitized nanoparticulate titania photoanode and an air-cathode functioning by oxygen reduction. This cell produced sufficient energy to directly charge a vanadium redox battery functioning with a VOSO4 electrolyte and carbon paper electrodes. The whole system is characterized by ease of construction and simplicity of conception; therefore, it satisfies conditions for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Panagiotis Lianos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece;
- Correspondence:
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27
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Wang Z, Nguyen TD, Yeo LP, Tan CK, Gan L, Tok AIY. Periodic FTO IOs/CdS NRs/ CdSe Clusters with Superior Light Scattering Ability for Improved Photoelectrochemical Performance. Small 2020; 16:e1905826. [PMID: 31916682 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Periodic fluorine-doped tin oxide inverse opals (FTO IOs) grafted with CdS nanorods (NRs) and CdSe clusters are reported for improved photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. This hierarchical photoanode is fabricated by a combination of dip-coating, hydrothermal reaction, and chemical bath deposition. The growth of 1D CdS NRs on the periodic walls of 3D FTO IOs forms a unique 3D/1D hierarchical structure, providing a sizeable specific surface area for the loading of CdSe clusters. Significantly, the periodic FTO IOs enable uniform light scattering while the abundant surrounded CdS NRs induce additional random light scattering, combining to give multiple light scattering within the complete hierarchical structure, significantly improving light-harvesting of CdS NRs and CdSe clusters. The high electron collection ability of FTO IOs and the CdS/CdSe heterojunction formation also contribute to the enhanced charge transport and separation. Due to the incorporation of these enhancement strategies in one hierarchical structure, FTO IOs/CdS NRs/CdSe clusters present an improved PEC performance. The photocurrent density of FTO IOs/CdS NRs/CdSe clusters at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode reaches 9.2 mA cm-2 , which is 1.43 times greater than that of CdS NRs/CdSe clusters and 3.83 times of CdS NRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Tam Duy Nguyen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Loo Pin Yeo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chiew Kei Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lin Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Alfred Iing Yoong Tok
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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28
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Kudlacik D, Sapega VF, Yakovlev DR, Kalitukha IV, Shornikova EV, Rodina AV, Ivchenko EL, Dimitriev GS, Nasilowski M, Dubertret B, Bayer M. Single and Double Electron Spin-Flip Raman Scattering in CdSe Colloidal Nanoplatelets. Nano Lett 2020; 20:517-525. [PMID: 31825228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CdSe colloidal nanoplatelets are studied by spin-flip Raman scattering in magnetic fields up to 5 T. We find pronounced Raman lines shifted from the excitation laser energy by an electron Zeeman splitting. Their polarization selection rules correspond to those expected for scattering mediated by excitons interacting with resident electrons. Surprisingly, Raman signals shifted by twice the electron Zeeman splitting are also observed. The theoretical analysis and experimental dependences show that the mechanism responsible for the double flip involves two resident electrons interacting with a photoexcited exciton. Effects related to various orientations of the nanoplatelets in the ensemble and different orientations of the magnetic field are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Kudlacik
- Experimentelle Physik 2 , Technische Universität Dortmund , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Victor F Sapega
- Ioffe Institute , Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2 , Technische Universität Dortmund , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
- Ioffe Institute , Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Ina V Kalitukha
- Ioffe Institute , Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Elena V Shornikova
- Experimentelle Physik 2 , Technische Universität Dortmund , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Anna V Rodina
- Ioffe Institute , Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg , Russia
| | | | | | - Michel Nasilowski
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux , ESPCI, CNRS , 75231 Paris , France
| | - Benoit Dubertret
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux , ESPCI, CNRS , 75231 Paris , France
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2 , Technische Universität Dortmund , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
- Ioffe Institute , Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg , Russia
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29
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Santos Andrade T, Papagiannis I, Dracopoulos V, César Pereira M, Lianos P. Visible-Light Activated Titania and Its Application to Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12244238. [PMID: 31861190 PMCID: PMC6947256 DOI: 10.3390/ma12244238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical cells have been constructed with photoanodes based on mesoporous titania deposited on transparent electrodes and sensitized in the Visible by nanoparticulate CdS or CdS combined with CdSe. The cathode electrode was an air–breathing carbon cloth carrying nanoparticulate carbon. These cells functioned in the Photo Fuel Cell mode, i.e., without bias, simply by shining light on the photoanode. The cathode functionality was governed by a two-electron oxygen reduction, which led to formation of hydrogen peroxide. Thus, these devices were employed for photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production. Two-compartment cells have been used, carrying different electrolytes in the photoanode and cathode compartments. Hydrogen peroxide production has been monitored by using various electrolytes in the cathode compartment. In the presence of NaHCO3, the Faradaic efficiency for hydrogen peroxide production exceeded 100% due to a catalytic effect induced by this electrolyte. Photocurrent has been generated by either a CdS/TiO2 or a CdSe/CdS/TiO2 combination, both functioning in the presence of sacrificial agents. Thus, in the first case ethanol was used as fuel, while in the second case a mixture of Na2S with Na2SO3 has been employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Santos Andrade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece; (T.S.A.); (I.P.)
- Institute of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Campus Mucuri, 39803–371 Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Ioannis Papagiannis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece; (T.S.A.); (I.P.)
| | | | - Márcio César Pereira
- Institute of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Campus Mucuri, 39803–371 Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Panagiotis Lianos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece; (T.S.A.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2610-997513
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30
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Ondry JC, Philbin JP, Lostica M, Rabani E, Alivisatos AP. Resilient Pathways to Atomic Attachment of Quantum Dot Dimers and Artificial Solids from Faceted CdSe Quantum Dot Building Blocks. ACS Nano 2019; 13:12322-12344. [PMID: 31246407 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work is to identify favored pathways for preparation of defect-resilient attached wurtzite CdX (X = S, Se, Te) nanocrystals. We seek guidelines for oriented attachment of faceted nanocrystals that are most likely to yield pairs of nanocrystals with either few or no electronic defects or electronic defects that are in and of themselves desirable and stable. Using a combination of in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and electronic structure calculations, we evaluate the relative merits of atomic attachment of wurtzite CdSe nanocrystals on the {11̅00} or {112̅0} family of facets. Pairwise attachment on either facet can lead to perfect interfaces, provided the nanocrystal facets are perfectly flat and the angles between the nanocrystals can adjust during the assembly. Considering defective attachment, we observe for {11̅00} facet attachment that only one type of edge dislocation forms, creating deep hole traps. For {112̅0} facet attachment, we observe that four distinct types of extended defects form, some of which lead to deep hole traps whereas others only to shallow hole traps. HRTEM movies of the dislocation dynamics show that dislocations at {11̅00} interfaces can be removed, albeit slowly. Whereas only some extended defects at {112̅0} interfaces could be removed, others were trapped at the interface. Based on these insights, we identify the most resilient pathways to atomic attachment of pairs of wurtzite CdX nanocrystals and consider how these insights can translate to the creation of electronically useful materials from quantum dots with other crystal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Ondry
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - John P Philbin
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Michael Lostica
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Eran Rabani
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Materials Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978 , Israel
| | - A Paul Alivisatos
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Materials Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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31
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Giurlani W, Dell'Aquila V, Vizza M, Calisi N, Lavacchi A, Irrera A, Lo Faro MJ, Leonardi AA, Morganti D, Innocenti M. Electrodeposition of Nanoparticles and Continuous Film of CdSe on n-Si (100). Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E1504. [PMID: 31652606 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
CdSe electrodeposition on n-Si (100) substrate was investigated in sulfuric acid solution. The behaviour and the deposition of the precursors (Cd and Se) were studied separately at first. Then, we explored both the alternated deposition, one layer by one, as well as the simultaneous co-deposition of the two elements to form the CdSe semiconductor. Varying the deposition conditions, we were able to obtain nanoparticles, or a thin film, on the surface of the electrode. The samples were then characterised microscopically and spectroscopically with SEM, XRD and XPS. Finally, we evaluated the induced photoemission of the deposit for the application in optoelectronics.
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32
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Jin W, Hu L. Review on Quasi One-Dimensional CdSe Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Application in Photodetectors. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9101359. [PMID: 31547484 PMCID: PMC6835265 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
During the past 15 years, quasi one-dimensional (1D) Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) nanomaterials have been widely investigated for high-performance electronic and optoelectronic devices, due to the unique geometrical and physical properties. In this review, recent advancements on diverse synthesis methods of 1D CdSe nanomaterials and the application in photodetectors have been illustrated in detail. First, several bottom-up synthesis methods of 1D CdSe nanomaterials have been introduced, including the vapor-liquid-solid method, the solution-liquid-solid method, and electrochemical deposition, etc. Second, the discussion on photodetectors based on 1D CdSe nanomaterials has been divided into three parts, including photodiodes, photoconductors, and phototransistors. Besides, some new mechanisms (such as enhancement effect of localized surface plasmon, optical quenching effect of photoconductivity, and piezo-phototronic effect), which can be utilized to enhance the performance of photodetectors, have also been elaborated. Finally, some major challenges and opportunities towards the practical integration and application of 1D CdSe nanomaterials in photodetectors have been discussed, which need to be further investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Luodan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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33
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Castro N, Bouet C, Ithurria S, Lequeux N, Constantin D, Levitz P, Pontoni D, Abécassis B. Insights into the Formation Mechanism of CdSe Nanoplatelets Using in Situ X-ray Scattering. Nano Lett 2019; 19:6466-6474. [PMID: 31373504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional ultrathin CdSe nanoplatelets have attracted a large interest due to their optical properties but their formation mechanism is not well understood. Several different mechanisms have been proposed: confined growth in a surfactant mesophase acting as a template, anisotropic ripening of small seeds into 2D nanoplatelets, or continuous anisotropic growth of a limited number of nuclei. However, quantitative in situ data that could validate or disprove these formation scenarios are lacking. We use synchrotron-based small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering to probe the formation mechanism of CdSe nanoplatelets synthesized using a heating-up method. We prove the absence of a molecular mesophase in the reactive medium at the onset of nanoplatelet formation ruling out a templating effect. We also show that our data are inconsistent with the anisotropic ripening of small seeds whereas the evolution of the SAXS patterns during the reaction is consistent with the continuous lateral growth of nanoplatelets fed by reactive monomers. Finally, we show that when the final temperature of the synthesis is lowered, nanoplatelets with larger lateral dimensions form. We reveal that they bend in solution during their growth to yield nanoscrolls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolo Castro
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides , CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91405 Orsay Cedex , France
| | - Cécile Bouet
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University , Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 , Paris , France
| | - Sandrine Ithurria
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University , Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 , Paris , France
| | - Nicolas Lequeux
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University , Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 , Paris , France
| | - Doru Constantin
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides , CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91405 Orsay Cedex , France
| | - Pierre Levitz
- Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX , Sorbonne Université, CNRS , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - Diego Pontoni
- Partnership for Soft Condensed Matter (PSCM), ESRF - The European Synchrotron , 71 Avenue des Martyrs , 38043 Grenoble , France
| | - Benjamin Abécassis
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides , CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91405 Orsay Cedex , France
- Laboratoire de Chimie , CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon , 46 allée d'Italie , 69364 Lyon , France
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34
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Sabatini RP, Bappi G, Bicanic KT, Fan F, Hoogland S, Saidaminov MI, Sagar LK, Voznyy O, Sargent EH. Temperature-Induced Self-Compensating Defect Traps and Gain Thresholds in Colloidal Quantum Dots. ACS Nano 2019; 13:8970-8976. [PMID: 31310518 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Continuous-wave (CW) lasing was recently achieved in colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) by lowering the threshold through the introduction of biaxial strain. However, the CW laser threshold is still much higher than the femtosecond threshold. This must be addressed before electrically injected lasing can be realized. Here we investigate the relationship between threshold and temperature and find a subpicosecond recombination process that proceeds very efficiently at temperatures reached during CW excitation. We combine density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations to explore potential candidates for such a process, and find that crystal defects having thermally vibrating energy levels can become electronic traps-i.e., they can protrude into the bandgap-when they are sufficiently distorted at higher temperatures. We find that biaxially strained CQDs, which have a lower femtosecond laser threshold than traditional CQDs, result in less heat for a given transparency/gain level and thus undergo this trapping to a lower extent. We also propose methods to tailor CQDs to avoid self-compensating defect traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy P Sabatini
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Golam Bappi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Kristopher T Bicanic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Fengjia Fan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Makhsud I Saidaminov
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Laxmi K Sagar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Oleksandr Voznyy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , 10 King's College Road , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
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35
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Cho KH, Heo J, Sung YM, Jain PK. One-Dimensional Cuprous Selenide Nanostructures with Switchable Plasmonic and Super-ionic Phase Attributes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8410-8415. [PMID: 31016822 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cuprous selenide nanocrystals have hallmark attributes, especially tunable localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) and super-ionic behavior. These attributes of cuprous selenide are now integrated with a one-dimensional morphology. Essentially, Cu2 Se nanowires (NWs) of micrometer-scale lengths and about 10 nm diameter are prepared. The NWs exhibit a super-ionic phase that is stable at temperatures lower than in the bulk, owing to compressive lattice strain along the radial dimension of the NWs. The NWs can be switched between oxidized and reduced forms, which have contrasting phase transition and LSPR characteristics. This work thus makes available switchable, one-dimensional waveguides and ion-conducting channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hyun Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jaeyoung Heo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yun-Mo Sung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Prashant K Jain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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36
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Choo S, Ban HW, Gu DH, Jeong H, Jo S, Baek S, Jo W, Son JS. Synthesis of Inorganic-Organic 2D CdSe Slab-Diamine Quantum Nets. Small 2019; 15:e1804426. [PMID: 30624025 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Porous semiconductors attract great interest due to their unique structural characteristics of high surface area as well as their intrinsic optical and electronic properties. In this study, synthesis of inorganic-organic 2D CdSe slabs-diaminooctane (DAO) porous quantum net structures is demonstrated. It is found that the hybrid 2D CdSe-DAO lamellar structures are disintegrated into porous net structures, maintaining an ultrathin thickness of ≈1 nm in CdSe slabs. Furthermore, the CdSe slabs in quantum nets show the highly shifted excitonic transition in the absorption spectrum, demonstrating their strongly confined electronic structures. The possible formation mechanism of this porous structure is investigated with the control experiments of the synthesis using n-alkyldiamines with various hydrocarbon chain lengths and ligand exchange of DAO with oleylamine. It is suggested that a strong van der Waals interaction among long chain DAO may exert strong tensile stress on the CdSe slabs, eventually disintegrating slabs. The thermal decomposition of CdSe-DAO quantum nets is further studied to form well-defined CdSe nanorods. It is believed that the current CdSe-DAO quantum nets will offer a new type of porous semiconductors nanostructures under a strong quantum-confinement regime, which can be applied to various technological areas of catalysts, electronics, and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Choo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Woo Ban
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hwi Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Jeong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungki Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongheon Baek
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Son
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Modal gain coefficient is a key figure of merit for a laser material. Previously, net modal gain coefficients larger than a few thousand cm-1 were achieved in II-VI and III-V semiconductor gain media, but this required operation at cryogenic temperatures. In this work, using pump-fluence-dependent variable-stripe-length measurements, we show that colloidal CdSe nanoplatelets enable giant modal gain coefficients at room temperature up to 6600 cm-1 under pulsed optical excitation. Furthermore, we show that exceptional gain performance is common to the family of CdSe nanoplatelets, as shown by examining samples having different vertical thicknesses and lateral areas. Overall, colloidal II-VI nanoplatelets with superior optical gain properties are promising for a broad range of applications, including high-speed light amplification and loss compensation in plasmonic photonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Guzelturk
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics, UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology , Bilkent University , Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Matthew Pelton
- Department of Physics , University of Maryland, Baltimore County , Baltimore , Maryland 21250 , United States
| | - Murat Olutas
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics, UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology , Bilkent University , Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Department of Physics , Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University , Bolu 14030 , Turkey
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics, UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology , Bilkent University , Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Luminous! Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
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38
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Shi J, Liu L, Xu F, Zhang Y. Improving the Photoresponse Properties of CdSe Quantum Wires by Alignment and Ligand Exchange. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:1192-1200. [PMID: 30565450 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanowires are the ideal building blocks to construct various thin-film electronic and optoelectronic devices, the performance of which is largely determined by their ensemble geometry and surface chemistry in addition to the chemical composition. Here, we report the large-scale and oriented assembly of CdSe nanowires on the basis of a light-induced assembly approach under an external electric field. To further increase the electrical conductivity of nanowire films, the original surface-capping organic ligands are exchanged with small ionic species through a solid-state ligand-exchange process. The resulting surface-modified CdSe nanowire films exhibit markedly enhanced photoresponse properties including high on/off ratios and fast response. This work establishes a simple yet scalable method to fabricate aligned nanowire films with a desired surface chemistry, which can be broadly used in various electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyi Shi
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan 528000 , Guangdong , China
| | - Limin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, and Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Fangjie Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, and Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- High School Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan 528000 , Guangdong , China
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39
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Hasani A, Le QV, Tekalgne M, Guo W, Hong SH, Choi KS, Lee TH, Jang HW, Kim SY. Tungsten Trioxide Doped with CdSe Quantum Dots for Smart Windows. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:43785-43791. [PMID: 30474953 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) provide tunable optoelectronic properties on the basis of their dimension. CdSe QDs, which are size-dependent colloidal nanocrystals, are used for efficient electrochromic devices owing to their unique properties in modulating quantum confinement, resulting in enhanced electron insertion during the electrochromic process. Incorporating a well-known metal oxide electrochromic material such as WO3 into CdSe QDs enhances the redox process. Herein, we propose a facile method for producing and optimizing CdSe QDs doped in WO3. The fabrication of the electrochromic film involves a solution and annealing process. Moreover, the effect of the QD size to optimize the electrochromic layer is studied. As a result, the coloration efficiency of WO3 and optimized CdSe QD-WO3 are obtained as 68.6 and 112.3 cm2/C, respectively. Thus, size-tunable nanocrystal QDs combined with a metal oxide yield high-performance electrochromic devices and are promising candidates for producing smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Hasani
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
| | - Quyet Van Le
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
- Institute of Research and Development , Duy Tan University , Da Nang 550000 , Vietnam
| | - Mahider Tekalgne
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
| | - Wenwu Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Soon Choi
- Advanced Nano-Surface Research Group , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , 169-148, Gwahak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133 , Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
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40
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Achtstein AW, Marquardt O, Scott R, Ibrahim M, Riedl T, Prudnikau AV, Antanovich A, Owschimikow N, Lindner JKN, Artemyev M, Woggon U. Impact of Shell Growth on Recombination Dynamics and Exciton-Phonon Interaction in CdSe-CdS Core-Shell Nanoplatelets. ACS Nano 2018; 12:9476-9483. [PMID: 30192515 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the impact of shell growth on the carrier dynamics and exciton-phonon coupling in CdSe-CdS core-shell nanoplatelets with varying shell thickness. We observe that the recombination dynamics can be prolonged by more than one order of magnitude, and analyze the results in a global rate model as well as with simulations including strain and excitonic effects. We reveal that type I band alignment in the hetero platelets is maintained at least up to three monolayers of CdS, resulting in approximately constant radiative rates. Hence, observed changes of decay dynamics are not the result of an increasingly different electron and hole exciton wave function delocalization as often assumed, but an increasingly better passivation of nonradiative surface defects by the shell. Based on a global analysis of time-resolved and time-integrated data, we recover and model the temperature dependent quantum yield of these nanostructures and show that CdS shell growth leads to a strong enhancement of the photoluminescence quantum yield. Our results explain, for example, the very high lasing gain observed in CdSe-CdS nanoplatelets due to the type I band alignment that also makes them interesting as solar energy concentrators. Further, we reveal that the exciton-LO-phonon coupling is strongly tunable by the CdS shell thickness, enabling emission line width and coherence length control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Achtstein
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Oliver Marquardt
- Weierstraß Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics , Mohrenstraße 39 , 10117 Berlin , Germany
| | - Riccardo Scott
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Thomas Riedl
- Department of Physics , Paderborn University , Warburger Strasse 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
| | - Anatol V Prudnikau
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University , 220006 Minsk , Belarus
- Physical Chemistry , TU Dresden , Bergstrasse 66b , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Artsiom Antanovich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University , 220006 Minsk , Belarus
| | - Nina Owschimikow
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Jörg K N Lindner
- Department of Physics , Paderborn University , Warburger Strasse 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
| | - Mikhail Artemyev
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University , 220006 Minsk , Belarus
| | - Ulrike Woggon
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
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41
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Nikam PR, Baviskar PK, Majumder S, Sali JV, Sankapal BR. SILAR controlled CdSe nanoparticles sensitized ZnO nanorods photoanode for solar cell application: Electrolyte effect. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 524:148-155. [PMID: 29649623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Controlled growth of different sizes of cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles over well aligned ZnO nanorods have been performed using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique at room temperature (27 °C) in order to form nano heterostructure solar cells. Deposition of compact layer of zinc oxide (ZnO) by SILAR technique on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate followed by growth of vertically aligned ZnO nanorods array using chemical bath deposition (CBD) at low temperature (<100 °C). Different characterization techniques viz. X-ray diffractometer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy have been used to know the structural, optical, morphological and compositional properties of synthesized nano heterostructure. The photovoltaic performance of the cells with variation in SILAR cycles for CdSe and with use of different electrolytes have been recorded as J-V characteristics and the maximum conversion efficiency of 0.63% have been attained with ferro/ferri cyanide electrolyte for 12 cycles CdSe coating over 1-D ZnO nanorods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha R Nikam
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon 425001, India
| | - Prashant K Baviskar
- Advanced Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Sutripto Majumder
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, G.E. Road, Raipur, Chattisgarh 492010, India; Nano Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440010, India
| | - Jaydeep V Sali
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon 425001, India
| | - Babasaheb R Sankapal
- Nano Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440010, India.
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42
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Rowley A, Parks T, Parks K, Medley K, Cordner A, Yu M. Fluorescence alteration of MPA capped CdSe quantum dots by spontaneous biomarker protein adsorption. Anal Biochem 2018; 555:73-80. [PMID: 29802844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) have significant potentials in biomedical applications of bioimaging and biosensing. Spontaneous adsorption of proteins on QDs surface is a common phenomenon, which occurred to serum proteins in biological samples, and has been observed to enhance QDs fluorescence. In this study, fluorescence alteration of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) capped CdSe quantum dots by four individual biomarker proteins was investigated. By monitoring the fluorescence emission of QDs, the biomarker protein adsorbed spontaneously on QDs surface was recognized and quantified. When alpha fetoprotein (AFP) or heat shock protein 90 alpha (HSP90α) were present, the QDs became brighter. The presence of cytochrome C (CytoC) or lysozyme (Lyz) made the QDs dimmer first, and then brighter. Within five minutes response time all four biomarker proteins were detected individually with the estimated detection limit in the range of 1-10 ng/mL and good linear dynamic ranges. The results suggested that the fluorescence of QDs was responsive to not only serum proteins but also biomarker proteins. The fluorescence response was able to correlate quantitatively with the amount of biomarker proteins in relatively low concentrations. These results provide more information to understand QDs and support their applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Rowley
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA
| | - Tegan Parks
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA
| | - Kaden Parks
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA
| | - Kyle Medley
- Department of Biology, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA
| | - Alex Cordner
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA.
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43
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Xiao P, Huang J, Yan D, Luo D, Yuan J, Liu B, Liang D. Emergence of Nanoplatelet Light-Emitting Diodes. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E1376. [PMID: 30096754 PMCID: PMC6119858 DOI: 10.3390/ma11081376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since 2014, nanoplatelet light-emitting diodes (NPL-LEDs) have been emerged as a new kind of LEDs. At first, NPL-LEDs are mainly realized by CdSe based NPLs. Since 2016, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite NPLs are found to be effective to develop NPL-LEDs. In 2017, all-inorganic perovskite NPLs are also demonstrated for NPL-LEDs. Therefore, the development of NPL-LEDs is flourishing. In this review, the fundamental concepts of NPL-LEDs are first introduced, then the main approaches to realize NPL-LEDs are summarized and the recent progress of representative NPL-LEDs is highlighted, finally the challenges and opportunities for NPL-LEDs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Junhua Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Dong Yan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jian Yuan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS, Center of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Dong Liang
- LUMINOUS, Center of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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44
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Giovanella U, Pasini M, Lorenzon M, Galeotti F, Lucchi C, Meinardi F, Luzzati S, Dubertret B, Brovelli S. Efficient Solution-Processed Nanoplatelet-Based Light-Emitting Diodes with High Operational Stability in Air. Nano Lett 2018; 18:3441-3448. [PMID: 29722262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal nanoplatelets (NPLs), owing to their efficient and narrow-band luminescence, are considered as promising candidates for solution-processable light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with ultrahigh color purity. To date, however, the record efficiencies of NPL-LEDs are significantly lower than those of more-investigated devices based on spherical nanocrystals. This is particularly true for red-emitting NPL-LEDs, the best-reported external quantum efficiency (EQE) of which is limited to 0.63% (EQE = 5% for green NPL-LEDs). Here, we address this issue by introducing a charge-regulating layer of a polar and polyelectrolytic polymer specifically engineered with complementary trimethylammonium and phosphonate functionalities that provide high solubility in orthogonal polar media with respect to the NPL active layer, compatibility with the metal cathode, and the ability to control electron injection through the formation of a polarized interface under bias. Through this synergic approach, we achieve EQE = 5.73% at 658 nm (color saturation 98%) in completely solution processed LEDs. Remarkably, exposure to air increases the EQE to 8.39%, exceeding the best reports of red NPL-LEDs by over 1 order of magnitude and setting a new global record for quantum-dot LEDs of any color embedding solution-deposited organic interlayers. Considering the emission quantum yield of the NPLs (40 ± 5%), this value corresponds to a near-unity internal quantum efficiency. Notably, our devices show exceptional operational stability for over 5 h of continuous drive in air with no encapsulation, thus confirming the potential of NPLs for efficient, high-stability, saturated LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Giovanella
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISMac-CNR) , Via Bassini 15 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Mariacecilia Pasini
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISMac-CNR) , Via Bassini 15 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Monica Lorenzon
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali , Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , via Cozzi 55 , I-20125 Milano , Italy
| | - Francesco Galeotti
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISMac-CNR) , Via Bassini 15 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Claudio Lucchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali , Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , via Cozzi 55 , I-20125 Milano , Italy
| | - Francesco Meinardi
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali , Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , via Cozzi 55 , I-20125 Milano , Italy
| | - Silvia Luzzati
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISMac-CNR) , Via Bassini 15 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Benoit Dubertret
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-ParisTech , PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS , 10 rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Sergio Brovelli
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali , Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , via Cozzi 55 , I-20125 Milano , Italy
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45
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Seiler H, Palato S, Sonnichsen C, Baker H, Kambhampati P. Seeing Multiexcitons through Sample Inhomogeneity: Band-Edge Biexciton Structure in CdSe Nanocrystals Revealed by Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy. Nano Lett 2018; 18:2999-3006. [PMID: 29589448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of multiexcitons significantly impacts the performance of nanostructures in lasing and light-emitting applications. However, these multiexcitons remain poorly understood due to their complexity arising from many-body physics. Standard transient-absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopies are unable to unambiguously distinguish effects of sample inhomogeneity from exciton-biexciton interactions. Here, we exploit the energy and time resolution of two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to access the electronic structure of the band-edge biexciton in colloidal CdSe quantum dots. By removing effects of inhomogeneities, we show that the band-edge biexciton structure must consist of a discrete manifold of electronic states. Furthermore, the biexciton states within the manifold feature distinctive binding energies. Our findings have direct implications for optical gain thresholds and efficiency droop in light-emitting devices and provide experimental measures of many-body physics in nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Seiler
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada
| | - Samuel Palato
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada
| | - Colin Sonnichsen
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada
| | - Harry Baker
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada
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46
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Xu J, Rechav K, Popovitz-Biro R, Nevo I, Feldman Y, Joselevich E. High-Gain 200 ns Photodetectors from Self-Aligned CdS- CdSe Core-Shell Nanowalls. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1800413. [PMID: 29603418 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
1D core-shell heterojunction nanostructures have great potential for high-performance, compact optoelectronic devices owing to their high interface area to volume ratio, yet their bottom-up assembly toward scalable fabrication remains a challenge. Here the site-controlled growth of aligned CdS-CdSe core-shell nanowalls is reported by a combination of surface-guided vapor-liquid-solid horizontal growth and selective-area vapor-solid epitaxial growth, and their integration into photodetectors at wafer-scale without postgrowth transfer, alignment, or selective shell-etching steps. The photocurrent response of these nanowalls is reduced to 200 ns with a gain of up to 3.8 × 103 and a photoresponsivity of 1.2 × 103 A W-1 , the fastest response at such a high gain ever reported for photodetectors based on compound semiconductor nanostructures. The simultaneous achievement of sub-microsecond response and high-gain photocurrent is attributed to the virtues of both the epitaxial CdS-CdSe heterojunction and the enhanced charge-separation efficiency of the core-shell nanowall geometry. Surface-guided nanostructures are promising templates for wafer-scale fabrication of self-aligned core-shell nanostructures toward scalable fabrication of high-performance compact photodetectors from the bottom-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyou Xu
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Katya Rechav
- Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Ronit Popovitz-Biro
- Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Iftach Nevo
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yishay Feldman
- Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Ernesto Joselevich
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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47
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Ongul F, Yuksel SA, Allahverdi C, Bozar S, Kazici M, Gunes S. Influences of CdSe NCs on the photovoltaic parameters of BHJ organic solar cells. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 194:50-56. [PMID: 29331821 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the high quality CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) capped with stearic acid were synthesized in a solvent and then purified four times by using the precipitation and redissolution process. The average size of the synthesized CdSe NCs was determined ~3.0nm via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurement and their corresponding optical band edge energy was also calculated as ~2.1eV using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy. The bulk heterojunction (BHJ) hybrid solar cells based on a ternary system including P3HT, PCBM and CdSe NCs at different weight concentrations (0wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.5wt%, 1wt% and 2wt%) were fabricated by spin-casting process. The effect of the concentration of CdSe NCs on the photovoltaic parameters of these BHJ organic solar cells was investigated. The surface morphology of the photoactive layer modified by the incorporation of CdSe NCs into P3HT:PCBM matrix was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was shown that when the concentration of CdSe NCs increases above 0.1wt% in this ternary system, the photovoltaic performance of the devices significantly decreases. The power conversion efficiency of the organic photovoltaic (OPV) device was enhanced ~20% by incorporating CdSe NCs with 0.1wt% with respect to those without CdSe NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Ongul
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sureyya Aydin Yuksel
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cagdas Allahverdi
- Toros University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanomaterial Production Laboratory, 33140 Yenişehir, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Sinem Bozar
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kazici
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey; Siirt University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, 56100, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Serap Gunes
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
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48
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Abstract
The photoluminescence of single quantum dots fluctuates between bright (on) and dark (off) states, also termed fluorescence intermittency or blinking. This blinking limits the performance of quantum dot-based devices such as light-emitting diodes and solar cells. However, the origins of the blinking remain unresolved. Here, we use a movable gold micromirror to determine both the quantum yield of the bright state and the orientation of the excited state dipole of single quantum dots. We observe that the quantum yield of the bright state is close to unity for these single QDs. Furthermore, we also study the effect of a micromirror on blinking, and then evaluate excitation efficiency, biexciton quantum yield, and detection efficiency. The mirror does not modify the off-time statistics, but it does change the density of optical states available to the quantum dot and hence the on times. The duration of the on times can be lengthened due to an increase in the radiative recombination rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangcheng Yuan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel Gómez
- School of Chemical Sciences, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Nicholas Kirkwood
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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49
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Shornikova EV, Biadala L, Yakovlev DR, Feng D, Sapega VF, Flipo N, Golovatenko AA, Semina MA, Rodina AV, Mitioglu AA, Ballottin MV, Christianen PCM, Kusrayev YG, Nasilowski M, Dubertret B, Bayer M. Electron and Hole g-Factors and Spin Dynamics of Negatively Charged Excitons in CdSe/CdS Colloidal Nanoplatelets with Thick Shells. Nano Lett 2018; 18:373-380. [PMID: 29160075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We address spin properties and spin dynamics of carriers and charged excitons in CdSe/CdS colloidal nanoplatelets with thick shells. Magneto-optical studies are performed by time-resolved and polarization-resolved photoluminescence, spin-flip Raman scattering and picosecond pump-probe Faraday rotation in magnetic fields up to 30 T. We show that at low temperatures the nanoplatelets are negatively charged so that their photoluminescence is dominated by radiative recombination of negatively charged excitons (trions). Electron g-factor of 1.68 is measured, and heavy-hole g-factor varying with increasing magnetic field from -0.4 to -0.7 is evaluated. Hole g-factors for two-dimensional structures are calculated for various hole confining potentials for cubic- and wurtzite lattice in CdSe core. These calculations are extended for various quantum dots and nanoplatelets based on II-VI semiconductors. We developed a magneto-optical technique for the quantitative evaluation of the nanoplatelets orientation in ensemble.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Shornikova
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund , 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Louis Biadala
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, CNRS , 59652 Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund , 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Donghai Feng
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund , 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University , 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Victor F Sapega
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nathan Flipo
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund , 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Marina A Semina
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna V Rodina
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anatolie A Mitioglu
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University , 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariana V Ballottin
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University , 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C M Christianen
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University , 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri G Kusrayev
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Michel Nasilowski
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI, CNRS , 75231 Paris, France
| | - Benoit Dubertret
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI, CNRS , 75231 Paris, France
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund , 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences , 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
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50
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Stelmakh S, Skrobas K, Gierlotka S, Palosz B. Effect of interaction of external surfaces on the symmetry and lattice distortion of CdSe nanocrystals by molecular dynamics simulations. J Nanopart Res 2017; 19:391. [PMID: 29249900 PMCID: PMC5712547 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-017-4090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of interaction of low-index atomic planes, (100), (110), and (111) terminating CdSe platelet nanocrystals is examined using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Asymmetry of the environment of atoms at the end surface layers leads to anisotropic deformation of the cubic lattice and to a relative shift of Cd and Se sub-lattices. Interference of distortions of the crystal lattice originating at the terminal surfaces leads to changes of symmetry of the CdSe lattice in the whole sample volume. In the models, 2-3 nm thick, for all types of surfaces under examination, the initial cubic lattice symmetry gets lost in the whole sample volume. Graphical abstractᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Stelmakh
- Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, ul. Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Skrobas
- Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, ul. Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - S. Gierlotka
- Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, ul. Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - B. Palosz
- Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, ul. Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
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