TD-DFT investigation on the electronic spectra of novel N-methylmaleimides linked with indolizine ring system

Recent advances in the synthesis of indolizine and its derivatives by radical cyclization/cross-coupling

Indolizine is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle that has a variety of potential biological activities, and some indolizine derivatives with excellent fluorescence properties can even be used as organic fluorescent molecules for biological and material applications. Thus, many approaches for their synthesis have been developed. Among them, radical-induced synthetic approaches are receiving increasing attention owing to their unique advantages, such as efficient heterocycle construction, efficient C-C or C-X bond construction, and high atom- and step-economy. This review systematically examines the current and latest synthetic strategies using radical species or radical intermediates for synthesizing indolizines and their derivatives. This review is classified into two parts based on the type of building blocks used for indolizine ring construction and the type of radical trigger for indolizine derivative construction. We anticipate that this review will provide a deep understanding of this topic, and ultimately help researchers to develop novel approaches for the synthesis of indolizine and its derivatives.

Electronic structure and spectral properties of aurones as visible range fluorescent probes: a DFT/TDDFT study

A DFT and TDDFT study was performed to understand the electronic and optical properties of aurone and its amine-substituted derivatives as potential fluorescent probes.

Dye chemistry with time-dependent density functional theory

In this perspective, we present an overview of the determination of excited-state properties of "real-life" dyes, and notably of their optical absorption and emission spectra, performed during the last decade with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). We discuss the results obtained with both vertical and adiabatic (vibronic) approximations, choosing relevant examples for several series of dyes. These examples include reproducing absorption wavelengths of numerous families of coloured molecules, understanding the specific band shape of amino-anthraquinones, optimising the properties of dyes used in solar cells, mimicking the fluorescence wavelengths of fluorescent brighteners and BODIPY dyes, studying optically active biomolecules and photo-induced proton transfer, as well as improving the properties of photochromes.

Synthesis and TDDFT Investigation of New Maleimide Derivatives Bearing Pyrrole and Indole Ring

A novel series of heterocycles were obtained through the condensation reaction of 4-methylthiomaleimides with pyrroles and indoles. The newly synthesized compounds exhibit their major electronic absorption peaks ranging 435–504 nm in solution at room temperature. Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) calculations were systematically performed in order to elucidate their structure-color relationships, using a set of exchange-correlation (XC) functionals. The TDDFT computational scheme employing PCM-TDDFT/6-31+G(d,p)//DFT/6-311G(d,p) level of theory gave qualitatively satisfactory results in their predictions.