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Gandara ACP, Drummond-Barbosa D. Chronic exposure to warm temperature causes low sperm abundance and quality in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12331. [PMID: 37518578 PMCID: PMC10387475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature influences male fertility across organisms; however, how suboptimal temperatures affect adult spermatogenesis remains understudied. In a recent study on Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis, we observed a drastic reduction in the fertility of adult males exposed to warm temperature (29 °C). Here, we show that males become infertile at 29 °C because of low sperm abundance and quality. The low sperm abundance at 29 °C does not stem from reduced germline stem cell or spermatid numbers, as those numbers remain comparable between 29 °C and control 25 °C. Notably, males at cold 18 °C and 29 °C had similarly increased frequencies of spermatid elongation and individualization defects which, considering the high sperm abundance and male fertility measured at 18 °C, indicate that spermatogenesis has a high tolerance for elongation and individualization defects. Interestingly, the abundance of sperm at 29 °C decreases abruptly and with no evidence of apoptosis as they transition into the seminal vesicle near the end of spermatogenesis, pointing to sperm elimination through an unknown mechanism. Finally, sperm from males at 29 °C fertilize eggs less efficiently and do not support embryos past the first stage of embryogenesis, indicating that poor sperm quality is an additional cause of male infertility at 29 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caroline P Gandara
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Daniela Drummond-Barbosa
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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2
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Abdelnour SA, Swelum AA, Sindi RA, Barkat RA, Khalifa NE, Amin AA, El-Raghi AA, Tufarelli V, Losacco C, Abd El-Hack ME. Responses of sperm mitochondria functionality in animals to thermal stress: The mitigating effects of dietary natural antioxidants. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1101-1112. [PMID: 35754099 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive consequences of global warming representing heat stress (HS) have been widely received more attention in the last decades. HS induced significant influence on the male reproductive cell, especially sperm functionally. Reduction in the sperm function induced by HS leads to failure of fertility potential. The main effects of HS on sperm are reducing sperm motility, increased abnormalities and changes in the fluidity of the membrane as well as cell morphology. Moreover, the destruction of mitochondrial function could be the result of adverse influences of HS. The protein contents and enzymes of mitochondria were lowered after the exposure of sperm to HS. Some natural antioxidants were used for improving sperm mitochondrial function under HS conditions. In this review, it was highlighted the potential influences of HS on sperm function through reduction in ATP Synthesis yield, mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial protein contents and mitochondrial enzymes, which involves the interference of mitochondrial remodelling in sperm of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Ramya A Sindi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A Barkat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Norhan E Khalifa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fuka, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Amin
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali Ali El-Raghi
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Italy
| | - Caterina Losacco
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Italy
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3
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Amelioration of heat stress-induced damage to testes and sperm quality. Theriogenology 2020; 158:84-96. [PMID: 32947064 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) occurs when temperatures exceed a physiological range, overwhelming compensatory mechanisms. Most mammalian testes are ∼4-5 °C cooler than core body temperature. Systemic HS or localized warming of the testes affects all types of testicular cells, although germ cells are more sensitive than either Sertoli or Leydig cells. Increased testicular temperature has deleterious effects on sperm motility, morphology and fertility, with effects related to extent and duration of the increase. The major consequence of HS on testis is destruction of germ cells by apoptosis, with pachytene spermatocytes, spermatids and epididymal sperm being the most susceptible. In addition to the involvement of various transcription factors, HS triggers production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause apoptosis of germ cells and DNA damage. Effects of HS on testes can be placed in three categories: testicular cells, sperm quality, and ability of sperm to fertilize oocytes and support development. Various substances have been given to animals, or added to semen, in attempts to ameliorate heat stress-induced damage to testes and sperm. They have been divided into various groups according to their composition or activity, as follows: amino acids, antibiotics, antioxidant cocktails, enzyme inhibitors, hormones, minerals, naturally produced substances, phenolic compounds, traditional herbal medicines, and vitamins. Herein, we summarized those substances according to their actions to mitigate HS' three main mechanisms: oxidative stress, germ cell apoptosis, and sperm quality deterioration and testicular damage. The most promising approaches are to use substances that overcome these mechanisms, namely reducing testicular oxidative stress, reducing or preventing apoptosis and promoting recovery of testicular tissue and restoring sperm quality. Although some of these products have considerable promise, further studies are needed to clarify their ability to preserve or restore fertility following HS; these may include more advanced sperm analysis techniques, e.g. sperm epigenome or proteome, or direct assessment of fertilization and development, including in vitro fertilization or breeding data (either natural service or artificial insemination).
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4
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Botta D, de Arruda RP, Watanabe YF, de Carvalho Balieiro JC, Romanello N, do Nascimento Barreto A, de Andrade Pantoja MH, Giro A, de Carvalho CPT, de Sousa Oliveira A, Garcia AR. Influence of post-thawing thermal environment on bovine sperm characteristics and in vitro fertility. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13266. [PMID: 30868613 DOI: 10.1111/and.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to evaluate the effects of three thermal environments over time on kinetics, functionality and in vitro fertility of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa. Four ejaculates from five bulls (n = 20) were cryopreserved. After thawing, semen was evaluated (0 hr), incubated for 4 hr in T36.0 (36.0°C), T38.0 (38.0°C) and T39.5 (39.5°C), and analysed every hour (1 hr, 2 hr, 3 hr, 4 hr). In vitro production of embryos was performed at 0 hr and 4 hr. Sperm motility and cell kinetics (Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis) were impaired after 2 hr at T38.0 and T39.5 (p < 0.05). Flow cytometry revealed an increase in the cells with injured plasma membrane to 39.5°C and a general reduction in the mitochondrial potential over time (p < 0.05). In vitro fertility was impaired in all temperatures after 4 hr, but there was no difference between 36.0°C and 38.0°C. Our results suggest that the ex situ resilience of semen at 36.0°C after thawing with no major damage to the quality is limited to 3 hr. In normothermia or in thermal stress, sperm cells present a gradual reduction of movement and functionality, which were more significant after 1 hr of incubation. The in vitro production of embryos is impaired when the semen is kept in a thermal environment ≥36.0°C for 4 hr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Botta
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Rubens Paes de Arruda
- Laboratory of Semen Biotechnology and Andrology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | | | - Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Narian Romanello
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alessandro Giro
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Carla Patrícia Teodoro de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Semen Biotechnology and Andrology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Rossetto Garcia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Southeast Livestock (CPPSE/Embrapa), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, São Carlos, Brazil
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5
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Heat stress responses in spermatozoa: Mechanisms and consequences for cattle fertility. Theriogenology 2018; 113:102-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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6
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Amann RP, Saacke RG, Barbato GF, Waberski D. Measuring Male-to-Male Differences in Fertility or Effects of Semen Treatments. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2018; 6:255-286. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-030117-014829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rupert P. Amann
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Richard G. Saacke
- Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Guy F. Barbato
- Biology Program, Stockton University, Galloway, New Jersey 08205, USA
| | - Dagmar Waberski
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine of Clinics/Clinic for Pigs and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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7
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Lambert S, Blondin P, Vigneault C, Labrecque R, Dufort I, Sirard MA. Spermatozoa DNA methylation patterns differ due to peripubertal age in bulls. Theriogenology 2017; 106:21-29. [PMID: 29031946 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the dairy industry, using semen as soon as the bull is mature enough to produce it is advantageous for breeding purposes. Mammalian spermatogenesis is a hormone-dependent developmental program in which a complex cascade of events must take place to ensure that germ cells reach the proper stage of development at the proper time. Conventional indicators of semen quality such as sperm cell motility and viability usually improve as bulls mature, meeting quality criteria satisfactorily at around 16 months. Using semen before that age may affect embryo viability, but other changes occurring during the peripubertal period should be considered. Although it is known that establishment of these patterns begins during foetal life, the extent to which sperm cell DNA methylation changes during puberty has not been studied. The aim of this study is to correlate the age of a young bull with the overall DNA methylation pattern of its spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were collected from bulls at the ages of 10 months (early pubertal), 12 months (late pubertal) and 16 months (pubertal). Each animal (n = 4) was compared to itself with 16 months as control. Genome-wide DNA methylation was analyzed by microarray using the EmbryoGENE DNA Methylation Analysis platform. Using a fold change over 1.5 and a 5% FDR p-value correction, a total of 2602 differently methylated regions were found in common between 10 months of age and 16 months of age. No differently methylated regions between 12 months and 16 months of age were found at the same level of statistical significance. We conclude that spermatozoa from bulls aged 10 months have a different epigenetic profile, which could compromise their value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lambert
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Département des sciences animales, Pavillon des services, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Dufort
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Département des sciences animales, Pavillon des services, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marc-André Sirard
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Département des sciences animales, Pavillon des services, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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8
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Hopper RM. Management of Male Reproductive Tract Injuries and Disease. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2016; 32:497-510. [PMID: 27039689 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical and surgical management can be used to restore a bull that has suffered a reproductive tract malady. The economic cost of treatment weighed against the bull's replacement value as well as prognosis for recovery is of prime consideration. In turn, early recognition of a treatable condition and immediate initiation of action are factors that impact both treatment cost and prognosis in many cases. Common problems are penile hair rings, fibropapillomas, vesicular adenitis, penile hematoma, and traumatic injury to the prepuce. Less frequent problems are injuries that lead to denervation of the penis, penile shunts, and penile deviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Hopper
- Theriogenology, Food Animal Medicine & Ambulatory, Department of Pathobiology & Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, 4561 South Montgomery, Starkville, MS 39759, USA.
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9
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Lucio AC, Alves BG, Alves KA, Martins MC, Braga LS, Miglio L, Alves BG, Silva TH, Jacomini JO, Beletti ME. Selected sperm traits are simultaneously altered after scrotal heat stress and play specific roles in in vitro fertilization and embryonic development. Theriogenology 2016; 86:924-933. [PMID: 27087533 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Improvements in the estimation of male fertility indicators require advances in laboratory tests for sperm assessment. The aims of the present work were (1) to apply a multivariate analysis to examine sperm set of alterations and interactions and (2) to evaluate the importance of sperm parameters on the outcome of standard IVF and embryonic development. Bulls (n = 3) were subjected to scrotal insulation, and ejaculates were collected before (preinsulation = Day 0) and through 56 days (Days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56) of the experimental period. Sperm head morphometry and chromatin variables were assessed by a computational image analysis, and IVF was performed. Scrotal heat stress induced alterations in all evaluated sperm head features, as well as cleavage and blastocyst rates. A principal component analysis revealed three main components (factors) that represented almost 89% of the cumulative variance. In addition, an association of factor scores with cleavage (factor 1) and blastocyst (factor 3) rates was observed. In conclusion, several sperm traits were simultaneously altered as a result of a thermal insult. These sperm traits likely play specific roles in IVF and embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline C Lucio
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Benner G Alves
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Kele A Alves
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Muller C Martins
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Braga
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Luisa Miglio
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna G Alves
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago H Silva
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - José O Jacomini
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo E Beletti
- Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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10
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Rahman MB, Kamal MM, Rijsselaere T, Vandaele L, Shamsuddin M, Van Soom A. Altered chromatin condensation of heat-stressed spermatozoa perturbs the dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming in the paternal genome after in vitro fertilisation in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 26:1107-16. [PMID: 24041366 DOI: 10.1071/rd13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Shortly after penetration of the oocyte, sperm DNA is actively demethylated, which is required for totipotent zygotic development. Aberrant DNA methylation is thought to be associated with altered chromatin condensation of spermatozoa. The objectives of this study were to investigate the dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming in the paternal pronucleus and subsequent fertilisation potential of heat-stressed bull spermatozoa having altered chromatin condensation. Hence, bovine zygotes (n=1239) were collected at three different time points (12, 18 and 24h post insemination, hpi), and stained with an antibody against 5-methylcytosine. Fluorescence intensities of paternal and maternal pronuclei were measured by ImageJ. DNA methylation patterns in paternal pronuclei derived from heat-stressed spermatozoa did not differ between time points (P>0.05), whereas control zygotes clearly showed demethylation and de novo methylation at 18 and 24hpi, respectively. Moreover, heat-stressed spermatozoa showed a highly reduced (P<0.01) fertilisation rate compared with non-heat-stressed or normal control spermatozoa (53.7% vs 70.2% or 81.5%, respectively). Our data show that the normal pattern of active DNA demethylation followed by de novo methylation in the paternal pronucleus is perturbed when oocytes are fertilised with heat-stressed spermatozoa, which may be responsible for decreased fertilisation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bozlur Rahman
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Md Mostofa Kamal
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Tom Rijsselaere
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Leen Vandaele
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Mohammed Shamsuddin
- Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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11
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Maya-Soriano MJ, Taberner E, Sabés-Alsina M, Ramon J, Rafel O, Tusell L, Piles M, López-Béjar M. Daily exposure to summer temperatures affects the motile subpopulation structure of epididymal sperm cells but not male fertility in an in vivo rabbit model. Theriogenology 2015; 84:384-9. [PMID: 25944779 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
High temperatures have negative effects on sperm quality leading to temporary or permanent sterility. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of long exposure to summer circadian heat stress cycles on sperm parameters and the motile subpopulation structure of epididymal sperm cells from rabbit bucks. Twelve White New Zealand rabbit bucks were exposed to a daily constant temperature of the thermoneutral zone (from 18 °C to 22 °C; control group) or exposed to a summer circadian heat stress cycles (30 °C, 3 h/day; heat stress group). Spermatozoa were flushed from the epididymis and assessed for sperm quality parameters at recovery. Sperm total motility and progressivity were negatively affected by high temperatures (P < 0.05), as were also specific motility parameters (curvilinear velocity, linear velocity, mean velocity, straightness coefficient, linearity coefficient, wobble coefficient, and frequency of head displacement; P < 0.05, but not the mean amplitude of lateral head displacement). Heat stress significantly increased the percentage of less-motile sperm subpopulations, although the percentage of the high-motile subpopulation was maintained, which is consistent with the fact that no effect was detected on fertility rates. However, prolificacy was reduced in females submitted to heat stress when inseminated by control bucks. In conclusion, our results suggest that environmental high temperatures are linked to changes in the proportion of motile sperm subpopulations of the epididymis, although fertility is still preserved despite the detrimental effects of heat stress. On the other hand, prolificacy seems to be affected by the negative effects of high temperatures, especially by altering female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Maya-Soriano
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - E Taberner
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Sabés-Alsina
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Ramon
- Unitat de Cunicultura, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Rafel
- Unitat de Cunicultura, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Tusell
- Unitat de Cunicultura, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Piles
- Unitat de Cunicultura, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M López-Béjar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Kim B, Park K, Rhee K. Heat stress response of male germ cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:2623-36. [PMID: 23007846 PMCID: PMC11113252 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 08/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The vast majority of mammalian testes are located outside the body cavity for proper thermoregulation. Heat has an adverse effect on mammalian spermatogenesis and eventually leads to sub- or infertility. Recent studies have provided insights into the molecular response of male germ cells to high temperatures. Here, we review the effects of heat on male germ cells and discuss the mechanisms underlying germ cell loss and impairment. We also discuss the role of translational control in male germ cells as a potential protective mechanism against heat-induced germ cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byunghyuk Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747 Korea
| | - Kyosun Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747 Korea
| | - Kunsoo Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747 Korea
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13
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Proteins associated with critical sperm functions and sperm head shape are differentially expressed in morphologically abnormal bovine sperm induced by scrotal insulation. J Proteomics 2013; 82:64-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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14
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D'Occhio MJ, Hengstberger KJ, Tutt D, Holroyd RG, Fordyce G, Boe-Hansen GB, Johnston SD. Sperm chromatin in beef bulls in tropical environments. Theriogenology 2013; 79:946-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Future consequences and challenges for dairy cow production systems arising from climate change in Central Europe – a review. Animal 2013; 7:843-59. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731112002352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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16
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Thundathil JC, Rajamanickam GD, Kastelic JP, Newton LD. The Effects of Increased Testicular Temperature on Testis-Specific Isoform of Na+/K+-ATPase in Sperm and its Role in Spermatogenesis and Sperm Function. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 4:170-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Fortes MRS, Holroyd RG, Reverter A, Venus BK, Satake N, Boe-Hansen GB. The integrity of sperm chromatin in young tropical composite bulls. Theriogenology 2012; 78:326-33, 333.e1-4. [PMID: 22494672 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sperm chromatin fragmentation is associated with subfertility, but its relationship with age progression in young bulls is poorly understood. The objective was to assess sperm chromatin fragmentation during the early post-pubertal development of 20 tropical composite bulls, using a sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and sperm-bos-halomax (SBH). Bulls were subjected to bull breeding soundness evaluation (BBSE) at mean ages of 13, 18, and 24 mo. Traits measured included liveweight (WT), body condition score (BCS) and scrotal circumference (SC). Semen samples were collected by electroejaculation and assessed for mass activity (MA), motility (Mot), concentration (conc), sperm morphology and chromatin fragmentation. Concentration (r=0.34, P=0.0076), Mot (r=0.36, P=0.0041) and percentage of morphologic normal sperm (percent normal sperm (PNS); r=0.31, P=0.0132) were positively correlated with age. The percentage of sperm with proximal droplets (PD) was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.28, P=0.0348), whereas neither SCSA nor SBH results were significantly correlated with age. The percentage of sperm with chromatin fragmentation using SCSA was correlated with PNS (r=-0.53, P<0.0001), the percentage of sperm with head abnormalities (r=0.68, P<0.0001) and the percentage of intact sperm (Int) with SBH (r=-0.26, P=0.0456). In summary, for assessment of sperm chromatin fragmentation, samples could be equally collected at 13, 18 or 24 mo of age, as results did not vary with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R S Fortes
- Cooperative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies, CJ Hawkins Homestead, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia
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Impact of genomic selection of AI dairy sires on their likely utilization and methods to estimate fertility: A paradigm shift. Theriogenology 2012; 77:795-817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rahman MB, Vandaele L, Rijsselaere T, Maes D, Hoogewijs M, Frijters A, Noordman J, Granados A, Dernelle E, Shamsuddin M, Parrish JJ, Van Soom A. Scrotal insulation and its relationship to abnormal morphology, chromatin protamination and nuclear shape of spermatozoa in Holstein-Friesian and Belgian Blue bulls. Theriogenology 2011; 76:1246-57. [PMID: 21777969 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to identify the stages of spermatogenesis susceptible to elevated testicular temperature in terms of sperm motility, viability, morphology, chromatin protamination and nuclear shape. The latter two valuable parameters are not included in routine semen analysis. Scrotal insulation (SI) was applied for 48 h in 2 Holstein-Friesian (HF) and 2 Belgian Blue (BB) bulls and semen was collected at 7 d intervals along with semen collection of a non-insulated bull of each breed. Semen samples were frozen and assigned to 4 groups: period 1 (preinsulation) = -7 d and 0 d, where 0 d = initiation of SI after semen collection; period 2 = 7 d (sperm presumed in the epididymis during SI); period 3 = 14 d to 42 d (cells presumed at spermiogenesis and meiosis stages during SI); period 4 = 49 d to 63 d (cells presumed at spermatocytogenesis stage during SI). The percentages of progressively motile and viable spermatozoa as assessed by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and fluorescence microscopy, respectively were decreased whereas abnormal sperm heads, nuclear vacuoles and tail defects were increased at period 3 (P < 0.05) compared to period 1, 2 or 4 in SI bulls of both HF and BB breeds. Protamine deficient spermatozoa as observed by chromomycin A(3) (CMA(3)) staining were more present (P < 0.05) at period 2 and 3 in both breeds compared to period 1 or 4. Sperm nuclear shape as determined by Fourier harmonic amplitude (FHA) was most affected by heat stress during period 3 (P < 0.01) and a higher response was observed in BB bulls than HF bulls. In conclusion, sperm cells at the spermiogenic and meiotic stages of development are more susceptible to heat stress. The lack of chromatin protamination is the most pertinent result of heat stress, together with subtle changes in sperm head shape, which can be detected by FHA but not by conventional semen analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bozlur Rahman
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Chankitisakul V, Tharasanit T, Tasripoo K, Techakumphu M. Chronological Reorganization of Microtubules, Actin Microfilaments, and Chromatin during the First Cell Cycle in Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryos. Vet Med Int 2010; 2010:382989. [PMID: 21234419 PMCID: PMC3014712 DOI: 10.4061/2010/382989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aimed to study the dynamics of early embryonic development, in terms of redistribution of cytoskeleton (microtubules, actin microfilaments) and chromatin configurations during the first cell cycle in swamp buffalo embryos. Oocytes were matured and fertilized in vitro, and they were fixed at various time points after IVF. At 6 h after IVF, 44.4% matured oocytes were penetrated by spermatozoa. Partial ZP digestion, however, did not improve fertilization rate compared to control (P > .05). At 12 h after IVF, the fertilized oocytes progressed to the second meiotic division and formed the female pronucleus simultaneously with the paternal chromatin continued to decondense. A sperm aster was observed radiating from the base of the decondensing sperm head. At 18 h after IVF, most presumptive zygotes had reached the pronuclear stage. The sperm aster was concurrently enlarged to assist the migration and apposition of pronuclei. Cell cleavage was facilitated by microfilaments and firstly observed by 30 h after IVF. In conclusion, the cytoskeleton actively involves with the process of fertilization and cleavage in swamp buffalo oocytes. The centrosomal material is paternally inherited. Fertilization failure is predominantly caused by poor sperm penetration. However, partial digestion of ZP did not improve fertilization rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibuntita Chankitisakul
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Abdalla H, Hirabayashi M, Hochi S. The ability of freeze-dried bull spermatozoa to induce calcium oscillations and resumption of meiosis. Theriogenology 2009; 71:543-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2008] [Revised: 08/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Newton L, Kastelic J, Wong B, van der Hoorn F, Thundathil J. Elevated testicular temperature modulates expression patterns of sperm proteins in Holstein bulls. Mol Reprod Dev 2009; 76:109-18. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hendricks KEM, Martins L, Hansen PJ. Consequences for the bovine embryo of being derived from a spermatozoon subjected to post-ejaculatory aging and heat shock: development to the blastocyst stage and sex ratio. J Reprod Dev 2008; 55:69-74. [PMID: 18957823 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.20097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to determine whether aging of sperm caused by incubation at normothermic (38.5 C) or heat shock (40 C) temperatures for 4 h prior to oocyte insemination affects sperm motility, fertilizing ability, competence of the resultant embryo to develop to the blastocyst stage and blastocyst sex ratio. In the first experiment, the percent of sperm that were motile was reduced by aging (P<0.001) and the reduction in motility was greater for sperm at 40 C compared to sperm at 38.5 C (P<0.01). In the second experiment, oocytes were inseminated with aged sperm. A smaller percent of oocytes fertilized with sperm aged at either temperature cleaved by Day 3 after insemination than oocytes fertilized with fresh sperm (P<0.05). There was no effect of sperm aging on the percent of oocytes or cleaved embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage. Aging of sperm before fertilization at 38.5 C reduced the percent of blastocysts that were male (P=0.08). In the third experiment, incubation of sperm at 38.5 C or 40 C for 4 h did not reduce fertilizing ability of sperm as determined by pronuclear formation at 18 h post insemination. In conclusion, aging of sperm reduced cleavage rate and the percent of blastocysts that were males but had no effect on the developmental capacity of the embryo. The effect of aging on cleavage rate may represent reduced motility and errors occurring after fertilization and pronuclear formation. Aging at a temperature characteristic of maternal hyperthermia had little additional effect except that polyspermy was reduced. Results indicate that embryo competence for development to the blastocyst stage is independent of sperm damage as a result of aging for 4 h at normothermic or hyperthermic temperatures.
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Alomar M, Tasiaux H, Remacle S, George F, Paul D, Donnay I. Kinetics of fertilization and development, and sex ratio of bovine embryos produced using the semen of different bulls. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 107:48-61. [PMID: 17629423 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The between bulls variation in in vitro fertility and the shift of sex ratio towards male embryos are two problems affecting the in vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos. Our objective was to evaluate the kinetics of fertilization, embryo development and the sex ratio of the resulting embryos using the frozen/thawed semen of four different bulls. In a first experiment, the kinetics of pronucleus (PN) formation was evaluated at 8, 12 and 18 h post-insemination (hpi). Based upon the pronuclei sizes and the distance between the two pronuclei, inseminated oocytes were classified in three PN stages. Differences between bulls were observed at each time point, but were more important at 12 hpi. At 8 and 12 hpi bull III showed a significantly faster PN evolution by comparison with the three other bulls (P<0.05), while at 18 hpi, the proportion of the three PN stages was similar to those of bulls I and IV, bull II being delayed. In a second experiment, the kinetics of in vitro embryo development was compared using time-lapse cinematography. The analysis of embryos reaching the blastocyst stage revealed significant differences in the mean time of first cleavage (range of 22.7-25.6h, P<0.05), while the lengths of the subsequent three cell cycles did not differ between bulls. The early mean time of first cleavage with bull III was associated with an early blastulation and a high blastocyst rate at Day 7, in opposition to what was observed with bull II showing a later timing of first cleavage (first cleavage 22.1 hpi versus 25.5 hpi; blastulation 140.4 hpi versus 152.5 hpi; D7 blastocyst rates: 31.3% versus 21.9%; P<0.05). In a third experiment, 65-76 Day 8 blastocysts per bull were sexed by PCR. Only blastocysts obtained with bull III showed a shift in sex ratio towards male embryos (76% male embryos; P<0.05). Such shift was already observed at the 2-cell and morula stages. In conclusion, the bull influences the kinetics of PN formation, of embryo development and the sex ratio of the embryos. Moreover, those parameters might be related.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alomar
- UCL, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Unité des Sciences vétérinaires, Place Croix du sud 5 Boîte 10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Kastelic JP, Thundathil JC. Breeding Soundness Evaluation and Semen Analysis for Predicting Bull Fertility. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 43 Suppl 2:368-73. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01186.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Van Soom A, Vandaele L, Goossens K, de Kruif A, Peelman L. Gamete origin in relation to early embryo development. Theriogenology 2007; 68 Suppl 1:S131-7. [PMID: 17467789 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fertilization in vivo requires a complex series of selection events to occur in order to guarantee that only the fittest gametes take part in the fusion process and give rise to a viable embryo. Conventional practice in bovine in vitro fertilization however is to select oocytes and sperm by quite crude procedures. It is therefore not inconceivable that essentially unfit gametes may drive aberrant embryo development in vitro. Abnormal embryonic cells are being removed by apoptosis, which is a physiological process in embryos. Only an excess or a lack of apoptosis can lead to embryonic death or abnormal development. Suboptimal culture conditions undoubtedly contribute to undue embryonic apoptosis, but the intrinsic quality of the oocyte may also be a causative factor. It is generally accepted that the oocyte is in control of early embryogenesis, but is it also in control of future embryonic suicide? Is a compromised follicular environment predestining the oocyte to a dire fate? What is the contribution of the cumulus cells to oocyte quality, and can they rescue it from early demise? And what can be said about the origin of the spermatozoa? Research in human in vitro fertilization has definitely shown that factors such as paternal age, smoking and other sperm stressors can contribute to abnormal embryo development and even diseased offspring. This review will address the questions raised above, and will describe what is known about the cellular and molecular biology that may account for abnormal bovine embryo development caused by gamete origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Soom
- Reproductive Biology Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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