1
|
Toriseva M, Björkgren I, Junnila A, Mehmood A, Mattsson J, Raimoranta I, Kim B, Laiho A, Nees M, Elo L, Poutanen M, Breton S, Sipilä P. RUNX transcription factors are essential in maintaining epididymal epithelial differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:183. [PMID: 38630262 PMCID: PMC11023966 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Apart from the androgen receptor, transcription factors (TFs) that are required for the development and formation of the different segments of the epididymis have remained unknown. We identified TF families expressed in the developing epididymides, of which many showed segment specificity. From these TFs, down-regulation of runt related transcription factors (RUNXs) 1 and 2 expression coincides with epithelial regression in Dicer1 cKO mice. Concomitant deletion of both Runx1 and Runx2 in a mouse epididymal epithelial cell line affected cell morphology, adhesion and mobility in vitro. Furthermore, lack of functional RUNXs severely disturbed the formation of 3D epididymal organoid-like structures. Transcriptomic analysis of the epididymal cell organoid-like structures indicated that RUNX1 and RUNX2 are involved in the regulation of MAPK signaling, NOTCH pathway activity, and EMT-related gene expression. This suggests that RUNXs are master regulators of several essential signaling pathways, and necessary for the maintenance of proper differentiation of the epididymal epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Toriseva
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Research Unit and FICAN West Cancer Centre Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ida Björkgren
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Arttu Junnila
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Arfa Mehmood
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jesse Mattsson
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Research Unit and FICAN West Cancer Centre Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Inka Raimoranta
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Bongki Kim
- Program in Membrane Biology/Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Chungcheongnam-do, Yesan, 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Matthias Nees
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Research Unit and FICAN West Cancer Centre Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Elo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Sylvie Breton
- Program in Membrane Biology/Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center-CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Petra Sipilä
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu C, Fan H. Epididymal alveolar echinococcosis and tuberculosis co-infection: A case report. IDCases 2024; 36:e01966. [PMID: 38646602 PMCID: PMC11031804 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e01966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a common and significant public health problem caused by the larvae of the Echinococcus multilocularis. The occurrence of epididymal AE is rare and often overlooked in combination with mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We report a case of a 34-year-old man who presented with right-sided scrotal enlargement with pain. Physical examination revealed an enlarged right scrotum with rupture. CT examination showed a blurred border and non-enhancing lesion on the right epididymis. Postoperative pathology and molecular biology identified an epididymal E. multilocularis infection. We report this rare case to emphasise the difficulty of preoperative diagnosis and the importance of complete surgical excision of the lesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanchuan Liu
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, 29 Tongren Road, Chengxi District, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Research, 29 Tongren Road, Chengxi District, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China
| | - Hainin Fan
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, 29 Tongren Road, Chengxi District, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Research, 29 Tongren Road, Chengxi District, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kiyozumi D. Distinct actions of testicular endocrine and lumicrine signaling on the proximal epididymal transcriptome. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:40. [PMID: 38600586 PMCID: PMC11005294 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01213-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The epididymal function and gene expression in mammals are under the control of the testis. Sex steroids are secreted from the testis and act on the epididymis in an endocrine manner. There is another, non-sex steroidal secreted signaling, named lumicrine signaling, in which testis-derived secreted proteins go through the male reproductive tract and act on the epididymis. The effects of such multiple regulations on the epididymis by the testis have been investigated for many genes. The recent development of high-throughput next-generation sequencing now enables us a further comparative survey of endocrine and lumicrine action-dependent gene expression. In the present study, testis-derived endocrine and lumicrine actions on epididymal gene expression were comparatively investigated by RNA-seq transcriptomic analyses. This investigation utilized experimental animal models in which testis-derived endocrine and/or lumicrine actions were interfered with, such as unilateral or bilateral orchidectomy. By bilateral orchidectomy, which interferes with both endocrine and lumicrine actions, 431 genes were downregulated. By unilateral orchidectomy, which also interferes with endocrine and lumicrine actions by the unilateral testis, but the endocrine action was compensated by the contralateral testis, 283 genes were downregulated. The content of such genes downregulated by unilateral orchidectomy was like those of lumicrine action-interfered efferent duct-ligation, W/Wv, and Nell2-/- mice. When genes affected by unilateral and bilateral orchidectomy were compared, 154 genes were commonly downregulated, whereas 217 genes were specifically downregulated only by bilateral orchidectomy, indicating the distinction between endocrine and lumicrine actions on the proximal epididymal transcriptome. Comparative transcriptome analyses also showed that the expressions of genes emerging since Amniota were notably impacted by bilateral orchidectomy, unilateral orchidectomy, and lumicrine action-interfering treatments; the degree of influence from these treatments varied based on the evolutionary stage beyond Amniota. These findings unveil an evolutional transition of regulated gene expression in the proximal epididymis by two different testis-derived signaling mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiji Kiyozumi
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0076, Japan.
- Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kudo W, Mitsui R, Hashitani H. Involvement of ANO1 currents in pacemaking of PDGFRα-positive specialised smooth muscle cells in rat caudal epididymis. Cell Tissue Res 2024:10.1007/s00441-024-03890-x. [PMID: 38587529 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The epididymal duct exhibits spontaneous phasic contractions (SPCs) to store and transport sperm. Here, we explored molecular identification of pacemaker cells driving SPCs in the caudal epididymal duct and also investigated properties of pacemaker currents underlying SPCs focusing on ANO1 Ca2+-activated Cl- channels (CaCCs). Immunohistochemistry was performed to visualise the distribution of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα)- or ANO1-positive cells in the rat caudal epididymal duct. Perforated whole-cell patch clamp technique was applied to enzymatically isolated epididymal cells, while SPCs were recorded with video edge-tracking technique. Immunohistochemistry revealed the distribution of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive cells co-expressing both PDGFRα and ANO1 in the innermost smooth muscle layer. Approximately one-third of isolated epididymis cells exhibited spontaneous transient inward currents (STICs) at the holding potential -60 mV. The reversal potential for STICs was close to the calculated chloride equivalent potential depending on intracellular Cl- concentrations. Ani9 (3 µM), the ANO1 specific inhibitor, decreased both amplitude and frequency of STICs, while cyclopiazonic acid (CPA, 30 µM), a sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor, abolished STICs. Ani9 (3 or 10 µM) reduced the frequency of SPCs without changing their amplitude. Thus, PDGFRα+, ANO1+ specialised smooth muscle cells (SMCs) appear to function as pacemaker cells to electrically drive epididymal SPCs by generating ANO1-dependnet STICs. STICs arising from spontaneous Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ store and subsequent opening of ANO1 result in depolarisations that spread into adjacent SMCs where L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels are activated to develop SPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Kudo
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Retsu Mitsui
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Hikaru Hashitani
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang M, Li H, Ma J, Yang C, Yang Y, Zhao B, Tie Y, Wang S. Effects of Zinc Combined with Metformin on Zinc Homeostasis, Blood-Epididymal Barrier, and Epididymal Absorption in Male Diabetic Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04171-y. [PMID: 38589680 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes increases the likelihood of germ cell damage, hypogonadism, and male infertility. Diabetes leads to lower zinc (Zn) levels, an important micronutrient for maintaining male fertility, and zinc deficiency can lead to decreased male fertility through multiple mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined metformin and zinc administration on epididymis in diabetic mice; 10 of 50 male mice were randomly selected as the control group (group C), and the remaining 40 mice were randomly divided into untreated diabetes group (group D), diabetes + zinc group (group Z), diabetes + metformin group (group M), and diabetes + metformin + zinc group (group ZM) with 10 mice each. Diabetic mice in group Z received oral zinc (10 mg/kg) once daily for 4 weeks; diabetic mice in group M received oral metformin (200 mg/kg) once daily for 4 weeks; diabetic mice in group ZM received oral metformin and zinc once daily for 4 weeks; and groups C and D received the same amount of sterile water by gavage. Overnight fasted mice were sacrificed, and blood samples, mouse epididymides, and sperm were collected for further experiments. In group D, fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance index increased significantly, semen quality, serum insulin, and testosterone decreased, and epididymal structure was disordered. In group D, epididymal tissue zinc, free zinc ions in the caput, and cauda of epididymis and zinc transporter (ZnT2) decreased significantly, while ZIP12, metallothionein (MT), and metal transcription factor (MTF1) increased significantly. In addition, the expressions of blood-epididymal barrier (BEB)-related molecules (including ZO-1 β-catenin and N-cadherin) and aquaporins (AQPs, including AQP3, AQP9, and AQP11) in the epididymis of mice in group D were significantly decreased. In addition, compared with groups D, Z, and M, in the ZM group, the expression of BEB-related molecules (including ZO-1, β-catenin, and N-cadherin) and aquaporins (AQP3, AQP9, and AQP11) in epididymis tissue were significantly increased, and sperm motility and serum testosterone were significantly increased. It was concluded that male diabetic mice have a disturbed epididymal structure and decreased semen quality by causing an imbalance in epididymal zinc homeostasis, BEB, and impaired absorptive function. The combination of zinc and metformin is an effective and safe alternative treatment and provides additional benefits over metformin alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Zhang
- Graduate School, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050071, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050071, China
| | - Chaoju Yang
- Department of Laboratory, Hebei Provincial People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050071, China
| | - Bangrong Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050071, China
| | - Yanqing Tie
- Graduate School, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, China.
- Department of Laboratory, Hebei Provincial People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Shusong Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kiyozumi D. Busulfan administration replicated the characteristics of the epididymal initial segment observed in mice lacking testis- epididymis lumicrine signaling. J Reprod Dev 2024; 70:104-114. [PMID: 38346723 PMCID: PMC11017096 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2023-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The physiological functions of the mammalian epididymis are typically regulated by the testes. In addition to sex steroids secreted by testicular Leydig cells, which act on the epididymis in an endocrine manner, there is a non-sex-steroidal signaling pathway known as the lumicrine pathway. This lumicrine signaling pathway involves ligand proteins secreted from germ cells within the testicular seminiferous tubules traversing the male reproductive tract, which induce epithelial differentiation in the epididymis. These findings prompted an inquiry into whether treatments influencing testis physiology can disrupt epididymal function by interfering with testis-epididymis communication. Busulfan, an alkylating agent commonly used to deplete testicular germ cells in reproductive biology, has not been sufficiently explored because of its effects on the epididymis. This study investigated the effects of busulfan administration on the proximal epididymis using histological and transcriptomic analyses. Notably, busulfan, as opposed to the vehicle dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), altered the morphology of the initial segment of the epididymis, leading to a reduction in the cell height of the luminal epithelium. RNA sequencing identified 185 significantly downregulated genes in the proximal epididymis of busulfan-administered mice compared to DMSO-administered mice. Comparative transcriptome analyses revealed similarities between the epididymal transcriptome of busulfan-administered mice and lumicrine-deficient mice, such as efferent-duct-ligated W/Wv and Nell2-/- mice. However, this differed from that of bilaterally orchidectomized mice, in which both the endocrine and lumicrine signaling pathways were simultaneously ablated. Collectively, these results suggested that the harmful effects of busulfan on the proximal epididymis are secondary consequences of the ablation of testis-epididymis lumicrine signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiji Kiyozumi
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sánchez JM, Rabaglino MB, Bagés-Arnal S, McDonald M, Behura SK, Spencer TE, Lonergan P, Fernandez-Fuertes B. Sperm exposure to accessory gland secretions alters the transcriptomic response of the endometrium in cattle. Theriogenology 2024; 218:26-34. [PMID: 38295677 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
In cattle, mating to intact, but not vasectomised, bulls has been shown to modify the endometrial transcriptome, suggesting an important role of sperm in the modulation of the uterine environment in this species. However, it is not clear whether these changes are driven by intrinsic sperm factors, or by factors of accessory gland (AG) origin that bind to sperm at ejaculation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether ejaculated sperm, which are suspended in the secretions of the AGs, elicit a different endometrial transcriptomic response than epididymal sperm, which have never been exposed to AG factors. To this end, bovine endometrial explants collected from heifers in oestrus were (co-)incubated for 6 h alone (control), or with epididymal sperm or ejaculated sperm, following which transcriptomic changes in the endometrium were evaluated. Epididymal sperm elicited a more dramatic endometrial response than ejaculated sperm, in terms of the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Indeed, RNA-sequencing data analysis revealed 1912 DEGs in endometrial explants exposed to epididymal sperm compared with control explants, whereas 115 DEGs were detected between endometrial explants exposed to ejaculated sperm in comparison to control explants. The top pathways associated with genes upregulated by epididymal sperm included T cell regulation and TNF, NF-KB and IL17 signalling. Interestingly, ejaculated sperm induced downregulation of genes associated with T cell immunity and Th17 differentiation, and upregulation of genes involved in NF-KB signalling, in comparison to epididymal sperm. These data indicate that factors of AG origin modulate the interaction between sperm and the endometrium in cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José María Sánchez
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Belén Rabaglino
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sandra Bagés-Arnal
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Michael McDonald
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Susanta K Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Fuertes
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang W, Wu L, Li G, Shi L, Zhang J, Liu L, Chen Y, Yu H, Wang K, Xin L, Tang D, Shen Q, Xu C, Geng H, Wu H, Duan Z, Cao Y, He X. Atlas and source of the microplastics of male reproductive system in human and mice. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:25046-25058. [PMID: 38466387 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Regarding the impact of microplastics (MPs) on the male reproductive system, previous studies have identified a variety of MPs in both human semen and testicular samples. These studies have put forward the hypothesis that small particles can enter the semen through the epididymis and seminal vesicles. Here, we performed qualitative and quantitative analyses of MPs in human testis, semen, and epididymis samples, as well as in testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, and prostate samples from mice via pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The goal of this approach was to comprehensively characterize the distribution of MPs within the male reproductive system. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate potential sources of MPs identified in semen, as well as to identify possible sources of overall MP exposure. Our results highlighted a general atlas of MPs in the male reproductive system and suggested that MPs in semen may originate from the epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate. An exposure questionnaire, coupled with the characteristics of the MPs detected in the male reproductive system, revealed that high urbanization, home-cooked meals, and using scrub cleansers were important sources of MP exposure in men. These findings may provide novel insights into alleviating the exposure of men to MPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Longmei Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, China
| | - Guanjian Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Lan Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Junqiang Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Liting Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yuge Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Lei Xin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Dongdong Tang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Qunshan Shen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Hao Geng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zongliu Duan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiaojin He
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Anhui, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Prathima P, Venkaiah K, Reddy MH, Pradeepkiran JA, Sainath SB. Antioxidant effects of α-lipoic acid against epididymal oxidative damage in adult offspring rats exposed to maternal hypothyroidism stress. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 125:108555. [PMID: 38342389 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
It is well known that the epididymis promotes post-testicular sperm maturation events. However, its malfunction during congenital hypothyroidism is relatively less understood as compared to the testis. The present study evaluated the probable effect of α-lipoic acid on epididymal oxidative stress parameters in rats exposed to antithyroid drug, carbimazole during fetal period. Time-mated pregnant rats in unexposed and carbimazole (1.35 mg/Kg body weight exposed were allowed to deliver pups and weaned. At postnatal day 100, the F1 male pups were assessed for epididymal endpoints. Among the epididymal regions, significant elevation of lipid peroxidation levels, superoxide anion, and hydrogen peroxide contents with a concomitant reduction in the activity levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced glutathione levels were observed in cauda epididymis of carbimazole exposed rats over controls. Significant elevation in sperm DNA fragmentation (comet assay), accelerated cauda epididymal sperm transit time and reduction in epididymal sialic acid content was observed in carbimazole exposed rats. RT-qPCR studies revealed that embryonic exposure to carbimazole resulted in down regulation of androgen receptor, nuclear factor eryrthoid 2 like 2, 5α-reducatse 1 mRNA levels, while up regulation of caspase 3 mRNA was observed in epididymal regions of rats. In addition, fetal exposure to carbimazole resulted in disorganization of cauda epididymal architecture in rats. Conversely, supplementation of α-lipoic acid (70 mg/Kg bodyweight) during PND 3 to 14 restored epididymal functions in carbimazole exposed rats and the ameliorative effects of lipoic acid could be attributed to its antioxidant and steroidogenic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Prathima
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524 320, AP, India
| | - K Venkaiah
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524 320, AP, India
| | - M Hanuma Reddy
- Department of Marine Biology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524320, AP, India
| | | | - S B Sainath
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524 320, AP, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Colonheze F, Cavariani MM, Schimming BC, de Mello Santos T, Chuffa LGDA, Domeniconi RF. Maternal protein restriction affects the differentiation of cells in the epididymal epithelium lining of 44-day-old rats. Biol Open 2024:bio.060080. [PMID: 38323644 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal protein restriction delays the differentiation of epididymal mesenchymal cells in newborn rats. However, it's unclear if this delay persists until the full differentiation of the epididymal epithelium at 44 days postnatal. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of maternal protein reduction on 44-day-old rats' epididymal epithelium differentiation, following up on the observed delay in newborn animals. Pregnant rats were randomly divided into groups receiving normal-protein (NP - 17% protein) or low-protein (LP - 6% protein) diets during gestation and lactation. On postnatal day (PDN) 44, male offspring were euthanized, and the epididymis (NP n=10, LP n=10) was processed according to immunohistochemical techniques for the detection of aquaporin 9 (AQP9), KI-67, TP63, and ATPase. LP rats showed: a decrease in the intensity of the AQP9 reaction, an increase in cellular proliferation in the initial segment and corpus of the epididymis, an increase in basal cells in the caput and corpus epididymis, and an increase in ATPase-positive clear cells in the cauda region. These findings demonstrate that maternal protein restriction impacts cell differentiation in the epididymal epithelium of 44-day-old rats, persisting even with a normal-protein diet after weaning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marilia Martins Cavariani
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cesar Schimming
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita de Mello Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Fantin Domeniconi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kong Y, Fu W, Wang L, Li F, Li W, Yue X. Molecular characterization of SPATA6 and association of its SNPs with testicular size in sheep. Theriogenology 2024; 215:205-213. [PMID: 38096624 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The testis is an important organ for maintaining fertility in males, and testis size is positively correlated with ejaculate volume, sperm motility, thus fertility. Spermatogenesis-associated 6 (SPATA6) is an evolutionarily conserved testis-specific gene reported in many species. However, the effect of SPATA6 expression levels on testicular development and the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on testis and epididymis phenotype in sheep have not been studied. The purpose of the research was to investigate the expression profile of SPATA6 and its effect on testicular development and to confirm the effect of SNPs on the testis and epididymis phenotype. In this study, we detected a 1245bp coding sequence (CDS) of SPATA6 and encoded 414 amino acids. The expression levels of SPATA6 were significantly higher in the testis than in other tissues and gradually increased with testis development. Moreover, the expression level in the large testis was significantly higher than that in the small testis at six months. A total of 11 SNPs were detected in the coding region of SPATA6 by cDNA-pooling sequencing and improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) methods. Correlation analysis showed that SNP2 (c. 3631C > G) significantly affected left epididymis weight (LEW) and right epididymis weight (REW), and SNP10 (c. 937 A > G) significantly affected REW. And the combined genotype of SNP1 (c. 4245 G > A) and SNP2 significantly affected REW. The current study concluded that SPATA6 plays an important role in testicular development and the SNPs significantly associated with the epididymis phenotype can provide molecular markers for the early selection of high-fertility Hu sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Weiwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Fadi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Wanhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Xiangpeng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yadegari M, Zare Mehrjerdi F, Rezvani ME, Dortaj H, Pourentezari Zarch M. Effect of vitamin C on histomorphometric changes of testis, epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicle induced by acrylamide in rat. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024; 397:549-557. [PMID: 37480490 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) has adverse effects on the rat testis. This study aimed to assess the impact of ACR and vit C exposure on reproductive organs in rats. In this experimental study, 32 adult male rats were used. The animals were divided into 4 groups (n = 8): (1) control group, (2) ACR (10 mg/kg) group, (3) vit C (200 mg/kg), (4) ACR (10 mg/kg) + vit C (200 mg/kg) daily for 5 weeks by gavage. After the administration period, testis, prostate, seminal vesicle, and epididymis of animals are removed; after preparing tissue sections, the structural changes of the tissues are examined by stereology. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test in SPSS software. A value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. The testis weight, volume (mm3), and the mean Johnsen score showed a significant decrease in comparison with the control group and vit C-treated group. These parameters were increased in ACR + vit C group. The number of spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid, and Sertoli and Leydig cells in ACR-treated group showed a significant decrease in comparison with the control and vit C-treated groups. The number of these cells was increased in the ACR + vit C group. Epithelium height and folding of prostate and seminal vesicle in the ACR-treated group were decreased. Epithelium lost its integrity. In the ACR + vit C group, histopathological changes were decreased. Seminal vesicle of ACR + vit C-treated group showed mild degeneration and rupture in epithelium integrity. The epididymis of ACR + vit C group also showed mild degeneration and rupture in epithelium integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Yadegari
- Yazd Neuroendocrine Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Zare Mehrjerdi
- Yazd Neuroendocrine Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani
- Yazd Neuroendocrine Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hengameh Dortaj
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Science, School of Advanced Medical Science and Technologies, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Pourentezari Zarch
- Yazd Neuroendocrine Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ventura L, Del Rosario G, Di Franco M, Forte V, Menichini M, Ranieri G. Epididymal adrenal rest in an orchiectomy specimen with seminoma. Autops Case Rep 2023; 13:e2023464. [PMID: 38149071 PMCID: PMC10750831 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2023.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ventura
- San Salvatore Hospital, Division of Pathology, L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | - Veronica Forte
- San Salvatore Hospital, Division of Pathology, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Massimo Menichini
- San Salvatore Hospital, Division of Nuclear Medicine, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Guido Ranieri
- San Salvatore Hospital, Division of Urology, L’Aquila, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Morales-Gamba RD, Araújo MLG, Barcellos JFM, Rêgo MG, Dias LC, Marcon JL. Progesterone receptors in extratesticular ducts of the Amazonian stingray Potamotrygon wallacei: A potential role in sperm maturation and aggregate formation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 344:114375. [PMID: 37696482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
In cururu stingray (Potamotrygon wallacei Carvalho, Rosa and Araújo 2016) males, plasma progesterone (P4) levels appear to be associated with spermiation events. However, the specific contribution of P4 in sperm maturation via extratesticular ducts in this stingray species is unknown. With the aim of filling this knowledge gap, this study examined the morphology and the presence of progesterone receptors (PR) in the ducts, and analyzed the relationship of progesterone (P4) with sperm maturation and formation of aggregates. Morphological analysis showed that a columnar pseudostratified epithelium with stereocilia lined all the attached ducts. In active males, the secretory cells of the epididymis and the Leydig glands presented PR; however, these receptors were not found in the distal region of the epididymis (essential for nurturing and capacitation events) of regressing males. In the seminal vesicles of active males, the spermatozoa are parallelly aligned and embedded in a matrix to form the spermatozeugmata. The matrixes are formed by proteins secreted by the ducts and Sertoli cell cytoplasts. These structures presented PR, which suggests that P4 engages in sperm metabolism during storage. Our findings allude to the potential role of P4 in regulating the development and function of the attached ducts in different reproductive phases. Furthermore, P4 seems to be an essential component for regulating sperm progress, protein secretion, aggregate formation, and maintenance of sperm during storage in this freshwater stingray.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Dario Morales-Gamba
- Graduate Program in Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas 69080-900, Brazil.
| | - Maria Lúcia Góes Araújo
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros - s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - José Fernando Marques Barcellos
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas 69080-900, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Gomes Rêgo
- Department of Morphology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros - s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Castanhola Dias
- National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Avenida André Araújo 2936, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil.
| | - Jaydione Luiz Marcon
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas 69080-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou C, Zhang H, Wu Y, Ahmed N. Effect of Nano-selenium on exosomes secretion associated with sperm maturation within the epididymis. Micron 2023; 175:103545. [PMID: 37801986 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2023.103545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is commonly used as a supplement in the poultry diet and plays an important role in male fertility. However, the effect of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on exosome secretion associated with spermatozoa in the epididymis is largely unknown. H&E staining, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence and Western blot were performed to study the effect of Se-NPs on exosomes secretion associated with sperm maturation in epididymis. The results indicated that the Se-NPs showed a significant contribution to sperm concentration by light microscopy. It was observed that there was an increase in the spermatozoa concentration in the epididymis of the treated group as compared to the control group. Furthermore, exosome secretion, the expression of tumor susceptibility gene-101 (TSG-101) and cluster of differentiation (CD-63) proteins was identified by immunochemistry, immunofluorescence assay, and western blotting. After nano-selenium treatment, the exosome markers TSG-101 and CD-63 were strong positive immunoreactivity and immunosignaling in the lumen followed by epithelial lining of the epididymis. However weak positive immunoreactivity and immunosignaling were seen of TSG-101 and CD63 in the control group. In addition, highly significant protein expression of TSG-101 and CD63 in the treated group as compared to the control group was confirmed by western blotting. In conclusion, the above findings provide rich evidence about the Se-NPs play a dynamic role in exosome secretion that might be essential for sperm motility and maturation within epididymis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Zhou
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, No. 19 Wenchang East Road, Jurong 212400, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, No. 19 Wenchang East Road, Jurong 212400, China.
| | - Yi Wu
- Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, LUAWMS, Uthal 90150, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Heydari SR, Dastaran S, Farzinpour A, Vaziry A, Rostamzadeh J, Sobhani K. Genital stones: Radiological, histopathological, ultrastructural, and molecular analysis in rooster. Theriogenology 2023; 212:73-82. [PMID: 37708817 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Epididymal lithiasis, characterized by the formation of stones in the epididymis, has been associated with a decline in fertility in roosters. This study aimed to investigate the reproductive performance, ultrastructural characteristics, and expression of aromatase cytochrome P450 (CYP19) and aquaporin 9 (AQP9) in aged broiler breeder roosters affected by epididymal lithiasis. X-ray analysis confirmed the presence of genital stones in both the epididymis and testicular tissue regions. While there was a significant decrease in sperm concentration in the affected roosters compared to non-affected roosters, no significant differences were observed in total and progressive sperm motility between the two groups. Furthermore, the affected roosters exhibited significant abnormalities in semen parameters, except for sperm concentration and morphology. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the depletion and deciliation of ciliated cells in the distal efferent ductules of the epididymis in affected roosters. Additionally, the expression of CYP19 and AQP9 was found to be increased in the epididymal region of affected roosters. Notably, we report the presence of testicular stones for the first time in this study, in addition to epididymal stones. Considering the male reproductive tract lesions observed, we propose the term "genital stones" to describe these conditions. Moreover, our findings suggest that the overexpression of AQP9, which is associated with a high copy number of the CYP19 gene in the epididymal region of affected aged roosters, may contribute to the formation of genital stones by promoting increased reabsorption of fluids in the epididymis. The condensation of epididymal duct contents and reduction in the population of ciliated cells further impairs semen movement and can lead to the blockage of extra-testicular ducts, resulting in the low fertility syndrome observed in aged roosters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Rozhan Heydari
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Sajad Dastaran
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Amjad Farzinpour
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran.
| | - Asaad Vaziry
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Jalal Rostamzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Keyvan Sobhani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Montano L, Giorgini E, Notarstefano V, Notari T, Ricciardi M, Piscopo M, Motta O. Raman Microspectroscopy evidence of microplastics in human semen. Sci Total Environ 2023; 901:165922. [PMID: 37532047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics (MPs) in human fluids and organs is a great concern, since, as highlighted by recent studies on animal models, they could cause alterations of several physiological functions, including reproduction. In this study, semen samples collected from men living in a polluted area of the Campania Region (Southern Italy), were analyzed to assess the presence of MPs. N. 16 pigmented microplastic fragments (ranging from 2 to 6 μm in size) with spheric or irregular shapes were found in six out of ten samples. All the detected MPs were characterized in terms of morphology (size, colour, and shape) and chemical composition by Raman Microspectroscopy. Chemical composition showed the presence of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM) and acrylic, suggesting ingestion and/or inhalation as a route of exposure to environmental MPs. In this work, we propose for the first time a mechanism by which MPs pass into the semen most likely through the epididymis and seminal vesicles, which are the most susceptible to inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL) Salerno, Coordination Unit of the Network for Environmental and Reproductive Health (Eco-Food Fertility Project), "S. Francesco di Assisi Hospital", 84020 Oliveto Citra, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DiSVA, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, AN, Italy
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DiSVA, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, AN, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Notari
- Check-Up PolyDiagnostics and Research Laboratory, Andrology Unit, Viale Andrea De Luca 5, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Ricciardi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Oriana Motta
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huyghe E, Faix A, Bouker A, Methorst C. [Testicular and epididymal sperm extraction surgery]. Prog Urol 2023; 33:697-709. [PMID: 38012912 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular and epididymal sperm extraction surgery is a frequent procedure. However, to date, there has been no French consensus on the technique to be preferred in the various situations of male infertility and on the best way to perform them. We therefore decided to proceed with a formalized expert consensus, using the method recommended by the French National Authority for Health. The aim was to provide the French urology community with practical advice on how best to perform these procedures. METHODS Twenty-six international experts met online for the consensus. A research committee carried out a comprehensive literature review and prepared the 55 statements submitted to the rating group. After 2 rounds of scoring, 50 recommendations were validated in March 2023, having achieved a consensus of more than 85% among the experts. RESULTS The consensus covered (1) preparation for sperm extraction surgery, (2) the different sperm extraction surgery techniques (Microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration [MESA], Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration [PESA], Conventional Testicular Sperm Extraction [TESE], Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction [micro-TESE]), (3) advice to be given to the patient concerning the postoperative period, before presenting the results of the sperm extraction surgeries. CONCLUSIONS The expert consensus meeting on the performance of sperm extraction surgery presented a set of clinical guidelines based on the available literature and expert opinion. These guidelines should have a favourable effect on the development of this activity in France.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Huyghe
- Département d'urologie, hôpital de Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Service de médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; UMR DEFE, Inserm 1203, université de Toulouse, université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Antoine Faix
- Clinique Saint-Roch, 560, avenue du colonel Pavelet-dit-Villars, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Amin Bouker
- Centre médical Coral, centre urbain Nord, avenue Zohra-Feiza, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Charlotte Methorst
- Service de médecine de la reproduction, hôpital des 4 villes, Saint Cloud, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mohsen Y, Al-Kutoubi A. Imaging of seminal vesicles: a pictorial review. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:3469-3487. [PMID: 37624375 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The seminal vesicles are frequently overlooked when reviewing abdominal and pelvic imaging studies, and normal variants and pathologic conditions are often missed or misinterpreted. This is largely due to lack of familiarity with the organ, its anatomic variants, congenital abnormalities and disease conditions. This pictorial review aims to familiarize the reader with the range of normal appearances, congenital anomalies and disease entities that involve the seminal vesicles to avoid overtreatment and misdiagnoses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Mohsen
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1077, USA.
| | - Aghiad Al-Kutoubi
- Department of Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Omotehara T, Hess RA, Nakata H, Birch LA, Prins GS, Itoh M. Expression patterns of sex steroid receptors in developing mesonephros of the male mouse: three-dimensional analysis. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 393:577-593. [PMID: 37335379 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The androgen pathway via androgen receptor (AR) has received the most attention for development of male reproductive tracts. The estrogen pathway through estrogen receptor (ESR1) is also a major contributor to rete testis and efferent duct formation, but the role of progesterone via progesterone receptor (PGR) has largely been overlooked. Expression patterns of these receptors in the mesonephric tubules (MTs) and Wolffian duct (WD), which differentiate into the efferent ductules and epididymis, respectively, remain unclear because of the difficulty in distinguishing each region of the tracts. This study investigated AR, ESR1, and PGR expressions in the murine mesonephros using three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction. The receptors were localized in serial paraffin sections of the mouse testis and mesonephros by immunohistochemistry on embryonic days (E) 12.5, 15.5, and 18.5. Specific regions of the developing MTs and WD were determined by 3-D reconstruction using Amira software. AR was found first in the specific portion of the MTs near the MT-rete junction at E12.5, and the epithelial expression showed increasing strength from cranial to the caudal regions. Epithelial expression of ESR1 was found in the cranial WD and MTs near the WD first at E15.5. PGR was weakly positive only in the MTs and cranial WD starting on E15.5. This 3-D analysis suggests that gonadal androgen acts first on the MTs near the MT-rete junction but that estrogen is the first to influence MTs near the WD, while potential PGR activity is delayed and limited to the epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Omotehara
- Department of Anatomy and Life Structure, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Rex A Hess
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Chicago, IL, 61821, USA
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Japan
| | - Lynn A Birch
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Gail S Prins
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Masahiro Itoh
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Alhusainan D, Bubishate S, Alharmi A, Elabd A, Almahmid M. Adenomatoid tumor in a young male case report. Urol Case Rep 2023; 50:102486. [PMID: 37455783 PMCID: PMC10344655 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenomatoid tumors are benign para-testicular tumors and account for about 30% of all paratesticular neoplasms in males. The most common presentation is scrotal swelling between the third and fifth decades. We reported an epididymal adenomatoid tumor in a 28-year-old patient.
Collapse
|
22
|
Huang Q, Li J, Yu J. Distribution characteristics of mitochondria-rich segments in the epididymis. Am J Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 12:72-73. [PMID: 37736076 PMCID: PMC10509488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The epididymis is a highly specialized tissue that plays vital roles in sperm maturation and storage. The spatio-temporal repertoire of epididymal cells and their gene expression in the epididymis remain less characterized. With the help of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), Shi et al., reveal a spatio- and segment-specific distribution pattern of mitochondria that adds another layer of complexity to our understanding of the epididymis. They unexpectedly find a higher abundance of mitochondria and mitochondrial transcription in the corpus and cauda compared to the caput of epididymis, which are believed to be responsible for providing the energy necessary for sperm maturation and motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuru Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Eftakhar Jahan Bhuiyan M, Golzar Hossain M, Saha A, Kamrul Islam M, Yeasmin Bari F, Abu Hadi Noor Ali Khan M, Akter S. Protective roles of vitamin C and 5-aminosalicylic acid on reproduction in acrylamide intoxicated male mice. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103738. [PMID: 37538350 PMCID: PMC10393805 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Serious health risks have been connected to ongoing, escalating exposure to environmental toxins and one of them is acrylamide (ACR), an organic compound. Although there are many published reports on ACR toxicity, limited information is available regarding the use of two potential antioxidants against ACR-instigated reproductive toxicity. Aims The study focused on investigating the protective effects of vitamin C and 5-ASA against ACR-incited reproductive toxicity. Methods A total of 50 male mice aged 4 weeks old were treated for 90 days with different concentrations either of ACR or ACR and vitamin C or ACR and 5- ASA or ACR, vitamin C, and 5- ASA. Key results ACR significantly reduced serum testosterone level (p = 0.0037), sperm concentration (p = 0.0004), and percentage of sperm motility (p = 0.003), as well as increased sperm abnormality; head (p = 0.0058), tail (p = 0.001), and midpiece (p = 0.0339). Besides, the weight (p = 0.0006) and length (p = 0.0105) of testes, as well as weight (p = 0.0001) and length (p = 0.0021) of epididymis were decreased along with atrophy of seminiferous tubules of the testis, and disintegration of the tubular epithelium of epididymis on ACR exposed mice which were improved by vitamin C and 5-ASA administration. Conclusions Vitamin C and 5-ASA can potentially mitigate the negative effects of ACR on male reproduction; however, combined application is recommended for better performance. Implications In Bangladesh, this work is anticipated to address the health benefits of vitamin C and 5-ASA, particularly in improving the reproductive health of males against ACR toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Md. Golzar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Saha
- Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Kamrul Islam
- Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Farida Yeasmin Bari
- Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | | | - Sharmin Akter
- Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dai P, Qiao F, Chen Y, Chan DYL, Yim HCH, Fok KL, Chen H. SARS-CoV-2 and male infertility: from short- to long-term impacts. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:1491-1507. [PMID: 36917421 PMCID: PMC10013302 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-caused by a new type of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-has posed severe impacts on public health worldwide and has resulted in a total of > 6 million deaths. Notably, male patients developed more complications and had mortality rates ~ 77% higher than those of female patients. The extensive expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor and related proteins in the male reproductive tract and the association of serum testosterone levels with viral entry and infection have brought attention to COVID-19's effects on male fertility. METHODS The peer-reviewed articles and reviews were obtained by searching for the keywords SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, endocrine, spermatogenesis, epididymis, prostate, and vaccine in the databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar from 2020-2022. RESULTS This review summarizes the effects of COVID-19 on the male reproductive system and investigates the impact of various types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on male reproductive health. We also present the underlying mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 affects male reproduction and discuss the potentially harmful effects of asymptomatic infections, as well as the long-term impact of COVID-19 on male reproductive health. CONCLUSION COVID-19 disrupted the HPG axis, which had negative impacts on spermatogenesis and the epididymis, albeit further investigations need to be performed. The development of vaccines against various SARS-CoV-2 variations is important to lower infection rates and long-term COVID risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Dai
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - F Qiao
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - D Y L Chan
- Assisted Reproductive Technologies Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - H C H Yim
- Microbiome Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, St George and Sutherland Campus, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - K L Fok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - H Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Min VLX, Hinton BT, Hirashima T. Collective cell dynamics and luminal fluid flow in the epididymis: A mechanobiological perspective. Andrology 2023. [PMID: 37415418 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian epididymis is a specialized duct system that serves a critical role in sperm maturation and storage. Its distinctive, highly-coiled tissue morphology provides a unique opportunity to investigate the link between form and function in reproductive biology. While recent genetic studies have identified key genes and signaling pathways involved in the development and physiological functions of the epididymis, there has been limited discussion about the underlying dynamic and mechanical processes that govern these phenomena. In this review, we aim to address this gap by examining two key aspects of the epididymis across its developmental and physiological phases. First, we discuss how the complex morphology of the Wolffian/epididymal duct emerges through collective cell dynamics, including duct elongation, cell proliferation, and arrangement during embryonic development. Second, we highlight dynamic aspects of luminal fluid flow in the epididymis, essential for regulating the microenvironment for sperm maturation and motility, and discuss how this phenomenon emerges and interplays with epididymal epithelial cells. This review not only aims to summarize current knowledge but also to provide a starting point for further exploration of mechanobiological aspects related to the cellular and extracellular fluid dynamics in the epididymis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lee Xi Min
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barry T Hinton
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirashima
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Capra E, Turri F, Lazzari B, Biffani S, Lange Consiglio A, Ajmone Marsan P, Stella A, Pizzi F. CpG DNA methylation changes during epididymal sperm maturation in bulls. Epigenetics Chromatin 2023; 16:20. [PMID: 37254160 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-023-00495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During epididymal transit spermatozoa acquire specific morphological features which enhance their ability to swim in a progressive manner and interact with the oocytes. At the same time, sperm cells undergo specific molecular rearrangements essential for the fertilizing sperm to drive a correct embryo development. To assess epigenetic sperm changes during epididymal maturation, the caput, corpus and cauda epididymis sperm tracts were isolated from eight bulls and characterized for different sperm quality parameters and for CpG DNA methylation using Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) able to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in higher CpG density regions. RESULTS Caput sperm showed significant variation in motility and sperm kinetics variables, whereas spermatozoa collected from the corpus presented morphology variation and significant alterations in variables related to acrosome integrity. A total of 57,583 methylated regions were identified across the eight bulls, showing a significantly diverse distribution for sperm collected in the three epididymal regions. Differential methylation was observed between caput vs corpus (n = 11,434), corpus vs cauda (n = 12,372) and caput vs cauda (n = 2790). During epididymal transit a high proportion of the epigenome was remodeled, showing several regions in which methylation decreases from caput to corpus and increases from corpus to cauda. CONCLUSIONS Specific CpG DNA methylation changes in sperm isolated from the caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis tracts are likely to refine the sperm epigenome during sperm maturation, potentially impacting sperm fertilization ability and spatial organization of the genome during early embryo development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Capra
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council IBBA CNR, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
| | - F Turri
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council IBBA CNR, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - B Lazzari
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council IBBA CNR, 26900, Lodi, Italy
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council IBBA CNR, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - S Biffani
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council IBBA CNR, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - A Lange Consiglio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - P Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Technology-DIANA, and Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center on Sustainable Dairy Production-CREI, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - A Stella
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council IBBA CNR, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - F Pizzi
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council IBBA CNR, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dias FCR, Matta SLP, Lima GDA, Souza ACF, Menezes TP, Melo FCSA, Otoni WC, Neves MM, Gomes MLM. Pfaffia glomerata polyploid accession compromises male fertility and fetal development. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 314:116680. [PMID: 37230282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen has traditionally been used as a tonic and a stimulant by the Brazilian population. It shows higher biomass accumulation and production of secondary compounds, such as the phytosterol 20-hydroxyecdysone. AIMS The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of the root of tetraploid P. glomerata (BGEt) on testicular parenchyma, and its implications on fertility. MATERIAL AND METHODS Adult Swiss mice were divided as: control (water) and sildenafil citrate (7 mg/kg), BGEt at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, and BGEtD 200 mg/kg (treated with BGE every three days). Males (n = 4/group) were mated with normal untreated adult females to assess fertility rates, while other animals (n = 6/group) were euthanized for testis, epididymis, and oxidative stress analyses. RESULTS Increase in tubule diameter and epithelium height in the discontinuous group, in addition to an increase in the proportion of tubules with moderate pathologies was observed. The pre-implantation loss was lower in all treated groups. The post-implantation loss was significantly increased in all treated groups, except for the lowest BGEt dose. BGEt intake caused a decrease in daily sperm production, along with the number and quality of sperm in the epididymis. Changes were observed in protein carbonylation and hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide levels, characterizing oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS The hydroalcoholic extract of P. glomerata tetraploid altered sperm and testicular parameters, compromising embryonic development after implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C R Dias
- Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Sérgio L P Matta
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Graziela D A Lima
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia F Souza
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana P Menezes
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Fabiana C S A Melo
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Wagner C Otoni
- Department of Plant Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcos L M Gomes
- Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ali W, Deng K, Bian Y, Liu Z, Zou H. Spectacular role of epididymis and bio-active cargo of nano-scale exosome in sperm maturation: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114889. [PMID: 37209627 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The epididymis is responsible for post-testicular sperm maturation as it provides a favorable environment for spermatozoa to gain the ability for movement and fertilization. The recent evidence has shown that, the spermatozoa are vulnerable to dynamic variations driven by various cellular exposure mechanisms mediated by epididymosomes. Exosomes provide new insight into a mechanism of intercellular communication because they provide direct evidence for the transfer of several important bio-active cargo elements (proteins, lipid, DNA, mRNA, microRNA, circular RNA, long noncoding RNA) between epididymis and spermatozoa. In broad sense, proteomic analysis of exosomes from epididymis indicates number of proteins that are involved in sperm motility, acrosomal reaction, prevent pre-mature sperm capacitation and male infertility. Pinpointing, how reproductive disorders are associated with bio-active cargo elements of nano-scale exosome in the male reproductive tract. Therefore, the current review presents evidence regarding the distinctive characteristics and functions of nano-scale exosome in the male reproductive tract in both pathological and physiological developments, and argue that these vesicles serve as an important regulator of male reproduction, fertility, and disease susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Kai Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Yusheng Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhuang J, Li X, Yao J, Sun X, Liu J, Nie H, Hu Y, Tu X, Liu H, Qin W, Xie Y. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the local cell landscape in mouse epididymal initial segment during aging. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:21. [PMID: 37170325 PMCID: PMC10173474 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphological and functional alterations in aging reproductive organs result in decreased male fertility. The epididymis functions as the transition region for post-testicular sperm maturation. And we have previously demonstrated that the epididymal initial segment (IS), a region of the reproductive tract essential for sperm maturation and capacitation, undergoes considerable histological changes and chronic immune activation in mice during aging. However, the local aging-associated cellular and molecular changes in the aged epididymal IS are poorly understood. RESULTS We conducted single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on the epididymal IS of young (3-month-old) and old (21-month-old) mice. In total, 10,027 cells from the epididymal IS tissues of young and old mice were obtained and annotated. The cell composition, including the expansion of a principal cell subtype and Ms4a4bHiMs4a6bHi T cells, changed with age. Aged principal cells displayed multiple functional gene expression changes associated with acrosome reaction and sperm maturation, suggesting an asynchronous process of sperm activation and maturation during epididymal transit. Meanwhile, aging-related altered pathways in immune cells, especially the "cell chemotaxis" in Cx3cr1Hi epididymal dendritic cells (eDCs), were identified. The monocyte-specific expression of chemokine Ccl8 increased with age in eDCs. And the aged epididymal IS showed increased inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine secretion. Furthermore, cell-cell communication analysis indicated that age increased inflammatory signaling in the epididymal IS. CONCLUSION Contrary to the general pattern of lower immune responses in the male proximal genital tract, we revealed an inflammaging status in mouse epididymal initial segment. These findings will allow future studies to enable the delay of male reproductive aging via immune regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Zhuang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiahui Yao
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiangzhou Sun
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiumin Liu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hua Nie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute, Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital, Human Sperm Bank of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510600, China
| | - Yang Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute, Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital, Human Sperm Bank of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510600, China
| | - Xiangan Tu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute, Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital, Human Sperm Bank of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510600, China.
| | - Weibing Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute, Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital, Human Sperm Bank of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510600, China.
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Vafadar M, Rakhshankhah N, Salek M, Zarei E. Torsion of epididymal Cyst as a cause of acute Scrotum in a child. Urol Case Rep 2023; 48:102417. [PMID: 37215055 PMCID: PMC10192393 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epididymal cyst is commonly seen in adults and sometimes in children. In most cases of the epididymal cyst, there are no symptoms and the diagnosis is made incidentally during ultrasonography. However, in rare circumstances, such as infection, trauma, or torsion, an epididymal cyst could become painful and require surgical or medical intervention. We report the case of an 11-year-old boy admitted to our hospital with acute right scrotal pain and treated surgically for epidydimal cyst torsion. Torsed epididymal cysts may cause symptoms exactly like testicular torsion. Therefore, It should be considered a differential diagnosis of testicular torsion in pediatrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Vafadar
- Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Ali Asghar Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rakhshankhah
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Salek
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Ali Asghar Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Zarei
- Radiology Department, Ali Asghar Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Trajano FMG, Gomes LTDC, Dantas PB, Sena MOD, Oliveira JIN, Ventura S, Gavioli EC, da Silva Junior ED. Effects of histamine on the contractility of the rat distal cauda epididymis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 945:175603. [PMID: 36804548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The motor activity of the epididymis duct is an essential process for male fertility and it is regulated by hormonal, neuronal and epithelial mechanisms. However, although there is evidence for the presence of histamine in the epididymis, its effects on epididymal motor activity are unknown. This study sought to evaluate the contractile effects of histamine on the rat distal cauda epididymis duct. Segments of the distal cauda epididymis duct from male Wistar rats were isolated and used in isolated organ bath experiments to evaluate the contractile effects of histamine in the absence or presence of antagonists of histamine receptors, α1-adrenoceptors and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. The effects of histamine on noradrenaline induced contractions were also investigated. Histamine was able to induce phasic contractions on rat distal cauda epididymis duct which were prevented by promethazine 10-1000 nM (H1 receptor antagonist), ranitidine 1-100 μM (H2 receptor antagonist), atropine 100 nM (muscarinic antagonist), and prazosin 100 nM (α1-adrenoceptor antagonist). In addition, histamine was also able to modify noradrenaline-induced contractions possibly via activation of H1 and H2 receptors. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that histamine can induce phasic contractions of rat distal cauda epididymis via H2 receptors and autonomic neurotransmitters. Histamine may also exert modulatory actions on contractions of rat distal cauda epididymis duct induced by adrenergic receptor agonists. Further studies are necessary to unveil the localization of histamine receptors within the epididymal duct and the consequences of manipulation of the histaminergic system on epididymal function and male fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedro Brüch Dantas
- Mode of Drug Action Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Maele Oliveira de Sena
- Mode of Drug Action Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jonas Ivan Nobre Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Sabatino Ventura
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Elaine Cristina Gavioli
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Edilson Dantas da Silva Junior
- Mode of Drug Action Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Furthner E, Fabian R, Kipar A, Schuler G, Janett F, Nudelmann N, Kutter APN, Reichler IM. Epididymectomy as a novel surgical procedure; application in the domestic cat. Theriogenology 2023; 200:168-178. [PMID: 36806926 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Feline overpopulation raises issues concerning health, ecology, economy, and ethics. Procedures to limit overpopulation should carefully address animal welfare, efficiency, costs, and feasibility. Vasectomy in unowned cats is suggested as preferable to standard neutering as it maintains male sexual behaviour which may induce ovulation and pseudopregnancy in intact females and may prevent immigration of other males. Vasectomy is not performed routinely because it is fastidious, time consuming and requires more material than standard neutering. We describe epididymectomy as an alternative. In a first experiment, we analysed semen, testosterone, behaviour and pain in six experimental cats before and after epididymectomy, and after castration two months later. Excised tissues were analysed histologically. Testosterone concentrations did not differ significantly between intact and epididymectomised animals but were significantly different after castration. Sexual behaviour and testicular spermatogenesis persisted after epididymectomy, but with a marked drop in the semen count after 7 days. The Glasgow pain scores did not differ significantly after epididymectomy and castration. In a subsequent experiment, 20 privately owned cats were epididymectomised and castrated immediately afterwards, to analyse the learning curve and perioperative complications. The time required for an epididymectomy was significantly shorter than for castration. The study confirms that epididymectomy is quicker and less invasive than castration, it is associated with minimal risks and post-operative pain while easy to learn and inexpensive. Further field studies are required to test its efficiency for feline feral population control or in other species such as in bears, lions or deer, where infertility is required and castration not wanted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Furthner
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Centre d'Etude en Reproduction des Carnivores, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Rosalie Fabian
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Kipar
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Schuler
- Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fredi Janett
- Section of Andrology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Nudelmann
- Centre d'Etude en Reproduction des Carnivores, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Annette P N Kutter
- Section of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Iris M Reichler
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gelikman DG, Imam AS, Parker J, Leone AR. Adnexal smooth muscle hyperplasia resulting in non-traumatic testicular dislocation: A case report. Urol Case Rep 2023; 47:102360. [PMID: 36895466 PMCID: PMC9988458 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors of the para-testicular adnexa are very rare and are typically histologically diagnosed as adenomatoid neoplasms, leiomyomata, or smooth muscle hyperplasia. Though these masses are usually benign, the potential for malignancy and mass effect causing intrascrotal discomfort necessitate proper diagnosis and excision. Herein, we describe a unique case of gradual, atraumatic testicular dislocation in a 40-year-old male caused by smooth muscle hyperplasia of the testicular adnexa affecting the epididymis and vas deferens. This case highlights the diagnostic and surgical challenges associated with this presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G Gelikman
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Ahmad S Imam
- Department of Urology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Justin Parker
- Department of Urology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Urology, C. W. Bill Young Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bay Pines, FL, USA
| | - Andrew R Leone
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.,Department of Urology, C. W. Bill Young Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bay Pines, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chicaiza-Cabezas N, Garcia-Herreros M, Aponte PM. Germplasm cryopreservation in bulls: Effects of gonadal tissue type, cryoprotectant agent, and freezing-thawing rates on sperm quality parameters. Cryobiology 2023; 110:24-35. [PMID: 36603805 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Germplasm preservation is crucial for reproductive programs involving farm and endangered species. This study describes the effects of slow-uncontrolled cryopreservation protocols on bovine sperm associated with testicular or epididymal tissues. Samples from the testis or epididymis (cauda) were cut into ∼0.5 or 1 cm3 fragments and cryopreserved using Me2SO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) or glycerol-based cryoprotectants. Sperm were collected from testicular or epididymal tissue before and after freezing-thawing (38 °C or 40 °C) and kept at room temperature (RT) or 4 °C during handling. The parameters studied were viability, membrane integrity (HOS), motility, acrosome integrity, chromatin, and morphology. Pre-freezing parameters were lower in testicular sperm than epididymal: HOS+ and DNA integrity (P < 0.05). Normal-% pre-freezing testicular sperm morphology was lower than epididymal (43.3 ± 1.8% vs. 65.3 ± 14.8%). All testicular RT-kept sperm parameters decreased post-freezing, except for acrosome integrity, which remained constant (P > 0.05). There were no differences in Me2SO-frozen tissue sizes (P > 0.05). All epididymal RT-kept sperm parameters dropped post-freezing except for the constant DNA integrity (P > 0.05). 4oC-kept sperm were fitter than those at RT (P < 0.05). 4oC-kept testicular sperm viability, DNA, and membrane integrities declined after 38 °C or 40 °C thawing (P < 0.05). Acrosome integrity and motility remained unchanged after freezing (P > 0.05). 4oC-kept epididymal sperm acrosome integrity, motility, and HOS+% severely dropped post-thawing (P < 0.05). Viability and DNA integrity were unchanged (38 °C vs. 40 °C; P > 0.05). Overall, post-freezing sperm morphology was unaffected (P > 0.05), but Dag defect was significantly lower in testicular samples (P < 0.05). Whole-epididymis parameters were maintained up to 24h at 4 °C (P > 0.05). In conclusion, testis-epididymis freezing protocols should use small tissue pieces, Me2SO-based cryoprotectants, and 4°C-kept samples to reduce sperm damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Chicaiza-Cabezas
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Campus Cumbayá, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, 170157, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M Garcia-Herreros
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I. P. (INIAV, I.P.), Polo de Santarém, Santarém, 2005-048, Portugal
| | - P M Aponte
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Campus Cumbayá, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, 170157, Quito, Ecuador; Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Campus Cumbayá, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, 170157, Quito, Ecuador; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Campus Cumbayá, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, 170157, Quito, Ecuador.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jun HJ, Ali ZA, Charest A. Male sterility in ROS1 receptor tyrosine kinase conditionally deleted in epididymal epithelial. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2023; 1870:119413. [PMID: 36535370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
36
|
Munipalli SB, Yenugu S. Uroplakin 1a Knockout Mice Display Marginal Reduction in Fecundity, Decreased Bacterial Clearance Capacity, and Drastic Changes in the Testicular Transcriptome. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:914-927. [PMID: 36042152 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Uroplakins (UPKs) form physical and chemical barriers in the bladder and other urinary tract tissues. We previously reported the identification and localization of UPKs in the male reproductive tract of rat. In this study, we characterized Upk1a knockout mice and report a marginal reduction in fecundity associated with significant decrease in sperm count. Upk1a mice had lower bacterial clearance capacity when challenged with uropathogenic Escherichia coli for 1 to 5 days. High-throughput analyses of testicular transcriptome indicated that 1128 genes that are expressed in testis of wild-type mice were completely absent in the knockout, while 2330 genes were found to be expressed only in the testis of knockout mice. Furthermore, differential regulation of 148 (67 upregulated and 81 downregulated) was observed. Gene ontology analyses indicated that processes related to integral components of membrane (plasma membrane), G-protein receptor activity and signaling, olfactory receptor activity and perception of smell, organization of extracellular space/region, immune and inflammatory responses to pathogens, spermatid development, meiotic cell cycle, and formation of synaptonemal complex were affected. Results of this study provide evidence on the possible multi-functional role of Upk1a in male reproductive tract and in other tissues as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Yenugu
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Coatti GC, Paranjapye A, Harris A. Dual SMAD inhibition enhances the longevity of human epididymis epithelial cells. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 391:409-417. [PMID: 36454271 PMCID: PMC9713186 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03712-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Primary human epididymis epithelial (HEE) cells are valuable reagents for functional studies on the human epididymis. We used them previously to determine the transcriptional networks that establish cell identity along the length of the epididymis from caput, corpus, and cauda. These studies on HEE cells and organoids derived from them revealed important cellular properties. However, similar to other primary cells, HEE cells undergo replicative senescence and de-differentiation in culture. A cocktail of small molecules was shown elsewhere to extend longevity of epithelial basal cells. The components included transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonists, WNT agonist, and Rho-associated and coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor (ROCKi), which together prevented the senescence-related upregulation of TGF-β signaling pathway members. Here, we treat HEE cells with the same cocktail and observed enhanced replicative potential and prolonged expression of markers of HEE differentiation. This treatment expands the differentiated HEE cell population available from individual epididymis tissue samples that can be used for molecular, cellular, and functional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana C Coatti
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Alekh Paranjapye
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ann Harris
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cokkinos DD, Partovi S, Rafailidis V, Sierrou C, Fragkouli T, Tsolaki S, Kalogeropoulos I. Role and added value of contrast enhanced ultrasound of the painful scrotum in the emergency setting. J Ultrasound 2023:10.1007/s40477-022-00764-2. [PMID: 36627548 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-022-00764-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergency imaging of the scrotum is part of routine medical practice. Indications include epididymitis/epididymo-orchitis, testicular torsion, trauma, tumors and infarction. Prompt diagnosis and management are needed to ensure optimal patient outcome. Ultrasound (US) is the initial, and often the only, imaging modality for testicular pathologies. Usually, B-mode and color Doppler US are adequate. In challenging cases, contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) facilitates final diagnosis or increases the examiner's confidence by confirming findings on non-enhanced US. This paper elaborates on the examination technique of CEUS for testicular pathologies, thereby showing its added value over baseline US techniques in the emergency setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sasan Partovi
- Section of Interventional Radiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vasileios Rafailidis
- Department of Radiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Sierrou
- Radiology Department, Evangelismos Hospital, 5 Dorylaiou, 11521, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Sofia Tsolaki
- Radiology Department, Evangelismos Hospital, 5 Dorylaiou, 11521, Athens, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wu X, He X, Liu Q, Li H. The developmental miR-17-92 cluster and the Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster cannot rescue the abnormal embryonic development generated using obstructive epididymal environment-producing sperm in C57BL/6 J mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:164. [PMID: 36451157 PMCID: PMC9710060 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-01025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sperm, during epididymal transit, acquires microRNAs(miRNAs), which are crucial for embryonic development. However, whether sperm miRNAs influenced by an obstructive epididymal environment affect embryonic development remains unknown. METHOD The sham operation and vasectomy were performed in C57BL/6 J mice to create the control group (CON) and the obstructive epididymal environment group(OEE) group, respectively. The morphology of the testis and epididymis was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE staining) to establish the OEE mice model. The sperm quality test, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and epididymosomes fusion were employed to observe the effect of the obstructive epididymal environment on sperm and resultant embryonic development. The alteration of the sperm small RNA (sRNA) profile was analyzed by sRNA sequencing. RT-qPCR and DNA methylation were applied to observe the effect of obstructive epididymis on the expression of sperm miRNAs. The miRNAs microinjection was used to explore the impacts of sperm miRNAs on embryonic development. RESULTS We confirmed postoperative 8-week mice as the OEE mice model by examining the morphology of the testis and epididymis. In the OEE group, we observed that sperm quality degraded and the development potential of embryos was reduced, which can be saved by the normal epididymal environment. The sperm sRNA sequencing revealed that the expression of the developmental miR-17-92 cluster and the Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster was downregulated in the OEE group. The expression of these two miRNA clusters in epididymis was also downregulated and regulated by DNA methylation. However, the downregulation of either the miR-17-92 cluster or the Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster in normal zygotes did not impair embryonic development. CONCLUSION The obstructive epididymal environment influences sperm quality and resultant embryonic development, as well as the abundance of the developmental miR-17-92 cluster and the Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster in sperm, but these miRNA clusters are not the cause of abnormal embryonic development. It implies that epididymis is important in early embryonic development and may play a potential role in sperm epigenome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xunwei Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei He
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Li
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ji JJ, Guan FJ, Yao Y, Sun LJ, Zhang GM. Testis and epididymis–unusual sites of metastatic gastric cancer: A case report and review of the literature. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:11974-11979. [PMID: 36405257 PMCID: PMC9669852 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i32.11974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, cases of gastric cancer metastasis to the male reproductive system are rare. Here, we report a case involving testicular and epididymal gastric cancer metastases.
CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old Chinese man complained of experiencing a palpable painful mass in the right scrotum for 6 mo. He had undergone distal gastrectomy with chemotherapy for pT3N3aMx poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma 9 mo before. Physical examination revealed a moderate right hydrocele and a painful mass in the right testis and epididymis. Serum tumor biomarkers were all normal except for elevated beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels. Computed tomography urography and B-ultrasound imaging revealed a moderate right hydrocele and a mixed solid-cystic mass in the right testicular and epididymal area. Thus, the patient underwent right radical orchiectomy. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor cells were positive for pancytokeratins and caudal related homeodomain transcription 2. Metastatic, poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma of the testis and epididymis was confirmed by pathology. He continued to undergo chemotherapy at the department of oncology of our hospital. Mesenteric lymph node metastases were found at the postoperative 1-mo follow-up.
CONCLUSION Palpable, painful scrotal mass, history of gastric cancer, and imaging features may indicate testicular and epididymal metastatic gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Ji
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Feng-Ju Guan
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Jiang Sun
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gui-Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Roca J, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Padilla L, Lucas X, Barranco I. Extracellular vesicles in seminal fluid and effects on male reproduction. An overview in farm animals and pets. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 246:106853. [PMID: 34556398 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nanovesicles released by most functional cells to body fluids, containing bioactive molecules, mainly proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids having actions at target cells. The EVs have essential functions in cell-to-cell communication by regulating different biological processes in target cells. Fluids from the male reproductive tract, including seminal plasma, contain many extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which have been evaluated to a lesser extent than those of other body fluids, particularly in farm animals and pets. Results from the few studies that have been conducted indicated epithelial cells of the testis, epididymis, ampulla of ductus deferens and many accessory sex glands release sEVs mainly via apocrine mechanisms. The sEVs are morphologically heterogeneous and bind to functional cells of the male reproductive tract, spermatozoa, and cells of the functional tissues of the female reproductive tract after mating or insemination. The sEVs encapsulate proteins and miRNAs that modulate sperm functions and male fertility. The sEVs, therefore, could be important as reproductive biomarkers in breeding sires. Many of the current findings regarding sEV functions, however, need experimental confirmation. Further studies are particularly needed to characterize both membranes and contents of sEVs, as well as the interaction between sEVs and target cells (spermatozoa and functional cells of the internal female reproductive tract). A priority for conducting these studies is development of methods that can be standardized and that are scalable, cost-effective and time-saving for isolation of different subtypes of EVs present in the entire population of sEVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Roca
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lorena Padilla
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Xiomara Lucas
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Barranco
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, IT-40064 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Arun S, Kamollerd T, Tangsrisakda N, Bunsueb S, Chaiyamoon A, Wu AT, Iamsaard S. Momordica charantia fruit extract with antioxidant capacity improves the expression of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in epididymal fluid of chronic stress rats. J Integr Med 2022; 20:534-42. [PMID: 36167706 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the protective effects of Momordica charantia L. (MC) extract on chemical-induced testicular damage have been studied, the preventive effects of MC extract on functional proteins in the epididymis under chronic stress have never been reported. This study investigated the protective effects of MC fruit extract on protein secretion, especially tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, in the epididymis of rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). METHODS Total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoid compounds (TFC) and antioxidant capacities of MC extract were measured. Adult male rats were divided into 4 groups: control group, CUS group, and 2 groups of CUS that received different doses of MC extract (40 or 80 mg/kg). In treated groups, rats were given MC daily, followed by induction of CUS (1 stressor was randomly applied from a battery of 9 potential stressors) for 60 consecutive days. Plasma corticosterone and testosterone levels were analyzed after the end of experiment. Expressions of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP-70) and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins present in the fluid of the head and tail of the epididymis were quantified using Western blot. RESULTS MC extract contained TPC of (19.005 ± 0.270) mg gallic acid equivalents and TFC of (0.306 ± 0.012) mg catechin equivalents per gram, and had 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant capacity of (4.985 ± 0.086) mg trolox equivalents per gram, radical 50% inhibitory concentration of (2.011 ± 0.008) mg/mL and ferric reducing antioxidant power of (23.697 ± 0.819) µmol Fe(II) per gram. Testosterone level in the epididymis was significantly increased, while the corticosterone level was significantly improved in groups treated with MC extract, compared to the CUS animals. Particularly, an 80 mg/kg dose of MC extract prevented the impairments of HSP-70 and tyrosine-phosphorylated protein expressions in the luminal fluid of the epididymis of CUS rats. CONCLUSION MC fruit extract had antioxidant activities and improved the functional proteins secreted from the head and tail of the epididymis. It is possible to develop the MC fruit extract as a male fertility supplement for enhancing functional sperm maturation in stressed men.
Collapse
|
43
|
Rodriguez-Martinez H, Roca J, Alvarez-Rodriguez M, Martinez-Serrano CA. How does the boar epididymis regulate the emission of fertile spermatozoa? Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 246:106829. [PMID: 34452796 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The epididymis is responsible for peripheral immune tolerance of maturing spermatozoa even though these have xeno-antigens foreign to the male and female immune system. The epididymis also produces factors required for fertilization and serves as a sperm repository until the time of ejaculation. These reproduction-relevant epididymal functions occur in the mesonephros-derived duct-system that is composed of absorptive and secretory epithelial cells with the capacity for merocrine and apocrine secretion of proteins, antioxidative- and electrolyte/pH-regulating enzymes and small, non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), many stored in epididymosomes for sperm adhesion and long-lasting modifications of sperm functions. This paper provides a review summary of current and new knowledge of how the boar epididymis affects the quality of spermatozoa in the ejaculate of breeding boars. There is a particular focus on sperm maturation, survival, function and the role of signaling to the female immune system in fertility modulation. Furthermore, aspects related to the ductus epithelial contributions regarding electrolyte control, protein production, release of epididymosomes that contain sncRNAs are emphasized as are novel associations with fertility of the male, sperm quiescence during storage in the cauda epididymis, and on changes occurring in sperm subsequent to ejaculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Jordi Roca
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Alvarez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Cristina A Martinez-Serrano
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Girardet L, Cyr DG, Belleannée C. Arl13b controls basal cell stemness properties and Hedgehog signaling in the mouse epididymis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:556. [PMID: 36261680 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells orchestrate a series of intercellular signaling events in response to tissue damage. While the epididymis is composed of a pseudostratified epithelium that controls the acquisition of male fertility, the maintenance of its integrity in the context of tissue damage or inflammation remains largely unknown. Basal cells of the epididymis contain a primary cilium, an organelle that controls cellular differentiation in response to Hedgehog signaling cues. Hypothesizing its contribution to epithelial homeostasis, we knocked out the ciliary component ARL13B in keratin 5-positive basal cells. In this model, the reduced size of basal cell primary cilia was associated with impaired Hedgehog signaling and the loss of KRT5, KRT14, and P63 basal cell markers. When subjected to tissue injury, the epididymal epithelium from knock-out mice displayed imbalanced rates of cell proliferation/apoptosis and failed to properly regenerate in vivo. This response was associated with changes in the transcriptomic landscape related to immune response, cell differentiation, cell adhesion, and triggered severe hypoplasia of the epithelium. Together our results indicate that the ciliary GTPase, ARL13B, participates in the transduction of the Hedgehog signaling pathway to maintain basal cell stemness needed for tissue regeneration. These findings provide new insights into the role of basal cell primary cilia as safeguards of pseudostratified epithelia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Girardet
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, CHU de Québec Research Center (CHUL), Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel G Cyr
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, CHU de Québec Research Center (CHUL), Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Clémence Belleannée
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, CHU de Québec Research Center (CHUL), Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lv DY, Xie HJ, Cui F, Zhou HY, Shuang WB. Bilateral occurrence of sperm granulomas in the left spermatic cord and on the right epididymis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:10787-10793. [PMID: 36312507 PMCID: PMC9602242 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i29.10787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sperm granuloma is a rare disease in clinical andrology and its incidence is still unclear worldwide. According to the existing literature, sperm granuloma often occurs unilaterally. Clinical and ultrasound features are similar to epididymal tuberculosis, chronic epididymitis and other diseases. Sperm granuloma is usually diagnosed based on postoperative histopathological and immunohistochemical examination.
CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to the presence of a left scrotal mass for 3 mo and aggravation of pain for 1 wk. The lesions at both sites were surgically resected. Postoperative pathological examination showed that the left spermatic cord mass and the right epididymal mass were consistent with sperm granuloma. The sperm granulomas then recurred 3 mo after surgery. There is little change in the local mass so far.
CONCLUSION The case report is helpful for our understanding of this disease. In clinical diagnosis, it should be distinguished from epididymal tuberculosis, chronic epididymitis and other diseases. Color Doppler ultrasound can be used as a preferred examination method but postoperative pathological examination is still needed for diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yang Lv
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hong-Jie Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Fan Cui
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hui-Yu Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wei-Bing Shuang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kiyozumi D. The molecular mechanisms of mammalian sperm maturation regulated by NELL2-ROS1 lumicrine signaling. J Biochem 2022; 172:341-346. [PMID: 36071564 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In terrestrial vertebrates, spermatozoa generated in the testis are transported through the reproductive tract toward outside the body. In addition to as the pathway of sperm transport, the male reproductive tract also functions as the site of post-testicular sperm maturation and the epididymis, which constitutes the majority of male reproductive tract, plays central roles in such a sperm maturation. Recent studies with gene-modified animals have been unveiling not only the molecular mechanisms of sperm maturation in the epididymis but the regulatory system by which the epididymis acquires and executes sperm maturing functions. In this review, the mechanisms of mammalian sperm maturation will be summarized, based on recent findings including the lumicrine regulation of sperm maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiji Kiyozumi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zeng F, Zhu X, Li C, Han B, Meng L, Li L, Wei H, Zhang S. Carboxypeptidase E protein regulates porcine sperm Ca 2+ influx to affect capacitation and fertilization. Theriogenology 2022; 192:28-37. [PMID: 36041383 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian spermatozoa acquire their fertilizing ability in the epididymis, which is important for sperm maturation and capacitation. Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) is a prohormone-processing enzyme and sorting receptor that functions intracellularly. Recently, CPE was identified to exist in the seminal plasma. However, little is known about the effects of CPE on reproductive function. This study focused on the effects of CPE on sperm function and fertilization. Herein, CPE was identified to be localized in the boar sperm, testis, epididymis, accessory gonad and seminal plasma, with high expression found in the bulbourethral glands and cauda epididymis. Furthermore, compared with high motility spermatozoa, a decrease in CPE abundance was observed in low motile spermatozoa by Western blot analysis. The use of specific antibody to inhibit the CPE in spermatozoa led to a decrease in sperm motility, followed by an expected decrease in acrosome exocytosis and tyrosine phosphorylation in the capacitation process. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) influx, which resulted in a significant decrease in the cleavage rate during in vitro fertilization (IVF). Based on these observations, we suggest that CPE might affect porcine sperm Ca2+ influx to participate in the regulation of sperm function during capacitation.
Collapse
|
48
|
Cyr DG, Pinel L. Emerging organoid models to study the epididymis in male reproductive toxicology. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 112:88-99. [PMID: 35810924 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The importance of the epididymis on sperm maturation and consequently male fertility has been well documented. The pseudostratified epithelium of the epididymis is comprised of multiple cell types, including principal cells, which are the most abundant, and basal cells. The role of basal cells has been unclear and has been a source of discussion in the literature. However, the recent demonstration that these cells are multipotent or adult stem cells has opened new areas of research in epididymal biology. One such avenue is to understand the regulation of these stem cells, and to exploit their properties to develop tools for toxicological studies to elucidate the effects of chemicals on cell differentiation and epididymal function in vitro. Studies in both rat and mouse have shown that purified single epididymal basal cells cultured under 3D conditions can proliferate and differentiate to form organoids, or mini organs. Furthermore, these epididymal basal stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into other epididymal cell types. It is known that during epididymal development, basal cells are derived from undifferentiated columnar cells, which have been reported to share common properties to stem cells. Like basal cells, these undifferentiated columnar cells can also form organoids under 3D culture conditions and can differentiate into basal, principal and clear cells. Organoids derived from either basal cells or columnar cells offer unique models for toxicology studies and represent an exciting and emerging approach to understand the epididymis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Cyr
- Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Laurie Pinel
- Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zeng J, Ge W, Duan H, Lv J, Ding Z, Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Hu J. Effect of dihydrotestosterone on melatonin secretion and the expression of melatonin receptors and apoptosis-related factors in sheep epididymides. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1244-1254. [PMID: 35775862 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MEL) is involved in homeostasis of the epididymis lumen environment. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) partakes in the development of gonads and organs in male animals. However, whether MEL secretion, the expression of its receptors, MT1 and MT2, and sheep epididymal epithelial cell apoptosis is regulated by DHT remains unclear. In this study, we used immunohistochemical staining to detect the distribution patterns of DHT synthetases [5α-reductase (5α-red)] and its androgen receptor (AR) in sheep epididymides. 5α-red1, 5α-red2, and AR were positively expressed in sperm, epididymal epithelial cells, and the smooth muscle cells of the caput, corpus, and cauda regions of the epididymis. DHT concentration and the expression levels of 5α-red and AR in the caput, corpus, and cauda regions were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis. DHT concentration in the caput was significantly higher than those in corpus and cauda, probably because of the high expression of 5α-red2 in the caput and secretion and transport of DHT by the testicles. DHT inhibited MEL secretion, the expression of its membrane receptors, and MEL synthetases in cultured sheep epididymal epithelial cells in vitro. In addition, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, ACT CASP3, and caspase-3 mRNA expression were also decreased. The decreasing effect was partially reversed after flutamide treatment. Therefore, DHT regulates sheep epididymal function by influencing MEL expression and apoptosis-related factors. This study provides basic data for further research on the reproductive physiology of male animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Ge
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianshu Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ziqiang Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hadziselimovic F, Verkauskas G, Stadler M. A novel role for CFTR interaction with LH and FGF in azoospermia and epididymal maldevelopment caused by cryptorchidism. Basic Clin Androl 2022; 32:10. [PMID: 35725394 PMCID: PMC9210799 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-022-00160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptorchidism occurs frequently in children with cystic fibrosis. Among boys with cryptorchidism and abrogated mini-puberty, the development of the epididymis and the vas deferens is frequently impaired. This finding suggests that a common cause underlies the abnormal development of Ad spermatogonia and the epididymis. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an ATP-binding cassette transporter protein that acts as a chloride channel. The CFTR gene has been associated with spermatogenesis and male fertility. In boys with cryptorchidism, prepubertal hypogonadotropic hypogonadism induces suboptimal expression of the ankyrin-like protein gene, ASZ1, the P-element induced wimpy testis-like gene, PIWIL, and CFTR. The abrogated expression of these gene leads to transposon reactivation, and ultimately, infertility. Curative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment stimulates the expression of CFTR and PIWIL3, which play important roles in the development of Ad spermatogonia and fertility. Furthermore, GnRHa stimulates the expression of the epididymal androgen-sensitive genes, CRISP1, WFDC8, SPINK13, and PAX2, which thereby promotes epididymal development. This review focuses on molecular evidence that favors a role for CFTR in cryptorchidism-induced infertility. Based on information available in the literature, we interpreted our RNA-Seq expression data obtained from samples before and after randomized GnRHa treatment in boys with bilateral cryptorchidism. We propose that, in boys with cryptorchidism, CFTR expression is controlled by luteinizing hormone and testosterone. Moreover, CFTR regulates the activities of genes that are important for fertility and Wolffian duct differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Hadziselimovic
- Cryptorchidism Research Institute, Children's Day Care Center Liestal, 4410, Liestal, Schweiz, Switzerland.
| | - Gilvydas Verkauskas
- Children's Surgery Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Michael Stadler
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|