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Toriseva M, Björkgren I, Junnila A, Mehmood A, Mattsson J, Raimoranta I, Kim B, Laiho A, Nees M, Elo L, Poutanen M, Breton S, Sipilä P. RUNX transcription factors are essential in maintaining epididymal epithelial differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:183. [PMID: 38630262 PMCID: PMC11023966 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Apart from the androgen receptor, transcription factors (TFs) that are required for the development and formation of the different segments of the epididymis have remained unknown. We identified TF families expressed in the developing epididymides, of which many showed segment specificity. From these TFs, down-regulation of runt related transcription factors (RUNXs) 1 and 2 expression coincides with epithelial regression in Dicer1 cKO mice. Concomitant deletion of both Runx1 and Runx2 in a mouse epididymal epithelial cell line affected cell morphology, adhesion and mobility in vitro. Furthermore, lack of functional RUNXs severely disturbed the formation of 3D epididymal organoid-like structures. Transcriptomic analysis of the epididymal cell organoid-like structures indicated that RUNX1 and RUNX2 are involved in the regulation of MAPK signaling, NOTCH pathway activity, and EMT-related gene expression. This suggests that RUNXs are master regulators of several essential signaling pathways, and necessary for the maintenance of proper differentiation of the epididymal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Toriseva
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Research Unit and FICAN West Cancer Centre Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ida Björkgren
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Arttu Junnila
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Arfa Mehmood
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jesse Mattsson
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Research Unit and FICAN West Cancer Centre Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Inka Raimoranta
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Bongki Kim
- Program in Membrane Biology/Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Chungcheongnam-do, Yesan, 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Matthias Nees
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Research Unit and FICAN West Cancer Centre Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Elo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Sylvie Breton
- Program in Membrane Biology/Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center-CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Petra Sipilä
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Jokelainen M, Kautiainen H, Nenonen A, Stach-Lempinen B, Klemetti MM. First-trimester HbA 1c in relation to plasma glucose concentrations in an oral glucose tolerance test at 12 to 16 weeks' gestation-a population-based study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:53. [PMID: 38414049 PMCID: PMC10898079 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset GDM often requires pharmacological treatment and is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, but data is insufficient regarding the best methods to identify high-risk women requiring early GDM screening. The aim of this study was to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c in the prediction of (1) plasma glucose concentrations > 90th percentile in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 12-16 weeks' gestation; and (2) pharmacologically treated early- or late-onset GDM. METHODS HbA1c was measured at 8-14 weeks' gestation in a population-based cohort of 1394 Finnish women recruited for the Early Diagnosis of Diabetes in Pregnancy (EDDIE) study between 3/2013 and 12/2016. Information on maternal risk factors were collected at recruitment. Subsequently, a 2-hour 75 g OGTT was performed at 12-16 weeks' gestation (OGTT1), and if normal, repeated at 24-28 weeks' gestation (OGTT2). Early- and late-onset GDM were diagnosed using the same nationally endorsed cut-offs for fasting, 1 h- and 2 h-plasma glucose: ≥5.3, ≥ 10.0mmol/l, and/or ≥ 8.6mmol/l, respectively. In total, 52/1394 (3.7%) women required metformin or insulin treatment for GDM, including 39 women with early-onset GDM diagnosed at OGTT1 and 13 women with late-onset GDM diagnosed at OGTT2. RESULTS Maternal early-pregnancy HbA1c ≥ 35mmol/mol (≥ 5.4%) was the best cut-off to predict fasting or post-load plasma glucose > 90th percentile in OGTT1, but its diagnostic accuracy was low [AUC (95% CI) 0.65 (0.62 to 0.69), sensitivity 0.55 (0.49 to 0.60) and specificity 0.67 (0.64 to 0.70)] both alone and in combination with other maternal risk factors. However, HbA1c ≥ 35mmol/mol correlated positively with plasma glucose concentrations at all time points of OGTT1 and predicted pharmacologically treated GDM diagnosed at OGTT1 or OGTT2; AUC (95% CI) 0.75 (0.68 to 0.81), sensitivity 0.75 (0.61 to 0.86), specificity 0.64 (0.61 to 0.66). CONCLUSIONS In our population-based cohort, early-pregnancy HbA1c ≥ 35mmol/mol was positively associated with fasting and post-load plasma glucose concentrations in an OGTT at 12-16 weeks' gestation and predicted pharmacologically-treated early- and late-onset GDM, suggesting potential utility in first-trimester identification of women at high risk of severe GDM subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Jokelainen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, South Karelia Central Hospital, Valto Käkelän katu 1, Lappeenranta, 53130, Finland
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki, 000290, Finland
- Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, Kuopio, FI, 70029 KYS, Finland
| | - Arja Nenonen
- Laboratory Center, South Karelia Central Hospital, Valto Käkelän katu 1, Lappeenranta, 53130, Finland
| | - Beata Stach-Lempinen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, South Karelia Central Hospital, Valto Käkelän katu 1, Lappeenranta, 53130, Finland
| | - Miira M Klemetti
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, South Karelia Central Hospital, Valto Käkelän katu 1, Lappeenranta, 53130, Finland.
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland.
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Li R, Karukivi M, Lindblom J, Korja R, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Nolvi S. Trajectories of COVID-19 pandemic-related depressive symptoms and potential predictors: the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:151-163. [PMID: 37668674 PMCID: PMC10799828 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health problems have been reported, and parents of young children may be more vulnerable to psychological distress due to increased caregiving responsibilities. However, research on the heterogeneity of the longitudinal course of psychological symptoms during the pandemic and the predispositions linked with these courses is still scarce. This study aimed to identify differential trajectories of depressive symptoms among the parents of young children and investigate the role of temperament traits, alexithymia, and coping styles in the heterogeneity of the symptom trajectories. METHODS The sample consists of 844 parents from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Latent growth mixture modeling was utilized to identify trajectories of depressive symptoms from pre-pandemic between 2014 and 2019 (T0, the closest available measurement was used) to May/June 2020 (T1) and December 2020 (T2) during the pandemic. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine temperament, alexithymia, and coping as predictors of symptom trajectories, controlling for various background factors. RESULTS Four trajectories of depressive symptoms were identified. Most parents experienced low and stable depressive symptoms. Negative affect, effortful control, alexithymia, emotion-diverting coping (self-distraction and venting), and avoidant coping (denial and behavioral disengagement) were predictors for subclinical stable depressive symptoms. Constructive coping (positive reframing, acceptance, and humor) protected the cohort parents from increasing or moderately high depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings have implications for identifying vulnerable individuals with specific traits and strengthening of constructive coping strategies as possible foci in interventions for depression during global crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Li
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Medisiina A, Kiinamyllynkatu 8-10, Turku, Finland.
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Max Karukivi
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jallu Lindblom
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Riikka Korja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Medisiina A, Kiinamyllynkatu 8-10, Turku, Finland
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Medisiina A, Kiinamyllynkatu 8-10, Turku, Finland
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Nolvi
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medical Psychology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Hurme P, Sahla R, Rückert B, Vahlberg T, Turunen R, Vuorinen T, Akdis M, Söderlund‐Venermo M, Akdis C, Jartti T. Human bocavirus 1 coinfection is associated with decreased cytokine expression in the rhinovirus-induced first wheezing episode in children. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12311. [PMID: 38006383 PMCID: PMC10642552 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinovirus (RV)-induced first wheezing episodes in children are associated with a markedly increased risk of asthma. Previous studies have suggested that human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) may modify RV-induced immune responses in young children. We investigated cytokine profiles of sole RV- and dual RV-HBoV1-induced first wheezing episodes, and their association with severity and prognosis. METHODS Fifty-two children infected with only RV and nine children infected with dual RV-HBoV1, aged 3-23 months, with severe first wheezing episodes were recruited. At acute illness and 2 weeks later, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, and stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 in vitro. Multiplex ELISA was used to quantitatively identify 56 different cytokines at both study points. Patients were prospectively followed for 4 years. RESULTS The mean age of the children was 14.3 months, and 30% were sensitized. During the acute illness, the adjusted analyses revealed a decrease in the expression of IL-1b, MIP-1b, Regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted (CCL5), TNF-a, TARC, and ENA-78 in the RV-HBoV1 group compared with the RV group. In the convalescence phase, the RV-HBoV1 group was characterized by decreased expression of Fractalkine, MCP-3, and IL-8 compared to the RV group. Furthermore, the hospitalization time was associated with the virus group and cytokine response (interaction p < 0.05), signifying that increased levels of epidermal growth factor and MIP-1b were related with a shorter duration of hospitalization in the RV-HBoV1 coinfection group but not in the RV group. CONCLUSIONS Different cytokine response profiles were detected between the RV and the RV-HBoV1 groups. Our results show the idea that RV-induced immune responses may be suppressed by HBoV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Hurme
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineTurku University HospitalUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Reetta Sahla
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineTurku University HospitalUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Beate Rückert
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZürichChristine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Riitta Turunen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineTurku University HospitalUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- New Children's HospitalHelsinki University HospitalUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Tytti Vuorinen
- Institute of BiomedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyTurku University HospitalTurkuFinland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZürichChristine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
| | | | - Cezmi Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZürichChristine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
| | - Tuomas Jartti
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineTurku University HospitalUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Research Unit of Clinical MedicineMedical Research CenterUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineOulu University HospitalOuluFinland
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Metsälä J, Vuorinen AL, Takkinen HM, Peltonen EJ, Ahonen S, Åkerlund M, Tapanainen H, Mattila M, Toppari J, Ilonen J, Veijola R, Haahtela T, Knip M, Kaila M, Virtanen SM. Longitudinal consumption of fruits and vegetables and risk of asthma by 5 years of age. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13932. [PMID: 36974649 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit and vegetable consumption has been linked to a decreased risk of asthma, but prospective evidence on longitudinal consumption in childhood is scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable consumption in childhood and the risk of asthma by the age of 5 years, and to explore the role of processing of fruits and vegetables in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Allergy Study. METHODS Child's food consumption was assessed by 3-day food records completed at the age of 3 and 6 months, and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years, and asthma and allergies by a validated modified version of the ISAAC questionnaire at the age of 5 years. Consumption of processed and unprocessed fruits and vegetables was calculated. Joint models with a current value association structure for longitudinal and time-to-event data were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Of the 3053 children, 184 (6%) developed asthma by the age of 5 years. The risk of asthma was not associated with the consumption of all fruits and vegetables together (HR 1.00, 95%CI 0.99-1.01 per consumption of 1 g/MJ, adjusted for energy and other covariates), or with most subgroups. Weak inverse associations were seen between all leafy vegetables and asthma (HR = 0.87, 0.77-0.99), and unprocessed vegetables and nonatopic asthma (HR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.81-0.98). CONCLUSION Total consumption of fruits and vegetables in childhood was not associated with the development of asthma by the age of 5 years. Weak inverse associations found for vegetables need to be confirmed or rejected in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Metsälä
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna-Leena Vuorinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hanna-Mari Takkinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Essi J Peltonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Suvi Ahonen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Åkerlund
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heli Tapanainen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Mattila
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, and Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Kaila
- Public Health Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Suvi M Virtanen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Huvinen E, Lahti J, Klemetti MM, Bergman PH, Räikkönen K, Orho-Melander M, Laivuori H, Koivusalo SB. Genetic risk of type 2 diabetes modifies the effects of a lifestyle intervention aimed at the prevention of gestational and postpartum diabetes. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1291-1301. [PMID: 35501401 PMCID: PMC9283155 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05712-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to assess the interaction between genetic risk and lifestyle intervention on the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and postpartum diabetes. METHODS The RADIEL study is an RCT aimed at prevention of GDM and postpartum diabetes through lifestyle intervention. Participants with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 and/or prior GDM were allocated to intervention and control groups before pregnancy or in early pregnancy. The study visits took place every 3 months before pregnancy, once in each trimester, and at 6 weeks and 6 and 12 months postpartum. We calculated a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 50 risk variants for type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Altogether, 516 participants provided genetic and GDM data. The PRS was associated with higher glycaemic levels (fasting glucose and/or HbA1c) and a lower insulin secretion index in the second and third trimesters and at 12 months postpartum, as well as with a higher occurrence of GDM and glycaemic abnormalities at 12 months postpartum (n = 356). There was an interaction between the PRS and lifestyle intervention (p=0.016 during pregnancy and p=0.024 postpartum) when analysing participants who did not have GDM at the first study visit during pregnancy (n = 386). When analysing women in tertiles according to the PRS, the intervention was effective in reducing the age-adjusted occurrence of GDM only among those with the highest genetic risk (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.17, 0.82). The risk of glycaemic abnormalities at 12 months postpartum was reduced in the same group after adjusting additionally for BMI, parity, smoking and education (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.13, 0.97). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Genetic predisposition to diabetes modifies the response to a lifestyle intervention aimed at prevention of GDM and postpartum diabetes. This suggests that lifestyle intervention may benefit from being tailored according to genetic risk. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01698385.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Huvinen
- Teratology Information Service, Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miira M Klemetti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula H Bergman
- Biostatistics Consulting, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Hannele Laivuori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Center for Child, Adolescent, and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saila B Koivusalo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Järvinen I, Launes J, Lipsanen J, Virta M, Vanninen R, Lehto E, Schiavone N, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Hokkanen L. No Clinically Relevant Memory Effects in Perinatal Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia: A 40-Year Follow-Up of a Small Cohort. Front Public Health 2022; 10:858210. [PMID: 35844845 PMCID: PMC9283869 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.858210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal diabetes mellitus in pregnancy is associated with impairments in memory functions of the offspring in childhood and adolescence but has not been studied in adulthood. The association of perinatal hypoglycemia with memory has not been studied in adulthood either. The combined sequelae of these two risk factors have not been directly compared. We studied general cognitive ability and memory functions in a prospective follow-up of a cohort born in 1971 to 1974. The sample included participants exposed to prenatal hyperglycemia (n = 24), perinatal hypoglycemia (n = 19), or both (n = 7). It also included controls with no early risks (n = 82). We assessed the participants' Intelligence quotient (IQ), working memory, and immediate and delayed recall of both verbal and visual material at the age of 40. We did not find significant differences in IQ or the memory tests between the groups. We did identify an interaction (p = 0.03) of the early risk with the type of digit span task: compared to the controls, the participants exposed to perinatal hypoglycemia had a larger difference between the forward digit span, a measure of attention, and the backward digit span, a measure of working memory processing (p = 0.022). The interaction remained significant when birth weight was controlled for (p = 0.026). Thus, in this small cohort, prenatal hyperglycemia, perinatal hypoglycemia, and their combination appeared relatively benign disorders. The association of these conditions with neurocognitive impairments in adulthood remains unconfirmed. The significance of the working memory difference needs to be verified with a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkka Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyrki Launes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Virta
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ritva Vanninen
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eliisa Lehto
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nella Schiavone
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Laura Hokkanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Laura Hokkanen
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Kettunen JLT, Rantala E, Dwivedi OP, Isomaa B, Sarelin L, Kokko P, Hakaste L, Miettinen PJ, Groop LC, Tuomi T. A multigenerational study on phenotypic consequences of the most common causal variant of HNF1A-MODY. Diabetologia 2022; 65:632-643. [PMID: 34951657 PMCID: PMC8894160 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Systematic studies on the phenotypic consequences of variants causal of HNF1A-MODY are rare. Our aim was to assess the phenotype of carriers of a single HNF1A variant and genetic and clinical factors affecting the clinical spectrum. METHODS We conducted a family-based multigenerational study by comparing heterozygous carriers of the HNF1A p.(Gly292fs) variant with the non-carrier relatives irrespective of diabetes status. During more than two decades, 145 carriers and 131 non-carriers from 12 families participated in the study, and 208 underwent an OGTT at least once. We assessed the polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes, age at onset of diabetes and measures of body composition, as well as plasma glucose, serum insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, glucagon and NEFA response during the OGTT. RESULTS Half of the carriers remained free of diabetes at 23 years, one-third at 33 years and 13% even at 50 years. The median age at diagnosis was 21 years (IQR 17-35). We could not identify clinical factors affecting the age at conversion; sex, BMI, insulin sensitivity or parental carrier status had no significant effect. However, for 1 SD unit increase of a polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes, the predicted age at diagnosis decreased by 3.2 years. During the OGTT, the carriers had higher levels of plasma glucose and lower levels of serum insulin and C-peptide than the non-carriers. The carriers were also leaner than the non-carriers (by 5.0 kg, p=0.012, and by 2.1 kg/m2 units of BMI, p=2.2 × 10-4, using the first adult measurements) and, possibly as a result of insulin deficiency, demonstrated higher lipolytic activity (with medians of NEFA at fasting 621 vs 441 μmol/l, p=0.0039; at 120 min during an OGTT 117 vs 64 μmol/l, p=3.1 × 10-5). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The most common causal variant of HNF1A-MODY, p.(Gly292fs), presents not only with hyperglycaemia and insulin deficiency, but also with increased lipolysis and markedly lower adult BMI. Serum insulin was more discriminative than C-peptide between carriers and non-carriers. A considerable proportion of carriers develop diabetes after young adulthood. Even among individuals with a monogenic form of diabetes, polygenic risk of diabetes modifies the age at onset of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarno L T Kettunen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Om P Dwivedi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bo Isomaa
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Paula Kokko
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Hakaste
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi J Miettinen
- New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, and Biomedicum Stem Cell Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif C Groop
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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Neuvonen E, Lehtisalo J, Solomon A, Antikainen R, Havulinna S, Hänninen T, Laatikainen T, Lindström J, Rautio N, Soininen H, Strandberg T, Tuomilehto J, Kivipelto M, Ngandu T. Psychosocial determinants for adherence to a healthy lifestyle and intervention participation in the FINGER trial: an exploratory analysis of a randomised clinical trial. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1793-1805. [PMID: 35182352 PMCID: PMC9283154 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims Psychosocial factors may affect adherence to lifestyle interventions and lifestyle changes. The role of psychosocial factors in dementia prevention needs more research. We aimed at clarify the issue in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER). Methods The population included 1260 participants aged 60–77 years at risk for cognitive decline, randomised to a multidomain lifestyle intervention or regular health advice for 2 years. Adherence was evaluated as participation in the provided activities and actual lifestyle changes, separately for each domain (diet, exercise, social/cognitive activity, vascular risk management) and combined into multidomain. Psychosocial factors were measured at trial baseline (depressive symptoms; study perception; health-related quality of life, HRQoL) and earlier life (hopelessness; satisfaction with family life, achievements, and financial situation). Results Depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and nonpositive study perception were negatively and HRQoL positively associated with participation in the multidomain intervention. Depressive symptoms, lower HRQoL, hopelessness and dissatisfaction with financial situation were associated with unhealthier lifestyles at baseline. Baseline depressive symptoms and lower HRQoL predicted less improvement in lifestyle, but did not modify the intervention effect on lifestyle change. Discussion and conclusions Several psychosocial factors were associated with participation in lifestyle intervention, while fewer of them contributed to lifestyle changes. Although the intervention was beneficial for lifestyle changes independent of psychosocial factors, those most in need of lifestyle improvement were less likely to be active. Tailoring lifestyle-modifying strategies based on the need for psychosocial support may add efficacy in future trials. Trial Registry ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01041989 2010-01-05 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40520-022-02088-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Neuvonen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Jenni Lehtisalo
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alina Solomon
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, 171 77, Solna, Sweden
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK
| | - Riitta Antikainen
- Center for Life Course Health Research/Geriatrics, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 10, 90029 OYS, Oulu, Finland
| | - Satu Havulinna
- Ageing, Disability and Functioning Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo Hänninen
- Department of Neurology, Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Joint Municipal Authority for North Karelia Social and Health Services (Siun Sote), Tikkamäentie 16, 80210, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Rautio
- Center for Life Course Health Research/Geriatrics, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Strandberg
- Center for Life Course Health Research/Geriatrics, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 340, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Hanneksenrinne 7, 60220, Seinäjoki, Finland
- National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jiddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, 171 77, Solna, Sweden
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Vägen 22, 171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, 171 77, Solna, Sweden
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Salonen J, Kreus M, Lehtonen S, Vähänikkilä H, Purokivi M, Kaarteenaho R. Decline in Mast Cell Density During Diffuse Alveolar Damage in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Inflammation 2021; 45:768-779. [PMID: 34686945 PMCID: PMC8956519 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), although their role in acute exacerbations of IPF has not been investigated. The aims of the study were to evaluate the numbers of MCs in fibrotic and non-fibrotic areas of lung tissue specimens of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients with or without an acute exacerbation of IPF, and to correlate the MC density with clinical parameters. MCs of IPF patients were quantified from surgical lung biopsy (SLB) specimens (n = 47) and lung tissue specimens taken at autopsy (n = 7). MC density was higher in the fibrotic areas of lung tissue compared with spared alveolar areas or in controls. Female gender, low diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, diffuse alveolar damage, and smoking were associated with a low MC density. MC densities of fibrotic areas had declined significantly in five subjects in whom both SLB in the stable phase and autopsy after an acute exacerbation of IPF had been performed. There were no correlations of MC densities with survival time or future acute exacerbations. The MC density in fibrotic areas was associated with several clinical parameters. An acute exacerbation of IPF was associated with a significant decline in MC counts. Further investigations will be needed to clarify the role of these cells in IPF and in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbation as this may help to identify some potential targets for medical treatment for this serious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Salonen
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
| | - Mervi Kreus
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
| | - Siri Lehtonen
- Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital, University Hospital of Oulu, P.O. Box 23, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannu Vähänikkilä
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, University of Oulu, Arctic Biobank, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Purokivi
- The Center of Medicine and Clinical Research, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riitta Kaarteenaho
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
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11
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Kreus M, Lehtonen S, Skarp S, Kaarteenaho R. Extracellular matrix proteins produced by stromal cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250109. [PMID: 33905434 PMCID: PMC8078755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and lung cancer share common risk factors, epigenetic and genetic alterations, the activation of similar signaling pathways and poor survival. The aim of this study was to examine the gene expression profiles of stromal cells from patients with IPF and lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) as well as from normal lung. The gene expression levels of cultured stromal cells derived from non-smoking patients with ADC from the tumor (n = 4) and the corresponding normal lung (n = 4) as well as from patients with IPF (n = 4) were investigated with Affymetrix microarrays. The expression of collagen type IV alpha 1 chain, periostin as well as matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 in stromal cells and lung tissues were examined with quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Twenty genes were similarly up- or down-regulated in IPF and ADC compared to control, while most of the altered genes in IPF and ADC were differently expressed, including several extracellular matrix genes. Collagen type IV alpha 1 chain as well as matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -3 were differentially expressed in IPF compared to ADC. Periostin was up-regulated in both IPF and ADC in comparison to control. All studied factors were localized by immunohistochemistry in stromal cells within fibroblast foci in IPF and stroma of ADC. Despite the similarities found in gene expressions of IPF and ADC, several differences were also detected, suggesting that the molecular changes occurring in these two lung illnesses are somewhat different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Kreus
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Siri Lehtonen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sini Skarp
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Kaarteenaho
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Lapidaire W, Urrila AS, Artiges E, Miranda R, Vulser H, Bézivin-Frere P, Lemaître H, Penttilä J, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Conrod PJ, Desrivières S, Frouin V, Gallinat J, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Papadopoulos-Orfanos D, Paus T, Smolka MN, Schumann G, Martinot MLP, Martinot JL. Irregular sleep habits, regional grey matter volumes, and psychological functioning in adolescents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243720. [PMID: 33566829 PMCID: PMC7875363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Changing sleep rhythms in adolescents often lead to sleep deficits and a delay in sleep timing between weekdays and weekends. The adolescent brain, and in particular the rapidly developing structures involved in emotional control, are vulnerable to external and internal factors. In our previous study in adolescents at age 14, we observed a strong relationship between weekend sleep schedules and regional medial prefrontal cortex grey matter volumes. Here, we aimed to assess whether this relationship remained in this group of adolescents of the general population at the age of 16 (n = 101; mean age 16.8 years; 55% girls). We further examined grey matter volumes in the hippocampi and the amygdalae, calculated with voxel-based morphometry. In addition, we investigated the relationships between sleep habits, assessed with self-reports, and regional grey matter volumes, and psychological functioning, assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and tests on working memory and impulsivity. Later weekend wake-up times were associated with smaller grey matter volumes in the medial prefrontal cortex and the amygdalae, and greater weekend delays in wake-up time were associated with smaller grey matter volumes in the right hippocampus and amygdala. The medial prefrontal cortex region mediated the correlation between weekend wake up time and externalising symptoms. Paying attention to regular sleep habits during adolescence could act as a protective factor against the emergence of psychopathology via enabling favourable brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winok Lapidaire
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anna S. Urrila
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Health, Unit of Mental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry / Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eric Artiges
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthelemy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Ruben Miranda
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hélène Vulser
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pauline Bézivin-Frere
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hervé Lemaître
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jani Penttilä
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Medical School, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L. W. Bokde
- Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Patricia J. Conrod
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Commission for Atomic and Alternative Energy, Saclay, France
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité – University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, 6436 UHC, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité – University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité – University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Centre of Neuroimaging Research, CENIR at ICM Institute, Paris Cedex, France
- * E-mail:
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Pennanen P, Kallionpää RA, Peltonen S, Nissinen L, Kähäri VM, Heervä E, Peltonen J. Signaling pathways in human osteoclasts differentiation: ERK1/2 as a key player. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1243-1254. [PMID: 33486672 PMCID: PMC7925492 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the signaling pathways involved in the differentiation of human osteoclasts. The present study evaluated the roles of the Ras/PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Ras/Raf/MEK1/2/ERK1/2, calcium-PKC, and p38 signaling pathways in human osteoclast differentiation. Mononuclear cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of control persons and patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), and the cells were differentiated into osteoclasts in the presence of signaling pathway inhibitors. Osteoclast differentiation was assessed using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5B. Inhibition of most signaling pathways with chemical inhibitors decreased the number of human osteoclasts and disrupted F-actin ring formation, while the inhibition of p38 resulted in an increased number of osteoclasts, which is a finding contradictory to previous murine studies. However, the p38 inhibition did not increase the bone resorption capacity of the cells. Ras-inhibitor FTS increased osteoclastogenesis in samples from control persons, but an inhibitory effect was observed in NF1 samples. Inhibition of MEK, PI3K, and mTOR reduced markedly the number of NF1-deficient osteoclasts, but no effect was observed in control samples. Western blot analyses showed that the changes in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 correlated with the number of osteoclasts. Our results highlight the fact that osteoclastogenesis is regulated by multiple interacting signaling pathways and emphasize that murine and human findings related to osteoclastogenesis are not necessarily equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pennanen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Roope A Kallionpää
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirkku Peltonen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liisa Nissinen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku and Cancer Research Laboratory FICAN West, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kähäri
- Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku and Cancer Research Laboratory FICAN West, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eetu Heervä
- Department of Oncology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Peltonen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
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Huvinen E, Engberg E, Meinilä J, Tammelin T, Kulmala J, Heinonen K, Bergman P, Stach-Lempinen B, Koivusalo S. Lifestyle and glycemic health 5 years postpartum in obese and non-obese high diabetes risk women. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:1453-1462. [PMID: 32712801 PMCID: PMC7591422 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01553-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Women with prior gestational diabetes (GDM) are at increased diabetes risk. This study aimed to assess whether lifestyle is associated with glycemic health of high-risk women 5 years postpartum, taking into account the pre-pregnancy BMI. METHODS The RADIEL study enrolled before or in early pregnancy 720 women with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and/or prior GDM. The follow-up visit 5 years postpartum included questionnaires and measurements of anthropometrics, blood pressure, and physical activity (PA) as well as analyses of glucose metabolism, lipids, and inflammatory markers. We measured body composition (Inbody) and calculated a Healthy Food Intake Index (HFII) from Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). ArmBand measured PA, sedentary time, and sleep. To take into account the diverse risk groups of GDM, we divided the women based on pre-pregnancy BMI over/under 30 kg/m2. RESULTS Altogether 348 women attended the follow-up. The obese and non-obese women showed similar prevalence of glycemic abnormalities, 13% and 19% (p = 0.139). PA levels were higher among the non-obese women (p < 0.05), except for step count, and their HFII was higher compared to the obese women (p = 0.033). After adjusting for age, education, and GDM history, PA and HFII were associated with glycemic health only among obese women. When both lifestyle factors were in the same model, only PA remained significant. PA associated with other markers of metabolic health also among the non-obese women, excluding HbA1c. CONCLUSION Lifestyle 5 years postpartum was associated with better glycemic health only among the obese high-risk women. PA, however, is essential for the metabolic health of all high-risk women. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, http://www.clinicaltrials.com , NCT01698385.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Huvinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, PL 140, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Elina Engberg
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jelena Meinilä
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, PL 140, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Janne Kulmala
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kati Heinonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Bergman
- Biostatistics Consulting, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Beata Stach-Lempinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, South-Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Saila Koivusalo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, PL 140, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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Wasenius NS, Isomaa BA, Östman B, Söderström J, Forsén B, Lahti K, Hakaste L, Eriksson JG, Groop L, Hansson O, Tuomi T. Low-cost exercise interventions improve long-term cardiometabolic health independently of a family history of type 2 diabetes: a randomized parallel group trial. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/2/e001377. [PMID: 33219117 PMCID: PMC7682194 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the effect of an exercise prescription and a 1-year supervised exercise intervention, and the modifying effect of the family history of type 2 diabetes (FH), on long-term cardiometabolic health. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS For this prospective randomized trial, we recruited non-diabetic participants with poor fitness (n=1072, 30-70 years). Participants were randomly assigned with stratification for FH either in the exercise prescription group (PG, n=144) or the supervised exercise group (EG, n=146) group and compared with a matched control group from the same population study (CON, n=782). The PG and EG received exercise prescriptions. In addition, the EG attended supervised exercise sessions two times a week for 60 min for 12 months. Cardiometabolic risk factors were measured at baseline, 1 year, 5 years, and 6 years. The CON group received no intervention and was measured at baseline and 6 years. RESULTS The EG reduced their body weight, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) but not physical fitness (p=0.074) or insulin or glucose regulation (p>0.1) compared with the PG at 1 year and 5 years (p≤0.011). The observed differences were attenuated at 6 years; however, participants in the both intervention groups significantly improved their blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and insulin sensitivity compared with the population controls (p≤0.003). FH modified LDL-C and waist circumference responses to exercise at 1 year and 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Low-cost physical activity programs have long-term beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health regardless of the FH of diabetes. Given the feasibility and low cost of these programs, they should be advocated to promote cardiometabolic health. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02131701.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko S Wasenius
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bo A Isomaa
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- The Department of Social Services and Health Care, City of Jakobstad, Jakobstad, Finland
- Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Kaj Lahti
- Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Liisa Hakaste
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif Groop
- Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Depratment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Hansson
- Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Depratment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Depratment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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16
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Jujić A, Atabaki-Pasdar N, Nilsson PM, Almgren P, Hakaste L, Tuomi T, Berglund LM, Franks PW, Holst JJ, Prasad RB, Torekov SS, Ravassa S, Díez J, Persson M, Melander O, Gomez MF, Groop L, Ahlqvist E, Magnusson M. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and risk of cardiovascular events and mortality: a prospective study. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1043-1054. [PMID: 31974732 PMCID: PMC7145777 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Evidence that glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and/or the GIP receptor (GIPR) are involved in cardiovascular biology is emerging. We hypothesised that GIP has untoward effects on cardiovascular biology, in contrast to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and therefore investigated the effects of GIP and GLP-1 concentrations on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risk. METHODS GIP concentrations were successfully measured during OGTTs in two independent populations (Malmö Diet Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort [MDC-CC] and Prevalence, Prediction and Prevention of Diabetes in Botnia [PPP-Botnia]) in a total of 8044 subjects. GLP-1 (n = 3625) was measured in MDC-CC. The incidence of CVD and mortality was assessed via national/regional registers or questionnaires. Further, a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (2SMR) analysis between the GIP pathway and outcomes (coronary artery disease [CAD] and myocardial infarction) was carried out using a GIP-associated genetic variant, rs1800437, as instrumental variable. An additional reverse 2SMR was performed with CAD as exposure variable and GIP as outcome variable, with the instrumental variables constructed from 114 known genetic risk variants for CAD. RESULTS In meta-analyses, higher fasting levels of GIP were associated with risk of higher total mortality (HR[95% CI] = 1.22 [1.11, 1.35]; p = 4.5 × 10-5) and death from CVD (HR[95% CI] 1.30 [1.11, 1.52]; p = 0.001). In accordance, 2SMR analysis revealed that increasing GIP concentrations were associated with CAD and myocardial infarction, and an additional reverse 2SMR revealed no significant effect of CAD on GIP levels, thus confirming a possible effect solely of GIP on CAD. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In two prospective, community-based studies, elevated levels of GIP were associated with greater risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality within 5-9 years of follow-up, whereas GLP-1 levels were not associated with excess risk. Further studies are warranted to determine the cardiovascular effects of GIP per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amra Jujić
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Hämtställe HS 36, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Inga Marie Nilssons gata 49, 20502, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Almgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Liisa Hakaste
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lisa M Berglund
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Signe S Torekov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susana Ravassa
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nephrology, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria F Gomez
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Hämtställe HS 36, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Inga Marie Nilssons gata 49, 20502, Malmö, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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Salonen J, Purokivi M, Bloigu R, Kaarteenaho R. Prognosis and causes of death of patients with acute exacerbation of fibrosing interstitial lung diseases. BMJ Open Respir Res 2020; 7:e000563. [PMID: 32265195 PMCID: PMC7254157 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics, causes of death and factors impacting on the prognosis of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and other fibrosing interstitial lung disease (FILD) with a history of acute exacerbation (AE) of IPF or FILD. METHODS Retrospective data of hospital treatment periods caused by AE-IPF and AE-FILD were collected from medical records. Clinical features and survival data of IPF and non-IPF cases were evaluated and compared. The underlying and immediate causes of death were gathered from death certificates. RESULTS A total of 128 patients fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. IPF (n=79/62%), rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD; n=17/14%) and asbestosis (n=11/8.6%) were the most common FILD subgroups in the study. The median survival after hospitalisation in AE-IPF was 2.6 months compared with 21 months in other AE-FILDs (p<0.001). The survival difference was not explained by age, gender or pulmonary function test results at the time of hospitalisation. Patients with non-specific interstitial pneumonia and RA-ILD had the most favourable prognosis. ILD was the most common underlying cause of death in both patients with IPF and with other FILD accounting for 87% and 78% of deaths, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We detected a significantly longer survival in AE of patients with non-IPF compared with that of AE-IPFs. The prognosis of patients was affected by the underlying lung disease since pulmonary fibrosis was the underlying cause of death in the majority of all patients with FILD having experienced an AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Salonen
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Purokivi
- The Center of Medicine and Clinical Research, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Risto Bloigu
- Medical Informatics and Statistics Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Kaarteenaho
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Lund C, Yellapragada V, Vuoristo S, Balboa D, Trova S, Allet C, Eskici N, Pulli K, Giacobini P, Tuuri T, Raivio T. Characterization of the human GnRH neuron developmental transcriptome using a GNRH1-TdTomato reporter line in human pluripotent stem cells. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:dmm040105. [PMID: 31996360 PMCID: PMC7075073 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons provide a fundamental signal for the onset of puberty and subsequent reproductive functions by secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Their disrupted development or function leads to congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH). To model the development of human GnRH neurons, we generated a stable GNRH1-TdTomato reporter cell line in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. RNA-sequencing of the reporter clone, differentiated into GnRH neurons by dual SMAD inhibition and FGF8 treatment, revealed 6461 differentially expressed genes between progenitors and GnRH neurons. Expression of the transcription factor ISL1, one of the top 50 most upregulated genes in the TdTomato-expressing GnRH neurons, was confirmed in 10.5 gestational week-old human fetal GnRH neurons. Among the differentially expressed genes, we detected 15 genes that are implicated in CHH and several genes that are implicated in human puberty timing. Finally, FGF8 treatment in the neuronal progenitor pool led to upregulation of 37 genes expressed both in progenitors and in TdTomato-expressing GnRH neurons, which suggests upstream regulation of these genes by FGF8 signaling during GnRH neuron differentiation. These results illustrate how hPSC-derived human GnRH neuron transcriptomic analysis can be utilized to dissect signaling pathways and gene regulatory networks involved in human GnRH neuron development.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Lund
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Venkatram Yellapragada
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Vuoristo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Diego Balboa
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Trova
- Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, U1172 Lille, France
| | - Cecile Allet
- Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, U1172 Lille, France
| | - Nazli Eskici
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Pulli
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paolo Giacobini
- Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, U1172 Lille, France
- University of Lille, FHU 1000 Days for Health, School of Medicine, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Timo Tuuri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taneli Raivio
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, 00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Näsänen-Gilmore P, Sipola-Leppänen M, Tikanmäki M, Matinolli HM, Eriksson JG, Järvelin MR, Vääräsmäki M, Hovi P, Kajantie E. Lung function in adults born preterm. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205979. [PMID: 30339699 PMCID: PMC6195283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Very preterm birth, before the gestational age (GA) of 32 weeks, increases the risk of obstructed airflow in adulthood. We examined whether all preterm births (GA<37 weeks) are associated with poorer adult lung function and whether any associations are explained by maternal, early life/neonatal, or current life factors. Participants of the ESTER Preterm Birth Study, born between 1985 and 1989 (during the pre-surfactant era), at the age of 23 years participated in a clinical study in which they performed spirometry and provided detailed medical history. Of the participants, 139 were born early preterm (GA<34 weeks), 239 late preterm (GA: 34-<37 weeks), and 341 full-term (GA≥37 weeks). Preterm birth was associated with poorer lung function. Mean differences between individuals born early preterm versus full-term were -0.23 standard deviation (SD) (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.40, -0.05)) for forced vital capacity z-score (zFVC), -0.44 SD (95% CI -0.64, -0.25) for forced expiratory volume z-score (zFEV1), and -0.29 SD (95% CI -0.47, -0.10) for zFEV1/FVC. For late preterm, mean differences with full-term controls were -0.02 SD (95% CI -0.17, 0.13), -0.12 SD (95% CI -0.29, 0.04) and -0.13 SD (95% CI -0.29, 0.02) for zFVC, zFEV1, and zFEV1/FVC, respectively. Examination of finer GA subgroups suggested an inverse non-linear association between lung function and GA, with the greatest impact on zFEV1 for those born extremely preterm. The subgroup means were GA<28 weeks: -0.98 SD; 28-<32 weeks: -0.29 SD; 32-<34 weeks: -0.44 SD; 34-<36 weeks: -0.10 SD; 36-<37weeks: -0.11 SD; term-born controls (≥37weeks): 0.02 SD. Corresponding means for zFEV1/FVC were -1.79, -0.44, -0.47, -0.48, -0.29, and -0.02. Adjustment for maternal pregnancy conditions and socioeconomic and lifestyle factors had no major impact on the relationship. Preterm birth is associated with airflow limitation in adult life. The association appears to be attributable predominantly to those born most immature, with only a modest decrease among those born preterm at later gestational ages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marika Sipola-Leppänen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjaana Tikanmäki
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna-Maria Matinolli
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja Vääräsmäki
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petteri Hovi
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Health and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Markkula N, Cabieses B, Lehti V, Uphoff E, Astorga S, Stutzin F. Use of health services among international migrant children - a systematic review. Global Health 2018; 14:52. [PMID: 29769091 PMCID: PMC5956827 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-018-0370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migrant children have specific health needs, and may face difficulties in accessing health care, but not enough is known about their health service use. This study aims to describe patterns of use of health services of international migrant children and differences to respective native populations. METHODS Electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science, references of identified publications, and websites of relevant international agencies were searched. We included observational studies published between 2006 and 2016 that reported use of formal health services by migrant children (0-18 years), including first and second generation migrants. Data on study characteristics, study theme, main outcome and study quality were extracted. RESULTS One hundred seven full texts were included in the review. Of the studies that reported comparable outcomes, half (50%) indicated less use of healthcare by migrants compared with non-migrants; 25% reported no difference, 18% reported greater use, and 7% did not report this outcome. There was variation by theme, so that the proportion of conclusions "less use" was most common in the categories "general access to care", "primary care" and "oral health", whereas in the use of emergency rooms or hospitalisations, the most common conclusion was "greater use". CONCLUSIONS Migrant children appear to use different types of healthcare services less than native populations, with the exception of emergency and hospital services. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO systematic review registration number: CRD42016039876 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Markkula
- Social Studies in Health Research Programme, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Las Condes 12461, Las Condes, Santiago Chile
| | - Baltica Cabieses
- Social Studies in Health Research Programme, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Las Condes 12461, Las Condes, Santiago Chile
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, England
| | - Venla Lehti
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eleonora Uphoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sofia Astorga
- Social Studies in Health Research Programme, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Las Condes 12461, Las Condes, Santiago Chile
| | - Francisca Stutzin
- Social Studies in Health Research Programme, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Las Condes 12461, Las Condes, Santiago Chile
- Centre for Interdisciplinary and Intercultural Inquiry, Health Humanities, University College London, London, UK
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21
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Sammallahti S, Kajantie E, Matinolli HM, Pyhälä R, Lahti J, Heinonen K, Lahti M, Pesonen AK, Eriksson JG, Hovi P, Järvenpää AL, Andersson S, Raikkonen K. Nutrition after preterm birth and adult neurocognitive outcomes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185632. [PMID: 28957424 PMCID: PMC5619810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth (<37 gestational weeks) poses a risk of poorer neurocognitive functioning. Faster growth after preterm birth predicts better cognitive abilities and can be promoted through adequate nutrition, but it remains unknown whether variations in nutrient intakes translate into long-term benefits for neurodevelopment. Methods In 86 participants of the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults (birthweight <1500g), we examined if higher intakes of energy, macronutrients, and human milk during the first nine weeks after preterm birth predict performance in tests of cognitive ability at 25.1 years of age (SD = 2.1). Results 10 kcal/kg/day higher total energy intake at 3 to 6 weeks of age was associated with 0.21 SD higher adult IQ (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.07–0.35). Higher carbohydrate and fat intake at 3–6 weeks, and higher energy intake from human milk at 3–6 and at 6–9 weeks were also associated with higher adult IQ: these effect sizes ranged from 0.09 SD (95% CI 0.01–0.18) to 0.34 SD (0.14–0.54) higher IQ, per one gram/kg/day more carbohydrate and fat, and per 10 kcal/kg/day more energy from human milk. Adjustment for neonatal complications attenuated the associations: intraventricular hemorrhage, in particular, was associated with both poorer nutrition and poorer IQ. Conclusion In preterm neonates with very low birth weight, higher energy and human milk intake predict better neurocognitive abilities in adulthood. To understand the determinants of these infants' neurocognitive outcome, it seems important to take into account the role of postnatal nutrition, not just as an isolated exposure, but as a potential mediator between neonatal illness and long-term neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sammallahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Riikka Pyhälä
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Heinonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marius Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anu-Katriina Pesonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland
| | - Petteri Hovi
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna-Liisa Järvenpää
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Raikkonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Abstract
High leptin concentration, low-grade inflammation, and insulin resistance often coexist in obese subjects; this adverse metabolic milieu may be the main culprit for increased fracture risk and impaired bone quality seen in patients with type 2 diabetes. We examined the associations of leptin, hs (high sensitivity)- CRP and insulin resistance with bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone characteristics in 55 young obese adults (median BMI 40 kg/m2) and 65 non-obese controls. Mean age of the subjects was 19.5 ± 2.5 years (mean ± SD). Concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, hs-CRP, MMP-8 and TIMP-1, fasting plasma glucose and insulin (to calculate HOMA), BTMs (BAP, P1NP, CTX-1, and TRAC5b) were measured. Bone characteristics were determined with pQCT at radius and tibia, and with DXA for central sites. Leptin, hs-CRP and HOMA correlated inversely with BTMs: the partial coefficients were 1.5–1.9 fold higher in males than in females. After adjusting for age, BMI, and other endocrine factors, leptin displayed an independent effect in males on radial bone mass (p = 0.019), tibial trabecular density (p = 0.025) and total hip BMD (p = 0.043), with lower densities in males with high leptin. In females, the model adjusting for age, BMI, and other endocrine factors, revealed that hs-CRP had independent effects on radial bone mass (p = 0.034) and lumbar spine BMD (p = 0.016), women with high hs-CRP having lower values. Partial correlations of adiponectin and TIMP-1 with bone characteristics were discrepant; MMP-8 showed no associations. In conclusion, in young obese adults and their controls, leptin, hs-CRP and HOMA associate inversely with BTMs and bone characteristics. Leptin appears to be the key independent effector in males, whereas hs-CRP displayed a predominant role in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli T. Viljakainen
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Heikki A. Koistinen
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Tikanmäki M, Tammelin T, Vääräsmäki M, Sipola-Leppänen M, Miettola S, Pouta A, Järvelin MR, Kajantie E. Prenatal determinants of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence - Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 study. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:346. [PMID: 28427374 PMCID: PMC5399469 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are key risk factors of chronic adult diseases. Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are predicted by birth weight, but the underlying parental and pregnancy-related factors remain largely unknown. We examined how prenatal determinants are associated with physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence. METHODS Of the 16-year-old members of the population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC 1986), 6682 singletons with no major physical disability reported their amount of physical activity outside school hours, and 4706 completed a submaximal cycle ergometer test assessing cardiorespiratory fitness. Physical activity was expressed as metabolic equivalent hours per week (METh/week) and cardiorespiratory fitness as peak oxygen uptake (ml·kg-1·min-1). Prenatal determinants included birth weight, length of gestation, mother's and father's body mass index (BMI), maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and maternal hypertension and smoking during pregnancy. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. RESULTS A higher birth weight and longer length of gestation predicted lower levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness at 16 years, although the association between length of gestation and physical activity was inverse U-shaped. Mother's or father's overweight or obesity before pregnancy were associated with lower levels of their offspring's physical activity and fitness in adolescence. Adjusting for maternal pregnancy disorders and the adolescent's own BMI attenuated the associations with the mother's but not the father's overweight/obesity. Furthermore, maternal GDM predicted lower cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSIONS A high birth weight and parental overweight/obesity are associated with lower levels of both physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence, while maternal GDM and longer length of gestation are associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Both long and short lengths of gestation predict low physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjaana Tikanmäki
- Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu and Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- LIKES Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marja Vääräsmäki
- Pediatrics and Adolescence and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Children, Adolescents and Families Unit, Department of Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marika Sipola-Leppänen
- Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu and Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Pediatrics and Adolescence and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Satu Miettola
- Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu and Helsinki, Finland
- Pediatrics and Adolescence and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anneli Pouta
- Pediatrics and Adolescence and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Government Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Life Course Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu and Helsinki, Finland
- Pediatrics and Adolescence and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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