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Sun W, Li M, Ren H, Chen Y, Zeng W, Tan X, Jia X, Chen S, Wang J, Lai S. Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of L-Histidine and NEFA Treatments in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1045. [PMID: 38612284 PMCID: PMC11010852 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are pivotal in energy metabolism, yet high concentrations can lead to ketosis, a common metabolic disorder in cattle. Our laboratory observed lower levels of L-histidine in cattle suffering from ketosis, indicating a potential interaction between L-histidine and NEFA metabolism. This relationship prompted us to investigate the metabolomic alterations in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) induced by elevated NEFA levels and to explore L-histidine's potential mitigating effects. Our untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed 893 and 160 metabolite changes in positive and negative models, respectively, with VIP scores greater than 1 and p-values below 0.05. Notable metabolites like 9,10-epoxy-12-octadecenoic acid were upregulated, while 9-Ethylguanine was downregulated. A pathway analysis suggested disruptions in fatty acid and steroid biosynthesis pathways. Furthermore, L-histidine treatment altered 61 metabolites in the positive model and 34 in the negative model, with implications for similar pathways affected by NEFA. Overlaying differential metabolites from both conditions uncovered a potential key mediator, 1-Linoleoylglycerophosphocholine, which was regulated in opposite directions by NEFA and L-histidine. Our study uncovered that both NEFA L- and histidine metabolomics analyses pinpoint similar lipid biosynthesis pathways, with 1-Linoleoylglycerophosphocholine emerging as a potential key metabolite mediating their interaction, a discovery that may offer insights for therapeutic strategies in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.S.); (M.L.); (H.R.); (Y.C.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mengze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.S.); (M.L.); (H.R.); (Y.C.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hanjun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.S.); (M.L.); (H.R.); (Y.C.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.S.); (M.L.); (H.R.); (Y.C.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Sichuan Province Animal Husbandry Science Research Institute (Yangping Breeding Bull Farm), Meishan 620360, China; (W.Z.); (X.T.)
| | - Xiong Tan
- Sichuan Province Animal Husbandry Science Research Institute (Yangping Breeding Bull Farm), Meishan 620360, China; (W.Z.); (X.T.)
| | - Xianbo Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.S.); (M.L.); (H.R.); (Y.C.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.S.); (M.L.); (H.R.); (Y.C.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.S.); (M.L.); (H.R.); (Y.C.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Songjia Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.S.); (M.L.); (H.R.); (Y.C.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Mantovani A, Csermely A, Cappelli D, Taverna A, Sani E, Shtembari E, Pagani M, Targher G. Higher circulating levels of non-esterified fatty acids are associated with faster kidney function decline in post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a pilot prospective study. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:281-288. [PMID: 37853295 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Currently, there is little and inconsistent evidence regarding the possible adverse effects of circulating levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) on kidney function decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We followed for a median of 4.6 years 85 post-menopausal women with non-insulin-treated T2DM and preserved kidney function at baseline. Serum NEFA concentrations were measured using an enzymatic colorimetric method. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. RESULTS Enrolled patients had a baseline mean eGFRCKD-EPI of 83 ± 12 mL/min/1.73 m2 and a median serum NEFA concentration of 662 uEq/L (interquartile range 524-842 uEq/L). During the follow-up period, 13 patients developed kidney function decline at follow-up (defined as an eGFRCKD-EPI decline ≥ 30% from baseline). In Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, higher serum NEFA levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing kidney function decline (adjusted-hazard ratio 3.67, 95% CI 1.64-8.22, p < 0.001; for each 1-SD increment, i.e., 262 uEq/L), even after adjustment for waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, C-reactive protein, HOMA-estimated insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, microalbuminuria, baseline eGFRCKD-EPI, as well as temporal changes in HbA1c levels or the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors over the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this exploratory prospective study show that in post-menopausal women with T2DM and preserved kidney function at baseline, higher circulating levels of NEFA were strongly associated with a faster kidney function decline, even after adjustment for established renal risk factors and potential confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mantovani
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Csermely
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Cappelli
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Taverna
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Sani
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Emigela Shtembari
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Micol Pagani
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
- IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, Italy
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Kjølbæk L, Raben A. The impact of dairy matrix structure on postprandial lipid responses. Proc Nutr Soc 2024; 83:9-16. [PMID: 37728057 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123003622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
This review presents evidence related to the postprandial responses after consumption of dairy products focusing on the effect of the dairy matrix and lipid response, which was also presented as part of a speech at the Nutrition Society Winter Conference, January 2023. The key findings are that the dairy product(s) that differentiate from others in the postprandial TAG response are products with a semi-solid structure. There were no differences in lipid responses between cheese and butter. The main factors viscosity, fat globule size and milk fat globule membrane do not seem to explain the effect of the dairy matrix in the acute postprandial response. In summary, it is very difficult to investigate the effects of the dairy matrix per see and with the few studies conducted to date, no clear cause and effect can be established. Future research should focus on the semi-solid dairy matrix, and studies investigating specifically the yoghurt matrix are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Kjølbæk
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Lénárt L, Horváth A, Kis T, Buják D, Szenci O. Effect of postpartum drenching on plasma parameters of cows at a large-scale dairy farm. Acta Vet Hung 2024; 71:147-158. [PMID: 37999734 DOI: 10.1556/004.2023.00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the influence of postpartum drenching with a feed additive on the plasma concentration of biochemical parameters while factoring in prepartum rumination times (RT). One hundred and sixty-one cows were fitted with a Ruminact© HR-Tag approximately 5 days before calving. Drenching and control groups were established based on calving dates. Animals in the drenched group were treated three times (Day 1/day of calving/, Day 2, and Day 3 postpartum) using a feed additive containing calcium propionate, magnesium sulphate, yeast, potassium chloride and sodium chloride mixed in approximately 25 L of lukewarm tap water. Blood samples were collected on Days 1, 2, 3, 7 and 12. Cows with below the average RT were categorised as "low rumination" and those above it as "high rumination" animals. Drenching decreased the plasma concentrations of total protein, urea and creatinine and increased the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and chloride. Low rumination time prepartum resulted in higher concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate, total protein and activities of alkaline phosphatase and GGT, while it decreased the activity of ALT and the concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The day of lactation had an effect on all parameters except for potassium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Lénárt
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major, Hungary
- 2MTA-SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major, Hungary
| | - András Horváth
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major, Hungary
- 2MTA-SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kis
- 3Dózsa Agricultural Ltd.-Tass, Hungary
| | - Dávid Buják
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major, Hungary
- 2MTA-SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major, Hungary
| | - Ottó Szenci
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major, Hungary
- 2MTA-SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major, Hungary
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Ma X, McKie PM, Iyer SR, Scott C, Bailey K, Johnson BK, Benike SL, Chen H, Miller WL, Cabassi A, Burnett JC, Cannone V. MANP in Hypertension With Metabolic Syndrome: Proof-of-Concept Study of Natriuretic Peptide-Based Therapy for Cardiometabolic Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:18-29. [PMID: 38362338 PMCID: PMC10864980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension and metabolic syndrome frequently coexist to increase the risk for adverse cardiometabolic outcomes. To date, no drug has been proven to be effective in treating hypertension with metabolic syndrome. M-atrial natriuretic peptide is a novel atrial natriuretic peptide analog that activates the particulate guanylyl cyclase A receptor. This study conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 22 patients and demonstrated that a single subcutaneous injection of M-atrial natriuretic peptide was safe, well-tolerated, and exerted pleiotropic properties including blood pressure-lowering, lipolytic, and insulin resistance-improving effects. (MANP in Hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome [MANP-HTN-MS]; NCT03781739).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul M. McKie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Seethalakshmi R. Iyer
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher Scott
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kent Bailey
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bradley K. Johnson
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sherry L. Benike
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Horng Chen
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Wayne L. Miller
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aderville Cabassi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - John C. Burnett
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Valentina Cannone
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Nisar M, Beigh SA, Mir AQ, Hussain SA, Dar AA, Yatoo I, Khan AM. Association of vitamin D status with redox balance and insulin resistance and its predicting ability for subclinical pregnancy toxemia in pregnant sheep. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2024; 86:106823. [PMID: 37944202 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the role of vitamin D on redox balance, insulin resistance and its predicting value for subclinical pregnancy toxemia (SPT) in pregnant ewes. At four weeks pre-lambing, fifteen healthy pregnant ewes were divided into two groups, ewes with sufficient vitamin D (25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25VitD) (SVD, n = 9) and ewes with insufficient 25VitD (ISVD, n = 6). Blood samples were collected at 4 weeks pre-lambing using modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test for the estimation of various metabolites. The baseline glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), fructosamine, beta-hydroxy butyric acid (β-BHA), calcium, phosphorus concentration and total oxidant status (TOS) did not differ significantly between the two groups, however, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was significantly (p = 0.031) low in ISVD ewes. Area under the curve for glucose, insulin, elimination rate of glucose and peak insulin also did not differ significantly between the two groups. Correlation analysis revealed, positive association of 25VitD with fructosamine, calcium and TAC, and negative correlation with NEFA and TOS. Subsequent blood sampling at 2 weeks pre-lambing and at lambing showed significant difference in NEFA (p = 0.001), β-HBA (p = 0.001), and fructosamine(p = 0.012) between the two groups. A significant time x group interaction was observed in NEFA (p = 0.019), β-HBA (p = 0.031), and fructosamine (p = 0.026) concentration. The NEFA concentrations were increased and fructosamine decreased at 2 weeks pre-lambing and at lambing along with significantly increased β-HBA at 2 weeks pre-lambing in ISVD compared to SVD. Taking 0.8 mmol/L β-HBA as the cut off limit for SPT, ISVD ewes had higher odds of developing SPT two weeks prior to lambing (OD 16.00; p = 0.042) and at lambing (OD 10; p = 0.077). This study concludes that 25VitD significantly influence redox balance and energy profile and serves as a valuable predictor for SPT in pregnant sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Nisar
- Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (FVSc & AH), SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir; India; 190006
| | - Shafayat Ahmad Beigh
- Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (FVSc & AH), SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir; India; 190006.
| | - Abdul Qayoom Mir
- Mountain research for Sheep and Goat, FVSc and AH. SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir; India; 190006
| | - Syed Ashaq Hussain
- Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (FVSc & AH), SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir; India; 190006
| | - Aijaz Ahmad Dar
- Division of Veterinary Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir; India; 190006
| | - Iqbal Yatoo
- Division of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir; India; 190006
| | - Adil Mehraj Khan
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir; India; 190006
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Malik MI, Jonker A, Raboisson D, Song B, Rashid MA, Sun X. Effects of dietary chromium supplementation on blood biochemical parameters in dairy cows: A multilevel meta-analytical approach. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:301-316. [PMID: 37709042 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) has been reported to modulate blood biochemistry in dairy cows. However, there is a discrepancy in the literature regarding the effects of dietary Cr supplementation on various blood parameters. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of Cr supplementation in dairy cows on blood glucose, insulin, glucagon, nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), cortisol, and serum total protein (STP) concentrations. Following relevant literature data extraction, a 3-level meta-analytical random effect model was fitted to the data expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) of outcome measures of control versus Cr-supplemented cows (i.e., difference in mean between control and treatment group or pooled standard deviation). The SMD can be categorized as having a small effect (0.20), a moderate effect (0.50), and a large effect (0.80). The meta-regression identified the potential sources of heterogeneity, including the body weight of cows, experimental duration/duration of Cr supplementation, blood sampling time (3 wk before parturition until 4 wk after parturition categorized as the transition period, else as the nontransition period), and form of Cr complexes. Blood glucose did not differ significantly between control and Cr-supplemented cows with an estimated SMD of μ = 0.0071 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.212 to 0.226). The effect of Cr supplementation on blood insulin was also nonsignificant with an SMD of μ = 0.0007 (95% CI: -0.191 to 0.193). Cows receiving Cr supplements had significantly higher levels of glucagon than controls (95% CI: 0.116 to 0.489), with an estimated SMD = 0.303. Combined transition and nontransition data suggest Cr supplementation did not affect the concentration of NEFA. However, in transition cows, Cr supplementation significantly decreased blood NEFA levels as compared with controls (95% CI: -0.522 to -0.0039), with estimated SMD = -0.263. The estimated SMD was μ = -0.1983 (95% CI: -0.734 to 0.337) for cortisol and -0.0923 (95% CI: -0.316 to 0.131) for total protein. In summary, Cr supplementation in the transition cows decreased NEFA concentration. Blood glucose, insulin, cortisol, and STP concentrations were unaffected. However, Cr supplementation increased glucagon concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad I Malik
- The Innovation Centre of Ruminant Precision Nutrition and Smart Farming, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132109, China; Department of Animal Nutrition, The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; Jilin Inter-Regional Cooperation Centre for the Scientific and Technological Innovation of Ruminant Precision Nutrition and Smart and Ecological Farming, Jilin 132109, China
| | - Arjan Jonker
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Didier Raboisson
- Université de Toulouse, École nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), F-31076, Toulouse 31076, France
| | - Baijun Song
- The Innovation Centre of Ruminant Precision Nutrition and Smart Farming, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132109, China; Jilin Inter-Regional Cooperation Centre for the Scientific and Technological Innovation of Ruminant Precision Nutrition and Smart and Ecological Farming, Jilin 132109, China
| | - Muhammad A Rashid
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Xuezhao Sun
- The Innovation Centre of Ruminant Precision Nutrition and Smart Farming, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132109, China; Jilin Inter-Regional Cooperation Centre for the Scientific and Technological Innovation of Ruminant Precision Nutrition and Smart and Ecological Farming, Jilin 132109, China; AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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Peiró R, Argente MJ, García ML. Changes in Body Reserves, Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, and Leptin during the Reproductive Lifespan of the Rabbit Female. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3213. [PMID: 37893936 PMCID: PMC10603740 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to study changes in body weight, perirenal fat thickness (PFT), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and leptin concentrations throughout the reproductive life of the rabbit female and their correlations when a semi-intensive reproductive rhythm is applied. A total of 46 lactating females were used. Body weight, PFT, and NEFA and leptin concentration were recorded at 12 weeks of age, at first mating and delivery, and at second, third, and fourth mating, 12th d of gestation, and delivery. The highest body weight was detected on the 12th d of any gestation, around 4280 g, and the lowest weight was at delivery, around 4030 g. PFT increased until third mating. NEFA and leptin concentration showed a cyclical pattern throughout the reproductive lifespan of the females. NEFAs presented the highest concentration at delivery within each reproductive cycle and levels decreased over the course of the deliveries (0.423 mmol/L at first delivery, 0.406 mmol/L at second delivery, 0.371 mmol/L at third delivery, and 0.309 mmol/L at fourth delivery). Similar NEFA concentrations at mating and on the 12th d of gestation were obtained. Leptin showed the highest concentrations at mating within each reproductive cycle. Leptin decreased between mating and delivery in all reproductive cycles and it was close to 1 ng/mL HE. Low or null correlations were shown between body weight, PFT, and NEFA and leptin concentration at mating, 12th d of gestation, and delivery. In conclusion, females are able to maintain a semi-intensive reproductive rhythm across four parities weighing around 4 kg from first mating. Females had an increased perirenal fat thickness until third delivery, and their NEFA concentration was maximum at delivery and leptin concentration was maximum at mating. Body weight, PFT, and NEFA and leptin concentration should be measured during critical moments of reproductive life in order to determine body condition and energy mobilization, due to their low or null correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Peiró
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María-José Argente
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3.2, 03312 Alicante, Spain; (M.-J.A.); (M.-L.G.)
| | - María-Luz García
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3.2, 03312 Alicante, Spain; (M.-J.A.); (M.-L.G.)
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9
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Kia S, Mohri M, Seifi HA. Association of precalving serum NEFA concentrations with postpartum diseases and reproductive performance in multiparous Holstein cows: Cut-off values. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:1757-1763. [PMID: 37470106 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High concentrations of NEFA relative to a defined reference or 'cut-point' values before calving can predict the risk of specific or collective periparturient disease events. OBJECTIVES A field-based cohort study was conducted to evaluate the value and critical points of serum nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) at the precalving time to predict the occurrence of postpartum diseases and reproductive performance in dairy cows. METHODS Blood samples were taken from 521 high-yielding dairy cows at 1 week (±3 days) before calving and NEFA levels were measured. Health and reproduction information of each cow includes dystocia, retained placenta, milk fever, metritis, mastitis, pregnancy in the first insemination and pregnancy in the first two inseminations, and culling in the first 60 days of lactation and milk production. RESULTS Our results show that there are significant relationships between precalving NEFA with the probability of pregnancy at the first and the first two inseminations after calving. The cows that had NEFA concentrations less than 0.5 mmol/L at the last week of pregnancy were 3.51 and 3.15 times more likely to be pregnant at first insemination and the first two inseminations, respectively. Also, our results showed that there are significant relationships between precalving NEFA concentration and the likelihood of dystocia and milk fever. The probability of dystocia and milk fever occurrence were 2.56 and 1.91 times greater in those cows that had NEFA concentrations more than 0.3 mmol/L, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present results indicated that Increasing NEFA during the prepartum period could adversely affect the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Kia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mohri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Center of Excellence in Ruminant Abortion and Neonatal Mortality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hesam A Seifi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Center of Excellence in Ruminant Abortion and Neonatal Mortality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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10
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Constantin NT, Bercea-Strugariu CM, Bîrțoiu D, Posastiuc FP, Iordache F, Bilteanu L, Serban AI. Predicting Pregnancy Outcome in Dairy Cows: The Role of IGF-1 and Progesterone. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101579. [PMID: 37238009 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the link between insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), progesterone (PROG), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and glucose (GLU) and pregnancy probability after the first artificial insemination (AI) and during the first 100 days in milk (DIM), during the critical transition period. We determined levels of serum IGF-1, PROG, NEFA, BHB, and GLU in Holstein dairy cows via ELISA, using blood samples collected 7 days before parturition (DAP) until 21 days postparturition (DPP). The group was split into cows diagnosed pregnant at 100 DIM (PREG) and those that did not conceive at 100 and 150 DIM (NPREG). Serum IGF-1 and PROG median levels at 7 DAP were significantly higher in PREG vs. NPREG (p = 0.029), the only statistically significant differences across the subgroups. At 7 DAP, IGF-1 levels within the initial group showed a strong negative correlation with PROG (r = -0.693; p = 0.006), while for the PREG subgroup, the IGF-1 levels exhibited a very strong positive correlation with GLU (r = 0.860; p = 0.011) and NEFA (r = 0.872; p = 0.013). IGF-1 and PROG levels detected at 7 DAP may be useful to predict pregnancy at 100 DIM. The positive correlation of NEFA and GLU levels during the transition period demonstrates that the initial group is not in NEB; thus, the NEFA level was not a decisive factor for reproduction success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolae Tiberiu Constantin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd. Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
- Research and Development Institute for Bovine, 077015 Balotesti, Romania
| | - Cezar Mihai Bercea-Strugariu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd. Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragoș Bîrțoiu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd. Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Petrișor Posastiuc
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd. Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Iordache
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd. Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liviu Bilteanu
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd. Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanotechnologies, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Andreea Iren Serban
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd. Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Blvd. Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Mirzaei A, Mohebbi-Fani M, Omidi A, Nazifi S, Ghiasi R. Effect of body condition loss in early lactation Holstein cows on plasma IGF-I, prolactin and NEFA during breeding period and its association with some reproductive indices. Reprod Domest Anim 2023. [PMID: 36965043 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The associations between early lactation changes of the body condition score (BCS) and mid-lactation levels of blood insulin like Growth Factor-I (IGF-1), prolactin, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), milk production and some reproductive indices were investigated. Monthly milk yield and BCS were recorded. Blood samples were collected on days 60, 90 and 120 (±5 days) of lactation. Twelve and 17 cows showed BCS losses ≤0.75 and >0.75 on day 60, respectively. BCS losses ≤0.75 till d60 after calving enhanced the IGF-I concentration on d90 (57.8±10.7 vs 35.6±17.8 ng/ml; P=0.001). The differences of blood metabolites were prominent on d90. Trends of insulin changes between d60 BCS (P=0.04) groups were different. Inverse correlations were detected between IGF-I and NEFA (-0.6, P=0.001), IGF-I and milk production (-0.4, P=0.05), NEFA and prolactin (-0.8, P<0.001) on d90. Higher percentages of cows with BCS loss >0.75 (d60) showed their first heat after d40 postpartum. In conclusion, irrespective of BCS at the time of breeding, the level of BCS loss during the first 60 days of lactation may affect further reproductive performance due to prolonged alterations of IGF-I, NEFA, prolactin and insulin levels. The extent of postpartum BCS loss may be a predictor of metabolic status of cows during mid-lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolah Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71345-1731, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohebbi-Fani
- Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71345-1731, Iran
| | - Arash Omidi
- Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71345-1731, Iran
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71345-1731, Iran
| | - Reza Ghiasi
- Graduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71345-1731, Iran
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12
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Cheng J, Lyu Y, Mei Y, Chen Q, Liu H, Li Y. Serum growth differentiation factor-15 and non-esterified fatty acid levels in patients with coronary artery disease and hyperuricemia. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:31. [PMID: 36864452 PMCID: PMC9979416 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High serum NEFA and GDF-15 are risk factors for CAD and have been linked to detrimental cardiovascular events. It has been hypothesized that hyperuricemia causes CAD via the oxidative metabolism and inflammation. The current study sought to clarify the relationship between serum GDF-15/NEFA and CAD in individuals with hyperuricemia. METHODS Blood samples collected from 350 male patients with hyperuricemia(191 patients without CAD and 159 patients with CAD, serum UA > 420 μmol/L) to measure serum GDF-15 and NEFA concentrations with baseline parameters. RESULTS Serum circulating GDF-15 concentrations(pg/dL) [8.48(6.67,12.73)] and NEFA levels(mmol/L) [0.45(0.32,0.60)] were higher in hyperuricemia patients with CAD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the OR (95% CI) for CAD were 10.476 (4.158, 26.391) and 11.244 (4.740, 26.669) in quartile 4 (highest) respectively. The AUC of the combined serum GDF-15 and NEFA was 0.813 (0.767,0.858) as a predictor of whether CAD occurred in male with hyperuricemia. CONCLUSIONS Circulating GDF-15 and NEFA levels correlated positively with CAD in male patients with hyperuricemia and measurements may be a useful clinical adjunct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Cheng
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongnan Lyu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Mei
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Liu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Marín-García PJ, Llobat L, Rouco C, Aguayo-Adán JA, Larsen T, Cambra-López M, Blas E, Pascual JJ. Nutritional Metabolites as Biomarkers of Previous Feed Intake in European Rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus): Applications on Conservation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192608. [PMID: 36230348 PMCID: PMC9558996 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) populations have drastically reduced, and recently, rabbits have been classed as “endangered” by the IUCN. This animal plays an important ecological role in Mediterranean ecosystems and its introduction could significantly contribute to ecological restoration. Rabbits have high nutrient requirements that apparently cannot be covered in all ecosystems, and there are clues that nutrition can limit their abundance and density. On the other hand, some studies reflect the effects of food availability on the metabolomic status of other animal species, but there are no specific studies on this keystone species. The main aim of this work is to find biomarkers to assess the previous levels of ingestion of European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). To address this gap, gastric content and blood samples were collected from European rabbits (n = 99) in a Mediterranean area for the analysis of glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), plasmatic urea nitrogen (PUN), albumin, glutamate and total protein metabolites. Depending on their previous feed intake (gastric content and the ratio between the gastric content and the weight of the animal), the animals were divided into two groups (lower and normal previous feed intake). Our work shows that the metabolomic profiles of the animals were affected. Levels of glucose (+82%; p = 0.0003), NEFA (−61%; p = 0.0040) and PUN (+139%; p < 0.001) were different in the animals with lower previous feed intake than the animals with normal previous feed intake. This work summarises that metabolic phenotype can be interesting when seeking to discover the limiting nutrients and food availability in diets that could affect the ecological fitness and conservation of European wild rabbits. It is important to mention that in this work, only the effects on six different metabolites have been analysed and more studies are necessary to complement the knowledge of possible metabolites that indicate the level of ingestion in this species and others. These (and new) biomarkers could be used as a tool to provide information about individual or population characteristics that other physiological parameters cannot detect, improving the conservation physiology field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Jesús Marín-García
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASAPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.J.M.-G.); (L.L.)
| | - Lola Llobat
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASAPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.J.M.-G.); (L.L.)
| | - Carlos Rouco
- Ecology Area, Faculty of Science, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
- Sociedad, Ecología y Gestión del Medio Ambiente, UCO-IESA, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Torben Larsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - María Cambra-López
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Blas
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan José Pascual
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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14
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Wang YE, Kirschke CP, Woodhouse LR, Bonnel EL, Stephensen CB, Bennett BJ, Newman JW, Keim NL, Huang L. SNPs in apolipoproteins contribute to sex-dependent differences in blood lipids before and after a high-fat dietary challenge in healthy U.S. adults. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:95. [PMID: 36050800 PMCID: PMC9438272 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of genetic polymorphisms on fasting blood lipid levels have been widely studied but the effects of these within the context of a high-fat meal challenge remain less characterized. The current study aimed to investigate the association of SNPs in lipoprotein-related genes with blood lipid profiles in healthy adults in the U.S. Methods Subjects (n = 393) between 18–66 years of age with BMIs ranging from 18.5–45 kg/m2 were enrolled the cross-sectional Nutritional Phenotyping Study. Among them, 349 subjects (men: 48%; women: 52%) gave consent for genotyping. SNPs in APOA5, APOB, APOC3, APOE, and LDLR were assessed. The association between lipid markers and genotypes was tested separately for each SNP with analysis of variance (ANOVA), adjusted for sex, age, and BMI. We also examined two-factor interactions between SNPs and sex, age, or BMI. Results Women carrying the C allele of rs3135506 in APOA5 or men carrying the C allele of rs429358 in APOE had reduced HDL-cholesterol levels during fasting and postprandially. The C allele in APOE was also correlated to increased LDL-C levels. The TT genotype of rs2854116 in APOC3 was associated with elevated total cholesterol. Additive effect of the risk alleles of APOA5 and APOE or APOC3 and APOE was detected. Nevertheless, the tested SNPs had little impact on the postprandial triglyceride responses to the high-fat challenge meal. We found no significant effects of SNPs in APOB (rs1042034) or LDLR (rs2228671) on triglycerides, cholesterol, or free fatty acid levels. Conclusions In healthy adults, fasting and postprandial cholesterol levels are strongly correlated with the tested APOA5, APOE, and APOC3 genotypes. Sex contributes to the genetic impact of the tested SNPs on lipid profiles. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02367287. Registered February 20, 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02367287. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-022-00592-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining E Wang
- Integrative Genetics and Genomics, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Catherine P Kirschke
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Leslie R Woodhouse
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ellen L Bonnel
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Charles B Stephensen
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Brian J Bennett
- Integrative Genetics and Genomics, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John W Newman
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nancy L Keim
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Liping Huang
- Integrative Genetics and Genomics, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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15
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Vales-Villamarín C, Lumpuy-Castillo J, Gavela-Pérez T, de Dios O, Pérez-Nadador I, Soriano-Guillén L, Garcés C. Sex-Dependent Mediation of Leptin in the Association of Perilipin Polymorphisms with BMI and Plasma Lipid Levels in Children. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153072. [PMID: 35893926 PMCID: PMC9332311 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in the perilipin (PLIN) gene have been suggested to be associated with obesity and its related alterations, but a different nutritional status seems to contribute to differences in these associations. In our study, we examined the association of several polymorphisms at the PLIN locus with obesity and lipid profile in children, and then analyzed the mediation of plasma leptin levels on these associations. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs894160, rs1052700, and rs2304795 in PLIN1, and rs35568725 in PLIN2, were analyzed by RT-PCR in 1264 children aged 6–8 years. Our results showed a contrasting association of PLIN1 rs1052700 with apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I levels in boys and girls, with genotype TT carriers showing significantly higher Apo A-I levels in boys and significantly lower Apo A-I levels in girls. Significant associations of the SNP PLIN2 rs35568725 with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), Apo A-I, and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were observed in boys but not in girls. The associations of the SNPs studied with body mass index (BMI), NEFA, and Apo A-I in boys and girls were different depending on leptin concentration. In conclusion, we describe the mediation of plasma leptin levels in the association of SNPs in PLIN1 and PLIN2 with BMI, Apo A-I, and NEFA. Different leptin levels by sex may contribute to explain the sex-dependent association of the PLIN SNPs with these variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vales-Villamarín
- Lipid Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-V.); (O.d.D.); (I.P.-N.)
| | - Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Teresa Gavela-Pérez
- Department of Pediatrics, IIS-FJD, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (T.G.-P.); (L.S.-G.)
| | - Olaya de Dios
- Lipid Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-V.); (O.d.D.); (I.P.-N.)
| | - Iris Pérez-Nadador
- Lipid Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-V.); (O.d.D.); (I.P.-N.)
| | | | - Carmen Garcés
- Lipid Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-V.); (O.d.D.); (I.P.-N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-5404892
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16
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Kettunen JLT, Rantala E, Dwivedi OP, Isomaa B, Sarelin L, Kokko P, Hakaste L, Miettinen PJ, Groop LC, Tuomi T. A multigenerational study on phenotypic consequences of the most common causal variant of HNF1A-MODY. Diabetologia 2022; 65:632-643. [PMID: 34951657 PMCID: PMC8894160 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Systematic studies on the phenotypic consequences of variants causal of HNF1A-MODY are rare. Our aim was to assess the phenotype of carriers of a single HNF1A variant and genetic and clinical factors affecting the clinical spectrum. METHODS We conducted a family-based multigenerational study by comparing heterozygous carriers of the HNF1A p.(Gly292fs) variant with the non-carrier relatives irrespective of diabetes status. During more than two decades, 145 carriers and 131 non-carriers from 12 families participated in the study, and 208 underwent an OGTT at least once. We assessed the polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes, age at onset of diabetes and measures of body composition, as well as plasma glucose, serum insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, glucagon and NEFA response during the OGTT. RESULTS Half of the carriers remained free of diabetes at 23 years, one-third at 33 years and 13% even at 50 years. The median age at diagnosis was 21 years (IQR 17-35). We could not identify clinical factors affecting the age at conversion; sex, BMI, insulin sensitivity or parental carrier status had no significant effect. However, for 1 SD unit increase of a polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes, the predicted age at diagnosis decreased by 3.2 years. During the OGTT, the carriers had higher levels of plasma glucose and lower levels of serum insulin and C-peptide than the non-carriers. The carriers were also leaner than the non-carriers (by 5.0 kg, p=0.012, and by 2.1 kg/m2 units of BMI, p=2.2 × 10-4, using the first adult measurements) and, possibly as a result of insulin deficiency, demonstrated higher lipolytic activity (with medians of NEFA at fasting 621 vs 441 μmol/l, p=0.0039; at 120 min during an OGTT 117 vs 64 μmol/l, p=3.1 × 10-5). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The most common causal variant of HNF1A-MODY, p.(Gly292fs), presents not only with hyperglycaemia and insulin deficiency, but also with increased lipolysis and markedly lower adult BMI. Serum insulin was more discriminative than C-peptide between carriers and non-carriers. A considerable proportion of carriers develop diabetes after young adulthood. Even among individuals with a monogenic form of diabetes, polygenic risk of diabetes modifies the age at onset of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarno L T Kettunen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Om P Dwivedi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bo Isomaa
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Paula Kokko
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Hakaste
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi J Miettinen
- New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, and Biomedicum Stem Cell Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif C Groop
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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Salari F, Roncoroni C, Altomonte I, Boselli C, Brajon G, Martini M. Effects of the Physiological Status and Diet on Blood Metabolic Parameters in Amiata Dairy Donkeys. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113292. [PMID: 34828023 PMCID: PMC8614268 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study investigated the physiological responses of donkeys feeding two different diets during maintenance, pregnancy and lactation. To investigate how the metabolic state influences dairy production, we also assessed the relationships between the blood metabolic profile and milk quality. We found that pregnancy and the first months of lactation led to lower feed intake and increases in blood non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), which was linked to the difficulty that the jennies have in meeting the higher energy needs. The intake of the concentrate in the diet was associated with the increase in blood glucose, both during maintenance and lactation. Higher NEFA were related to lower de novo synthesized milk fatty acids, whereas higher plasma B-HBA were related to higher somatic cell count. This paper contributes to the knowledge of physiological responses of jennies during milk production phases and provides information for donkey milk producers. Abstract Body weight changes and blood metabolic parameters in jennies feeding two different diets and in three physiological statuses were investigated (maintenance vs. pregnancy; maintenance vs. lactation). The relationships between blood metabolic profile and milk quality were also evaluated. Fourteen jennies were allocated to two groups (1: pregnant/lactating; 2: non-pregnant, non–lactating). Pregnant jennies and maintenance jennies (during the first 10-week measurement period) fed a diet consisted of ad libitum grass hay (diet 1); lactating jennies and maintenance jennies (during the last 10-week measurement period) fed ad libitum grass hay plus 2 kg/head/day of concentrate (diet 2). Blood sampling was performed on the jennies of both groups; individual milk samples were also collected during the first 70 days in milk. Higher blood NEFA (p < 0.05) were found in pregnant compared to maintenance jennies (diet 1) (68 vs. 37 μmol/L). Lactating jennies showed higher (p < 0.01) average blood NEFA (268 vs. 26 μmol/L) and glucose (66 vs. 55 mg/dL) compared to the maintenance (diet 2). Blood glucose was positively correlated to milk fat (p < 0.05), while negative significant correlations between de novo milk fatty acids and NEFAs were observed. Positive correlations between plasma B-HBA and somatic cell count (p < 0.01) were also found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Salari
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Cristina Roncoroni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Lazio e Toscana, 00178 Roma, Italy; (C.R.); (C.B.)
| | - Iolanda Altomonte
- Interdepartmental Centre for Research in Agricultural and Environmental Sciences “Enrico Avanzi”, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Carlo Boselli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Lazio e Toscana, 00178 Roma, Italy; (C.R.); (C.B.)
| | - Giovanni Brajon
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, 50018 Florence, Italy;
| | - Mina Martini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.S.); (M.M.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Mollo A, Agazzi A, Prandi A, Fusi J, De Amicis I, Probo M. Metabolic and production parameters of dairy cows with different dry period lengths and parities. Acta Vet Hung 2021; 69:354-362. [PMID: 34792484 DOI: 10.1556/004.2021.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To assess the effects of dry period (DP) length on metabolic, reproductive, and productive parameters, second- (SP) and third- (TP) parity cows were assigned to a traditional (9 weeks, T) or short (5 weeks, S) DP, obtaining four subgroups: second-parity cows with traditional (SPT = 8) and short (SPS = 8) DP, third-parity cows with traditional (TPT = 8) and short (TPS = 10) DP. Plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels were assessed from 5 weeks before to 14 weeks after parturition. IGF-I concentrations were affected by parity (P < 0.05) and by the interaction of time and DP length (P < 0.01). NEFA levels were affected only by time (P < 0.01). S DP cows showed a shorter interval between calving and ovarian cyclicity resumption (P < 0.01) and a higher milk yield (P < 0.01) and fat and protein corrected milk (P < 0.01) compared with T DP cows. Decreased milk protein content was found in the SPS group compared to the SPT (P < 0.05) and the TPS (P < 0.05) group. In conclusion, a short DP length does not affect reproductive performances, except for hastening the resumption of ovarian cyclicity. A short DP appears to increase milk production and is associated with higher IGF-I levels both in the prepartum and the postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mollo
- 1 Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Alessandro Agazzi
- 2 Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety 'Carlo Cantoni', Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Alberto Prandi
- 3 Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Jasmine Fusi
- 4 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | | | - Monica Probo
- 4 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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Noya A, Ripoll G, Casasús I, Sanz A. Long-term effects of early maternal undernutrition on the growth, physiological profiles, carcass and meat quality of male beef offspring. Res Vet Sci 2021; 142:1-11. [PMID: 34773792 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of maternal undernutrition in early gestation on growth, metabolic and endocrine profiles, carcass and meat quality of male offspring in cattle were assessed. Twenty-one Parda de Montaña and 14 Pirenaica cows received a CONTROL (100% nutrition requirements) or a SUBNUT (65%) diet from day 0 to 82 of gestation and thereafter were fed to requirements until calf weaning at 4 months of age. The performance and physiological profiles of male offspring during an 8-month fattening period were analyzed. Bulls were slaughtered at 12 months of age, and their carcasses and meat color, tenderness and intramuscular fatty acid profile were evaluated. Maternal undernutrition increased plasma NEFAs and impaired the growth of Pirenaica bulls, resulting in lower weights at slaughter and fatter carcasses with impaired meat tenderness. Irrespective of the breed, maternal undernutrition affected meat color and increased the meat content of some healthy fatty acids. In summary, early maternal undernutrition affected the fetal programming of beef male offspring with persistent consequences at slaughter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustí Noya
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Guillermo Ripoll
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Casasús
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Albina Sanz
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain.
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Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. It is characterised by steatosis, liver inflammation, hepatocellular injury and progressive fibrosis. Several preclinical models (dietary and genetic animal models) of NAFLD have deepened our understanding of its aetiology and pathophysiology. Despite the progress made, there are currently no effective treatments for NAFLD. In this review, we will provide an update on the known molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of NAFLD and on ongoing studies of new therapeutic targets.
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Key Words
- ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase
- ASK1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
- CAP, controlled attenuation parameter
- ChREBP
- ChREBP, carbohydrate responsive element–binding protein
- FAS, fatty acid synthase
- FFA, free fatty acid
- FGF21, fibroblast growth factor-21
- FXR
- FXR, farnesoid X receptor
- GGT, gamma glutamyltransferase
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HFD, high-fat diet
- HSC, hepatic stellate cells
- HSL, hormone-sensitive lipase
- HVPG, hepatic venous pressure gradient
- IL-, interleukin-
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- LXR
- LXR, liver X receptor
- MCD, methionine- and choline-deficient
- MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids
- NAFLD
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH
- NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- NEFA
- NEFA, non-esterified fatty acid
- PPARα
- PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α
- PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- PY, persons/years
- Phf2, histone demethylase plant homeodomain finger 2
- RCT, randomised controlled trial
- SCD1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
- SFA, saturated fatty acid
- SREBP-1c
- SREBP-1c, sterol regulatory element–binding protein-1c
- TCA, tricarboxylic acid
- TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4
- TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-α
- VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein
- animal models
- glucotoxicity
- lipotoxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Parlati
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, F- 75014 Paris, France.,Hôpital Cochin, 24, rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, F- 75014 Paris, France
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Fernández-Pacheco C, Millán P, Rodríguez M, Formoso-Rafferty N, Sánchez-Rodríguez A, Lorenzo PL, Arias-Álvarez M, García-García RM, Rebollar PG. Influence of Different Regimes of Moderate Maternal Feed Restriction during Pregnancy of Primiparous Rabbit Does on Long-Term Metabolic Energy Homeostasis, Productive Performance and Welfare. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2736. [PMID: 34573702 PMCID: PMC8470312 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a maternal feed restriction (MFR; 105 g/d) in primiparous rabbit does was applied from day 0 to 7 post artificial insemination (AI) (R07, n = 96), from day 7 to 21 post AI (R721, n = 92), from day 0 to 21 post AI (R021, n = 94) or fed ad libitum during whole pregnancy (Control, n= 92). Feed intake (FI) was measured after MFR was over. On day 28 of gestation, fetoplacental development was evaluated (n = 11/group) and the productive parameters of the remaining dams were analyzed. Plasma free tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine, glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and corticosterone were analyzed during gestation and lactation (n = 5/group). After MFR, all groups significantly increased their voluntary FI. The longer MFR was, the lower the weight and length of the fetuses, but no long-term effects over litter performance were observed. R021 groups had the lowest T3 and the highest NEFA concentrations during pregnancy and showed insulin resistance at the end of gestation, but during lactation, energy homeostasis was balanced in all groups. MFR did not affect corticosterone concentrations. In conclusion, the ration setting applied slightly involved the energy homeostasis and metabolism of the animals, but their overall metabolic condition, productive performance and welfare were not compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Fernández-Pacheco
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (P.M.); (A.S.-R.); (P.L.L.); (R.M.G.-G.)
| | - Pilar Millán
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (P.M.); (A.S.-R.); (P.L.L.); (R.M.G.-G.)
| | - María Rodríguez
- Department of Agrarian Production, ETSIAAB, Technical University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.); (N.F.-R.)
| | - Nora Formoso-Rafferty
- Department of Agrarian Production, ETSIAAB, Technical University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.); (N.F.-R.)
| | - Ana Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (P.M.); (A.S.-R.); (P.L.L.); (R.M.G.-G.)
| | - Pedro L. Lorenzo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (P.M.); (A.S.-R.); (P.L.L.); (R.M.G.-G.)
| | - María Arias-Álvarez
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rosa M. García-García
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (P.M.); (A.S.-R.); (P.L.L.); (R.M.G.-G.)
| | - Pilar G. Rebollar
- Department of Agrarian Production, ETSIAAB, Technical University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.); (N.F.-R.)
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Barzilay JI, Buzkova P, Djoussé L, Ix J, Kizer J, Cauley J, Matthan N, Lichtenstein AH, Mukamal KJ. Serum non-esterified fatty acid levels and hip fracture risk: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1745-1751. [PMID: 33651122 PMCID: PMC8572549 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05897-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Among elderly participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study, we found that non-esterified trans fatty acid levels had a significant prospective association with hip fracture risk. Other non-esterified fatty acid classes were not associated with hip fracture risk. INTRODUCTION Serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are bioactive metabolic intermediates that can be taken up by bone tissue. Their associations with hip fracture risk have not been previously examined. METHODS Thirty-five individual NEFAs in five classes (saturated [SFA], mono-un-saturated [MUFA], poly-unsaturated n-6 and n-3 [PUFA], and trans-FA) were measured in Cardiovascular Health Study participants (n = 2139, mean age 77.8 years) without known diabetes. The multivariable associations of NEFA levels with hip fracture risk were evaluated in Cox hazards models. RESULTS We documented 303 incident hip fractures during 11.1 years of follow-up. Among the five NEFA classes, total trans FA levels were positively associated with higher hip fracture risk (HR 1.17 [95% CI, 1.04, 1.31; p = 0.01] per one standard deviation higher level). The SFA lignoceric acid (24:0) was positively associated with higher risk (HR 1.09 [1.04, 1.1]; p < 0.001), while behenic (22:0) and docosatetraenoic (22:4 n6) acids were associated with lower risk (HR 0.76 [0.61, 0.94]; p = 0.01; 0.84 [0.70, 1.00]; p = 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION Total plasma trans NEFA levels are related to hip fracture risk, suggesting an unrecognized benefit of their systematic removal from food. Novel associations of individual NEFAs with hip fracture risk require confirmation in other cohort studies.
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Grants
- This research was supported by contracts HHSN268201200036C, HHSN268200800007C, HHSN268201800001C, N01HC55222, N01HC85079, N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086, and grants U01HL080295 and U01HL130114 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), with additional contribution from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Additional support was provided by R01AG023629 from the National Institute on Aging (NIA). NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL080295 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL130114 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HHSN268200800007C NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01HC55222 NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01HC85086 NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01HC85082 NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01HC85083 NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01HC85080 NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01HC85081 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HHSN268201200036C NHLBI NIH HHS
- HHSN268201800001C NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01HC85079 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 AG023629 NIA NIH HHS
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Barzilay
- Division of Endocrinology, Kaiser Permanente of Georgia, 3650 Steve Reynolds Blvd, Duluth, GA, 30096, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - P Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - L Djoussé
- Department of Medicine, Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Ix
- Division of Nephrology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - N Matthan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A H Lichtenstein
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K J Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Brookline, MA, USA
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Zarazaga LA, Gatica MC, De La Rosa I, Guzmán JL. The use of photoperiod-treated bucks to induce a "male effect" does not compensate for the negative effects of nutritional restriction of the females in Mediterranean goats. Res Vet Sci 2021; 139:177-185. [PMID: 34333252 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This work examined the effect of acute nutritional restriction or supplementation one week before male introduction on the reproductive performances of the "male effect" when using photostimulated or control males in goats. On 22 March, 84 anoestrous does were placed with photostimulated bucks or with bucks which had received no treatments. One week before male introduction, the females were provided with different nutritional regimes: Supplemented, restricted or control females. The non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and Insulin Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations were measured in the same samples. Fecundity, fertility, prolificacy and productivity were also determined. No interaction between both sources of variation was observed in any of the reproductive variables studied. Treatment of the bucks increased the percentage of females expressing behavioural oestrous associated with ovulation (71% vs 90% for Natural and Photo groups, respectively, P < 0.05). The Supplemented females showed higher ovulation rate than Restricted females (1.77 ± 0.13 vs 1.05 ± 0.05, P < 0.001), fecundity (71% vs 43%, P < 0.05); fertility (76% vs 29%, P < 0.05) and productivity (1.00 ± 0.15 vs 0.29 ± 0.11 kids per female, P < 0.01). In the Supplemented females, the higher reproductive results could be due to the lower NEFAs and higher IGF-1 concentrations at ovulation and at the time of oestrus compared to the Restricted females. Thus, the present experiment results demonstrate that nutrition is an important factor in the response to the "male effect" at Mediterranean latitudes, and its negative effect cannot be counterbalanced by using photostimulated bucks.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Zarazaga
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Universidad de Huelva, "Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3", Carretera Huelva-Palos de la Frontera s/n, 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, Spain.
| | - M C Gatica
- Universidad Arturo Prat, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Avenida Arturo Prat, 2120 Iquique, Chile
| | - I De La Rosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Universidad de Huelva, "Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3", Carretera Huelva-Palos de la Frontera s/n, 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, Spain
| | - J L Guzmán
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Universidad de Huelva, "Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3", Carretera Huelva-Palos de la Frontera s/n, 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, Spain
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Couperus AM, Schroeder F, Klukas R, Huber J, Wittek T, Peham JR. Influence of Different Lactation Stages on Circadian Rhythmicity of Metabolic Biomarkers in Dairy Cows: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1043. [PMID: 33917264 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Circadian rhythms are present in most species and play an important role in their metabolism. Metabolic biomarkers, which are commonly used to assess the health status, are also affected by those rhythms. In this study, we investigate the influence of lactation and time on four metabolic biomarkers in dairy cows. Our findings provide new insights into the physiology of circadian rhythms in dairy cows, which enables novel metabolic monitoring approaches. Abstract Currently, subclinical metabolic imbalances at the individual cow and herd level are detected by measuring biomarkers in single blood samples. However, diurnal variations have not been fully described yet but need to be considered when sampling for a robust ad consistent analysis. The study describes the influence of lactation phases on circadian rhythms and diurnal variations for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total bilirubin (tBIL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in dairy cows. In an observational pilot study, we used 16 clinically healthy Simmental dairy cows subdivided in four different lactation stages (dry-off, fresh, high and late lactating). Every cow was monitored for 24 h, with blood sampling and assessment of clinical parameters every 2 h. Time and lactation stage influence the concentration of the biomarkers NEFA, BHB and tBIL in serum. Further, circadian rhythmicity was found in high lactating cows for NEFA peaking at 5:39 am and BHB peaking at 4:20 pm. We suggest blood sampling for single-point measurements within three hours after the first feeding until two hours after the last feeding of the day. The results provide a new insight into the physiology of circadian rhythms in dairy cows and enable improved metabolic monitoring.
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Suagee-Bedore JK, Shen Y, Porr S, Girard ID, Bennett-Wimbush K, Wagner AL. Impacts of DigestaWell NRG Supplementation on Post Exercise Muscle Soreness in Unconditioned Horses, a Pilot Study. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 101:103455. [PMID: 33993938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Exercising horses are commonly plagued by muscle fatigue and soreness, which can result in reduced performance ability. In the present study, ten unconditioned horses were fed 200g per day DigestaWell NRG, a commercial dietary supplement containing Yucca schidigera and Trigonella foenum-graecum, two herbs shown in other species to reduce post-exercise muscle pain and soreness. A control, unsupplemented group contained ten horses of similar age, breed, and gender. Horses completed a 50 minutes, ridden standardized exercise test of moderate intensity immediately prior to (Period1) and after 28 days of supplementation (Period2). Muscle soreness and tightness were evaluated 24 hours prior to and after each exercise test and used to determine the percent increase in post-exercise muscle soreness and tightness. Blood samples were collected before, and at 10 and 30 minutes, and 1, 4, and 24 hours post exercise. Plasma was analyzed for glucose, lactate, non-esterified fatty acid, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β concentrations. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA using SAS Enterprise Guide v. 7.1. No changes in plasma parameters were indicated between periods for unsupplemented horses (P > 0.1) during Period2, excepting glucose, which was greater during Period2 (P = 0.018). Supplemented horses had lesser concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (P = 0.016) and lactate (P = 0.058) during Period2 than during Period1. During Period2, supplemented horses experienced a smaller percent increase in post exercise muscle soreness (P = 0.031). DigestaWell NRG supplementation may benefit unconditioned horses undergoing moderate intensity exercise through reducing lactate production and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shea Porr
- Murray State University, Murray, KY.
| | - Ivan D Girard
- Probiotech International, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
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Sotgiu FD, Porcu C, Pasciu V, Dattena M, Gallus M, Argiolas G, Berlinguer F, Molle G. Towards a Sustainable Reproduction Management of Dairy Sheep: Glycerol-Based Formulations as Alternative to eCG in Milked Ewes Mated at the End of Anoestrus Period. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040922. [PMID: 33805051 PMCID: PMC8064100 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Reproductive management of sheep for autumnal lambing often require induction and synchronization of oestrus and ovulation, either for natural mating or artificial insemination, by the use of pharmacological treatments. Such treatments are mostly based on the administration of progesterone followed by a single intramuscular dose of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) at progesterone withdrawal. However, repeated eCG treatments in consecutive mating seasons can result in the outbreak of resistance with a rise of anti-eCG antibodies. Furthermore, the future use and availability of eCG appears to be strongly challenged by the highly active animal-rights movement because the hormone is obtained from pregnant mares. The present study demonstrated that the administration of glycerol-based formulations to milked ewes is a valid alternative to eCG treatment in reproductive management protocols based on the induction of ovulation with progesterone-releasing devices at the end of anoestrus period. The glucogenic treatment administration to late lactation dairy ewes at the end of the anoestrus period improved their metabolism without harming animal production or animal welfare, thus promoting a sustainable reproductive management of dairy sheep. Abstract This study investigated whether the administration of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) in a protocol to induce and synchronize ovulations before mating could be replaced by the administration of glycerol-based formulations in milked ewes at the end of their seasonal anoestrus. Forty-eight late-lactation dairy ewes of the Sarda breed were synchronized using sponges impregnated with progestogen and then joined with fertile rams (day (D) 0, ram introduction). From D−4 to D−1, the ewes received by gavage either 100 mL of a glucogenic mixture (70% glycerol, 20% propylene glycol and 10% water; GLU group; n = 24) or 100 mL of water (GON group; n = 24) twice daily. Moreover, on the day of sponge withdrawal (D−1), GON ewes received 200 IU of eCG. There were no differences in reproductive performances between groups. GLU ewes showed higher glycemia (p < 0.001), insulinemia (p < 0.05), plasma glycerol (p < 0.001), triglycerides (p < 0.001) and lower cholesterol (p < 0.001), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA; p < 0.05) and urea (p < 0.001). Plasma osmolality was higher in GLU but only 4 h after dosing (p < 0.001). Milk yield and milk composition were not affected by the treatments with exception of milk glycerol (p < 0.001) and milk urea (p < 0.001), which were higher and lower in GLU than GON ewes, respectively. In conclusion, the administration of the glucogenic mixture to late lactation dairy ewes at the end of anoestrus period resulted in reproductive responses as good as the ones obtained by the eCG treatment, suggesting that the objective of a sustainable reproductive management of dairy sheep can be successfully pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca D. Sotgiu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.S.); (C.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Cristian Porcu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.S.); (C.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Valeria Pasciu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.S.); (C.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Maria Dattena
- AGRIS Sardegna, Loc. Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.D.); (M.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Marilia Gallus
- AGRIS Sardegna, Loc. Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.D.); (M.G.); (G.M.)
| | | | - Fiammetta Berlinguer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.S.); (C.P.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giovanni Molle
- AGRIS Sardegna, Loc. Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.D.); (M.G.); (G.M.)
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Knob DA, Thaler Neto A, Schweizer H, Weigand AC, Kappes R, Scholz AM. Energy Balance Indicators during the Transition Period and Early Lactation of Purebred Holstein and Simmental Cows and Their Crosses. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:309. [PMID: 33530414 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dairy cows undergo a very challenging time between the weeks immediately before calving and the start of lactation after calving. In particular, high yielding dairy cows, such as purebred Holstein cows, have to cope with a severe negative energy balance. In comparison to the feed (energy) intake, they produce a great surplus of milk energy. The energy deficit is supposed to be smaller in dual-purpose breeds, such as (German) Simmental. Therefore, crossbreeding of both breeds, with the aim of using the advantageous characteristics of both breeds, and the expected advantage of crossbred cows, might reduce the negative effects of the metabolic and physiologic challenges by improving the production efficiency of dairy herds. After calving, Simmental cows and cows with greater Simmental proportions decreased less in the body condition score, had lower concentrations of ketone bodies, and nonesterified fatty acids in the blood, which are common indicators of metabolic disorders during the transition period. In particular, first generation (F1) crossbred cows produced more energy corrected milk (ECM) than purebred Holstein cows, while the other crossbred generations still showed positive heterosis effects for ECM. That means, they produced more ECM than the average of both parental breeds. Abstract Crossbreeding in dairy cattle has been used to improve functional traits, milk composition, and efficiency of Holstein herds. The objective of the study was to compare indicators of the metabolic energy balance, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, body condition score (BCS) back fat thickness (BFT), as well as milk yield and milk composition of Holstein and Simmental cows, and their crosses from the prepartum period until the 100th day of lactation at the Livestock Center of the Ludwig Maximilians University (Munich, Germany). In total, 164 cows formed five genetic groups according to their theoretic proportion of Holstein and Simmental genes as follows: Holstein (100% Holstein; n = 9), R1-Hol (51–99% Holstein; n = 30), first generation (F1) crossbreds (50% Holstein, 50% Simmental; n = 17), R1-Sim (1–49% Holstein; n = 81) and Simmental (100% Simmental; n = 27). The study took place between April 2018 and August 2019. BCS, BFT blood parameters, such as BHBA, glucose, and NEFA were recorded weekly. A mixed model analysis with fixed effects breed, week (relative to calving), the interaction of breed and week, parity, calving year, calving season, milking season, and the repeated measure effect of cow was used. BCS increased with the Simmental proportion. All genetic groups lost BCS and BFT after calving. Simmental cows showed lower NEFA values. BHBA and glucose did not differ among genetic groups, but they differed depending on the week relative to calving. Simmental and R1-Sim cows showed a smaller effect than the other genetic groups regarding changes in body weight, BCS, or back fat thickness after a period of a negative energy balance after calving. There was no significant difference for milk yield among genetic groups, although Simmental cows showed a lower milk yield after the third week after calving. Generally, Simmental and R1-Simmental cows seemed to deal better with a negative energy balance after calving than purebred Holstein and the other crossbred lines. Based on a positive heterosis effect of 10.06% for energy corrected milk (ECM), the F1, however, was the most efficient crossbred line.
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García ML, Muelas R, Argente MJ, Peiró R. Relationship between Prenatal Characteristics and Body Condition and Endocrine Profile in Rabbits. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010095. [PMID: 33419042 PMCID: PMC7825349 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Litter size is an essential trait in rabbit production, and it depends on ovulation rate and embryonic and foetal survival. The period between 8 and 18 d of gestation is critical for foetal survival, as the placenta controls foetal nutrition during this period. Ovulation rate and foetal survival at 12 d of gestation are affected by body condition and metabolic and hormonal profile. Higher foetal survival is related to a higher number of vessels arriving at the implantation site, and may be due to higher available space for the foetus. Abstract This study evaluated the relationship between prenatal characteristics and body condition and endocrine profile. A total of 25 non-lactating multiparous females were used. Body condition, measured as body weight and perirenal fat thickness, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), leptin, progesterone and 17β-estradiol were recorded at mating and 12 d of gestation. Ovulation rate, number of foetuses, ovary and foetal weight, length and weight of uterine horn, available space per foetus and maternal and foetal placental morphometry were recorded at 12 d of gestation. Ovulation rate showed a positive linear relationship with number of foetuses, ovary weight and NEFA. A negative linear relationship between ovulation rate and perirenal fat thickness and leptin was obtained. Ovulation rate was maximum when body weight and 17β-estradiol were 4.4 kg and 22.7 pg/mL, respectively. Foetal weight showed a positive relationship with perirenal fat thickness and a negative relationship with leptin. An increase in progesterone and NEFA concentration was related to a positive linear increase in number of foetuses and in uterine horn weight. Space available per foetus was affected both by the number of vessels that reach the implantation site and by position of the foetus in the uterine horn. In conclusion, body condition during mating and early gestation should be maintained within an optimal range to ensure the best prenatal characteristics. While 17β-estradiol, NEFA and leptin affected the ovulation rate, progesterone and NEFA affected foetal development. The number of vessels that reach the implantation site determines early foetal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Luz García
- Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra de Beniel km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (R.M.); (M.-J.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Raquel Muelas
- Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra de Beniel km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (R.M.); (M.-J.A.)
| | - María-José Argente
- Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra de Beniel km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (R.M.); (M.-J.A.)
| | - Rosa Peiró
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain;
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Depommier C, Flamand N, Pelicaen R, Maiter D, Thissen JP, Loumaye A, Hermans MP, Everard A, Delzenne NM, Di Marzo V, Cani PD. Linking the Endocannabinoidome with Specific Metabolic Parameters in an Overweight and Insulin-Resistant Population: From Multivariate Exploratory Analysis to Univariate Analysis and Construction of Predictive Models. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010071. [PMID: 33466285 PMCID: PMC7824762 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The global obesity epidemic continues to rise worldwide. In this context, unraveling new interconnections between biological systems involved in obesity etiology is highly relevant. Dysregulation of the endocannabinoidome (eCBome) is associated with metabolic complications in obesity. This study aims at deciphering new associations between circulating endogenous bioactive lipids belonging to the eCBome and metabolic parameters in a population of overweight or obese individuals with metabolic syndrome. To this aim, we combined different multivariate exploratory analysis methods: canonical correlation analysis and principal component analysis, revealed associations between eCBome subsets, and metabolic parameters such as leptin, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Subsequent construction of predictive regression models according to the linear combination of selected endocannabinoids demonstrates good prediction performance for NEFA. Descriptive approaches reveal the importance of specific circulating endocannabinoids and key related congeners to explain variance in the metabolic parameters in our cohort. Analysis of quartiles confirmed that these bioactive lipids were significantly higher in individuals characterized by important levels for aforementioned metabolic variables. In conclusion, by proposing a methodology for the exploration of large-scale data, our study offers additional evidence of the existence of an interplay between eCBome related-entities and metabolic parameters known to be altered in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Rudy Pelicaen
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.M.); (J.-P.T.); (A.L.); (M.P.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.M.); (J.-P.T.); (A.L.); (M.P.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.M.); (J.-P.T.); (A.L.); (M.P.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Michel P. Hermans
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.M.); (J.-P.T.); (A.L.); (M.P.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Centre NUTRISS, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-764-73-97
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Husted AS, Ekberg JH, Tripp E, Nissen TAD, Meijnikman S, O'Brien SL, Ulven T, Acherman Y, Bruin SC, Nieuwdorp M, Gerhart-Hines Z, Calebiro D, Dragsted LO, Schwartz TW. Autocrine negative feedback regulation of lipolysis through sensing of NEFAs by FFAR4/GPR120 in WAT. Mol Metab 2020; 42:101103. [PMID: 33091626 PMCID: PMC7683346 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) released from adipocytes inhibit lipolysis through an unclear mechanism. We hypothesized that the LCFA receptor, FFAR4 (GPR120), which is highly expressed in adipocytes, may be involved in this feedback regulation. METHODS AND RESULTS Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of conditioned media from isoproterenol-stimulated primary cultures of murine and human adipocytes demonstrated that most of the released non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFAs) are known agonists for FFAR4. In agreement with this, conditioned medium from isoproterenol-treated adipocytes stimulated signaling strongly in FFAR4 transfected COS-7 cells as opposed to non-transfected control cells. In transfected 3T3-L1 cells, FFAR4 agonism stimulated Gi- and Go-mini G protein binding more strongly than Gq, effects which were blocked by the selective FFAR4 antagonist AH7614. In primary cultures of murine white adipocytes, the synthetic, selective FFAR4 agonist CpdA inhibited isoproterenol-induced intracellular cAMP accumulation in a manner similar to the antilipolytic control agent nicotinic acid acting through another receptor, HCAR2. In vivo, oral gavage with the synthetic, specific FFAR4 agonist CpdB decreased the level of circulating NEFAs in fasting lean mice to a similar degree as nicotinic acid. In agreement with the identified anti-lipolytic effect of FFAR4, plasma NEFAs and glycerol were increased in FFAR4-deficient mice as compared to littermate controls despite having elevated insulin levels, and cAMP accumulation in primary adipocyte cultures was augmented by treatment with the FFAR4 antagonist conceivably by blocking the stimulatory tone of endogenous NEFAs on FFAR4. CONCLUSIONS In white adipocytes, FFAR4 functions as an NEFA-activated, autocrine, negative feedback regulator of lipolysis by decreasing cAMP though Gi-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sofie Husted
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jeppe H Ekberg
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Emma Tripp
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Tinne A D Nissen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Stijn Meijnikman
- Departments of Internal and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Shannon L O'Brien
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Trond Ulven
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Yair Acherman
- Department of Surgery, Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands.
| | - Sjoerd C Bruin
- Department of Surgery, Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands.
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Departments of Internal and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Zach Gerhart-Hines
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Lars O Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Section of Preventive and Clinical Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark.
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Xiang AS, Giles C, Loh RK, Formosa MF, Eikelis N, Lambert GW, Meikle PJ, Kingwell BA, Carey AL. Plasma Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Concentrations Are Positively Associated with Brown Adipose Tissue Activity in Humans. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10100388. [PMID: 32998426 PMCID: PMC7601733 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10100388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation is a possible therapeutic strategy to increase energy expenditure and improve metabolic homeostasis in obesity. Recent studies have revealed novel interactions between BAT and circulating lipid species—in particular, the non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and oxylipin lipid classes. This study aimed to identify individual lipid species that may be associated with cold-stimulated BAT activity in humans. A panel of 44 NEFA and 41 oxylipin species were measured using mass-spectrometry-based lipidomics in the plasma of fourteen healthy male participants before and after 90 min of mild cold exposure. Lipid measures were correlated with BAT activity measured via 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), along with norepinephrine (NE) concentration (a surrogate marker of sympathetic activity). The study identified a significant increase in total NEFA concentration following cold exposure that was positively associated with NE concentration change. Individually, 33 NEFA and 11 oxylipin species increased significantly in response to cold exposure. The concentration of the omega-3 NEFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at baseline was significantly associated with BAT activity, and the cold-induced change in 18 NEFA species was significantly associated with BAT activity. No significant associations were identified between BAT activity and oxylipins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie S. Xiang
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (A.S.X.); (R.K.C.L.); (M.F.F.); (B.A.K.); (A.L.C.)
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Corey Giles
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-8532-1536
| | - Rebecca K.C. Loh
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (A.S.X.); (R.K.C.L.); (M.F.F.); (B.A.K.); (A.L.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Melissa F. Formosa
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (A.S.X.); (R.K.C.L.); (M.F.F.); (B.A.K.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Nina Eikelis
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne Institute of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia; (N.E.); (G.W.L.)
| | - Gavin W. Lambert
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne Institute of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia; (N.E.); (G.W.L.)
| | - Peter J. Meikle
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia;
| | - Bronwyn A. Kingwell
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (A.S.X.); (R.K.C.L.); (M.F.F.); (B.A.K.); (A.L.C.)
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Research Therapeutic Area, CSL Limited, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew L. Carey
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (A.S.X.); (R.K.C.L.); (M.F.F.); (B.A.K.); (A.L.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne 3800, Australia
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Li Y, Ding H, Liu L, Song Y, Du X, Feng S, Wang X, Li X, Wang Z, Li X, Li J, Wu J, Liu G. Corrigendum: Non-esterified Fatty Acid Induce Dairy Cow Hepatocytes Apoptosis via the Mitochondria-Mediated ROS-JNK/ERK Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:462. [PMID: 32637410 PMCID: PMC7319017 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00245.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyan Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Leihong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shibin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinchun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Porcu C, Sotgiu FD, Pasciu V, Cappai MG, Barbero-Fernández A, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Dattena M, Gallus M, Molle G, Berlinguer F. Administration of glycerol-based formulations in sheep results in similar ovulation rate to eCG but red blood cell indices may be affected. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:207. [PMID: 32571314 PMCID: PMC7310049 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the metabolic and osmotic effects of different doses of glycerol or a glycerol - propylene glycol mixture in Sarda sheep with the aim to identify those able to beneficially modify ewe's metabolic status without harmful changes in red blood cell (RBC) indices. Thereafter, the selected doses were tested for their effects on ewe's ovarian activity during an induced follicular phase and compared to the effects of a hormonal treatment with equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG). RESULTS Glycerol was administered alone (G groups: 90% glycerol and 10% water; % v/v) or in combination with propylene glycol (M groups: 70% glycerol, 20% propylene glycol, 10% water; % v/v). Treatments were formulated to provide 100, 75, 50 and 25% of the amount of energy supplied in previous experiments. Obtained results showed that the formulations G75 and M75 (22.5 and 18.2% on DM basis, respectively) induce metabolic changes comparable to those induced by M100. The latter dose has been already evaluated for its effects on sheep metabolism and reproductive performance. However, with these high doses, plasma osmolality increased significantly, and RBC indices showed significant alterations. The low dose groups (G25 and M25, 8.6 and 6.9% on DM basis, respectively) did not show any alterations in plasma osmolality and RBC indices, but the metabolic milieu differed markedly from that of M100. Between the medium dose groups, M50 (12.9% on DM basis) showed a more comparable milieu to M100 than G50 (15.9% on DM basis) and no RBC alterations. Therefore, M75, G75 and M50 doses were tested for their effect on ovarian functions and proved to be equally effective as eCG. CONCLUSION The results of the present study evidenced an alteration of RBC indices, and possibly of their functions, as a side effect of glycerol administration at high doses in the diet of ewes. Therefore, protocols foreseeing the administration of glycerol should be tested for their effects on RBC indices and functions. In general terms, the medium dose of the glucogenic mixture (12.9% of dietary DM on offer) should be preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Porcu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesca D Sotgiu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Valeria Pasciu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cappai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alicia Barbero-Fernández
- Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, Campus de Villanueva de la Cañada, Avd. Universidad 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maria Dattena
- AGRIS Sardegna, Loc. Bonassai, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Fiammetta Berlinguer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Li Y, Ding H, Liu L, Song Y, Du X, Feng S, Wang X, Li X, Wang Z, Li X, Li J, Wu J, Liu G. Non-esterified Fatty Acid Induce Dairy Cow Hepatocytes Apoptosis via the Mitochondria-Mediated ROS-JNK/ERK Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:245. [PMID: 32411699 PMCID: PMC7198733 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels and hepatocytes damage are characteristics of ketosis in dairy cows. Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of NEFA-induced liver damage. However, the exact mechanism by which oxidative stress mediates NEFA-induced hepatocytes apoptosis and liver injury remains poorly understood. The results of the present study demonstrated that NEFA contribute to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, resulting in an imbalance between oxidative and antioxidant species, transcriptional activation of p53, transcriptional inhibition of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), loss of mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) and release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome c (cyt c) into the cytosol, leading to hepatocytes apoptosis. Besides, NEFA triggered apoptosis in dairy cow hepatocytes via the regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma gene 2 (Bcl-2), caspase 9 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Pretreatment with the inhibitor SP600125 or PD98059 or the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) revealed that NEFA-ROS-JNK/ERK-mediated mitochondrial signaling pathway plays a crucial role in NEFA-induced hepatocytes apoptosis. Moreover, the results suggested that the transcription factors p53 and Nrf2 function downstream of this NEFA-ROS-JNK/ERK pathway and are involved in NEFA-induced hepatocytes apoptosis. In conclusion, these findings indicate that the NEFA-ROS-JNK/ERK-mediated mitochondrial pathway plays an important role in NEFA-induced dairy cow hepatocytes apoptosis and strongly suggests that the inhibitors SP600125 and PD98059 and the antioxidant NAC may be developed as therapeutics to prevent hyperlipidemia-induced apoptotic damage in ketotic dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyan Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Leihong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shibin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinchun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Peh EWY, Koecher K, Menon R, Henry CJ. Breakfast consumption modulates postprandial glycaemic, insulinaemic and NEFA response in pre-diabetic Asian males. Br J Nutr 2020; 123:664-72. [PMID: 31831088 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114519003180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Breakfast consumption is associated with a variety of nutritional and lifestyle-related health outcomes. The objective of the present study was to investigate how the consumption of breakfast affected blood glucose, insulin and NEFA profiles. A lower postprandial blood glucose, insulin and NEFA response is associated with a lower risk of development of metabolic diseases. In a randomised crossover non-blind design, thirteen pre-diabetic Chinese adult males (BMI 26·7 (sd 4·2) kg/m2) attended two sessions where they either consumed a high-glycaemic index breakfast or no breakfast consumption. Changes in glycaemic response over 27 h periods were measured using the Medtronic MiniMed iProTM2 continuous glucose monitoring system. Blood samples were collected using a peripheral venous catheter at fixed intervals for 3 h after the test meal and 3 h after standardised lunch consumption. Postprandial glucose, insulin and NEFA response was calculated as total AUC and incremental AUC using the trapezoidal rule that ignored the area under the baseline. It was found that breakfast consumption significantly decreased postprandial glucose, insulin and NEFA excursion response at lunch time (P = 0·001). Consumption of breakfast attenuated blood glucose profiles by minimising glycaemic excursions and reduced both insulinaemic and NEFA responses in pre-diabetic Asian males during the second meal. This simple dietary intervention may be a novel approach to help improve subsequent lunch glycaemic responses in Asians at high risk of developing diabetes.
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Abstract
The experiments reported in this research communication aimed to compare the serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) composition in ketotic cows and healthy cows during the perinatal period. NEFAs play significant roles in etiology and pathology of ketosis. We hypothesized that ketotic cows will display a different serum NEFA composition compared to healthy controls, and fatty acid related indicators for ketosis prediction can be screened. Pre-partum healthy cows were recruited, and blood samples were collected on -7, 3, 7, 14 and 21 d postpartum. Cows were further divided into a healthy control group (C group, n = 6) and a ketosis group (K group, n = 6) if blood β-hydroxybutyric acid levels exceeded 1.2 mm during the experiment. NEFA composition was then analyzed by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Only C12 : 0% was significantly higher in C group than K group on 7 d pre-partum (P < 0.05), when the cows were not diagnosed with ketosis. Five fatty acids displayed statistical differences in composition between C and K group (P < 0.05), namely C12 : 0, C16 : 0, C17 : 0, C18 : 1n9 and C22 : 1n9. Saturates%, unsaturates%, mono-unsaturates% and saturates/unsaturates were also different between C and K group (P < 0.05). Of note, C18 : 1n9/C12 : 0 and C18 : 1n9/C22 : 1n9 in K group were significantly higher than those in controls on 7 d pre-partum (P < 0.05). It is suggested that the ratios show potential as indicators for prediction of ketosis.
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Tricò D, Mengozzi A, Nesti L, Hatunic M, Gabriel Sanchez R, Konrad T, Lalić K, Lalić NM, Mari A, Natali A. Circulating palmitoleic acid is an independent determinant of insulin sensitivity, beta cell function and glucose tolerance in non-diabetic individuals: a longitudinal analysis. Diabetologia 2020; 63:206-218. [PMID: 31676981 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Experimental studies suggest that the fatty acid palmitoleate may act as an adipocyte-derived lipid hormone (or 'lipokine') to regulate systemic metabolism. We investigated the relationship of circulating palmitoleate with insulin sensitivity, beta cell function and glucose tolerance in humans. METHODS Plasma NEFA concentration and composition were determined in non-diabetic individuals from the Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular disease (RISC) study cohort at baseline (n = 1234) and after a 3 year follow-up (n = 924). Glucose tolerance, insulin secretion and beta cell function were assessed during an OGTT. Whole-body insulin sensitivity was measured by a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp (M/I) and OGTT (oral glucose insulin sensitivity index [OGIS]). The liver insulin resistance index was calculated using clinical and biochemical data. Body composition including fat mass was determined by bioelectrical impedance. RESULTS Circulating palmitoleate was proportional to fat mass (r = 0.21, p < 0.0001) and total NEFA levels (r = 0.19, p < 0.0001). It correlated with whole-body insulin sensitivity (M/I: standardised regression coefficient [std. β] = 0.16, p < 0.0001), liver insulin resistance (std. β = -0.14, p < 0.0001), beta cell function (potentiation: std. β = 0.08, p = 0.045) and glucose tolerance (2 h glucose: std. β = -0.24, p < 0.0001) after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, adiposity and other NEFA. High palmitoleate concentrations prevented the decrease in insulin sensitivity associated with excess palmitate (p = 0.0001). In a longitudinal analysis, a positive independent relationship was observed between changes in palmitoleate and insulin sensitivity over time (std. β = 0.07, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We demonstrated that plasma palmitoleate is an independent determinant of insulin sensitivity, beta cell function and glucose tolerance in non-diabetic individuals. These results support the role of palmitoleate as a beneficial lipokine released by adipose tissue to prevent the negative effects of adiposity and excess NEFA on systemic glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Tricò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
- Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mengozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Nesti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mensud Hatunic
- Department of Endocrinology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Thomas Konrad
- Institute for Metabolic Research, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katarina Lalić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nebojša M Lalić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrea Mari
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Natali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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Zhang B, Li M, Zou Y, Guo H, Zhang B, Xia C, Zhang H, Yang W, Xu C. Corrigendum: NFκB/Orai1 Facilitates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:290. [PMID: 31815116 PMCID: PMC6886368 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00202.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Ying Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Han Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | | | - Cheng Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hongyou Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Yepes FAL, Nydam DV, Mann S, Caixeta L, McArt JAA, Overton TR, Wakshlag JJ, Huson HJ. Longitudinal Phenotypes Improve Genotype Association for Hyperketonemia in Dairy Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E1059. [PMID: 31805754 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dairy cows have differing success in supporting their physiological functions while in energy deficit right after calving. Identification of genomic regions associated with different concentrations of non–esterified fatty acids and β–hydroxybutyrate in early postpartum Holstein cows provide insight into an animal’s genetic susceptibility to these conditions. Longitudinal phenotypes may provide a different perspective than cross-sectional phenotype variation and their association with genotypes in the study of complex metabolic diseases in dairy cows. This might allow us to reinforce preventative measures that decrease the incidence of hyperketonemia and improve genetic selection criteria. Abstract The objective of our study was to identify genomic regions associated with varying concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and the development of hyperketonemia (HYK) in longitudinally sampled Holstein dairy cows. Our study population consisted of 147 multiparous cows intensively characterized by serial NEFA and BHB concentrations. To identify individuals with contrasting combinations in longitudinal BHB and NEFA concentrations, phenotypes were established using incremental area under the curve (AUC) and categorized as follows: Group (1) high NEFA and high BHB, group (2) low NEFA and high BHB), group (3) low NEFA and low BHB, and group (4) high NEFA and low BHB. Cows were genotyped on the Illumina Bovine High-density (777 K) beadchip. Genome-wide association studies using mixed linear models with the least-related animals were performed to establish a genetic association with HYK, BHB-AUC, NEFA-AUC, and the comparisons of the 4 AUC phenotypic groups using Golden Helix software. Nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with high longitudinal concentrations of BHB and further investigated. Five candidate genes related to energy metabolism and homeostasis were identified. These results provide biological insight and help identify susceptible animals thus improving genetic selection criteria thereby decreasing the incidence of HYK.
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Connysson M, Rhodin M, Jansson A. Effects of Horse Housing System on Energy Balance during Post-Exercise Recovery. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110976. [PMID: 31739646 PMCID: PMC6912715 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Horse management aims to keep horses healthy and ensure good performance and animal welfare. Many horses are currently kept in individual box stalls indoors, a housing system that limits free movement, exploration, and social interaction, and may also subject horses to lower air quality. The alternative is a free-range housing system where horses are kept in groups outdoors. Anecdotal information indicates concerns among sports horse trainers that lack of rest in such systems delays recovery and impairs performance. This study examined whether recovery after competition-like exercise in Standardbred trotters was affected by housing system. The results showed that a free-range housing system did not delay recovery in Standardbred trotters, and in fact had positive effects on appetite and recovery of energy balance. Abstract This study examined the effects of two housing systems (free-range and box stalls) on recovery of energy balance after competition-like exercise in Standardbred horses. Eight adult geldings (mean age 11 years) were used. The study had a change-over design, with the box stall (BOX) and free-range group housing (FreeR) treatments each run for 21 days. The horses were fed forage ad libitum and performed two similar race-like exercise tests (ET), on day 7 and day 14 in each treatment. Forage intake was recorded during the last 6–7 days in each period. Blood samples were collected before, during, and until 44 h after ET. Voluntary forage intake (measured in groups with four horses in each group) was higher in FreeR horses than BOX horses (FreeR: 48, BOX: 39, standard error of the mean (SEM) 1.7 kg (p = 0.003)). Plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) was lower at 20–44 h of recovery than before in FreeR horses (p = 0.022), but not in BOX horses. Housing did not affect exercise heart rate, plasma lactate, plasma urea, or total plasma protein concentration. Thus the free-range housing system hastened recovery in Standardbred trotters, contradicting anecdotal claims that it delays recovery. The free-range housing also had positive effects on appetite and recovery of energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Connysson
- Wången National Center for Education in Trotting, Vången 110, S-835 93 Alsen, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-(0)640-17431
| | - Marie Rhodin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.R.)
| | - Anna Jansson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.R.)
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Zhang B, Li M, Zou Y, Guo H, Zhang B, Xia C, Zhang H, Yang W, Xu C. NFκB/Orai1 Facilitates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:202. [PMID: 31632961 PMCID: PMC6783633 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) promote de novo lipogenesis, which caused abnormal hepatic lipid accumulation, by the NFκB-Orai1 pathway. Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have been recognized as key mechanisms in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis. Whether Orai1 facilitates ER stress by oxidative stress remains unknown. The rat model of NAFLD was constructed by feeding high-fat diet (HFD). BRL-3A cells were treated with NEFAs, Orai1inhibtor BTP2, NFκB inhibitor wogonin, or small interfering Orai (siOrai) 1, respectively. The content of intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), indicating oxidative stress, was measured by a spectrophotometer. ER stress major proteins PERK, IRE1, ATF6, CHOP, and GRP78 were quantified using Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses. For the intracellular location of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Orai1 were measured by Western blot and immunofluorescence, and cytosolic Ca2+ was measured by flow cytometry. As we expected, the liver of rats with NAFLD showed lipid droplets in HE and Oil Red O. The decreased GSH and increased MDA were found in rats fed with HFD. ER stress major proteins PERK, IRE1, ATF6, GRP78, and CHOP were significantly increased in the HFD group. In BRL-3A cells, GSH content dramatically decreased from 1 h, MDA content dramatically increased from 3 h, and expression levels of ER stress significantly increased from 3 h by NEFA treatment. Furthermore, cytosolic Ca2+ increased from 0.5 h by NEFAs treated in BRL-3A cells. It indicated that NEFAs increased cytosolic Ca2+ to induce oxidative stress, thus ER stress. The content of oxidative stress and ER stress proteins showed the same trends by NEFAs treated in BRL-3A cells. These effects were reversed by the Orai1 inhibitor BTP2 and the NFκB inhibitor wogonin. Moreover, siOrai1 abrogated NEFAs' influence in BRL-3A cells. Last, ROS was found by NEFAs treated in BRL-3A cells, and NEFA treatment enhanced the nuclear localization of NF-κB p65 and ORAI1. It was considered that high NEFAs increased cytosolic Ca2+ and enhanced NFκB-dependent SOCE and its moiety protein Orai1 to decrease GSH and thus induced oxidative stress at earlier stages and furthermore tempted ER stress in the pathologic progress of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang, China
| | - Ying Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang, China
| | - Han Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang, China
| | | | - Cheng Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang, China
| | - Hongyou Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang, China
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Blaue D, Schedlbauer C, Starzonek J, Gittel C, Brehm W, Einspanier A, Vervuert I. Effects of body weight gain on insulin and lipid metabolism in equines. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 68:111-118. [PMID: 31035090 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to illuminate the changes in serum NEFA concentrations during a combined glucose-insulin test (CGIT) and basal serum triacylglycerides (TGs) with increasing BW in Shetland ponies and warmblood horses. Therefore, basal blood samples were taken during fasting and a CGIT was performed in 19 healthy equines (10 Shetland ponies, 9 warmblood horses) (t0). After one (t1) and two (t2) year(s) of receiving 200% of their maintenance metabolizable energy requirement, procedures were repeated in the same equines. Sixteen of 19 equines had no signs of insulin dysregulation confirmed by CGIT. Basal plasma glucose concentrations increased in ponies (P = 0.001) when comparing t0 and t2, and basal serum insulin concentrations increased in ponies (P = 0.009) and horses (P = 0.024) from t0 to t2. Basal serum NEFA concentrations increased in ponies comparing t0 and t2 (P = 0.01). During CGIT, NEFA levels dropped until reaching a nadir and subsequently recovered until reaching basal concentrations. The minimum serum NEFA value did not change over time in ponies or horses. However, a strong correlation between basal serum NEFA concentrations and the percentage drop to minimum NEFA levels was found in ponies. Two of three equines (one horse and one pony) graded as insulin-dysregulated suffered from laminitis at t2. The serum NEFA concentrations of these animals had a delay in recovery of the minimum NEFA levels. Basal serum TG levels did not change with BW gain, and no breed differences were observed. In conclusion, serum NEFA concentrations are useful parameters during CGIT to detect insulin dysregulation in equines. Thus, further investigation should be focused on lipid metabolism during insulin dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Blaue
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, An den Tierkliniken 9, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - C Schedlbauer
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, An den Tierkliniken 9, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Starzonek
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, An den Tierkliniken 9, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - C Gittel
- University Equine Hospital, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - W Brehm
- University Equine Hospital, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Einspanier
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - I Vervuert
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, An den Tierkliniken 9, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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43
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Macrae AI, Burrough E, Forrest J, Corbishley A, Russell G, Shaw DJ. Risk factors associated with excessive negative energy balance in commercial United Kingdom dairy herds. Vet J 2019; 250:15-23. [PMID: 31383415 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed risk factors associated with excessive negative energy balance (eNEB) in UK dairy cows between April 2006 and March 2015. Blood samples were analysed for β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and glucose. Following removal of all potential duplicate cows, a final dataset of 69,161 unique individual cows was obtained including biochemical results, individual cow and feed data. Generalised linear mixed-effect models and multivariable classification tree-based models showed that individual cow risk factors for eNEB included: (1) days relative to predicted calving date (dry cows); (2) days in milk (lactating cows); (3) body condition score (BCS; lactating cows ≥ BCS 4; OR 2.1); (4) milk yield (around 40 L per day); (5) parity (first lactation heifers; odds ratio [OR] 0.46 compared to older cows during lactation); and (6) chronic inflammatory conditions as assessed by globulin concentrations ≥ 50 g/L (OR 0.79 for cows with evidence of chronic inflammation). There was a higher prevalence during April to October (OR 1.19), and the lowest prevalence was in November. Feeding grass silage and wholecrop (silage made from cereal crops) to dry cows was associated with a reduced prevalence of eNEB, whereas access to grazed grass was associated with a higher prevalence in both the dry period (OR 1.32) and lactation (OR 1.33). Knowledge of the risk factors associated with eNEB in commercial dairy herds assists in both the implementation of herd monitoring programs and reduction of eNEB in dairy herds, with associated reductions in the risk of periparturient diseases and improved dairy cow performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Macrae
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - E Burrough
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - J Forrest
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - A Corbishley
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - G Russell
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - D J Shaw
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, EH25 9RG, UK
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44
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Aardema H, van Tol HTA, Vos PLAM. An overview on how cumulus cells interact with the oocyte in a condition with elevated NEFA levels in dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 207:131-137. [PMID: 31227325 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic stress in humans and animals is associated with impaired fertility. A major characteristic of metabolic stress is elevated levels of free fatty acids (NEFAs) in blood due to mobilization of body fat reserves. Dairy cows undergo a period of metabolic stress during the peri-calving period, the so-called negative energy balance (NEB) in the early weeks postpartum. At the time of NEB, both saturated and unsaturated NEFAs are mobilized to serve as an alternative energy supply for cells, however in particular saturated NEFAs can have a detrimental effect on somatic cells. Circulating NEFAs are also reflected in the follicular fluid of ovarian follicles and hence reach the cumulus-oocyte-complex (COC), which implies a potential risk for the developing oocyte. To this end, the current review focusses on the impact of NEFAs on the quality of the oocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Aardema
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Helena T A van Tol
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter L A M Vos
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
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45
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Andela BG, Van Eerdenburg FJCM, Choukeir A, Buják D, Szelényi Z, Boldizsár S, Kézér FL, Molnár L, Kovács L, Szenci O. Relationships among some serum enzymes, negative energy balance parameters, parity and postparturient clinical (endo)metritis in Holstein Friesian cows - Short communication. Acta Vet Hung 2019; 67:241-245. [PMID: 31238723 DOI: 10.1556/004.2019.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and concentrations of serum metabolites [beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA)] of primiparous (n = 83) and multiparous (n = 213) Holstein cows were studied as possible predictors of retained fetal membranes (RFM), grade 2 clinical metritis (CM) and clinical endometritis (CEM). A logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for the prevalence of CM diagnosed between 0-5, 6-10 and 11-20 days in milk (DIM) and for the prevalence of CEM diagnosed between 22-28 and 42-49 DIM. The activities of the examined serum enzymes did not show significant associations either with CM or with CEM. For NEFA sampled on days 0 and 5, an OR of 2.38 for CM 0-20 DIM and an OR of 2.58 for CM 11-20 DIM was found. For BHB sampled on days 0 and 5, an OR of 8.20 for CEM 22-28 and 42-49 DIM and an OR of 1.98 for CM 6-10 DIM were found. The prevalence of RFM was higher in ≥ 4 parity cows compared to primiparous cows (46.3% vs. 26.5%). BHB and NEFA levels measured between 0 and 5 DIM could have a predictive ability for postpartum uterine disorders such as RFM, CM and CEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baukje G. Andela
- 1Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ali Choukeir
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
| | - Dávid Buják
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szelényi
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
| | | | - Fruzsina Luca Kézér
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
- 4Institute of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - László Molnár
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
| | - Levente Kovács
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
- 4Institute of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Ottó Szenci
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
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46
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Macrae AI, Burrough E, Forrest J, Corbishley A, Russell G, Shaw DJ. Prevalence of excessive negative energy balance in commercial United Kingdom dairy herds. Vet J 2019; 248:51-57. [PMID: 31113563 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the individual animal and herd level prevalence of excessive negative energy balance (eNEB) in commercial UK dairy herds. Between April 2006 and March 2015, blood samples from 84,369 individual cows from 1748 different UK farms were received by a commercial laboratory service specializing in dairy cow nutritional monitoring. Following removal of all potential duplicate cows, the final dataset comprised 69,161 unique individual cows. The prevalence of eNEB was determined using plasma thresholds of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and glucose. Overall prevalence of subclinical ketosis (SCK) in the first 20 days of lactation was 28.5%, 17.3% and 11.7% using BHB thresholds of 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 mmol/L respectively. Prevalence of NEFA values ≥0.5 mmol/L in the last 10 days prior to calving was 26.0%, and 40.3% of cows had NEFA values ≥0.7 mmol/L in the first 20 days in milk (DIM). Combining BHB, NEFA and glucose showed that 52.0% of cows had one or more of the three biochemical measures of energy balance outside the respective threshold value in the last 10 days pre-calving, and 75.2% of cows showed a similar biochemical pattern in the first 20 DIM. The median herd prevalence of elevated BHB and/or NEFA was 37.5% in late pregnancy and 59.8% in the first 20 DIM, with substantial herd variation. Using multiple measures for the assessment of energy balance, this study has shown that eNEB affects substantial numbers of UK dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Macrae
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK; Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - E Burrough
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK; Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - J Forrest
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK; Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - A Corbishley
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK; Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - G Russell
- Dairy Herd Health and Productivity Service, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK; Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - D J Shaw
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
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47
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Ness KM, Strayer SM, Nahmod NG, Chang AM, Buxton OM, Shearer GC. Two nights of recovery sleep restores the dynamic lipemic response, but not the reduction of insulin sensitivity, induced by five nights of sleep restriction. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 316:R697-R703. [PMID: 30892916 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00336.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inadequate sleep is associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The mechanisms involved are poorly understood but involve changes in insulin sensitivity, including within adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of sleep restriction on nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) suppression profiles in response to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and to assess whether 2 nights of recovery sleep (a "weekend") is sufficient to restore metabolic health. We hypothesized that sleep restriction impairs both glucose and lipid metabolism, specifically adipocyte insulin sensitivity, and the dynamic lipemic response of adipocyte NEFA release during an IVGTT. Fifteen healthy men completed an inpatient study of 3 baseline nights (10 h of time in bed/night), followed by 5 nights of 5 h of time in bed/night and 2 recovery nights (10 h of time in bed/night). IVGTTs were performed on the final day of each condition. Reductions in insulin sensitivity without a compensatory change in acute insulin response to glucose were consistent with prior studies (insulin sensitivity P = 0.002; acute insulin response to glucose P = 0.23). The disposition index was suppressed by sleep restriction and did not recover after recovery sleep (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.01, respectively). Fasting NEFAs were not different from baseline in either the restriction or recovery conditions. NEFA rebound was significantly suppressed by sleep restriction (P = 0.01) but returned to baseline values after recovery sleep. Our study indicates that sleep restriction impacts NEFA metabolism and demonstrates that 2 nights of recovery sleep may not be adequate to restore glycemic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Ness
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen M Strayer
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicole G Nahmod
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne-Marie Chang
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School , University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard Chan School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts.,Sleep Health Institute, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gregory C Shearer
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
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48
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Mohebbi-Fani M, Omidi A, Mirzaei A, Nazifi S, Nowroozi K. A field study on glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and thyroid hormones in dairy cows during the breeding period in Fars province, Iran. Iran J Vet Res 2019; 20:55-59. [PMID: 31191701 PMCID: PMC6509905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was hypothesized that under apparently good management practices in dairy farms, some cows may not be metabolically perfect during the breeding period and this may affect their performance. AIMS This study was conducted to assess probable metabolic drawbacks in mid-lactation dairy cows affecting their performance. METHODS Thirty-seven clinically healthy Holstein cows were assessed for plasma concentrations of glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), thyroxin (T4), and tri-iodothyronine (T3) on days 60, 90 and 120 of lactation. The relationships of the measured analytes with some performance indices were also studied. RESULTS Continuous declines in plasma glucose (within reference values; P<0.006), T4 (P<0.001) and T3 (0.003) were found during the study. Non-esterified fatty acids showed relatively high levels through the study with a rise at day 90 (P<0.041). Beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations did not change significantly (P>0.05) but were higher than those reported by others in mid-lactation cows. By progress in lactation 27% of cows had glucose concentrations <2.5 mmol/L, 62% had NEFA concentrations >0.40 mmol/L and 13.5% had BHB levels above 1200 µmol/L, which are the threshold levels of peri- and post-parturient problems. Milk production had negative correlations with glucose and T4 while the correlation was positive with NEFA. The interval between calving to the 1st heat had positive correlations with BHB concentrations. The interval between calving and the 1st insemination was inversely correlated with glucose and positively correlated with NEFA levels. CONCLUSION The changes of the studied analytes in mid-lactation cows resembled those that would happen during negative energy balance in early lactation cows and feed restriction in mid-lactation cows and may affect the general health and the performance of the cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mohebbi-Fani
- Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A. Omidi
- Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A. Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S. Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kh. Nowroozi
- Graduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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49
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Silveira PAS, Butler WR, LaCount SE, Overton TR, Barros CC, Schneider A. Polymorphisms in the anti-oxidant paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene associated with fertility of postpartum dairy cows. Theriogenology 2018; 125:302-309. [PMID: 30504072 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a negative acute phase plasma protein synthesized by the liver that has anti-oxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PON1 promoter region with plasma PON1 activity and fertility in Holstein dairy cows. Sixty-eighty Holstein cows were used in this initial investigative study. Blood samples were collected weekly beginning 28 days prior to expected calving, twice weekly in week 1 and 2 postpartum, and then once weekly through 6 weeks postpartum for plasma PON1 activity analysis. Cows were synchronized for ovulation and timed AI at 63-70 DIM using an Ovsynch program. Pregnancy diagnosis was confirmed by rectal palpation and reproductive performance data was recorded until 210 DIM. DNA was extracted from blood of each cow and a fragment of proximal PON1 gene promoter was sequenced. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the promoter region of the PON1 gene at positions -22, -105, -176, -221, -392, -611 and -676, six of which were significantly associated with plasma PON1 activity level. The SNPs -221 and -392 were significantly associated with both plasma PON1 activity and the calving to conception interval (P < 0.05) with no significant effect on calving to first ovulation interval. In conclusion, the genotypes associated with higher plasma PON1 activity in SNP locations -221 and -392 were also associated with a reduced calving to conception interval in this study set of cows. These SNPs may provide novel genetic markers for improved fertility in future larger studies in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - W R Butler
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - S E LaCount
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - T R Overton
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Carlos Castilho Barros
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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50
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Kovacevic Z, Stojanovic D, Cincovic M, Belic B, Davidov I, Plavsa N, Radinovic M. Association of metabolic and inflammatory markers with milk yield in postpartum dairy cows treated with ketoprofen. Pol J Vet Sci 2018; 21:325-331. [PMID: 30450872 DOI: 10.24425/122600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation together with lipolysis and ketogenesis in early lactation can cause low productivity and may be harmful to the cow health. The objective of the study was to determine if ketoprofen treatment in the first days following parturition would positively affect the milk production and whether it was associated with the metabolic and inflammatory response. The study was conducted on 30 cows divided into two groups of 15 cows each. The experimental group was treated with 3 mg × kg. bw. -1 ketoprofen for three consecutive days after parturition. The blood samples were collected on the first day of treatment and in the first and second week postpartum and they were analyzed for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), tumour necrosis factor-a(TNF-a) and haptoglobin. The results suggested that ketoprofen-treated cows with a higher milk production had a significantly lower concentration of NEFA, BHB, TNF-a and haptoglobin in the first and second week postpartum. No differences were found in the control group in metabolic status regardless of the achieved level of milk production. Ketoprofen administration in postpartum cows can enhance the milk yield. The higher milk yield in the experimental group might be associated with a lower degree of lipolysis, ketogenesis and reduced inflammatory response in the first two weeks postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Kovacevic
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - D Stojanovic
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - M Cincovic
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - B Belic
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - I Davidov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - N Plavsa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - M Radinovic
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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