1
|
Dopavogui L, Régnier M, Polizzi A, Ponchon Q, Smati S, Klement W, Lasserre F, Lukowicz C, Lippi Y, Fougerat A, Bertrand-Michel J, Naylies C, Canlet C, Debrauwer L, Rousseau-Bacquié E, Gamet-Payrastre L, Dauriat C, Casas J, Croubels S, De Baere S, Burger HM, Chassaing B, Ellero-Simatos S, Guillou H, Oswald IP, Loiseau N. Obesity promotes fumonisin B1 hepatotoxicity. Sci Total Environ 2023:164436. [PMID: 37247733 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, which is a worldwide public health issue, is associated with chronic inflammation that contribute to long-term complications, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We hypothesized that obesity may also influence the sensitivity to food contaminants, such as fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced mainly by the Fusarium verticillioides. FB1, a common contaminant of corn, is the most abundant and best characterized member of the fumonisins family. We investigated whether diet-induced obesity could modulate the sensitivity to oral FB1 exposure, with emphasis on gut health and hepatotoxicity. Thus, metabolic effects of FB1 were assessed in obese and non-obese male C57BL/6J mice. Mice received a high-fat diet (HFD) or normal chow diet (CHOW) for 15 weeks. Then, during the last three weeks, mice were exposed to these diets in combination or not with FB1 (10 mg/kg body weight/day) through drinking water. As expected, HFD feeding induced significant body weight gain, increased fasting glycemia, and hepatic steatosis. Combined exposure to HFD and FB1 resulted in body weight loss and a decrease in fasting blood glucose level. This co-exposition also induces gut dysbiosis, an increase in plasma FB1 level, a decrease in liver weight and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, plasma transaminase levels were significantly increased and associated with liver inflammation in HFD/FB1-treated mice. Liver gene expression analysis revealed that the combined exposure to HFD and FB1 was associated with reduced expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and increased expression of immune response and cell cycle-associated genes. These results suggest that, in the context of obesity, FB1 exposure promotes gut dysbiosis and severe liver inflammation. To our knowledge, this study provides the first example of obesity-induced hepatitis in response to a food contaminant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Léonie Dopavogui
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Quentin Ponchon
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarra Smati
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France; L'institut du thorax, Inserm, CNRS, Univ Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Wendy Klement
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Lukowicz
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Debrauwer
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Rousseau-Bacquié
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Charlène Dauriat
- Unit of Research Integrity, Research Directorate, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Siska Croubels
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Siegrid De Baere
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Hester M Burger
- Unit of Research Integrity, Research Directorate, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, Team "Mucosal Microbiota in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases", CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Régnier M, Carbinatti T, Parlati L, Benhamed F, Postic C. The role of ChREBP in carbohydrate sensing and NAFLD development. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:336-349. [PMID: 37055547 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive sugar consumption and defective glucose sensing by hepatocytes contribute to the development of metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic metabolism of carbohydrates into lipids is largely dependent on the carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP), a transcription factor that senses intracellular carbohydrates and activates many different target genes, through the activation of de novo lipogenesis (DNL). This process is crucial for the storage of energy as triglycerides in hepatocytes. Furthermore, ChREBP and its downstream targets represent promising targets for the development of therapies for the treatment of NAFLD and T2DM. Although lipogenic inhibitors (for example, inhibitors of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase or ATP citrate lyase) are currently under investigation, targeting lipogenesis remains a topic of discussion for NAFLD treatment. In this Review, we discuss mechanisms that regulate ChREBP activity in a tissue-specific manner and their respective roles in controlling DNL and beyond. We also provide in-depth discussion of the roles of ChREBP in the onset and progression of NAFLD and consider emerging targets for NAFLD therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
| | - Thaïs Carbinatti
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Parlati
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Régnier M, Van Hul M, Roumain M, Paquot A, de Wouters d’Oplinter A, Suriano F, Everard A, Delzenne NM, Muccioli GG, Cani PD. Inulin increases the beneficial effects of rhubarb supplementation on high-fat high-sugar diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice: impact on energy expenditure, brown adipose tissue activity, and microbiota. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2178796. [PMID: 36803220 PMCID: PMC9980659 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2178796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of prebiotics and plant-based compounds have many beneficial health effects through modulation of gut microbiota composition and are considered as promising nutritional strategy for the treatment of metabolic diseases. In the present study, we assessed the separated and combined effects of inulin and rhubarb on diet-induced metabolic disease in mice. We showed that supplementation with both inulin and rhubarb abolished the total body and fat mass gain upon high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFHS) as well as several obesity-associated metabolic disorders. These effects were associated with increased energy expenditure, lower whitening of the brown adipose tissue, higher mitochondria activity and increased expression of lipolytic markers in white adipose tissue. Despite modifications of intestinal gut microbiota and bile acid compositions by inulin or rhubarb alone, combination of both inulin and rhubarb had minor additional impact on these parameters. However, the combination of inulin and rhubarb increased the expression of several antimicrobial peptides and higher goblet cell numbers, thereby suggesting a reinforcement of the gut barrier. Together, these results suggest that the combination of inulin and rhubarb in mice potentiates beneficial effects of separated rhubarb and inulin on HFHS-related metabolic disease and could be considered as nutritional strategy for the prevention and treatment of obesity and related pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Martin Roumain
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alice de Wouters d’Oplinter
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Francesco Suriano
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium,current address: Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G. Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium,CONTACT Patrice D. Cani LDRI, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Av. E. Mounier, 73 box B1.73.11, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Carbinatti T, Régnier M, Parlati L, Benhamed F, Postic C. New insights into the inter-organ crosstalk mediated by ChREBP. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1095440. [PMID: 36923222 PMCID: PMC10008936 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1095440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a glucose responsive transcription factor recognized by its critical role in the transcriptional control of glycolysis and de novo lipogenesis. Substantial advances in the field have revealed novel ChREBP functions. Indeed, due to its actions in different tissues, ChREBP modulates the inter-organ communication through secretion of peptides and lipid factors, ensuring metabolic homeostasis. Dysregulation of these orchestrated interactions is associated with development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we recapitulate the current knowledge about ChREBP-mediated inter-organ crosstalk through secreted factors and its physiological implications. As the liver is considered a crucial endocrine organ, we will focus in this review on the role of ChREBP-regulated hepatokines. Lastly, we will discuss the involvement of ChREBP in the progression of metabolic pathologies, as well as how the impairment of ChREBP-dependent signaling factors contributes to the onset of such diseases.
Collapse
|
5
|
Fougerat A, Schoiswohl G, Polizzi A, Régnier M, Wagner C, Smati S, Fougeray T, Lippi Y, Lasserre F, Raho I, Melin V, Tramunt B, Métivier R, Sommer C, Benhamed F, Alkhoury C, Greulich F, Jouffe C, Emile A, Schupp M, Gourdy P, Dubot P, Levade T, Meynard D, Ellero-Simatos S, Gamet-Payrastre L, Panasyuk G, Uhlenhaut H, Amri EZ, Cruciani-Guglielmacci C, Postic C, Wahli W, Loiseau N, Montagner A, Langin D, Lass A, Guillou H. ATGL-dependent white adipose tissue lipolysis controls hepatocyte PPARα activity. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110910. [PMID: 35675775 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In hepatocytes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) orchestrates a genomic and metabolic response required for homeostasis during fasting. This includes the biosynthesis of ketone bodies and of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Here we show that in the absence of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in adipocytes, ketone body and FGF21 production is impaired upon fasting. Liver gene expression analysis highlights a set of fasting-induced genes sensitive to both ATGL deletion in adipocytes and PPARα deletion in hepatocytes. Adipose tissue lipolysis induced by activation of the β3-adrenergic receptor also triggers such PPARα-dependent responses not only in the liver but also in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Intact PPARα activity in hepatocytes is required for the cross-talk between adipose tissues and the liver during fat mobilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Gabriele Schoiswohl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 46/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Carina Wagner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sarra Smati
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Tiffany Fougeray
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Frederic Lasserre
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ilyès Raho
- Université Paris Cité, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Valentine Melin
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Blandine Tramunt
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse III University - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Service de Diabétologie, Maladies Métaboliques et Nutrition, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Raphaël Métivier
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes, UMR 6290 CNRS, Rennes, France
| | - Caroline Sommer
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Chantal Alkhoury
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Franziska Greulich
- Metabolic Programming, TUM School of Life Sciences, ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Céline Jouffe
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center (IDO, IDC, IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich HMGU, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anthony Emile
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Michael Schupp
- Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse III University - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Service de Diabétologie, Maladies Métaboliques et Nutrition, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Patricia Dubot
- INSERM U1037, CRCT, Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- INSERM U1037, CRCT, Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Delphine Meynard
- Institute of Digestive Health Research, IRSD, INSERM U1220, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ganna Panasyuk
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Metabolic Programming, TUM School of Life Sciences, ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany; Helmholtz Diabetes Center (IDO, IDC, IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich HMGU, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Catherine Postic
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Le Génopode, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse III University - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Dominique Langin
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse III University - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Academic Institute of France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fougeray T, Polizzi A, Régnier M, Fougerat A, Ellero-Simatos S, Lippi Y, Smati S, Lasserre F, Tramunt B, Huillet M, Dopavogui L, Salvi J, Nédélec E, Gigot V, Smith L, Naylies C, Sommer C, Haas JT, Wahli W, Duez H, Gourdy P, Gamet-Payrastre L, Benani A, Burnol AF, Loiseau N, Postic C, Montagner A, Guillou H. The hepatocyte insulin receptor is required to program the liver clock and rhythmic gene expression. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110674. [PMID: 35417722 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver physiology is circadian and sensitive to feeding and insulin. Food intake regulates insulin secretion and is a dominant signal for the liver clock. However, how much insulin contributes to the effect of feeding on the liver clock and rhythmic gene expression remains to be investigated. Insulin action partly depends on changes in insulin receptor (IR)-dependent gene expression. Here, we use hepatocyte-restricted gene deletion of IR to evaluate its role in the regulation and oscillation of gene expression as well as in the programming of the circadian clock in the adult mouse liver. We find that, in the absence of IR, the rhythmicity of core-clock gene expression is altered in response to day-restricted feeding. This change in core-clock gene expression is associated with defective reprogramming of liver gene expression. Our data show that an intact hepatocyte insulin receptor is required to program the liver clock and associated rhythmic gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Fougeray
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France; Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Sarra Smati
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France; Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse, France; Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Nantes, Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Blandine Tramunt
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse, France; Service de Diabétologie, Maladies Métaboliques et Nutrition, CHU de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marine Huillet
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Léonie Dopavogui
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Juliette Salvi
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nédélec
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Vincent Gigot
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Lorraine Smith
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Sommer
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Joel T Haas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Le Génopode, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Duez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse, France; Service de Diabétologie, Maladies Métaboliques et Nutrition, CHU de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse, France.
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Smati S, Polizzi A, Fougerat A, Ellero-Simatos S, Blum Y, Lippi Y, Régnier M, Laroyenne A, Huillet M, Arif M, Zhang C, Lasserre F, Marrot A, Al Saati T, Wan J, Sommer C, Naylies C, Batut A, Lukowicz C, Fougeray T, Tramunt B, Dubot P, Smith L, Bertrand-Michel J, Hennuyer N, Pradere JP, Staels B, Burcelin R, Lenfant F, Arnal JF, Levade T, Gamet-Payrastre L, Lagarrigue S, Loiseau N, Lotersztajn S, Postic C, Wahli W, Bureau C, Guillaume M, Mardinoglu A, Montagner A, Gourdy P, Guillou H. Integrative study of diet-induced mouse models of NAFLD identifies PPARα as a sexually dimorphic drug target. Gut 2022; 71:807-821. [PMID: 33903148 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the influence of sex on the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated diet-induced phenotypic responses to define sex-specific regulation between healthy liver and NAFLD to identify influential pathways in different preclinical murine models and their relevance in humans. DESIGN Different models of diet-induced NAFLD (high-fat diet, choline-deficient high-fat diet, Western diet or Western diet supplemented with fructose and glucose in drinking water) were compared with a control diet in male and female mice. We performed metabolic phenotyping, including plasma biochemistry and liver histology, untargeted large-scale approaches (liver metabolome, lipidome and transcriptome), gene expression profiling and network analysis to identify sex-specific pathways in the mouse liver. RESULTS The different diets induced sex-specific responses that illustrated an increased susceptibility to NAFLD in male mice. The most severe lipid accumulation and inflammation/fibrosis occurred in males receiving the high-fat diet and Western diet, respectively. Sex-biased hepatic gene signatures were identified for these different dietary challenges. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) co-expression network was identified as sexually dimorphic, and in vivo experiments in mice demonstrated that hepatocyte PPARα determines a sex-specific response to fasting and treatment with pemafibrate, a selective PPARα agonist. Liver molecular signatures in humans also provided evidence of sexually dimorphic gene expression profiles and the sex-specific co-expression network for PPARα. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the sex specificity of NAFLD pathophysiology in preclinical studies and identify PPARα as a pivotal, sexually dimorphic, pharmacological target. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02390232.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Smati
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yuna Blum
- CIT, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France.,IGDR UMR 6290, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexia Laroyenne
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marine Huillet
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Frederic Lasserre
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Marrot
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Talal Al Saati
- Experimental Histopathology Department, INSERM US006-CREFRE, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - JingHong Wan
- INSERM-UMR1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Sommer
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurelie Batut
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Celine Lukowicz
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Tiffany Fougeray
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Blandine Tramunt
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Patricia Dubot
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSERM U1037, CRCT, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Lorraine Smith
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Hennuyer
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Pradere
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Remy Burcelin
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSERM U1037, CRCT, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- INSERM-UMR1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Le Génopode, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Bureau
- Hepatology Unit, Rangueil Hospital Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Maeva Guillaume
- Hepatology Unit, Rangueil Hospital Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.,Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), UMR1297, INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France .,Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abot A, Brochot A, Pomié N, Wemelle E, Druart C, Régnier M, Delzenne NM, de Vos WM, Knauf C, Cani PD. Camu-Camu Reduces Obesity and Improves Diabetic Profiles of Obese and Diabetic Mice: A Dose-Ranging Study. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040301. [PMID: 35448490 PMCID: PMC9025096 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight, obesity, and their comorbidities are currently considered a major public health concern. Today considerable efforts are still needed to develop efficient strategies able to attenuate the burden of these diseases. Nutritional interventions, some with plant extracts, present promising health benefits. In this study, we evaluated the action of Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia), an Amazonian fruit rich in polyphenols and vitamin C, on the prevention of obesity and associated disorders in mice and the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in both cecum and feces. Methods: We investigated the dose-response effects of Camu-Camu extract (CCE) in the context of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. After 5 weeks of supplementation, we demonstrated that the two doses of CCE differently improved glucose and lipid homeostasis. The lowest CCE dose (62.5 mg/kg) preferentially decreased non-HDL cholesterol and free fatty acids (FFA) and increased the abundance of A. muciniphila without affecting liver metabolism, while only the highest dose of CCE (200 mg/kg) prevented excessive body weight gain, fat mass gain, and hepatic steatosis. Both doses decreased fasting hyperglycemia induced by HFD. In conclusion, the use of plant extracts, and particularly CCE, may represent an additional option in the support of weight management strategies and glucose homeostasis alteration by mechanisms likely independent from the modulation of A. muciniphila abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Abot
- Enterosys SAS, 31670 Labège, France; (A.A.); (N.P.)
| | - Amandine Brochot
- A-Mansia Biotech SA, The Akkermansia Company, 1435 Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium; (A.B.); (C.D.)
| | | | - Eve Wemelle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive et Nutrition (IRSD), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31000 Toulouse, France;
- NeuroMicrobiota Lab, International Research Program (IRP) INSERM, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Druart
- A-Mansia Biotech SA, The Akkermansia Company, 1435 Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium; (A.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Marion Régnier
- WELBIO—Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.R.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- WELBIO—Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.R.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claude Knauf
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive et Nutrition (IRSD), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31000 Toulouse, France;
- NeuroMicrobiota Lab, International Research Program (IRP) INSERM, 31000 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (P.D.C.)
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- NeuroMicrobiota Lab, International Research Program (IRP) INSERM, 31000 Toulouse, France
- WELBIO—Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.R.); (N.M.D.)
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (P.D.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Le Roy T, Moens de Hase E, Van Hul M, Paquot A, Pelicaen R, Régnier M, Depommier C, Druart C, Everard A, Maiter D, Delzenne NM, Bindels LB, de Barsy M, Loumaye A, Hermans MP, Thissen JP, Vieira-Silva S, Falony G, Raes J, Muccioli GG, Cani PD. Dysosmobacter welbionis is a newly isolated human commensal bacterium preventing diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in mice. Gut 2022; 71:534-543. [PMID: 34108237 PMCID: PMC8862106 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the abundance and the prevalence of Dysosmobacter welbionis J115T, a novel butyrate-producing bacterium isolated from the human gut both in the general population and in subjects with metabolic syndrome. To study the impact of this bacterium on host metabolism using diet-induced obese and diabetic mice. DESIGN We analysed the presence and abundance of the bacterium in 11 984 subjects using four human cohorts (ie, Human Microbiome Project, American Gut Project, Flemish Gut Flora Project and Microbes4U). Then, we tested the effects of daily oral gavages with live D. welbionis J115T on metabolism and several hallmarks of obesity, diabetes, inflammation and lipid metabolism in obese/diabetic mice. RESULTS This newly identified bacterium was detected in 62.7%-69.8% of the healthy population. Strikingly, in obese humans with a metabolic syndrome, the abundance of Dysosmobacter genus correlates negatively with body mass index, fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin. In mice, supplementation with live D. welbionis J115T, but not with the pasteurised bacteria, partially counteracted diet-induced obesity development, fat mass gain, insulin resistance and white adipose tissue hypertrophy and inflammation. In addition, live D. welbionis J115T administration protected the mice from brown adipose tissue inflammation in association with increased mitochondria number and non-shivering thermogenesis. These effects occurred with minor impact on the mouse intestinal microbiota composition. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that D. welbionis J115T directly and beneficially influences host metabolism and is a strong candidate for the development of next-generation beneficial bacteria targeting obesity and associated metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Le Roy
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emilie Moens de Hase
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rudy Pelicaen
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marion Régnier
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clara Depommier
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Druart
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie de Barsy
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel P Hermans
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. It is characterised by steatosis, liver inflammation, hepatocellular injury and progressive fibrosis. Several preclinical models (dietary and genetic animal models) of NAFLD have deepened our understanding of its aetiology and pathophysiology. Despite the progress made, there are currently no effective treatments for NAFLD. In this review, we will provide an update on the known molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of NAFLD and on ongoing studies of new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Key Words
- ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase
- ASK1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
- CAP, controlled attenuation parameter
- ChREBP
- ChREBP, carbohydrate responsive element–binding protein
- FAS, fatty acid synthase
- FFA, free fatty acid
- FGF21, fibroblast growth factor-21
- FXR
- FXR, farnesoid X receptor
- GGT, gamma glutamyltransferase
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HFD, high-fat diet
- HSC, hepatic stellate cells
- HSL, hormone-sensitive lipase
- HVPG, hepatic venous pressure gradient
- IL-, interleukin-
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- LXR
- LXR, liver X receptor
- MCD, methionine- and choline-deficient
- MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids
- NAFLD
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH
- NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- NEFA
- NEFA, non-esterified fatty acid
- PPARα
- PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α
- PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- PY, persons/years
- Phf2, histone demethylase plant homeodomain finger 2
- RCT, randomised controlled trial
- SCD1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
- SFA, saturated fatty acid
- SREBP-1c
- SREBP-1c, sterol regulatory element–binding protein-1c
- TCA, tricarboxylic acid
- TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4
- TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-α
- VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein
- animal models
- glucotoxicity
- lipotoxicity
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Parlati
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, F- 75014 Paris, France.,Hôpital Cochin, 24, rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, F- 75014 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Suriano F, Vieira-Silva S, Falony G, Roumain M, Paquot A, Pelicaen R, Régnier M, Delzenne NM, Raes J, Muccioli GG, Van Hul M, Cani PD. Novel insights into the genetically obese (ob/ob) and diabetic (db/db) mice: two sides of the same coin. Microbiome 2021; 9:147. [PMID: 34183063 PMCID: PMC8240277 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptin-deficient ob/ob mice and leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice are commonly used mice models mimicking the conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes development. However, although ob/ob and db/db mice are similarly gaining weight and developing massive obesity, db/db mice are more diabetic than ob/ob mice. It remains still unclear why targeting the same pathway-leptin signaling-leads to the development of two different phenotypes. Given that gut microbes dialogue with the host via different metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids) but also contribute to the regulation of bile acids metabolism, we investigated whether inflammatory markers, bacterial components, bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, and gut microbes could contribute to explain the specific phenotype discriminating the onset of an obese and/or a diabetic state in ob/ob and db/db mice. RESULTS Six-week-old ob/ob and db/db mice were followed for 7 weeks; they had comparable body weight, fat mass, and lean mass gain, confirming their severely obese status. However, as expected, the glucose metabolism and the glucose-induced insulin secretion were significantly different between ob/ob and db/db mice. Strikingly, the fat distribution was different, with db/db mice having more subcutaneous and ob/ob mice having more epididymal fat. In addition, liver steatosis was more pronounced in the ob/ob mice than in db/db mice. We also found very distinct inflammatory profiles between ob/ob and db/db mice, with a more pronounced inflammatory tone in the liver for ob/ob mice as compared to a higher inflammatory tone in the (subcutaneous) adipose tissue for db/db mice. When analyzing the gut microbiota composition, we found that the quantity of 19 microbial taxa was in some way affected by the genotype. Furthermore, we also show that serum LPS concentration, hepatic bile acid content, and cecal short-chain fatty acid profiles were differently affected by the two genotypes. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results elucidate potential mechanisms implicated in the development of an obese or a diabetic state in two genetic models characterized by an altered leptin signaling. We propose that these differences could be linked to specific inflammatory tones, serum LPS concentration, bile acid metabolism, short-chain fatty acid profile, and gut microbiota composition. Video abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Suriano
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, VIB Center for Microbiology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, VIB Center for Microbiology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin Roumain
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rudy Pelicaen
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marion Régnier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, VIB Center for Microbiology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Barretto SA, Lasserre F, Huillet M, Régnier M, Polizzi A, Lippi Y, Fougerat A, Person E, Bruel S, Bétoulières C, Naylies C, Lukowicz C, Smati S, Guzylack L, Olier M, Théodorou V, Mselli-Lakhal L, Zalko D, Wahli W, Loiseau N, Gamet-Payrastre L, Guillou H, Ellero-Simatos S. The pregnane X receptor drives sexually dimorphic hepatic changes in lipid and xenobiotic metabolism in response to gut microbiota in mice. Microbiome 2021; 9:93. [PMID: 33879258 PMCID: PMC8059225 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota-intestine-liver relationship is emerging as an important factor in multiple hepatic pathologies, but the hepatic sensors and effectors of microbial signals are not well defined. RESULTS By comparing publicly available liver transcriptomics data from conventional vs. germ-free mice, we identified pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) transcriptional activity as strongly affected by the absence of gut microbes. Microbiota depletion using antibiotics in Pxr+/+ vs Pxr-/- C57BL/6J littermate mice followed by hepatic transcriptomics revealed that most microbiota-sensitive genes were PXR-dependent in the liver in males, but not in females. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that microbiota-PXR interaction controlled fatty acid and xenobiotic metabolism. We confirmed that antibiotic treatment reduced liver triglyceride content and hampered xenobiotic metabolism in the liver from Pxr+/+ but not Pxr-/- male mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify PXR as a hepatic effector of microbiota-derived signals that regulate the host's sexually dimorphic lipid and xenobiotic metabolisms in the liver. Thus, our results reveal a potential new mechanism for unexpected drug-drug or food-drug interactions. Video abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Ann Barretto
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Frederic Lasserre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marine Huillet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Person
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Bruel
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Colette Bétoulières
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Lukowicz
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarra Smati
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Guzylack
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Maïwenn Olier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Vassilia Théodorou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laila Mselli-Lakhal
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Daniel Zalko
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Belot A, Gourbeyre O, Palin A, Rubio A, Largounez A, Besson-Fournier C, Latour C, Lorgouilloux M, Gallitz I, Montagner A, Polizzi A, Régnier M, Smati S, Zhang AS, Diaz-Munoz MD, Steinbicker AU, Guillou H, Roth MP, Coppin H, Meynard D. Endoplasmic reticulum stress controls iron metabolism through TMPRSS6 repression and hepcidin mRNA stabilization by RNA-binding protein HuR. Haematologica 2021; 106:1202-1206. [PMID: 32703788 PMCID: PMC8018110 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.237321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
14
|
Régnier M, Van Hul M, Knauf C, Cani PD. Gut microbiome, endocrine control of gut barrier function and metabolic diseases. J Endocrinol 2021; 248:R67-R82. [PMID: 33295880 DOI: 10.1530/joe-20-0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are associated with several cardiometabolic risk factors, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, low-grade inflammation and liver diseases. The gut microbiota is a potential contributing factor regulating energy balance. However, although the scientific community acknowledges that the gut microbiota composition and its activity (e.g. production of metabolites and immune-related compounds) are different between healthy subjects and subjects with overweight/obesity, the causality remains insufficiently demonstrated. The development of low-grade inflammation and related metabolic disorders has been connected with metabolic endotoxaemia and increased gut permeability. However, the mechanisms acting on the regulation of the gut barrier and eventually cardiometabolic disorders are not fully elucidated. In this review, we debate several characteristics of the gut microbiota, gut barrier function and metabolic outcomes. We examine the role of specific dietary compounds or nutrients (e.g. prebiotics, probiotics, polyphenols, sweeteners, and a fructose-rich diet) as well as different metabolites produced by the microbiota in host metabolism, and we discuss how they control several endocrine functions and eventually have either beneficial or deleterious effects on host health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, WELBIO - Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, WELBIO - Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Claude Knauf
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, INSERM U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), CHU Purpan, Place du Docteur Baylac, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
- European Associated Laboratory (EAL) 'NeuroMicrobiota', Brussels/Toulouse, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, WELBIO - Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
- European Associated Laboratory (EAL) 'NeuroMicrobiota', Brussels/Toulouse, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Régnier M, Rastelli M, Morissette A, Suriano F, Le Roy T, Pilon G, Delzenne NM, Marette A, Van Hul M, Cani PD. Rhubarb Supplementation Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity and Diabetes in Association with Increased Akkermansia muciniphila in Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102932. [PMID: 32987923 PMCID: PMC7601677 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related disorders, such as type 2 diabetes have been progressively increasing worldwide and treatments have failed to counteract their progression. Growing evidence have demonstrated that gut microbiota is associated with the incidence of these pathologies. Hence, the identification of new nutritional compounds, able to improve health through a modulation of gut microbiota, is gaining interest. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the gut-driving effects of rhubarb extract in a context of diet-induced obesity and diabetes. Eight weeks old C57BL6/J male mice were fed a control diet (CTRL), a high fat and high sucrose diet (HFHS) or a HFHS diet supplemented with 0.3% (g/g) of rhubarb extract for eight weeks. Rhubarb supplementation fully prevented HFHS-induced obesity, diabetes, visceral adiposity, adipose tissue inflammation and liver triglyceride accumulation, without any modification in food intake. By combining sequencing and qPCR methods, we found that all these effects were associated with a blooming of Akkermansia muciniphila, which is strongly correlated with increased expression of Reg3γ in the colon. Our data showed that rhubarb supplementation is sufficient to protect against metabolic disorders induced by a diet rich in lipid and carbohydrates in association with a reciprocal interaction between Akkermansia muciniphila and Reg3γ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (M.R.); (M.R.); (F.S.); (T.L.R.); (N.M.D.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Marialetizia Rastelli
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (M.R.); (M.R.); (F.S.); (T.L.R.); (N.M.D.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Arianne Morissette
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.M.); (G.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Francesco Suriano
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (M.R.); (M.R.); (F.S.); (T.L.R.); (N.M.D.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Tiphaine Le Roy
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (M.R.); (M.R.); (F.S.); (T.L.R.); (N.M.D.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.M.); (G.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (M.R.); (M.R.); (F.S.); (T.L.R.); (N.M.D.); (M.V.H.)
| | - André Marette
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.M.); (G.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (M.R.); (M.R.); (F.S.); (T.L.R.); (N.M.D.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (M.R.); (M.R.); (F.S.); (T.L.R.); (N.M.D.); (M.V.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-(0)2-764-73-97
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rastelli M, Van Hul M, Terrasi R, Lefort C, Régnier M, Beiroa D, Delzenne NM, Everard A, Nogueiras R, Luquet S, Muccioli GG, Cani PD. Intestinal NAPE-PLD contributes to short-term regulation of food intake via gut-to-brain axis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E647-E657. [PMID: 32776827 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00146.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to explore the physiological role of the intestinal endocannabinoids in the regulation of appetite upon short-term exposure to high-fat-diet (HFD) and understand the mechanisms responsible for aberrant gut-brain signaling leading to hyperphagia in mice lacking Napepld in the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). We generated a murine model harboring an inducible NAPE-PLD deletion in IECs (NapepldΔIEC). After an overnight fast, we exposed wild-type (WT) and NapepldΔIEC mice to different forms of lipid challenge (HFD or gavage), and we compared the modification occurring in the hypothalamus, in the vagus nerve, and at endocrine level 30 and 60 min after the stimulation. NapepldΔIEC mice displayed lower hypothalamic levels of N-oleoylethanolamine (OEA) in response to HFD. Lower mRNA expression of anorexigenic Pomc occurred in the hypothalamus of NapepldΔIEC mice after lipid challenge. This early hypothalamic alteration was not the consequence of impaired vagal signaling in NapepldΔIEC mice. Following lipid administration, WT and NapepldΔIEC mice had similar portal levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and similar rates of GLP-1 inactivation. Administration of exendin-4, a full agonist of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), prevented the hyperphagia of NapepldΔIEC mice upon HFD. We conclude that in response to lipid, NapepldΔIEC mice displayed reduced OEA in brain and intestine, suggesting an impairment of the gut-brain axis in this model. We speculated that decreased levels of OEA likely contributes to reduce GLP-1R activation, explaining the observed hyperphagia in this model. Altogether, we elucidated novel physiological mechanisms regarding the gut-brain axis by which intestinal NAPE-PLD regulates appetite rapidly after lipid exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marialetizia Rastelli
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Romano Terrasi
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Lefort
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Marion Régnier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Daniel Beiroa
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Serge Luquet
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Régnier M, Polizzi A, Smati S, Lukowicz C, Fougerat A, Lippi Y, Fouché E, Lasserre F, Naylies C, Bétoulières C, Barquissau V, Mouisel E, Bertrand-Michel J, Batut A, Saati TA, Canlet C, Tremblay-Franco M, Ellero-Simatos S, Langin D, Postic C, Wahli W, Loiseau N, Guillou H, Montagner A. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of Pparα promotes NAFLD in the context of obesity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6489. [PMID: 32300166 PMCID: PMC7162950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) acts as a fatty acid sensor to orchestrate the transcription of genes coding for rate-limiting enzymes required for lipid oxidation in hepatocytes. Mice only lacking Pparα in hepatocytes spontaneously develop steatosis without obesity in aging. Steatosis can develop into non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may progress to irreversible damage, such as fibrosis and hepatocarcinoma. While NASH appears as a major public health concern worldwide, it remains an unmet medical need. In the current study, we investigated the role of hepatocyte PPARα in a preclinical model of steatosis. For this, we used High Fat Diet (HFD) feeding as a model of obesity in C57BL/6 J male Wild-Type mice (WT), in whole-body Pparα- deficient mice (Pparα−/−) and in mice lacking Pparα only in hepatocytes (Pparαhep−/−). We provide evidence that Pparα deletion in hepatocytes promotes NAFLD and liver inflammation in mice fed a HFD. This enhanced NAFLD susceptibility occurs without development of glucose intolerance. Moreover, our data reveal that non-hepatocytic PPARα activity predominantly contributes to the metabolic response to HFD. Taken together, our data support hepatocyte PPARα as being essential to the prevention of NAFLD and that extra-hepatocyte PPARα activity contributes to whole-body lipid homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarra Smati
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Lukowicz
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Edwin Fouché
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Colette Bétoulières
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Valentin Barquissau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne Mouisel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Metatoul-Lipidomic Facility, MetaboHUB, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Batut
- Metatoul-Lipidomic Facility, MetaboHUB, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Talal Al Saati
- Service d'Histopathologie Expérimentale Unité INSERM/UPS/ENVT-US006/CREFRE Inserm, CHU Purpan, 31024, Toulouse, cedex 3, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Tremblay-Franco
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Dominique Langin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.,Toulouse University Hospitals, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Nanyang, Singapore.,Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Le Génopode, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France.
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lukowicz C, Ellero-Simatos S, Régnier M, Oliviero F, Lasserre F, Polizzi A, Montagner A, Smati S, Boudou F, Lenfant F, Guzylack-Pirou L, Menard S, Barretto S, Fougerat A, Lippi Y, Naylies C, Bertrand-Michel J, Belgnaoui AA, Theodorou V, Marchi N, Gourdy P, Gamet-Payrastre L, Loiseau N, Guillou H, Mselli-Lakhal L. Author Correction: Dimorphic metabolic and endocrine disorders in mice lacking the constitutive androstane receptor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4256. [PMID: 32123278 PMCID: PMC7051968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Lukowicz
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabiana Oliviero
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarra Smati
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Boudou
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Guzylack-Pirou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Menard
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Sharon Barretto
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Metatoul-Lipidomic Facility, MetaboHUB, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Afifa Ait Belgnaoui
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Vassilia Theodorou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicola Marchi
- Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Glia Research, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Functional Genomics (UMR 5203 CNRS - U 1191 INSERM, University of Montpellier), Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Laïla Mselli-Lakhal
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Barretto SA, Lasserre F, Fougerat A, Smith L, Fougeray T, Lukowicz C, Polizzi A, Smati S, Régnier M, Naylies C, Bétoulières C, Lippi Y, Guillou H, Loiseau N, Gamet-Payrastre L, Mselli-Lakhal L, Ellero-Simatos S. Gene Expression Profiling Reveals that PXR Activation Inhibits Hepatic PPARα Activity and Decreases FGF21 Secretion in Male C57Bl6/J Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153767. [PMID: 31374856 PMCID: PMC6696478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is the main nuclear receptor regulating the expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and is highly expressed in the liver and intestine. Recent studies have highlighted its additional role in lipid homeostasis, however, the mechanisms of these regulations are not fully elucidated. We investigated the transcriptomic signature of PXR activation in the liver of adult wild-type vs. Pxr-/- C57Bl6/J male mice treated with the rodent specific ligand pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN). PXR activation increased liver triglyceride accumulation and significantly regulated the expression of 1215 genes, mostly xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. Among the down-regulated genes, we identified a strong peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) signature. Comparison of this signature with a list of fasting-induced PPARα target genes confirmed that PXR activation decreased the expression of more than 25 PPARα target genes, among which was the hepatokine fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21). PXR activation abolished plasmatic levels of FGF21. We provide a comprehensive signature of PXR activation in the liver and identify new PXR target genes that might be involved in the steatogenic effect of PXR. Moreover, we show that PXR activation down-regulates hepatic PPARα activity and FGF21 circulation, which could participate in the pleiotropic role of PXR in energy homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Ann Barretto
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Lorraine Smith
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Tiffany Fougeray
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Céline Lukowicz
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Sarra Smati
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Colette Bétoulières
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Laila Mselli-Lakhal
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 Toxalim, F31-027 Toulouse CEDEX 3, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Smati S, Régnier M, Fougeray T, Polizzi A, Fougerat A, Lasserre F, Lukowicz C, Tramunt B, Guillaume M, Burnol AF, Postic C, Wahli W, Montagner A, Gourdy P, Guillou H. Regulation of hepatokine gene expression in response to fasting and feeding: Influence of PPAR-α and insulin-dependent signalling in hepatocytes. Diabetes Metab 2019; 46:129-136. [PMID: 31163275 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM In hepatocytes, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and insulin receptor (IR) are critical for transcriptional responses to fasting and feeding, respectively. The present report analyzes the effects of nutritional status (fasting vs feeding) on the expression of a large panel of hepatokines in hepatocyte-specific PPAR-α (Pparαhep-/-) and IR (IRhep-/-) null mice. METHODS Pparαhep-/- and IRhep-/- mice, and their wild-type littermates, were subjected to fasting or feeding metabolic challenges, then analyzed for hepatokine gene expression. Experiments were conducted in mice of both genders. RESULTS Our data confirmed that PPAR-α is essential for regulating fasting-induced Fgf21 and Angptl4 expression. In mice lacking PPAR-α, fasting led to increased Igfbp1 and Gdf15 gene expression. In the absence of hepatic IR, feeding induced overexpression of Igfbp1, follistatin (Fst) and adropin (Enho), and reduced activin E (Inhbe) expression. Gender had only a modest influence on hepatokine gene expression in the liver. CONCLUSION The present results highlight the potential roles of hepatokines as a class of hormones that substantially influence nutritional regulation in both female and male mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Smati
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France; UMR 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - M Régnier
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France
| | - T Fougeray
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France
| | - A Polizzi
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France
| | - A Fougerat
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France
| | - F Lasserre
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France
| | - C Lukowicz
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France
| | - B Tramunt
- UMR 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - M Guillaume
- UMR 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - A-F Burnol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1016), Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - C Postic
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1016), Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - W Wahli
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232 Singapore, Singapore; Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Le Génopode, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Montagner
- UMR 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - P Gourdy
- UMR 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), 31000 Toulouse, France; Diabetology Department, CHU de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - H Guillou
- UMR 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 180, chemin de Tournefeuille, 1331 Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rakhmetullina AK, Régnier M, Ivashchenko AT. The characteristics of miRNA binding sites with mRNA of MYB plant transcription factors. Int j biol chem 2019. [DOI: 10.26577/ijbch-2019-1-i14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
22
|
Régnier M, Polizzi A, Lukowicz C, Smati S, Lasserre F, Lippi Y, Naylies C, Laffitte J, Bétoulières C, Montagner A, Ducheix S, Gourbeyre P, Ellero-Simatos S, Menard S, Bertrand-Michel J, Al Saati T, Lobaccaro JM, Burger HM, Gelderblom WC, Guillou H, Oswald IP, Loiseau N. The protective role of liver X receptor (LXR) during fumonisin B1-induced hepatotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2018; 93:505-517. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
23
|
Montagner A, Iroz A, Benhamed F, Polizzi A, Anthony E, Régnier M, Lukowicz C, Fouché E, Lippi Y, Wahli W, Postic C, Guillou H. Rôle de PPARα hépatocytaire dans le contrôle central de la préférence au sucre par FGF21. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Smati S, Polizzi A, Marrot A, Régnier M, Lukowicz C, Lasserre F, Saati T, Montagner A, Gourdy P, Guillou H. Influence du genre dans la sensibilité à la stéatose et de la stéato-hépatite non alcoolique. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
25
|
Régnier M, Polizzi A, Lippi Y, Fouché E, Michel G, Lukowicz C, Smati S, Marrot A, Lasserre F, Naylies C, Batut A, Viars F, Bertrand-Michel J, Postic C, Loiseau N, Wahli W, Guillou H, Montagner A. Insights into the role of hepatocyte PPARα activity in response to fasting. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 471:75-88. [PMID: 28774777 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The liver plays a central role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism. Hepatocytes are highly sensitive to nutrients and hormones that drive extensive transcriptional responses. Nuclear hormone receptors are key transcription factors involved in this process. Among these factors, PPARα is a critical regulator of hepatic lipid catabolism during fasting. This study aimed to analyse the wide array of hepatic PPARα-dependent transcriptional responses during fasting. We compared gene expression in male mice with a hepatocyte specific deletion of PPARα and their wild-type littermates in the fed (ad libitum) and 24-h fasted states. Liver samples were acquired, and transcriptome and lipidome analyses were performed. Our data extended and confirmed the critical role of hepatocyte PPARα as a central for regulator of gene expression during starvation. Interestingly, we identified novel PPARα-sensitive genes, including Cxcl-10, Rab30, and Krt23. We also found that liver phospholipid remodelling was a novel fasting-sensitive pathway regulated by PPARα. These results may contribute to investigations on transcriptional control in hepatic physiology and underscore the clinical relevance of drugs that target PPARα in liver pathologies, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Edwin Fouché
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Géraldine Michel
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Lukowicz
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarra Smati
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France; Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Marrot
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Batut
- Metatoul-Lipidomic Facility, MetaboHUB, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Fanny Viars
- Metatoul-Lipidomic Facility, MetaboHUB, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Metatoul-Lipidomic Facility, MetaboHUB, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore; Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1331 ToxAlim, Toulouse, France; Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involves a panel of pathologies starting with hepatic steatosis and continuing to irreversible and serious conditions like steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocarcinoma. NAFLD is multifactorial in origin and corresponds to abnormal fat deposition in liver. Even if triglycerides are mostly associated with these pathologies, other lipid moieties seem to be involved in the development and severity of NAFLD. That is the case with sphingolipids and more particularly ceramides. In this review, we explore the relationship between NAFLD and sphingolipid metabolism. After providing an analysis of complex sphingolipid metabolism, we focus on the potential involvement of sphingolipids in the different pathologies associated with NAFLD. An unbalanced ratio between ceramides and terminal metabolic products in the liver and plasma promotes weight gain, inflammation, and insulin resistance. In the etiology of NAFLD, some sphingolipid species such as ceramides may be potential biomarkers for NAFLD. We review the clinical relevance of sphingolipids in liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027 Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Iroz A, Montagner A, Benhamed F, Levavasseur F, Polizzi A, Anthony E, Régnier M, Fouché E, Lukowicz C, Cauzac M, Tournier E, Do-Cruzeiro M, Daujat-Chavanieu M, Gerbal-Chalouin S, Fauveau V, Marmier S, Burnol AF, Guilmeau S, Lippi Y, Girard J, Wahli W, Dentin R, Guillou H, Postic C. A Specific ChREBP and PPARα Cross-Talk Is Required for the Glucose-Mediated FGF21 Response. Cell Rep 2018; 21:403-416. [PMID: 29020627 PMCID: PMC5643524 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
While the physiological benefits of the fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) hepatokine are documented in response to fasting, little information is available on Fgf21 regulation in a glucose-overload context. We report that peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), a nuclear receptor of the fasting response, is required with the carbohydrate-sensitive transcription factor carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) to balance FGF21 glucose response. Microarray analysis indicated that only a few hepatic genes respond to fasting and glucose similarly to Fgf21. Glucose-challenged Chrebp−/− mice exhibit a marked reduction in FGF21 production, a decrease that was rescued by re-expression of an active ChREBP isoform in the liver of Chrebp−/− mice. Unexpectedly, carbohydrate challenge of hepatic Pparα knockout mice also demonstrated a PPARα-dependent glucose response for Fgf21 that was associated with an increased sucrose preference. This blunted response was due to decreased Fgf21 promoter accessibility and diminished ChREBP binding onto Fgf21 carbohydrate-responsive element (ChoRE) in hepatocytes lacking PPARα. Our study reports that PPARα is required for the ChREBP-induced glucose response of FGF21. Fgf21 is a unique hepatic gene inducible by both catabolic and anabolic signals The ChREBP-mediated induction of Fgf21 in hepatocytes requires PPARα Loss of PPARα impairs Fgf21 promoter accessibility at the ChoRE PPARα is required for the control of sucrose preference in vivo
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Iroz
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Françoise Levavasseur
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Elodie Anthony
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Edwin Fouché
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Céline Lukowicz
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Michèle Cauzac
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Emilie Tournier
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Marcio Do-Cruzeiro
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Martine Daujat-Chavanieu
- INSERM, U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UMR 1183, Montpellier, France; CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
| | - Sabine Gerbal-Chalouin
- INSERM, U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UMR 1183, Montpellier, France; CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Fauveau
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Solenne Marmier
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Anne-Françoise Burnol
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Sandra Guilmeau
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Jean Girard
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Renaud Dentin
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France.
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France.
| | - Catherine Postic
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lukowicz C, Ellero-Simatos S, Régnier M, Polizzi A, Lasserre F, Montagner A, Lippi Y, Jamin EL, Martin JF, Naylies C, Canlet C, Debrauwer L, Bertrand-Michel J, Al Saati T, Théodorou V, Loiseau N, Mselli-Lakhal L, Guillou H, Gamet-Payrastre L. Metabolic Effects of a Chronic Dietary Exposure to a Low-Dose Pesticide Cocktail in Mice: Sexual Dimorphism and Role of the Constitutive Androstane Receptor. Environ Health Perspect 2018; 126:067007. [PMID: 29950287 PMCID: PMC6084886 DOI: 10.1289/ehp2877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence suggests a link between pesticide exposure and the development of metabolic diseases. However, most experimental studies have evaluated the metabolic effects of pesticides using individual molecules, often at nonrelevant doses or in combination with other risk factors such as high-fat diets. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate, in mice, the metabolic consequences of chronic dietary exposure to a pesticide mixture at nontoxic doses, relevant to consumers' risk assessment. METHODS A mixture of six pesticides commonly used in France, i.e., boscalid, captan, chlorpyrifos, thiofanate, thiacloprid, and ziram, was incorporated in a standard chow at doses exposing mice to the tolerable daily intake (TDI) of each pesticide. Wild-type (WT) and constitutive androstane receptor-deficient (CAR-/-) male and female mice were exposed for 52 wk. We assessed metabolic parameters [body weight (BW), food and water consumption, glucose tolerance, urinary metabolome] throughout the experiment. At the end of the experiment, we evaluated liver metabolism (histology, transcriptomics, metabolomics, lipidomics) and pesticide detoxification using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). RESULTS Compared to those fed control chow, WT male mice fed pesticide chow had greater BW gain and more adiposity. Moreover, these WT males fed pesticide chow exhibited characteristics of hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance, which were not observed in those fed control chow. WT exposed female mice exhibited fasting hyperglycemia, higher reduced glutathione (GSH):oxidized glutathione (GSSG) liver ratio and perturbations of gut microbiota-related urinary metabolites compared to WT mice fed control chow. When we performed these experiments on CAR-/- mice, pesticide-exposed CAR-/- males did not exhibit BW gain or changes in glucose metabolism compared to the CAR-/- males fed control chow. Moreover, CAR-/- females fed pesticide chow exhibited pesticide toxicity with higher BWs and mortality rate compared to the CAR-/- females fed control chow. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, we are the first to demonstrate a sexually dimorphic obesogenic and diabetogenic effect of chronic dietary exposure to a common mixture of pesticides at TDI levels, and to provide evidence for a partial role for CAR in an in vivo mouse model. This raises questions about the relevance of TDI for individual pesticides when present in a mixture. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2877.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Lukowicz
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Emilien L Jamin
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Axiom Platform, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Martin
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Axiom Platform, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Debrauwer
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Axiom Platform, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Plateforme Lipidomique Inserm/UPS UMR 1048 - I2MC Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Talal Al Saati
- Service d’histopathologie Expérimentale Unité Inserm/UPS/ENVT -US006/CREFRE Inserm, Bât. F, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Vassilia Théodorou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Laïla Mselli-Lakhal
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Akimniyazova A, Régnier M, Atambayeva S, Niyazova R, Ivashchenko A. Characteristics of miRNA interaction with mRNA of candidate genes of small intestinal cancer. IJBCh 2018. [DOI: 10.26577/ijbch-2018-2-340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
30
|
Régnier M, Gourbeyre P, Pinton P, Napper S, Laffite J, Cossalter AM, Bailly JD, Lippi Y, Bertrand-Michel J, Bracarense APFRL, Guillou H, Loiseau N, Oswald IP. Identification of Signaling Pathways Targeted by the Food Contaminant FB1: Transcriptome and Kinome Analysis of Samples from Pig Liver and Intestine. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28875582 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species. In mammals, this toxin causes widespread organ-specific damage; it promotes hepatotoxicity, is immunotoxic, alters intestinal functions etc. Despite its inhibitory effect on de novo ceramide synthesis, its molecular mechanism of action and toxicity is not totally elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS To explore the mechanism of FB1 toxicity, we analyzed the transcriptome and the kinome of two organs targeted by FB1: the liver and the jejunum. Pigs were fed for 4 weeks a control diet or a FB1-contaminated diet (10 mg/kg). As expected, FB1-exposed pigs gained less weight and displayed a higher sphinganine/sphingosine ratio. Comparison of the transcriptomes and the kinomes of treated versus control pigs showed striking differences. Among the disrupted pathways in liver and jejunum, we highlight Protein Kinase B (AKT) / Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) at the intersection of the FB1-modulated pathways. CONCLUSION Most of the effects of FB1 are mediated by the regulation of ceramide level, which influences protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. This pathway might be a new target to counteract toxic effect of Fumonisin B1, which is one of the most spread food contaminant in the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Gourbeyre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Pinton
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Scott Napper
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Center, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Joëlle Laffite
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne-Marie Cossalter
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Denis Bailly
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- MetaToul-Lipidomic Facility-MetaboHUB, INSERM UMR1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Ana Paula F R L Bracarense
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Montagner A, Michel G, Fouché E, Régnier M, Polizzi A, Lukowicz C, Amiel A, Lasserre F, Naylies C, Canlet C, Tremblay-Franco M, Debrauwer L, Lippi Y, Wahli W, Guillou H. PPARβ hépatocytaire est un senseur circadien des acides gras alimentaires. NUTR CLIN METAB 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
32
|
Ducheix S, Montagner A, Polizzi A, Lasserre F, Régnier M, Marmugi A, Benhamed F, Bertrand-Michel J, Mselli-Lakhal L, Loiseau N, Martin PG, Lobaccaro JM, Ferrier L, Postic C, Guillou H. Dietary oleic acid regulates hepatic lipogenesis through a liver X receptor-dependent signaling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181393. [PMID: 28732092 PMCID: PMC5521785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive oil consumption is beneficial for health as it is associated with a decreased prevalence of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Oleic acid is, by far, the most abundant component of olive oil. Since it can be made through de novo synthesis in animals, it is not an essential fatty acid. While it has become clear that dietary oleic acid regulates many biological processes, the signaling pathway involved in these regulations remains poorly defined. In this work we tested the impact of an oleic acid-rich diet on hepatic gene expression. We were particularly interested in addressing the contribution of Liver X Receptors (LXR) in the control of genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis, an essential process in whole body energy homeostasis. We used wild-type mice and transgenic mice deficient for both α and β Liver X Receptor isoforms (LXR-/-) fed a control or an oleate enriched diet. We observed that hepatic-lipid accumulation was enhanced as well as the expression of lipogenic genes in the liver of wild-type mice fed the oleate enriched diet. In contrast, none of these changes occurred in the liver of LXR-/- mice. Strikingly, oleate-rich diet reduced cholesterolemia in wild-type mice and induced signs of liver inflammation and damage in LXR-/- mice but not in wild-type mice. This work suggests that dietary oleic acid reduces cholesterolemia while promoting LXR-dependent hepatic lipogenesis without detrimental effects to the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ducheix
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Alice Marmugi
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
| | | | - Laila Mselli-Lakhal
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal G Martin
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lobaccaro
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Génétique Reproduction et Développement, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Aubière, France.,INSERM, U1103, GReD, Aubière, France.,Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurent Ferrier
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- INRA, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, ToxAlim, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Montagner A, Polizzi A, Fouché E, Ducheix S, Lippi Y, Lasserre F, Barquissau V, Régnier M, Lukowicz C, Benhamed F, Iroz A, Bertrand-Michel J, Al Saati T, Cano P, Mselli-Lakhal L, Mithieux G, Rajas F, Lagarrigue S, Pineau T, Loiseau N, Postic C, Langin D, Wahli W, Guillou H. Liver PPARα is crucial for whole-body fatty acid homeostasis and is protective against NAFLD. Gut 2016; 65:1202-14. [PMID: 26838599 PMCID: PMC4941147 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a nuclear receptor expressed in tissues with high oxidative activity that plays a central role in metabolism. In this work, we investigated the effect of hepatocyte PPARα on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). DESIGN We constructed a novel hepatocyte-specific PPARα knockout (Pparα(hep-/-)) mouse model. Using this novel model, we performed transcriptomic analysis following fenofibrate treatment. Next, we investigated which physiological challenges impact on PPARα. Moreover, we measured the contribution of hepatocytic PPARα activity to whole-body metabolism and fibroblast growth factor 21 production during fasting. Finally, we determined the influence of hepatocyte-specific PPARα deficiency in different models of steatosis and during ageing. RESULTS Hepatocyte PPARα deletion impaired fatty acid catabolism, resulting in hepatic lipid accumulation during fasting and in two preclinical models of steatosis. Fasting mice showed acute PPARα-dependent hepatocyte activity during early night, with correspondingly increased circulating free fatty acids, which could be further stimulated by adipocyte lipolysis. Fasting led to mild hypoglycaemia and hypothermia in Pparα(hep-/-) mice when compared with Pparα(-/-) mice implying a role of PPARα activity in non-hepatic tissues. In agreement with this observation, Pparα(-/-) mice became overweight during ageing while Pparα(hep-/-) remained lean. However, like Pparα(-/-) mice, Pparα(hep-/-) fed a standard diet developed hepatic steatosis in ageing. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these findings underscore the potential of hepatocyte PPARα as a drug target for NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Edwin Fouché
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Ducheix
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Valentin Barquissau
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Lukowicz
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alison Iroz
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, France
| | - Talal Al Saati
- INSERM/UPS-US006/CREFRE, Service d'Histopathologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Patricia Cano
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Sandrine Lagarrigue
- INRA UMR1348 Pegase, Saint-Gilles, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 Pegase, Rennes, France
- Université Européenne de Bretagne, France
| | - Thierry Pineau
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Langin
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, France
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Toulouse University Hospitals, Toulouse, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hervé Guillou
- INRA UMR1331, ToxAlim, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Berillo O, Régnier M, Ivashchenko A. Binding of intronic miRNAs to the mRNAs of host genes encoding intronic miRNAs and proteins that participate in tumourigenesis. Comput Biol Med 2013; 43:1374-81. [PMID: 24034728 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined 615 host genes encoding 915 in-miRNAs as possible targets for interactions with all in-miRNAs. Host genes whose proteins are involved in esophageal, gastric, small bowel, colorectal, and breast cancer development were studied. Unique in-miRNA binding sites with a significance of p<0.0005 were found in the 5'UTRs, CDSs, and 3'UTRs of the host genes encoding proteins that are key participants in tumourigenesis. These data shed light on the interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs and on the role of candidate proteins in cancer. Therefore, our findings have potential application in the development of diagnostic and treatment methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Berillo
- National nanotechnology laboratory, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Facy V, Flouret V, Régnier M, Schmidt R. Reactivity of Langerhans cells in human reconstructed epidermis to known allergens and UV radiation. Toxicol In Vitro 2005; 19:787-95. [PMID: 15921883 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2004] [Revised: 02/25/2005] [Accepted: 03/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal Langerhans cells are the outmost guards of our immune defence system. These cells are directly involved in phenomena such as contact hypersensitivity and UV-induced immunosuppression. Some years ago we succeeded in introducing CD34(+)-derived Langerhans cells into a reconstructed human epidermis. Here we describe their reactivity after topical exposure of the reconstructed epidermis to known allergens, allergen-inducible cytokines, irritants and UV irradiation. Exposure to allergens for 24 h resulted in an activated appearance of the Langerhans cells and in some cases a decrease in their number. Concomitantly, IL-1beta and CD86 mRNA over-expressions were detected in the reconstructed epidermis. A topical treatment with TNF-alpha or IL-1beta revealed that both cytokines induced an activated appearance of the Langerhans cells as early as 4 h following application. Irritants had no effect on the integrated Langerhans cells. Exposure of the reconstructed epidermis to Solar Simulated Radiation caused a dramatic decrease in the number of Langerhans cells and a loss of dendricity in the remaining cells 24 h after irradiation. The topical application of a large spectrum UVA/B filter before irradiation prevented these UV-induced alterations. In our hands, this model provides a promising tool to evaluate the sensitization potential of new compounds and to validate the efficacy of sunscreens to prevent UV-induced immunosuppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Facy
- L'OREAL Recherche, Centre Charles Zviak, 90 rue du Général Roguet, 92583 Clichy Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Méhul B, Asselineau D, Bernard D, Leclaire J, Régnier M, Schmidt R, Bernerd F. Gene expression profiles of three different models of reconstructed human epidermis and classical cultures of keratinocytes using cDNA arrays. Arch Dermatol Res 2004; 296:145-56. [PMID: 15338239 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-004-0491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The gene expression profiles of three different models of reconstructed human epidermis were analyzed in a comparative study using cDNA array technology. The study also included normal human subconfluent keratinocytes cultured on plastic. Arrays were custom-made and comprised 504 known genes related to cutaneous biology. The gene expression profiles of the three reconstructed epidermis models shared 86% similarity; only 22 of the 504 examined genes showed a different expression level. A comparison of the 3D models with keratinocyte cultures on plastic dishes revealed a set of six genes with a considerably higher expression in the 3D models. These genes were keratin 1, corneodesmosin, filaggrin, loricrin, calmodulin-like skin protein and caspase 14, all related to keratinocyte terminal differentiation. The reported data may contribute to a better understanding and characterization of reconstructed epidermal models and may also serve as established references for investigations related to epidermal differentiation and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Méhul
- L'Oréal, Centre Charles Zviak, 90 rue du Général Roguet, 92583 Clichy, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Duval C, Régnier M, Schmidt R. Distinct melanogenic response of human melanocytes in mono-culture, in co-culture with keratinocytes and in reconstructed epidermis, to UV exposure. Pigment Cell Res 2001; 14:348-55. [PMID: 11601656 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0749.2001.140506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Striking differences are observed in the melanogenic response of normal human melanocytes to UVA and UVB irradiation depending on culture conditions and the presence of keratinocytes. Exposure of melanocytes co-cultured with keratinocytes to UVB irradiation triggered, already at low doses (5 mJ/cm2), an increase in melanin synthesis whereas in melanocyte mono-cultures, UVB doses up to 50 mJ/cm2 had no melanogenic effect. Unlike UVB, UVA exposure caused the same melanogenic response in both mono- and co-cultures. Removing certain keratinocyte growth factors from the co-culture medium abolished the melanogenic response to UVB, but not to UVA exposure. When integrated into the basal layer of a reconstructed human epidermis, human melanocytes similarly reacted to UVA and UVB irradiation as in vivo by increasing their production and transfer of melanin to the neighboring keratinocytes which resulted in a noticeable tanning of the reconstructed epidermis. The presence of a dense stratum corneum, known to scatter and absorb UV light, is responsible for higher minimal UVB and UVA doses required to trigger a melanogenic response in the reconstructed epidermis compared to keratinocyte-melanocyte co-cultures. Furthermore, an immediate tanning response was observed in the pigmented epidermis following UVA irradiation. From these results we conclude that: (i) keratinocytes play an important role in mediating UVB-induced pigmentation, (ii) UVA-induced pigmentation is the result of a rather direct effect on melanocytes and (iii) reconstructed pigmented epidermis is the most appropriate model to study UV-induced pigmentation in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Duval
- Life Sciences Research, L'Oreal, Centre Charles Zviak, Clichy, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Régnier M, Duval C, Galey JB, Philippe M, Lagrange A, Tuloup R, Schmidt R. Keratinocyte-melanocyte co-cultures and pigmented reconstructed human epidermis: models to study modulation of melanogenesis. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 1999; 45:969-80. [PMID: 10644001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Normal human melanocytes were amplified and cultured in a new defined culture medium without phorbol esters or cholera toxin. The medium decreased considerably the doubling time and increased the possible passage number. Melanocytes were co-seeded with normal human keratinocytes into 24 well culture dishes to screen potentially active modulators of melanogenesis. For the assay, the co-cultures were exposed to the compounds under investigation in the presence of 14C-thiouracil and 3H-leucine. Control cultures contain L-tyrosine or kojic acid, modulators which served as internal calibration standards. Changes in the rate of melanin synthesis were measured on the basis of 14C-thiouracil incorporation into newly synthesized melanin. A reduction or increase in 3H-leucine incorporation was taken as an indication of cytotoxicity or induction of proliferation, respectively. The NHK-NHM co-culture screening assay provides a useful tool to compare the activity of known modulators of melanogenesis and to perform structure-activity studies with newly identified modulators to improve their activity. The efficacy of particularly interesting new compounds was further evaluated on reconstructed pigmented epidermis after repeated topical application. The same model was used to assess the anti-pigmenting effect of sunscreens on UV-induced pigmentation. Integration of melanocytes from different ethnic origin resulted in pigmented epidermis reflecting different skin phenotypes, Caucasian, Asian and African.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Régnier
- L'Oréal, Life Sciences Research, Centre Charles Zviak, Clichy, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Régnier M, Patwardhan A, Scheynius A, Schmidt R. Reconstructed human epidermis composed of keratinocytes, melanocytes and Langerhans cells. Med Biol Eng Comput 1998; 36:821-4. [PMID: 10367476 DOI: 10.1007/bf02518889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their basic biological interest, models of reconstructed epidermis provide useful tools for in vitro assessment of the toxicology and efficacy of new chemicals and drugs. The fact that the majority of these in vitro models are composed only of keratinocytes has excluded their use in the fields of skin pigmentation and immunology. After the successful introduction of functional melanocytes into the epidermal reconstruct, the integration of Langerhans cells remains an important challenge, particularly since after isolation of Langerhans cells from human epidermis, these cells cannot be subcultured and do not integrate into the reconstructing epidermis. The authors show that cord blood derived and CD34+ progenitors isolated from the peripheral blood give rise to residential Langerhans cells when co-seeded with normal human keratinocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Régnier
- Life Science Research Centre Charles Zviak, L'Oréal, Clichy, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The majority of in vitro reconstructed human epidermis is composed of keratinocytes only. Recently, the introduction of melanocytes into epidermal reconstructs has enlarged their field of application. The completion of reconstructed epidermis by introducing Langerhans cells remained an important challenge because Langerhans cells, unlike the other epidermal cell types, cannot be subcultured and expanded. To solve this problem, we used cord blood-derived CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors. Seeding these cells, after induction of their differentiation by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, onto a reconstructing epidermis, composed of keratinocytes and melanocytes, gives rise to a pigmented epidermis with melanocytes in the basal layer and resident epidermal Langerhans cells located suprabasally. Interestingly, the same result was obtained by co-seeding a mixture of keratinocytes, melanocytes, and nondifferentiated CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors on the dermal equivalent, indicating that keratinocytes provide the environmental conditions for hematopoietic progenitors to differentiate into resident epidermal Langerhans cells, expressing major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, CD1a antigen, and Birbeck granules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Régnier
- Life Science Research, Centre Charles Zviak, L'Oréal, Clichy, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Higounenc I, Démarchez M, Régnier M, Schmidt R, Ponec M, Shroot B. Improvement of epidermal differentiation and barrier function in reconstructed human skin after grafting onto athymic nude mice. Arch Dermatol Res 1994; 286:107-14. [PMID: 8154923 DOI: 10.1007/bf00370736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
To determine whether epidermis reconstructed in vitro at the air-liquid interface on de-epidermized dermis has the capacity to normalize the expression of differentiation-specific markers, its lipid composition and stratum corneum barrier properties, human skin equivalents were transplanted onto athymic nude mice and investigated at different stages ranging from 1 to 4 months after grafting. Indirect immunofluorescence with species- or non-species-specific antibodies revealed that as early as 1 month after transplantation keratinization, and involucrin, loricrin and transglutaminase patterns were normalized. Human melanocytes were observed in the basal layer of the pigmented graft. As revealed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography and transmission electron microscopy after ruthenium tetroxide fixation, the lipid profile and the intracellular lamellar organization were similar to those found in natural epidermis. Transepidermal water loss measurements and penetration studies showed that the barrier properties of the reconstructed epidermis after transplantation were comparable to those of normal human skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Higounenc
- Center International de Recherches Dermatologiques Galderma, Valbonne, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Egelrud T, Régnier M, Sondell B, Shroot B, Schmidt R. Expression of stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme in reconstructed human epidermis and its suppression by retinoic acid. Acta Derm Venereol 1993; 73:181-4. [PMID: 8105613 DOI: 10.2340/0001555573181184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (SCCE) in human epidermis reconstructed in vitro on dead de-epidermized dermis and the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on its expression. SCCE is a recently discovered serine proteinase which has been purified from human stratum corneum, and evidence has been presented that it may play a role in stratum corneum turnover, especially in desquamation. The SCCE-specific monoclonal antibody TE-9B showed positive immunofluorescence staining of high suprabasal keratinocytes, mainly in the stratum granulosum, in normal non-palmo-plantar human epidermis as well as in reconstructed epidermis in the absence of RA. This staining was also seen in reconstructed epidermis cultured in the presence of 10(-8) M RA, a concentration at which the reconstructed epidermis still formed an orthokeratotic stratum corneum. At 10(-7) M RA, however, not only the formation of the stratum corneum but also SCCE expression was suppressed. These results support the hypothesis that SCCE expression is related to and may be part of the epidermis-specific differentiation program, where the enzyme may be involved in the homeostasis of the stratum corneum, possibly by degrading the intercorneocyte cohesive structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Egelrud
- L'Oréal Centre International, Valbonne, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
In a previous study, it was demonstrated that human Langerhans cells (LC) are preserved in human skin grafted onto a nude mouse. Moreover, although it was observed that mouse LC of the host invade skin grafts from allogeneic mouse or rat, they do not penetrate in human skin grafts. In most of the human skin equivalent systems produced in vitro, LC appear to be lost. The present study was designed to investigate whether the mouse LC will repopulate a human skin equivalent. For this purpose, two different systems of skin equivalent have been grafted into the nude mouse. They were composed of human keratinocytes deposited on dead human dermis, or on lattice composed of human fibroblasts embedded in type I collagen. At different times after grafting, the presence of LC in the transplants was assayed either by indirect immunofluorescence or by electron microscopy. Indirect immunofluorescence was performed on frozen sections or on epidermal sheets with anti-Ia, anti-HLA-DR, or OKT6 antibodies. It was observed that, at 2 months after grafting, Ia(+) HLA-DR(-) OKT6(-) cells are present in grafted human epidermis. Moreover, LC with typical Birbeck granules are also detected by electron microscopy. It could be concluded, from this study, that mouse LC can repopulate human epidermis devoid of human LC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Démarchez
- CIRD GALDERMA, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Régnier M, Caron D, Reichert U, Schaefer H. Reconstructed human epidermis: a model to study in vitro the barrier function of the skin. Skin Pharmacol 1992; 5:49-56. [PMID: 1575982 DOI: 10.1159/000211017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, we have shown that architecture and differentiation of human epidermis reconstructed by culturing dissociated keratinocytes on deepidermized dermis at the air-liquid interface resembles very much those of epidermis in vivo. The various types of epidermal layers are present with the appropriate differentiation markers, such as the bullous pemphigoid antigen, suprabasal keratins, involucrin, membrane-bound transglutaminase and filaggrin, positioned almost like in normal epidermis. At the ultrastructural level, heterogeneous keratohyalin granules and intra- and extracellular membrane-coating granules are observed. After 7 days of culture, a compact stratum corneum covers the reconstructed epidermis. In the present work, the barrier function of the reconstructed epidermis was evaluated by measuring fluxes of 3H-water. Our results show that under the various culture conditions tested, the presence of the reconstructed epidermis reduces dramatically the permeability of the deepidermized dermis although the skin equivalent exhibits a higher permeability than normal skin. Conditions that favor terminal differentiation of the keratinocytes such as maintaining the cultures in delipidized serum improve the barrier function. Reduction of the relative humidity has a similar effect, whereas the age of the culture is of no influence. Experiments are in progress to reconstruct human epidermis with a barrier function as efficient as in normal skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Régnier
- Centre International de Recherches Dermatologiques Galderma, (CIRD GALDERMA), Valbonne, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Régnier M, Asselineau D, Lenoir MC. Human epidermis reconstructed on dermal substrates in vitro: an alternative to animals in skin pharmacology. Skin Pharmacol 1990; 3:70-85. [PMID: 2078346 DOI: 10.1159/000210854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe three models of epidermis reconstructed on dermal substrates and utilized as an alternative to animal models. An almost normal epidermis is obtained when culture conditions are created that mimic the physiological conditions. The reconstruction of this epidermis allows us to evaluate the effects of substances such as retinoids and hormones on their target cell, namely the epidermal keratinocyte, and to visualize the alteration of morphogenesis and architecture of the epidermis under the influence of such hormones. These cultures of reconstructed epidermis on firm substrates lifted to the air-liquid interface show a great potential in medical and pharmacological research since the systemic and topical actions of drugs as well as their metabolism can be studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Régnier
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Centre International de Recherches Dermatologiques Galderma, Valbonne, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Stratified epithelia such as epidermis are classically considered to comprise 2 cell compartments, one consisting of undifferentiated proliferative cells occupying the basal layer, and the other consisting of differentiated postmitotic cells occupying the suprabasal layers. It is also generally assumed that the 58K basic-50K acidic couple of keratins is expressed in basal cells, while the 67K basic-56K acidic couple appears in suprabasal cells. In the present work we demonstrate that the population of basal keratinocytes is heterogeneous, since 8% of them are found to express the 67-56K "suprabasal" set of keratins. The morphology of these transitional cells suggests that they are in the process of detaching from the basement membrane to move upward to the epidermis. Cytoflow-fluorometric studies showed that the fraction of cells in S plus G2/M phases is 4 times higher in transitional keratinocytes than in basal or suprabasal keratinocytes. Altogether, these results suggest that the onset of terminal differentiation occurs in human epidermis in a subpopulation of keratinocytes which are still located in the basal layer, and that a transient increase in proliferation occurs when the cells engage in terminal differentiation and are ready to move toward the suprabasal layers.
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
On histologic vertical sections of skin, the epidermis is separated from the dermis by an amorphous thin membrane, the basal lamina. Ultrastructurally, the basal lamina is composed of four areas, including the basal-cell plasma membrane and hemidesmosomes, the lamina lucida, the lamina densa, and the sub-lamina densa fibrillar region. In culture, epidermal keratinocytes are able to produce hemidesmosomes, lamina lucida, and lamina densa. There is no evidence that cultured keratinocytes can produce sub-lamina densa fibrils. Biochemically, the lamina lucida contains two major glycoproteins. One, the bullous pemphigoid antigen, is synthesized by epidermal keratinocytes in vitro. These cells also synthesize laminin, the other glycoprotein of lamina lucida. At the interface between lamina lucida and lamina densa there is probably a heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Whether this proteoglycan is produced by keratinocytes in culture is not known, but the possibility can be considered. Lamina densa contains collagen IV, and this collagen is synthesized by keratinocytes in culture. However, cultured keratinocytes may also synthesize collagen types I, III, and V. Type V is associated with the basal lamina, but its exact location is unknown. Types I and III (if they are produced in vivo) would be situated in the sub-basal lamina region. The problem of fibronectin remains unsolved. There is "some" fibronectin in the lamina lucida, but its origin is not clear.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
In ordinary cultures, cells are grown on artificial substrates and immersed in culture medium. In vivo, interfollicular epidermal cells grow on the basement membrane and are exposed to air. In a first effort to render the culture of these cells more physiological it seems legitimate to raise the cultured cells to the air-medium interface. Epidermal cells can be raised by the use of collagen gels maintained on a rigid support. They can also be grown on nitrocellulose filters coated with collagen or coated with a basement-membrane equivalent (BME) previously deposited by bovine corneal endothelial cells. By raising the cultures to the air-medium interface there is some evidence of a more complete differentiation, as evaluated by morphologic criteria. However, biochemically, the raising of the cultures does not seem to induce the synthesis of those keratin polypeptides which are not expressed in immersed cultures. Epidermal cells can also be raised by culturing them on dermal substrates or dermal equivalents. When they were cultured on inverted dead pig skin, epidermal cells synthesized membrane-coating granules (MCG). MCG were not found in immersed controls. By culturing epidermal-cell suspensions on dead deepidermized dermis (DED), all morphologic markers of differentiation were seen except the keratin pattern. In addition, partial reexpression of high-molecular-weight keratin polypeptides occurred. However, the complete expression of keratins by cultured cells depends on the filtering action of the dermal substrate (the cultures are fed from underneath) more than on exposure to the air-liquid interface. In summary, several methods are available to culture epidermal cells at the air-liquid interface that are of interest in an investigation of the response of these cells to epigenetic influences.
Collapse
|
49
|
Woodley D, Saurat JH, Pruniéras M, Régnier M. Pemphigoid, pemphigus and Pr antigens in adult human keratinocytes grown on nonviable substrates. J Invest Dermatol 1982; 79:23-9. [PMID: 6177801 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12510438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Isolated adult human keratinocytes were grown either on plastic coverslips or a nonviable basement membrane surface containing intact laminin, type IV and V collagens, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan and examined by indirect immunofluorescence for the expression of bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus and Prlh antigens. Initial cell suspensions had a mean of 23% and 30%, respectively, of bullous pemphigoid and Prlh positive staining cells, while those stained with pemphigus serum were usually negative (19 of 22 series). Pemphigus antigen was expressed as intercellular staining between keratinocytes within 24 hr in both cultures on plastic and basement membrane. Likewise, Prlh antigen was expressed within 24 hr as a homogeneous cytoplasmic fluorescence leaving the basement membrane zone unstained. In contrast, pemphigoid antigen was expressed as a linear fluorescent band at the basement membrane zone between days 3 and 4 of culture. Systematic cell counts of bullous pemphigoid antigen positive cells from trypsin disrupted primary cultures made on plastic over time showed a nadir (8%) of positive cells in early cultures after which the percentage rapidly rose to a peak of 58% between days 14 and 21 of culture. In subcultures repeatedly disrupted at short intervals, the percentage of bullous pemphigoid positive cells remained low when compared to those interrupted and passaged over longer intervals. The percentage of bullous pemphigoid antigen bearing cells in culture over time is similar, but not identical, to the percentage of basal cells and is related to the age and known growth kinetics of the cultures system. Bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus and Prlh antigens are synthesized by the epidermal cell whether cultured on basement membrane or plastic.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
In an adult human epidermal cell culture system in which three different types of dermo-epidermal junctions could be observed, the in vitro synthesis of basement membrane and type IV collagen was studied with electron microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence via an antiserum to type IV collagen. Essentially, keratinocytes juxtaposed to non-living substrate did not produce either type IV collagen or an ultrastructural basement membrane, whereas both products were found at dermo-epidermal junctions composed of living keratinocytes juxtaposed to living dermis. This suggests that the microenvironment of the keratinocyte may influence the synthesis of junctional components.
Collapse
|