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Lukas S, Martinot P, Putman S, Lons A, Drumez E, Migaud H, Girard J. Metal ion release after hip resurfacing arthroplasty and knee arthroplasty: a retrospective study of one hundred ninety-five cases. Int Orthop 2024; 48:119-126. [PMID: 37650937 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-023-05915-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hip arthroplasty with metal-on-metal bearings like hip resurfacing results in the release of metallic ions. In parallel, like every metallic implant, knee arthroplasty implants undergo passive corrosion. We analyzed blood levels of cobalt and chromium ions in patients who have a hip resurfacing arthroplasty and compared them to patients who have undergone knee arthroplasty at a minimum follow-up of one year. The hypothesis was that there is no difference in the ion release between hip resurfacing and knee arthroplasty. METHODS Sixty-three patients who underwent knee arthroplasty were compared to a cohort of 132 patients who underwent hip resurfacing. The blood levels of cobalt and chromium ions were determined preoperatively and at six and 12 months postoperatively and then compared between groups. We analyzed the relationship between ion release and the change in clinical outcome scores (Harris Hip score, Oxford Hip score, Merle D'Aubigné Postel score, Oxford Knee score, International Knee Society score), the BMI, sex, physical activity, implant size and inclination of the acetabular implant (hip resurfacing patients only). Mixed linear models were used to assess the changes in ion blood levels over time. RESULTS The cobalt blood levels were higher in the first 6 months in the resurfacing group (0.87 ug/L vs 0.67 ug/L; p = 0.011), while it was higher in the knee arthroplasty group at 12 months (1.20 ug/L vs 1.41 ug/L; p = 0.0008). There were no significant differences in chromium levels during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION The increase in metal ion release after knee arthroplasty is as high as after hip resurfacing at the one year follow-up. The monitoring of this parameter probably should not be recommended in case of good clinicals outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lukas
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 4490-PMOI, F-59000, Lille, France.
- Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, Place de Verdun, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - P Martinot
- Département de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hôpital Saint Philibert, Université Catholique de Lille, Lomme, France
| | - S Putman
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 4490-PMOI, F-59000, Lille, France
- Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, Place de Verdun, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - A Lons
- Département de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hôpital Saint Philibert, Université Catholique de Lille, Lomme, France
| | - E Drumez
- Unité de Biostatistiques, Université Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, EA 2694-Santé publique: épidémiologie et qualité des soins, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - H Migaud
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 4490-PMOI, F-59000, Lille, France
- Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, Place de Verdun, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 4490-PMOI, F-59000, Lille, France
- Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, Place de Verdun, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7369-URePSS-Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000, Lille, France
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Rabiller-Baudry M, Loulergue P, Girard J, El Mansour El Jastimi M, Bouzin A, Le Gallic M, Moreac A, Rabiller P. Consequences of membrane aging on real or misleading evaluation of membrane cleaning by flux measurements. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rochoy M, Muller A, Pelayo S, Bailleux B, Hedouin V, Girard J. [Asthma and scuba diving: Creation and evaluation of a website (For doctors, asthmatics and diving instructors)]. Rev Mal Respir 2021; 38:22-33. [PMID: 33455823 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Scuba diving has long been strictly contraindicated for asthmatics; this contraindication has been questioned in recent years. Our objective was to provide a website, evaluated by its users, for doctors, diving instructors and asthmatics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Creation of the site Asthme-Plongee.com based on a peer-reviewed literature review, then distribution of a questionnaire in summer 2018 to diving clubs, general practitioner groups, pulmonologists and FFESSM federal offices, and via social networks. RESULTS Our sample consisted of 413 assessors, including 264 health professionals (63.9%), 74 asthmatics (17.9%) and 92 diving instructors (22.3%), spread over the entire territory of France. The structure of the website, the clarity of the information written and its relevance were generally appreciated by the entire population with a median score of 8/10. The site was found useful: 72.9% of respondents thought they would visit it later. CONCLUSION Faced with a growing number of amateur divers, it seems essential to raise awareness of current recommendations and good diving practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rochoy
- Département de médecine générale, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France; University Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694 - METRICS, CERIM, Public health dept, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - A Muller
- Département de médecine générale, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - S Pelayo
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-IT/Evalab 1403 - Centre d'Investigation Clinique, EA 2694, 59000 Lille, France
| | - B Bailleux
- Médecin fédéral FFESSM, CH Seclin, 59113 Seclin, France
| | - V Hedouin
- University Lille, CHU Lille, Institut de Médecine Légale, EA 7367 UTML - Unité de Taphonomie Médico-Légale, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- Service d'orthopédie, University Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France
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Girard J, Lanneau G, Delage L, Leroux C, Belcour A, Got J, Collén J, Boyen C, Siegel A, Dittami SM, Leblanc C, Markov GV. Semi-Quantitative Targeted Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Profiling Supports a Late Side-Chain Reductase Cycloartenol-to-Cholesterol Biosynthesis Pathway in Brown Algae. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:648426. [PMID: 33986764 PMCID: PMC8112355 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.648426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sterols are biologically important molecules that serve as membrane fluidity regulators and precursors of signaling molecules, either endogenous or involved in biotic interactions. There is currently no model of their biosynthesis pathways in brown algae. Here, we benefit from the availability of genome data and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) sterol profiling using a database of internal standards to build such a model. We expand the set of identified sterols in 11 species of red, brown, and green macroalgae and integrate these new data with genomic data. Our analyses suggest that some metabolic reactions may be conserved despite the loss of canonical eukaryotic enzymes, like the sterol side-chain reductase (SSR). Our findings are consistent with the principle of metabolic pathway drift through enzymatic replacement and show that cholesterol synthesis from cycloartenol may be a widespread but variable pathway among chlorophyllian eukaryotes. Among the factors contributing to this variability, one could be the recruitment of cholesterol biosynthetic intermediates to make signaling molecules, such as the mozukulins. These compounds were found in some brown algae belonging to Ectocarpales, and we here provide a first mozukulin biosynthetic model. Our results demonstrate that integrative approaches can already be used to infer experimentally testable models, which will be useful to further investigate the biological roles of those newly identified algal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Girard
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Goulven Lanneau
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, Plateforme Corsaire-METABOMER (FR2424), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Ludovic Delage
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Cédric Leroux
- CNRS, Plateforme Corsaire-METABOMER (FR2424), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Arnaud Belcour
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Equipe Dyliss, Rennes, France
| | - Jeanne Got
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Equipe Dyliss, Rennes, France
| | - Jonas Collén
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Catherine Boyen
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Anne Siegel
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Equipe Dyliss, Rennes, France
| | - Simon M. Dittami
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Gabriel V. Markov
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
- *Correspondence: Gabriel V. Markov,
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Martinot P, Dartus J, Leclerc JT, Putman S, Girard J, Migaud H. Hip survival after plain core decompression alone versus bone morphogenetic protein and/or bone marrow reinjection with core decompression for avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a retrospective case control study in ninety two patients. Int Orthop 2020; 44:2275-2282. [PMID: 32696335 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04692-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Injecting bone marrow or bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP) during core decompression for avascular osteonecrosis (AVN) may improve survival. We hypothesized that adding a complementary technique (injection of BMP and/or non-concentrated bone marrow) to core decompression would reduce the number of patients requiring a subsequent total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 92 cases from 2003 to 2018 with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up and an average follow-up of 64 months (24-204). Twenty-four patients had a core decompression (CD) (26.1% (24/92)), 25 had a CD associated with reinjection of bone marrow and BMP (rhBMP7) (27.2% (25/92)), and 43 patients had a CD with bone marrow reinjection (46.7% (43/92)). RESULTS Hip survival after CD was 66.3% (61/92) at two years and 59.8% (55/92) at 10 years. CD with bone marrow and BMP reinjection had a better hip survival at ten years (HR: 0.492 (CI95%: 0.254-0.952) p = 0.035). A volume of necrosis greater than 30% (HR = 12.97 (CI95 [3.88-43.3] (p < 0.001))) and a Kerboul angle greater than 60° (HR: 12.5 (CI95 [2.84-54.6] (p < 0.001))) were risk factors for a subsequent THA. CONCLUSIONS CD is an interesting non-invasive technique to preserve the native hip after AVN of the femoral head. Reinjection of bone marrow and/or BMP improved CD hip survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Martinot
- CHU Lille, Hôpital Salengro, University of Lille, Hauts de France, F-59000, Lille, France. .,Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHU Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - J Dartus
- CHU Lille, Hôpital Salengro, University of Lille, Hauts de France, F-59000, Lille, France.,Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHU Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - J T Leclerc
- CHU Lille, Hôpital Salengro, University of Lille, Hauts de France, F-59000, Lille, France.,Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHU Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000, Lille, France.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - S Putman
- CHU Lille, Hôpital Salengro, University of Lille, Hauts de France, F-59000, Lille, France.,Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHU Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- CHU Lille, Hôpital Salengro, University of Lille, Hauts de France, F-59000, Lille, France.,Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHU Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - H Migaud
- CHU Lille, Hôpital Salengro, University of Lille, Hauts de France, F-59000, Lille, France.,Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHU Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000, Lille, France
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Belcour A, Girard J, Aite M, Delage L, Trottier C, Marteau C, Leroux C, Dittami SM, Sauleau P, Corre E, Nicolas J, Boyen C, Leblanc C, Collén J, Siegel A, Markov GV. Inferring Biochemical Reactions and Metabolite Structures to Understand Metabolic Pathway Drift. iScience 2020; 23:100849. [PMID: 32058961 PMCID: PMC6997860 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Inferring genome-scale metabolic networks in emerging model organisms is challenged by incomplete biochemical knowledge and partial conservation of biochemical pathways during evolution. Therefore, specific bioinformatic tools are necessary to infer biochemical reactions and metabolic structures that can be checked experimentally. Using an integrative approach combining genomic and metabolomic data in the red algal model Chondrus crispus, we show that, even metabolic pathways considered as conserved, like sterols or mycosporine-like amino acid synthesis pathways, undergo substantial turnover. This phenomenon, here formally defined as "metabolic pathway drift," is consistent with findings from other areas of evolutionary biology, indicating that a given phenotype can be conserved even if the underlying molecular mechanisms are changing. We present a proof of concept with a methodological approach to formalize the logical reasoning necessary to infer reactions and molecular structures, abstracting molecular transformations based on previous biochemical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Belcour
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Equipe Dyliss, Rennes, France
| | - Jean Girard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Méziane Aite
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Equipe Dyliss, Rennes, France
| | - Ludovic Delage
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | | | | | - Cédric Leroux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Plateforme METABOMER-Corsaire (FR2424), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Simon M Dittami
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | | | - Erwan Corre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Plateforme ABiMS (FR2424), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Jacques Nicolas
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Equipe Dyliss, Rennes, France
| | - Catherine Boyen
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Jonas Collén
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Anne Siegel
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Equipe Dyliss, Rennes, France
| | - Gabriel V Markov
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M, UMR8227), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France.
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André C, Girard J, Gautier S, Derambure P, Rochoy M. Training modalities and self-medication behaviors in a sample of runners during an ultratrail. Sci Sports 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rabiller-Baudry M, Thomas P, Nguyen TKH, Girard J, El Mansour El Jastimi M, Loulergue P. Simulation of membrane ageing to go ahead in fouling and cleaning understanding during skim milk ultrafiltration. Food and Bioproducts Processing 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cherif C, Hassanat F, Claveau S, Girard J, Gervais R, Benchaar C. Faba bean (Vicia faba) inclusion in dairy cow diets: Effect on nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation, nitrogen utilization, methane production, and milk performance. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:8916-8928. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Markov GV, Girard J, Laudet V, Leblanc C. Hormonally active phytochemicals from macroalgae: A largely untapped source of ligands to deorphanize nuclear receptors in emerging marine animal models. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 265:41-45. [PMID: 29908834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Hormonally active phytochemicals (HAPs) are signaling molecules produced by plants that alter hormonal signaling in animals, due to consumption or environmental exposure. To date, HAPs have been investigated mainly in terrestrial ecosystems. To gain a full understanding of the origin and evolution of plant-animal interactions, it is necessary also to study these interactions in the marine environment, where the major photosynthetic lineages are very distant from the terrestrial plants. Here we focus on chemicals from red and brown macroalgae and point out their potential role as modulators of the endocrine system of aquatic animals through nuclear hormone receptors. We show that, regarding steroids and oxylipins, there are already some candidates available for further functional investigations of ligand-receptor interactions. Furthermore, several carotenoids, produced by cyanobacteria provide candidates that could be investigated with respect to their presence in macroalgae. Finally, regarding halogenated compounds, it is not clear yet which molecules could bridge the gap to explain the transition from lipid sensing to thyroid hormone high affinity binding among nuclear receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel V Markov
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France.
| | - Jean Girard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, UMR CNRS 7232, 1 Avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
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Iroz A, Montagner A, Benhamed F, Levavasseur F, Polizzi A, Anthony E, Régnier M, Fouché E, Lukowicz C, Cauzac M, Tournier E, Do-Cruzeiro M, Daujat-Chavanieu M, Gerbal-Chalouin S, Fauveau V, Marmier S, Burnol AF, Guilmeau S, Lippi Y, Girard J, Wahli W, Dentin R, Guillou H, Postic C. A Specific ChREBP and PPARα Cross-Talk Is Required for the Glucose-Mediated FGF21 Response. Cell Rep 2018; 21:403-416. [PMID: 29020627 PMCID: PMC5643524 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
While the physiological benefits of the fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) hepatokine are documented in response to fasting, little information is available on Fgf21 regulation in a glucose-overload context. We report that peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), a nuclear receptor of the fasting response, is required with the carbohydrate-sensitive transcription factor carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) to balance FGF21 glucose response. Microarray analysis indicated that only a few hepatic genes respond to fasting and glucose similarly to Fgf21. Glucose-challenged Chrebp−/− mice exhibit a marked reduction in FGF21 production, a decrease that was rescued by re-expression of an active ChREBP isoform in the liver of Chrebp−/− mice. Unexpectedly, carbohydrate challenge of hepatic Pparα knockout mice also demonstrated a PPARα-dependent glucose response for Fgf21 that was associated with an increased sucrose preference. This blunted response was due to decreased Fgf21 promoter accessibility and diminished ChREBP binding onto Fgf21 carbohydrate-responsive element (ChoRE) in hepatocytes lacking PPARα. Our study reports that PPARα is required for the ChREBP-induced glucose response of FGF21. Fgf21 is a unique hepatic gene inducible by both catabolic and anabolic signals The ChREBP-mediated induction of Fgf21 in hepatocytes requires PPARα Loss of PPARα impairs Fgf21 promoter accessibility at the ChoRE PPARα is required for the control of sucrose preference in vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Iroz
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Françoise Levavasseur
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Elodie Anthony
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Marion Régnier
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Edwin Fouché
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Céline Lukowicz
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Michèle Cauzac
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Emilie Tournier
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Marcio Do-Cruzeiro
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Martine Daujat-Chavanieu
- INSERM, U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UMR 1183, Montpellier, France; CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
| | - Sabine Gerbal-Chalouin
- INSERM, U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UMR 1183, Montpellier, France; CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Fauveau
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Solenne Marmier
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Anne-Françoise Burnol
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Sandra Guilmeau
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France
| | - Jean Girard
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Renaud Dentin
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France.
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse 31027, France.
| | - Catherine Postic
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France; University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France.
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de Saint Vincent B, Migaud H, Senneville E, Loiez C, Pasquier G, Girard J, Putman S. Diagnostic accuracy of the alpha defensin lateral flow device (Synovasure) for periprosthetic infections in microbiologically complex situations: A study of 42 cases in a French referral centre. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018; 104:427-431. [PMID: 29581070 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Joint aspiration is currently the reference standard test for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) despite the high rate of false-negative results, of which a major cause is the fastidious nature of some microorganisms. A rapid diagnostic test that detects alpha defensin (Synovasure™, Zimmer, Warsaw, IN, USA) in joint fluid can provide the diagnosis of PJI within a few minutes across the full spectrum of causative organisms (including mycobacteria and yeasts). Its performance in detecting bacterial infections is unaltered by concomitant antibiotic therapy. Few studies of Synovasure™ have been conducted by groups that were involved in designing the test, which has not been validated in France. Assessments in referral centres where complex microbiological situations are common hold considerable interest. The objective of this prospective study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and causes of error of Synovasure™ used to diagnose periprosthetic infection in complex microbiological situations. HYPOTHESIS The rapid diagnostic test Synovasure™ has greater than 90% NPV for detecting periprosthetic infections in complex microbiological infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS Synovasure™ was used 42 times in 39 patients between October 2015 and October 2017 in challenging microbiological situations [discordant joint aspiration results (n=20), negative cultures with clinical or laboratory evidence of infection, (n=21), and concomitant antibiotic therapy (n=1)]. Of the 39 patients, 23 had total knee prostheses, 13 total hip prostheses, and 3 total femoral prostheses. The reference standard to which the Synovasure™ results were compared was the PJI criteria set developed by the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS). RESULTS Synovasure™ was negative in 30 cases with negative joint fluid cultures (30/42, 71.4%). Of the 12 (28.6%) cases with positive Synovasure™ results, only 7 (7/12, 58.3%) had positive joint fluid cultures. According to the MSIS criteria 9 cases were infected, including 8 with positive and 1 with negative Synovasure™ results. Of the 33 cases that were not infected according to MSIS criteria, 29 had negative and 3 positive Synovasure™ results; the remaining case had a positive Synovasure™ result but was excluded when metallosis was found intra-operatively. NPV was 96.7%, PPV 72.7%, sensitivity 88.9%, and specificity 90.6%. DISCUSSION The high NPV of Synovasure™ suggests a role for this test in microbiologically complex situations as a new tool for ruling in and, most importantly, ruling out infection in doubtful cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, prospective study of diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B de Saint Vincent
- Centre de référence pour le traitement des infections ostéo-articulaires complexes (CRIOAC), avenue du Professeur-Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille-Tourcoing, France; Université Lille-Nord-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille, France.
| | - H Migaud
- Centre de référence pour le traitement des infections ostéo-articulaires complexes (CRIOAC), avenue du Professeur-Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille-Tourcoing, France; Université Lille-Nord-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille, France
| | - E Senneville
- Centre de référence pour le traitement des infections ostéo-articulaires complexes (CRIOAC), avenue du Professeur-Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille-Tourcoing, France; Université Lille-Nord-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service des maladies infectieuses, hôpital Dron, 59200 Tourcoing, France
| | - C Loiez
- Centre de référence pour le traitement des infections ostéo-articulaires complexes (CRIOAC), avenue du Professeur-Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille-Tourcoing, France; Université Lille-Nord-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service de bactériologie-hygiène, centre de biologie-pathologie, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Pasquier
- Centre de référence pour le traitement des infections ostéo-articulaires complexes (CRIOAC), avenue du Professeur-Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille-Tourcoing, France; Université Lille-Nord-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- Centre de référence pour le traitement des infections ostéo-articulaires complexes (CRIOAC), avenue du Professeur-Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille-Tourcoing, France; Université Lille-Nord-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille, France; Département de médecine du sport, faculté de médecine de Lille, université de Lille 2, 59045 Lille, France
| | - S Putman
- Centre de référence pour le traitement des infections ostéo-articulaires complexes (CRIOAC), avenue du Professeur-Émile-Laine, 59037 Lille-Tourcoing, France; Université Lille-Nord-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille, France; EA 2694 - Santé publique, épidémiologie et qualité des soins, CHU de Lille, Lille university, 59000 Lille, France
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Martinot P, Blairon A, Putman S, Pasquier G, Girard J, Migaud H. Course of dislocated posterior hip arthroplasty: A continuous 232-patient series at a mean 10 years' follow up (range, 1-22 years). Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018; 104:325-331. [PMID: 29277516 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dislocation rates in posterior total hip arthroplasty (THA) range between 2% and 5%, but long-term course (recurrence of dislocation or revision surgery) is not known, most series having short follow-up or small populations. We therefore conducted a retrospective study on a large series, to determine long-term rates of recurrence and surgical revision and recurrence risk factors. HYPOTHESIS Long-term follow-up of a large cohort of THA dislocations enables recurrence rate and factors to be determined. MATERIAL AND METHOD Five hundred and nine cases of THA dislocation were admitted to our center between 1994 and 2008. A hundred and twenty seven incomplete files and 150 patients who had received their THA elsewhere were excluded, leaving 232 patients: 150 female, 82 male. Mean age at THA (163 primary, 69 revision) was 63 years (range, 15-90 years), and 65 years (range 20-90 years) at first dislocation, with a mean interval to dislocation of 25 months. Minimum follow-up was 8 years up to 2016, or 1 year taking account of deaths (111 deaths). There were 46 anterior, 185 posterior and 1 multidirectional dislocations. The following potential recurrence factors were assessed: gander, age, body-mass index (BMI), etiology, surgical history, bearing diameter and type, component fixation means, dislocation direction, and time to dislocation. RESULTS A hundred and thirty three of the 232 patients (57%) showed at least 1 recurrence, at a mean 38 months (range, 0.5-252 months); 78 experienced a second and 32 a third recurrence. Ninety-nine (43%) had only 1 dislocation, without recurrence, but 17 of these (17%) underwent reoperation for other causes. The reoperation rate was 17/232 (7%) excluding recurrent instability, and 84/232 (36%) for instability. Fourty-eight months after the first dislocation, 84/133 cases of recurrence (63%) had been reoperated on: 16 complete replacements, 18 bearing replacements, 42 dual mobility cups, one large diameter cup, seven Lefèvre retentive cups. The rate of revision surgery for instability was high, at 84/232 (36%), and higher again in relation to recurrence (84/133: 63%). Only posterior dislocation emerged as a factor for recurrence (HR=1.774, 95% CI [1.020-3.083]), the other tested factors showing no correlation.14 of the 84 revision surgeries for instability (16.6%) were followed by recurrence, without identifiable risk factors. CONCLUSION/DISCUSSION The recurrence rate was 57%, with posterior dislocation as the only risk factor. The rate of revision surgery for recurrence was 84/232 (36%), with 14/84 revision procedures (16.6%) followed by further recurrence. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, retrospective, without control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martinot
- Université de Lille-2, Hauts-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - A Blairon
- Université de Lille-2, Hauts-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie B, hôpital Jean-Bernard, avenue Desandrouin, 59300 Valenciennes, France
| | - S Putman
- Université de Lille-2, Hauts-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Pasquier
- Université de Lille-2, Hauts-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- Université de Lille-2, Hauts-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - H Migaud
- Université de Lille-2, Hauts-de-France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
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Girard J, Lons A, Ramdane N, Putman S. Hip resurfacing before 50years of age: A prospective study of 979 hips with a mean follow-up of 5.1years. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018; 104:295-299. [PMID: 29277514 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) is an alternative to total hip arthroplasty (THA) for the treatment of hip osteoarthritis in patients younger than 50 years. Data on revision rates after HRA are conflicting. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends performing only those hip arthroplasty procedures associated with 10-year revision rates no greater than 5% (0.5% per year). Follow-up studies can rapidly determine whether this criterion is met. The uncertainties surrounding revision rates after HRA prompted us to design a study of prospectively enrolled patients aiming (1) to determine the revision rate after HRA performed before 50years of age and (2) to assess the functional, radiological, and biological outcomes of HRA. HYPOTHESIS The revision rate after HRA performed before 50years of age meets the NICE criterion. MATERIAL AND METHODS Consecutive patients undergoing HRA before 50years of age were enrolled prospectively. The same implant was used in all patients. Functional outcomes were assessed based on the Harris Hip Score (HHS), Postel-Merle d'Aubigné (PMA) score, 12-item Oxford Hip Score (OHS), and UCLA activity score. Radiographic outcomes were assessed, and blood levels of chromium and cobalt were assayed. RESULTS The study included 936 patients (979 HRAs) with a mean age of 42.7years (16.4-50.0years) at surgery and a mean follow-up of 5.1years (range: 3.1-9.0 years). All four mean functional scores were significantly improved at last follow-up vs. baseline: HHS, 95.9 (39.0-100) vs. 44.3 (18.0-83.0); PMA score, 17.6 (6.0-18.0) vs. 11.7 (3.0-16.0); OHS, 14.3 (12.0-37.0) vs. 40.6 (25.0-60.0); and UCLA activity score, 7.8 (2.0-10.0) vs. 5.6 (1.0-10.0) (p<0.0001). Mean cup inclination in the coronal plane was 42.1° (25.0°-68.0°). Mean blood cobalt level was significantly higher at last follow-up than at baseline (1.36μg/L [0.05-8.2μg/L] vs. 0.61μg/L [0.01-3.6]) (p<0.001). No patient experienced dislocation. Revision was required for 17 hips and involved changing the implant in 12 (1.2%). The 10-year survival rate with implant change, as the endpoint was 98.7% (95%CI, 97.6%-99.3%), indicating that the NICE criterion was easily met. DISCUSSION The NICE criterion allows the rapid identification of prostheses with insufficient survival. HRA is theoretically associated with a high risk of aseptic mechanical loosening, as it is performed in young patients who have a high level of physical activity. Nevertheless, our study showed that implant survival after HRA was better than required by the NICE criterion. Thus, HRA is a valid alterative to THA in patients younger than 50years. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, prospective study with no control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Girard
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Département de médecine du sport, faculté de médecine de Lille, université de Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital salengro, CHU Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - A Lons
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital salengro, CHU Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - N Ramdane
- Unité de biostatistiques, EA 2694, Santé publique : épidémiologie et qualité des soins, centre hospitalier universitaire Lille, université Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - S Putman
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital salengro, CHU Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
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Nzogang BC, Bouquerel J, Cordier P, Mussi A, Girard J, Karato S. Characterization by Scanning Precession Electron Diffraction of an Aggregate of Bridgmanite and Ferropericlase Deformed at HP-HT. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 2018; 19:582-594. [PMID: 29937698 PMCID: PMC5993221 DOI: 10.1002/2017gc007244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Scanning precession electron diffraction is an emerging promising technique for mapping phases and crystal orientations with short acquisition times (10-20 ms/pixel) in a transmission electron microscope similarly to the Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) or Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction (TKD) techniques in a scanning electron microscope. In this study, we apply this technique to the characterization of deformation microstructures in an aggregate of bridgmanite and ferropericlase deformed at 27 GPa and 2,130 K. Such a sample is challenging for microstructural characterization for two reasons: (i) the bridgmanite is very unstable under electron irradiation, (ii) under high stress conditions, the dislocation density is so large that standard characterization by diffraction contrast are limited, or impossible. Here we show that detailed analysis of intracrystalline misorientations sheds some light on the deformation mechanisms of both phases. In bridgmanite, deformation is accommodated by localized, amorphous, shear deformation lamellae whereas ferropericlase undergoes large strains leading to grain elongation in response to intense dislocation activity with no evidence for recrystallization. Plastic strain in ferropericlase can be semiquantitatively assessed by following kernel average misorientation distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. C. Nzogang
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207‐UMET‐Unité Matériaux et TransformationsLilleFrance
| | - J. Bouquerel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207‐UMET‐Unité Matériaux et TransformationsLilleFrance
| | - P. Cordier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207‐UMET‐Unité Matériaux et TransformationsLilleFrance
| | - A. Mussi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207‐UMET‐Unité Matériaux et TransformationsLilleFrance
| | - J. Girard
- Department of Geology and GeophysicsYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - S. Karato
- Department of Geology and GeophysicsYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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Girard J, Lons A, Pommepuy T, Isida R, Benad K, Putman S. High-impact sport after hip resurfacing: The Ironman triathlon. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2017; 103:675-678. [PMID: 28552834 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Returning to high-impact sport is an increasingly frequent functional demand following hip replacement. The literature, however, is sparse on the subject and nonexistent regarding triathlon. We therefore conducted a retrospective study of hip resurfacing in triathlon players, to determine: (1) whether it is possible to return to this kind of sport; (2) if so, whether it is possible to return to the same level; and (3) how a resurfaced hip behaves under these conditions. HYPOTHESIS Hip resurfacing allows return to competition level in long-distance triathlon. MATERIAL AND METHODS A single-center single-operator retrospective study included patients undergoing hip resurfacing with the Conserve Plus implant inserted through a posterolateral approach, who had ceased long-distance triathlon practice due to osteoarthritis of the hip. Fifty-one of the 1688 patients undergoing resurfacing during the inclusion period were long-distance triathlon players. RESULTS The series comprised 48 patients: 51 implants; 43 male, 5 female; mean age, 44.8 years (range, 28.2-58.9 years). At a mean 4.7 years' follow-up (range, 2.2-7.6 years), all clinical scores showed significant improvement; Merle d'Aubigné and Harris scores rose respectively from 12.3 (5-16) and 42 (37-56) preoperatively to 17.5 (13-18) and 93.2 (73-100) (P<0.001). There were no cases of dislocation or implant revision. Forty-five patients returned to sport (94%). Rates of return to swimming, cycling and running were respectively 38/48 (79%), 41/48 (85%) and 33/48 (69%). Preoperatively, all patients had taken part in at least 1 competition: 29 with distance=70.3km and 19 with distance=140.6km. At follow-up, 28 patients had taken part in an Ironman competition: 21 with distance=70.3km and 7 with distance=140.6km. Mean competition performance did not differ between pre and postoperative periods. DISCUSSION Return-to-sport rates were good following hip resurfacing. Non-impact sports (swimming, cycling) predominated postoperatively, whereas the rate of impact sport (running) diminished. Return to competition-level sport (extreme triathlon) was possible for 28/48 patients (58%). Implant survival seemed unaffected by this high-impact sports activity at a mean 4.7 years' follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, retrospective, non-controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Girard
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Département de médecine du sport, faculté de médecine de Lille, université de Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - A Lons
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - T Pommepuy
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - R Isida
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - K Benad
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie D, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - S Putman
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie D, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
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Girard J. [Role of the kidneys in glucose homeostasis. Implication of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in diabetes mellitus treatment]. Nephrol Ther 2017; 13 Suppl 1:S35-S41. [PMID: 28577741 DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Kidney plays an important role in glucose homeostasis, both in the post-absorptive and postprandial period. Kidney produces glucose by gluconeogenesis in the renal cortex and uses glucose for covering energy needs of the medulla. Kidney participates also to the reabsorption of filtered glucose in order the terminal urine was devoided of glucose, as long as blood glucose did not exceed 180mg/dL. Reabsorption of glucose is mediated by sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLT1 et SGLT2) expressed in S1 and S3 segments of proximal tubule. SGLT2 is the main sodium-glucose cotransporter responsible for 90% of glucose reabsorption. In type 2 diabetics, renal gluconeogenesis and glucose utilisation are increased by 30%. Surprisingly, renal glucose reabsorption is increased, participating to worsening of hyperglycemia. This results from the increase in the renal threshhold of glucose reabsorption (220mg/dL) and from an overexpression of SGLT2 in response to hyperglycemia and of cytokine secretion. The administration of SGLT2 inhibitors to type 2 diabetic patients induced a decreased in the renal threshhold of glucose reabsorption (80mg/dL) and strongly reduced kidney glucose reabsorption. The inhibitors of SGLT2 are the only antidiabetic molecules able to correct the excessive renal glucose reabsorption in type 2 diabetics and thus to contribute, by an original mechanism, to the lowering of blood glucose level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Girard
- Département endocrinologie, métabolisme et diabète, institut Cochin, université Paris Descartes, 24, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, 24, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; Inserm UMR 1016, 24, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.
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Deny A, Loiez C, Deken V, Putman S, Duhamel A, Girard J, Pasquier G, Chantelot C, Senneville E, Migaud H. Epidemiology of patients with MSSA versus MRSA infections of orthopedic implants: Retrospective study of 115 patients. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2016; 102:919-923. [PMID: 27744001 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Factors that predict the occurrence of a surgical site infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are not well known; however this information could be used to modify the recommended antimicrobial prophylaxis. We carried out a retrospective study of S. aureus infections on orthopedic implants to determine: (1) whether epidemiological factors can be identified that predict a MRSA infection, (2) the impact of these factors as evidenced by the odds ratio (OR). HYPOTHESIS Risk factors for a MRSA infection can be identified from a cohort of patients with S. aureus infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified 244 patients who experienced a S. aureus surgical site infection (SSI) in 2011-2012 documented by intraoperative sample collection. Of these 244 patients, those who had a previous SSI (n=44), those with a SSI but no orthopedic implant (n=80) or those who had the infection more than 1-year after the initial surgery (n=5) were excluded. This resulted in 115 patients (53 arthroplasty, 62 bone fixation) being analyzed for this study. There were 24 MRSA infections and 91 MSSA infections. The following factors were evaluated in bivariate and multifactorial analysis: age, sex, type of device (prosthesis/bone fixation), predisposition (diabetes, obesity, kidney failure), and environmental factors (hospitalization in intensive care unit within past 5 years, nursing home stay). RESULTS Two factors were correlated with the occurrence of MRSA infections. (1) Nursing home patients had a higher rate of MRSA infections (67% vs. 18%, P=0.017) with an OR of 8.42 (95% CI: 1.06-66.43). (2) Patients who had undergone bone fixation had a lower rate of MRSA infections than patients who had undergone arthroplasty (13% vs. 30%, P=0.023), OR 0.11 (95% CI: 0.02-0.56). Although the sample size was too small to be statistically significant, all of the patients with kidney failure (n=4) had a MRSA infection. DISCUSSION Since these MRSA infection risk factors are easy to identify, the antimicrobial prophylaxis could be adapted in these specific patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Deny
- Clinique d'orthopédie, CHU de Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - C Loiez
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Institut de microbiologie, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - V Deken
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service de biostatistiques, université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - S Putman
- Clinique d'orthopédie, CHU de Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Duhamel
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service de biostatistiques, université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- Clinique d'orthopédie, CHU de Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Pasquier
- Clinique d'orthopédie, CHU de Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C Chantelot
- Clinique d'orthopédie, CHU de Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - E Senneville
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service de maladies infectieuses, centre hospitalier de Dron, 59200 Tourcoing, France
| | - H Migaud
- Clinique d'orthopédie, CHU de Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
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Delay C, Putman S, Dereudre G, Girard J, Lancelier-Bariatinsky V, Drumez E, Migaud H. Is there any range-of-motion advantage to using bearings larger than 36mm in primary hip arthroplasty: A case-control study comparing 36-mm and large-diameter heads. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2016; 102:735-40. [PMID: 27184931 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-diameter (>36mm) total hip arthroplasty (THA) has developed rapidly since the advent of ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearings and highly cross-linked polyethylene. Theoretically, the increase in diameter reduces the risk of instability, although the advantage of calibers beyond 36mm has not been demonstrated in terms of range-of-motion recovery. We conducted a comparative study with a single prosthesis model to determine whether increasing the caliber beyond 36mm provides: (1) better recovery of range-of-motion, (2) a higher functional score, and (3) reduction of the dislocation rate. HYPOTHESIS Increasing the range-of-motion by increasing the caliber beyond 36mm provides better range-of-motion. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed two consecutive, single-operator cementless THA series performed via the mini posterior approach, which differed only in the bearing system (51 metal-on-metal [MoM] with a mean caliber of 45mm±3.3 [range, 40-54] and 61 CoC with a 36-mm caliber). Both series were comparable preoperatively in terms of age, diagnosis, functional scores, preoperative range-of-motion, body mass index, UCLA activity level, and Charnley score. We compared the joint range of movement at follow-up and the gains in range of movement, onset of dislocation, and functional scores (Oxford, Postel-Merle d'Aubigné [PMA]). RESULTS The mean overall joint range-of-motion was 254°±39° (range, 150-310°) for an 81°±44° (range, -50 to 180°) gain in the MoM group and 256°±23° (range, 200-280°) for an 84°±40° (range, 0-160°) gain in the CoC group (NS). The MoM group presented the following results: Oxford=13.71±3.66 (range, 12-33) for a gain of 24.82 points±7.9 (range, -1 to 40), PMA=17.75±1.06 (range, 11-18) for a gain of 7.78 points±4.01 (range, 2-15). The CoC group had: Oxford=14.98±4.42 (range, 12-36) for a gain of 24.75 points±6.55 (range, 12-40), PMA 17.66±0.7 (range, 14-18) for a gain of 8 points±3.77 (range, 1-15). None of the gains and scores at follow-up differed significantly between the two groups. No episode of dislocation was identified. DISCUSSION The current trend of increasing femoral head diameters beyond 36mm to improve the gains in joint range-of-motion and function is not warranted. The potential side effects of increasing the caliber call for even greater caution in the use of large-diameter heads because our hypothesis has not been confirmed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Case-control study, level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Delay
- Université Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Laboratoire d'anatomie et d'organogenèse, faculté de médecine, place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France.
| | - S Putman
- Université Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - G Dereudre
- Université Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Laboratoire d'anatomie et d'organogenèse, faculté de médecine, place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- Université Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - V Lancelier-Bariatinsky
- Université Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - E Drumez
- Unité de biostatistiques, université Lille, CHU de Lille, EA 2694 - santé publique : épidémiologie et qualité des soins, 59000 Lille, France
| | - H Migaud
- Université Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie, hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
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Benad K, Delay C, Putman S, Girard J, Pasquier G, Migaud H. Technique to treat iliopsoas irritation after total hip replacement: Thickening of articular hip capsule through an abridged direct anterior approach. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2015; 101:973-6. [PMID: 26548515 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2015.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Iliopsoas irritation due to acetabular cup component impingement following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is usually treated by infiltration or by distal iliopsoas tenotomy in case of recurrence; however, this can result in an active flexion deficit of the thigh. To prevent this complication, we developed an original technique that we performed between 2012 and 2014 in patients with recurrent impingement following extraarticular corticosteroid injections. This included 5 patients (mean age: 64 [53-75] years old) in whom we performed an ambulatory bursectomy by the Hueter approach and placed a polyglactin 910 (Vicryl™) mesh plate on the entire anterior hip capsule. After a mean follow-up of 12months (9-29months), anterior pain had decreased in all patients with improvement and an increase in the Oxford-12 (mean: 15 points [10-19]), Merle d'Aubigné (mean: 2.5 points [1-5]) and Harris (mean: 18 points [10-29]) scores. No flexion deficits were observed. An infected postoperative hematoma had to be drained but was cured at follow-up. This simple procedure provides satisfactory results and preserves THA function. It does not jeopardize future procedures and is an alternative option in case of unsuccessful conservative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Benad
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - C Delay
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Laboratoire d'Anatomie et d'Organogenèse, Faculté de Médecine, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France.
| | - S Putman
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - J Girard
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - G Pasquier
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - H Migaud
- Université de Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'Orthopédie, Hôpital Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille cedex, France
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Marmier S, Dentin R, Daujat-Chavanieu M, Guillou H, Bertrand-Michel J, Gerbal-Chaloin S, Girard J, Lotersztajn S, Postic C. Novel role for carbohydrate responsive element binding protein in the control of ethanol metabolism and susceptibility to binge drinking. Hepatology 2015; 62:1086-100. [PMID: 25761756 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) is central for de novo fatty acid synthesis under physiological conditions and in the context of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We explored its contribution to alcohol-induced steatosis in a mouse model of binge drinking as acute ethanol (EtOH) intoxication has become an alarming health problem. Within 6 hours, ChREBP acetylation and its recruitment onto target gene promoters were increased in liver of EtOH-fed mice. Acetylation of ChREBP was dependent on alcohol metabolism because inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity blunted ChREBP EtOH-induced acetylation in mouse hepatocytes. Transfection of an acetylation-defective mutant of ChREBP (ChREBP(K672A) ) in HepG2 cells impaired the stimulatory effect of EtOH on ChREBP activity. Importantly, ChREBP silencing in the liver of EtOH-fed mice prevented alcohol-induced triglyceride accumulation through an inhibition of the lipogenic pathway but also led, unexpectedly, to hypothermia, increased blood acetaldehyde concentrations, and enhanced lethality. This phenotype was associated with impaired hepatic EtOH metabolism as a consequence of reduced ADH activity. While the expression and activity of the NAD(+) dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1, a ChREBP-negative target, were down-regulated in the liver of alcohol-fed mice, they were restored to control levels upon ChREBP silencing. In turn, ADH acetylation was reduced, suggesting that ChREBP regulates EtOH metabolism and ADH activity through its direct control of sirtuin 1 expression. Indeed, when sirtuin 1 activity was rescued by resveratrol pretreatment in EtOH-treated hepatocytes, a significant decrease in ADH protein content and/or acetylation was observed. CONCLUSION our study describes a novel role for ChREBP in EtOH metabolism and unravels its protective effect against severe intoxication in response to binge drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solenne Marmier
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Renaud Dentin
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Martine Daujat-Chavanieu
- INSERM, U1040, Institut de Recherche en Biothérapie, Montpellier, France.,Université Montpellier 1, UMR 1040, Montpellier, France.,CHU Montpellier, Institut de Recherche en Biothérapie, Montpellier, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- INRA-ToxAlim, Toxicologie Intégrative et Métabolisme, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Sabine Gerbal-Chaloin
- INSERM, U1040, Institut de Recherche en Biothérapie, Montpellier, France.,Université Montpellier 1, UMR 1040, Montpellier, France.,CHU Montpellier, Institut de Recherche en Biothérapie, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Girard
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- Inserm UMR 1149-Center for Research on Inflammation, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Lons A, Arnould A, Pommepuy T, Drumez E, Girard J. Excellent short-term results of hip resurfacing in a selected population of young patients. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2015; 101:661-5. [PMID: 26362039 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hip resurfacing (HR) is an alternative option to total hip arthroplasty (THA) in a population of selected patients (young and/or active). HYPOTHESIS The short-term survivorship rate is as least as good as that for THA with no abnormal increase in serum metal ion levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS A continuous prospective series of 502 hip resurfacings in 481 patients mean age 48.7 years old (±10.3; 18-68) (Conserve Plus, Wright Medical Technology) was analyzed clinically, radiologically and biologically (total blood chrome, cobalt and titanium metal ion levels). Mean follow up was 4.1 years (1.9-4.9). RESULTS There were no dislocations. There were 5 cases of revision surgery with component replacement (including 2 infections). Implant survivorship using implant removal as the criteria (excluding infection) was 99.4% at 4 years (CI 95%: 98.1-99.8). The evaluation of metal ion levels showed a significant increase in cobalt from a preoperative level of 0.24 μg/L (0.01-3.6) to 0.86 μg/L (0.01-5.7) at the final follow-up (P<0.001). Chrome and titanium levels went from 0.68 μg/L (0.01-4.4) and 2.36 μg/L (0.39-7) to 1.28 μg/L (0.1-5.5) and 4.49 μg/L (1.29-8.21) respectively (P<0.001). All clinical scores had significantly improved at the final follow-up. Mean frontal plane cup inclination was 42.7° (35-62). DISCUSSION In a selected population of young and/or active patients, the short-term results of hip resurfacing are excellent. At the postoperative 4-year follow-up the rate of complications (in particular the absence of dislocations) was less than that for THA in young and/or active patients. Certain conditions must be respected to obtain these results; frontal plane cup inclination of between 40 and 45°, a femoral head diameter of at least 48 mm and good quality femoral bone. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lons
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, place de Verdun, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Arnould
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie D, hôpital Salengro, place de Verdun, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - T Pommepuy
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, place de Verdun, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - E Drumez
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Unité biostatistiques pôle santé publique, maison régionale de la recherche clinique, CERIM, 154, rue du Docteur-Yersin, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Département de médecine du sport, faculté de médecine de Lille, université de Lille 2, Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, place de Verdun, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
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Arnould A, Boureau F, Benad K, Pasquier G, Migaud H, Girard J. Computed tomography evaluation of hip geometry restoration after total hip resurfacing. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2015; 101:571-5. [PMID: 26148967 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anatomic reconstruction of the hip is among the main requirements for hip arthroplasty to be successful. Resurfacing arthroplasty may improve replication of the native joint geometry but has been evaluated only using standard radiographs. We therefore performed a computed tomography (CT) study to assess restoration of hip geometry after total hip resurfacing (HR), comparatively with the non-operated side. HYPOTHESIS HR does not change native extra-medullary hip geometry by more than 5mm and/or 5°. PATIENTS AND METHODS CT was used to evaluate unilateral HR in 75 patients with a mean age of 52.2years (range, 22-67years). The normal non-operated side served as the control in each patient. Mean follow-up was 2.5years (range, 1.9-3.1years). The primary evaluation criteria were femoral offset (FO) and femoral neck anteversion (FNA) and the secondary criteria were cup inclination angle, cup anteversion angle, and lower-limb length. RESULTS FO showed a non-significant decrease (mean, -2.2mm; range, -4.5 to +3.7mm). FNA was preserved, with a difference of less than 2° at last follow-up versus the preoperative value. Cup measurements showed a mean anteversion angle of 24.8° (0.9-48.6) and mean inclination angle of 44.1° (32.1-56.3); corresponding values for the native acetabulum were 38.9° (20.5-54.8) and 24.8° (4.8-33.6). The residual lower-limb length discrepancy was less than 1mm (mean, -0.04mm [-1.2 to +1.6mm]). The mean angle between the femoral implant and the femoral neck axis was 5.4° of valgus. DISCUSSION Our results show that HR accurately restored the native extra-medullary hip geometry. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, prospective diagnostic case-control study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arnould
- Service orthopédie D, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 2, avenue Oscar-Lambret, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Université Lille-Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - F Boureau
- Service orthopédie D, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 2, avenue Oscar-Lambret, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Université Lille-Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France
| | - K Benad
- Service orthopédie D, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 2, avenue Oscar-Lambret, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Université Lille-Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Pasquier
- Service orthopédie D, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 2, avenue Oscar-Lambret, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Université Lille-Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France
| | - H Migaud
- Université Lille-Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service orthopédie C, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 2, avenue Oscar-Lambret, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - J Girard
- Université Lille-Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; Service orthopédie C, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 2, avenue Oscar-Lambret, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Domaine médecine et sport, faculté de médecine de Lille 2, 59037 Lille cedex, France
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Rabiller-Baudry M, Bouzin A, Hallery C, Girard J, Leperoux C. Evidencing the chemical degradation of a hydrophilised PES ultrafiltration membrane despite protein fouling. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Enjolras N, Perot E, Le Quellec S, Indalecio A, Girard J, Negrier C, Dargaud Y. In vivo efficacy of human recombinant factor IX produced by the human hepatoma cell line HuH-7. Haemophilia 2015; 21:e317-21. [PMID: 25981983 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Post-translational modifications of the CHO-cell-derived-recombinant human factor IX (FIX) currently used for the treatment of hemophilia B (HB) are different from plasma derived FIX. Our previous studies described a rFIX (HIX) having better profile of post-translational modifications than rFIX produced by CHO cells. The aim of the study consisted to verify the improved post-translational modifications effect of HIX on in vivo recovery. MATERIALS AND METHODS HIX has been produced in a bioreactor and then purified from supernatants. In vitro activation and activity were evaluated measured by thrombin generation tests (TGT) and compared to commercial molecules, Benefix(®) , Mononine(®) . The three molecules were then administrated (i.v.) to FIX-knockout mice and two minutes after injection, blood samples were collected and subjected to human FIX-specific-ELISA and TGT. RESULTS The clotting function of HIX, activation courses of HIX by FXIa and FVIIa-TF complex appear normal as did activation of Benefix(®) , Mononine(®) and TG constants of each FIX were equivalent. After injection to HB mice, circulating HIX did not present any significant difference in term of antigen value with Benefix(®) . Intriguingly, TGT were clearly exhibiting a better velocity for HIX than Benefix(®) and Mononine(®) . These data suggested that HIX may improve in vivo coagulant efficacy in comparison with the two commercial FIX injected at the same dose. CONCLUSION The study shows that HuH-7-derived-rFIX has better in vivo haemostatic activity in hemophilia B mice compared to the reference rFIX molecule despite similar in vivo recovery rates, suggesting that HuH-7 cells could represent an effective cellular system for production of rFIX.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Enjolras
- Unite Hemostase, Inflammation and Sepsis EA 4174, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Universite Lyon 1-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - E Perot
- Unite Hemostase, Inflammation and Sepsis EA 4174, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Universite Lyon 1-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - S Le Quellec
- Unite Hemostase, Inflammation and Sepsis EA 4174, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Universite Lyon 1-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - A Indalecio
- Unite Hemostase, Inflammation and Sepsis EA 4174, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Universite Lyon 1-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - J Girard
- Unite Hemostase, Inflammation and Sepsis EA 4174, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Universite Lyon 1-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - C Negrier
- Unite Hemostase, Inflammation and Sepsis EA 4174, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Universite Lyon 1-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Y Dargaud
- Unite Hemostase, Inflammation and Sepsis EA 4174, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Universite Lyon 1-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Truy E, Morgon A, Collet L, Chanal JM, Jonas AM, Girard J, Berger-Vachon C. Is the round-window electrical test possible in children? Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 48:114-9. [PMID: 8273464 DOI: 10.1159/000422569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Truy
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie, Hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France
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Vasseur L, Ayoub B, Mesnil P, Pasquier G, Migaud H, Girard J. Femoral lengthening during hip resurfacing arthroplasty: a new surgical procedure. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2015; 101:247-9. [PMID: 25755066 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Correction of leg length discrepancy during hip arthroplasty is a technical challenge. Although resurfacing proposed to young subjects presents a number of advantages (stability, bone stock, etc.), it does not correct leg length discrepancy. We propose an original femoral lengthening technique concomitant to resurfacing performed through the same approach, consisting in a Z-shaped subtrochanteric osteotomy. Resurfacing was performed first and the femoral and acetabular reaming material was used for autografting. The series comprised five cases followed for a mean 42.2 months (range, 33-64 months). The mean surgical time was 100 min (range, 76-124 min). Weightbearing was authorized in all cases at the 8th week. The mean lengthening was 32 mm (range, 25-40 mm). Healing was observed in all cases. This surgical technique, reserved for very young subjects who accept an 8-week postoperative period without weightbearing, can be proposed in cases with substantial preoperative leg length discrepancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vasseur
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - B Ayoub
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - P Mesnil
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Pasquier
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie D, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - H Migaud
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J Girard
- Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Salengro, CHU de Lille, place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France; Département de médecine du sport, faculté de médecine de Lille, université de Lille 2, Lille, France
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Affiliation(s)
- J Girard
- Service d'orthopédie traumatologie, hôpital Roger-Salengro, 2, avenue Oscar-Lambret, 59037 Lille, France.
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Henique C, Mansouri A, Vavrova E, Lenoir V, Ferry A, Esnous C, Ramond E, Girard J, Bouillaud F, Prip‐Buus C, Cohen I. Increasing mitochondrial muscle fatty acid oxidation induces skeletal muscle remodeling toward an oxidative phenotype. FASEB J 2015; 29:2473-83. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-257717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carole Henique
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Abdelhak Mansouri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Eliska Vavrova
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Véronique Lenoir
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Arnaud Ferry
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
- INSERM U974, CNRS UMR 7215Université Pierre et Marie Curie UMRS 974Institut de MyologieParisFrance
| | - Catherine Esnous
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Elodie Ramond
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Jean Girard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Frédéric Bouillaud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Carina Prip‐Buus
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Isabelle Cohen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)U1016Institut CochinParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8104ParisFrance
- Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
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Parker Cote J, O'Rourke D, Brewer K, Lertpiriyapong K, Girard J, Bush S, Miller S, Punja M, Meggs W. EMF-388 Efficacy of Trypsin in Treating Coral Snake Envenomation in the Porcine Model. Ann Emerg Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Postic C, Iroz A, Benhamed F, Alexandra M, Guillou H, Girard J. O24 Régulation différentielle de FGF21 dans le foie par les facteurs ChREBP et PPARα au cours de la transition jeûne-réalimentation. Diabetes & Metabolism 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1262-3636(14)72198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ayuk R, Giovannini H, Jost A, Mudry E, Girard J, Mangeat T, Sandeau N, Heintzmann R, Wicker K, Belkebir K, Sentenac A. Structured illumination fluorescence microscopy with distorted excitations using a filtered blind-SIM algorithm. Opt Lett 2013; 38:4723-6. [PMID: 24322116 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.004723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is a powerful technique for obtaining super-resolved fluorescence maps of samples, but it is very sensitive to aberrations or misalignments affecting the excitation patterns. Here, we present a reconstruction algorithm that is able to process SIM data even if the illuminations are strongly distorted. The approach is an extension of the recent blind-SIM technique, which reconstructs simultaneously the sample and the excitation patterns without a priori information on the latter. Our algorithm was checked on synthetic and experimental data using distorted and nondistorted illuminations. The reconstructions were similar to that obtained by up-to-date SIM methods when the illuminations were periodic and remained artifact-free when the illuminations were strongly distorted.
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Dacheux C, Bocquet D, Migaud H, Girard J. Incidental discovery of an undisplaced ceramic liner fracture at total hip arthroplasty revision for squeaking. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2013; 99:631-4. [PMID: 23911133 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Squeaking has been reported after ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty (THA), but its pathomechanics is not fully understood. Impaired lubrication is suspected to be the main reason. The management of patients impacted by this phenomenon is not well defined and, as it is not considered to be cause for alarm, revision is not strongly recommended. Here, we describe a ceramic insert fracture discovered during revision surgery performed to correct severe squeaking. Preoperative investigation (plain X-rays, ultrasound and computed tomography) did not reveal ceramic fracture or definite component malposition. To date, there are no other published cases of incidental discovery of a bearing component fracture during revision of ceramic-on-ceramic hip replacement due to squeaking. We believe that squeaking is not a trivial phenomenon and recommend careful management of patients suffering with this symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dacheux
- Service d'orthopédie C, hôpital Roger-Salengro, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
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Filhoulaud G, Guilmeau S, Dentin R, Girard J, Postic C. Novel insights into ChREBP regulation and function. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:257-68. [PMID: 23597489 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glucose is an energy source that also controls the expression of key genes involved in energetic metabolism through the glucose-signaling transcription factor carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP). ChREBP has recently emerged as a central regulator of glycolysis and de novo fatty acid synthesis in liver, but new evidence shows that it plays a broader and crucial role in various processes, ranging from glucolipotoxicity to apoptosis and/or proliferation in specific cell types. However, several aspects of ChREBP activation by glucose metabolites are currently controversial, as well as the effects of activating or inhibiting ChREBP, on insulin sensitivity, which might depend on genetic, dietary or environmental factors. Thus, much remains to be elucidated. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the regulation and function of this fascinating transcription factor.
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Leclercq S, Lavigne M, Girard J, Chiron P, Vendittoli PA. Durom hip resurfacing system: retrospective study of 644 cases with an average follow-up of 34 months. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2013; 99:273-9. [PMID: 23562709 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The performance of second-generation metal-on-metal bearings has led to the reintroduction of hip resurfacing. The goal of this multicentre study was to evaluate the short-term radiological and clinical outcomes with the Durom hip resurfacing system. HYPOTHESIS The Durom hip-resurfacing system will have similar results to other hip resurfacing systems and traditional hip arthroplasty implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the four participating centers, 580 patients (406 men, 174 women) and 644 hips were included. The average patient age was 48 years (range 16-77). A posterolateral surgical approach was used in 357 cases; a Hardinge-type approach was used in 182 cases and a Rottinger-type approach in 105. RESULTS After an average follow-up of 34 months, 31 hips (4.8%) had been revised. The reasons for revision were the following: 10 (1.6%) neck fracture (seven with Rottinger operative approach, one with Hardinge approach and one with posterolateral approach); 12 (1.9%) femoral loosening (four with lateral approach and eight with posterolateral approach); four (0.6%) acetabular cup migration; three (0.5%) unexplained pain; one (0.2%) adverse reaction to metal debris; one (0.2%) infection. Four hips (0.6%) dislocated but without recurrence - all were operated using the Hardinge approach. The 613 hips that were not operated on again had satisfactory clinical results; the Merle d'Aubigné score was 17.2 (range 12-18) and the WOMAC score was 91 (range 20-100). The five-year survival rate was 91% (95% CI: 87-94%). Based on radiographs, the average cup inclination was 44.4° (range 30 to 70°). The femoral offset was reduced by an average of 2.4mm (-31 to 23 mm) and the leg length had increased by an average of 0.8mm (-15 to 19 mm) relative to the other side, which was prosthesis-free. None of the non-revised implants showed any signs of loosening. DISCUSSION This multicentre evaluation revealed that the Durom revision rate was slightly higher than the rate with other hip resurfacing systems and traditional total hip arthroplasty. Although the Durom system displayed excellent tribological performance, the differences relative to other implants may be attributed to the challenges associated with impaction, related to the geometry and design of the cup, and to precarious primary fixation. The choice of surgical exposure and implantation technique was an important factor in the survival of the implant. LEVEL OF PROOF Level IV - Retrospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leclercq
- St Martin Hospital Center, 18, rue Rocquemonts, 14000 Caen, France
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Girard J. Alfred Jost : le père de l'endocrinologie du développement. Med Sci (Paris) 2013. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/4341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Ducharne G, Girard J, Pasquier G, Migaud H, Senneville E. Hip prosthesis infection related to an unchecked intrauterine contraceptive device: a case report. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2013; 99:111-4. [PMID: 23238208 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine devices (IUD) used for contraception can be the source of local infections or can migrate, which justifies regular checking recommendations and limitations around the implantation period. To our knowledge, bone and joint infections related to an infected IUD have not been described in the scientific literature. This paper reports on a case of the repeated infection of a total hip prosthesis related to an infected IUD that had been forgotten after being implanted 34years previously. The arthroplasty infection revealed itself through dislocation of a dual mobility cup. Commensal bacteria that colonize the female genital tract (Streptococcus agalactiae) were identified at the site of hip arthroplasty. This led to the discovery of the IUD that was infected by the same bacterium. Despite lavage of the non-loosened arthroplasty, removal of the IUD and 2months of antibiotic treatment, the dislocation recurred and the prosthesis was again infected with the same microorganism 4months later. This recurrence of the infection, with persistence of a uterine abscess containing the same bacterium, was treated with repeated lavage of the joint, total hysterectomy and antibiotics treatment. The infection had resolved when followed-up 3years later. The occurrence of a bone and joint infection with this type of bacterium should trigger the evaluation of a possible IUD infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ducharne
- Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Department, Western Paris Region Private Hospital, 14, avenue Castiglione-Del-Lago, 78190 Trappes, France
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Girard J, Scherrer G, Cattoni A, Le Moal E, Talneau A, Cluzel B, de Fornel F, Sentenac A. Far-field optical control of a movable subdiffraction light grid. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:187404. [PMID: 23215328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.187404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate experimentally a subdiffraction light pattern, with a period down to 150 nm, at the surface of an optimized silicon nanostructured thin film. We show, using near-field and far-field characterization, that this subdiffraction pattern can be translated and rotated just by changing the illumination angle. The movable high frequency light pattern paves the way for subdiffraction resolution surface imaging microscopy without scanning near-field probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Girard
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Girard J, Baril A, Mineau P, Fahrig L. Foraging habitat and diet of Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia) nesting in farmland: a stable isotope approach. CAN J ZOOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1139/z2012-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural intensification has been linked to declines in farmland and grassland bird populations in Europe and in North America. One factor thought to be behind these declines is reduced invertebrate food abundance in the breeding season, leading to reduced reproductive success. However, little is known about foraging habitat or diet of farmland birds in North America. We used stable isotopes to study foraging habitat and diet of Song Sparrows ( Melospiza melodia (A. Wilson, 1810)), a common hedgerow-breeding bird, by collecting claw clippings of Song Sparrow nestlings from farms in eastern Ontario, Canada. Mean values of δ13C and δ15N were compared between claws and invertebrate food sources from adjacent land-cover types, using a Bayesian mixing model. The portion of nestling diet that came from seminatural and forage habitats was higher than expected, based on the proportion of seminatural and forage cover at the nest. This was particularly evident at nests with low seminatural cover, where hedgerows were the only noncrop habitat. The most important food sources for Song Sparrow nestlings were hoppers (Auchenorrhyncha) and caterpillars (Lepidoptera). Management actions to increase invertebrate abundance in hedgerows may benefit Song Sparrows and other farmland birds with minimal impact on crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Girard
- Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Laboratory, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A. Baril
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - P. Mineau
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - L. Fahrig
- Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Laboratory, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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Benhamed F, Denechaud PD, Lemoine M, Robichon C, Moldes M, Bertrand-Michel J, Ratziu V, Serfaty L, Housset C, Capeau J, Girard J, Guillou H, Postic C. The lipogenic transcription factor ChREBP dissociates hepatic steatosis from insulin resistance in mice and humans. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:2176-94. [PMID: 22546860 DOI: 10.1172/jci41636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with all features of the metabolic syndrome. Although deposition of excess triglycerides within liver cells, a hallmark of NAFLD, is associated with a loss of insulin sensitivity, it is not clear which cellular abnormality arises first. We have explored this in mice overexpressing carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP). On a standard diet, mice overexpressing ChREBP remained insulin sensitive, despite increased expression of genes involved in lipogenesis/fatty acid esterification and resultant hepatic steatosis (simple fatty liver). Lipidomic analysis revealed that the steatosis was associated with increased accumulation of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). In primary cultures of mouse hepatocytes, ChREBP overexpression induced expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) into MUFAs. SFA impairment of insulin-responsive Akt phosphorylation was therefore rescued by the elevation of Scd1 levels upon ChREBP overexpression, whereas pharmacological or shRNA-mediated reduction of Scd1 activity decreased the beneficial effect of ChREBP on Akt phosphorylation. Importantly, ChREBP-overexpressing mice fed a high-fat diet showed normal insulin levels and improved insulin signaling and glucose tolerance compared with controls, despite having greater hepatic steatosis. Finally, ChREBP expression in liver biopsies from patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis was increased when steatosis was greater than 50% and decreased in the presence of severe insulin resistance. Together, these results demonstrate that increased ChREBP can dissociate hepatic steatosis from insulin resistance, with beneficial effects on both glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Collins M, Lavigne M, Girard J, Vendittoli PA. Joint perception after hip or knee replacement surgery. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2012; 98:275-80. [PMID: 22459101 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2011.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knee and hip arthroplasties are recognized as being effective. However, subjects with a prosthetic joint rarely report returned sensation comparable to their native joint. HYPOTHESIS Joint perception by patients following hip joint replacement is better than following knee replacement and in both cases this perception is directly related to the clinical results measured with currently validated scores. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patient joint perception in prosthetic reconstruction was evaluated in 347 patients, 46 who underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), 119 tricompartmental knee arthroplasty (TKA), 93 hip resurfacing (HR), and 89 total hip arthroplasty (THA). The subjects' joint perception, their satisfaction, and the WOMAC clinical score were recorded and compared. RESULTS Joint perception was significantly worse for knee arthroplasties (TKA and UKA) compared to hip arthroplasties (THA or HR) (P<0.001). The WOMAC score was also significantly less favorable for knee arthroplasties than for hip arthroplasties (P<0.0001). However, there was no significant difference for the clinical scores between TKA and UKA as well as between HR and THA. Joint perception was strongly correlated with the WOMAC score for all groups (R(2)=0.951). DISCUSSION No difference was found after more conservative surgeries such as HR or UKA compared to traditional arthroplasty procedures (THA or TKA). Demonstrating inferior results in comparison to the hip, knee arthroplasties deserve particular attention and can still be improved. The assessment of joint perception used in this study can be considered a valuable clinical tool that is strongly correlated to validated, but more complex to apply, clinical scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Collins
- Departement of orthopaedic, McGill university, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Miletic B, May O, Krantz N, Girard J, Pasquier G, Migaud H. De-escalation exchange of loosened locked revision stems to a primary stem design: complications, stem fixation and bone reconstruction in 15 cases. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2012; 98:138-43. [PMID: 22340994 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Femoral stem revision with a locked stem after total hip arthroplasties treats severe bone defects by favoring spontaneous bone reconstruction. Initially, once reconstruction was obtained, the temporary implant was to be replaced by a standard primary component. The use of locked stems has increased, but repeat revision with a short stem which is also called "de-escalation" has not been extensively studied. HYPOTHESIS Repeat revision of a locked stem with a short stem is not associated with any specific morbidity and does not affect the quality of reconstruction obtained, or fixation of the subsequent standard length primary design stem. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifteen patients whose locked femoral stem was exchanged due to thigh pain and/or radiographic images showing failed osteointegration were analyzed. These 15 patients were all followed-up and evaluated by the Postel Merle d'Aubigné score. Progression of bone defects was evaluated using the Hofmann cortical index. RESULTS There were no difficulties extracting the locked stem and a standard length primary stem was inserted with no associated procedures or bone complications in any of the cases. At a mean follow-up of 55 months (36-84months), thigh pain had disappeared and the Postel Merle d'Aubigné score had increased from 12.6±2.9 (7-16) to 16.5±0.9 (15-18) (P=0.0001). The use of a locked femoral stem resulted in bone reconstruction in all cases, the Hofmann index increased from 30.5%±17.9% (12-71%) before insertion of the locked stem to 43.6%±25.6% (19-90%) at exchange (P<0.05). Bone reconstruction was durable after the exchange with a stable Hofmann index 43.7%±26.2% (17-92%) at the final follow-up (P=0.9). No recurrent loosening occurred. DISCUSSION Revision of a loosened locked femoral stem with a standard design primary stem does not result in any specific increased morbidity, or modify bone reconstruction obtained with the locked stem and results in stable fixation of a new standard length stem. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: retrospective or historical series.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Miletic
- Lille North of France University, 59000 Lille, France.
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Pansard E, Fouilleron N, Dereudre G, Migaud H, Girard J. Severe corrosion after malpositioning of a metallic head over the Morse taper of a cementless hip arthroplasty. A case report. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2012; 98:247-50. [PMID: 22386704 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2011.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Morse tapers are frequently used in total hip replacement to achieve precise adjustment of lengths and femoral offset. Mechanically, they do not raise any specific problems so long as strict positioning requirements are observed and elements from different manufacturers are not mixed together. We report a case in which the implant induced unexplained pain at 2 years, in relation to a defective fit between the metallic head and the Morse taper. Asymmetric partial fit of the head onto the taper was detected on control X-ray and was implicated as causing metallosis due to excessive release of metal debris from the Morse taper. Revision required femoral stem exchange because of the damage to the Morse taper as well as replacing the cup with new metal-metal bearings. Evolution was favorable at 3 years' follow-up. Most hip replacements include a Morse taper; the present clinical case is a reminder that strict positioning rules are to be respected, without which corrosion and wear may lead to mechanical failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pansard
- Lille Nord de France University, 59000 Lille, France.
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Monsénégo J, Mansouri A, Akkaoui M, Lenoir V, Esnous C, Fauveau V, Tavernier V, Girard J, Prip-Buus C. Enhancing liver mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation capacity in obese mice improves insulin sensitivity independently of hepatic steatosis. J Hepatol 2012; 56:632-9. [PMID: 22037024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Despite major public health concern, therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver, the liver manifestation of the metabolic syndrome often associated with insulin resistance (IR), remains elusive. Strategies aiming to decrease liver lipogenesis effectively corrected hepatic steatosis and IR in obese animals. However, they also indirectly increased mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid oxidation (mFAO) by decreasing malonyl-CoA, a lipogenic intermediate, which is the allosteric inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1A), the key enzyme of mFAO. We thus addressed whether enhancing hepatic mFAO capacity, through a direct modulation of liver CPT1A/malonyl-CoA partnership, can reverse an already established hepatic steatosis and IR in obese mice. METHODS Adenovirus-mediated liver expression of a malonyl-CoA-insensitive CPT1A (CPT1mt) in high-fat/high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet-induced or genetically (ob/ob) obese mice was followed by metabolic and physiological investigations. RESULTS In association with increased hepatic mFAO capacity, liver CPT1mt expression improved glucose tolerance and insulin response to a glucose load in HF/HS and ob/ob mice, showing increased insulin sensitivity, and corrected IR in ob/ob mice. Surprisingly, hepatic steatosis was not affected in CPT1mt-expressing obese mice, indicating a clear dissociation between hepatic steatosis and IR. Moreover, liver CPT1mt expression rescued HF/HS-induced impaired hepatic insulin signaling at the level of IRS-1, IRS-2, Akt, and GSK-3β, most likely through the observed decrease in the HF/HS-induced accumulation of lipotoxic lipids, oxidative stress, and JNK activation. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing hepatic mFAO capacity is sufficient to reverse a state of IR and glucose intolerance in obese mice independently of hepatic steatosis.
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Girard J, Krantz N, Bocquet D, Wavreille G, Migaud H. Femoral head to neck offset after hip resurfacing is critical for range of motion. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2012; 27:165-9. [PMID: 21925779 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Range of motion after hip arthroplasty may be limited by soft tissues around the hip, extra-articular contact and femoral stem-neck contact with the acetabular articular surface. Femoral head-neck diameter ratio is recognized as a major factor influencing hip range of motion. In hip resurfacing, range of motion is constrained by "cup component to femoral neck" contact. To avoid cup-to-bone contact or to increase the degree of flexion at which it occurs, anterior translation of the femoral component relative to the central femoral neck axis may improve anterior head-neck offset and hip flexion. We questioned whether low or high anterior femoral head to neck offset, cup inclination, stem anteversion, and component size influenced postoperative range of motion and hip flexion in patients who had undergone hip resurfacing. METHODS We prospectively followed 66 patients (68 hips) who underwent hip resurfacing at a mean age at operation of 46.4 years (range, 19-60 years). Mean follow-up was 37.5 months (range, 33-41 months). No patient was lost to follow-up. All patients were evaluated clinically and range of motion was precised. Radiological measurement evaluated the anterior femoral head-neck offset. FINDINGS Mean anterior neck-head offset was 7.5mm (range, 5-12 mm). We found significant linear regression correlation between anterior offset and flexion (R=0.66) and between anterior offset and global range of motion (R=0.51). One millimeter of anterior offset increased hip range of motion by 5° in flexion. No significant correlations were found between global range of motion or flexion arc of motion and component size, stem anteversion, cup inclination, gender ratio, preoperative arc of flexion or global range of motion. INTERPRETATION Restoring or improving deficient anterior femoral head-neck offset appears important for restoring postoperative range of motion and specifically hip flexion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Girard
- University Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Dentin R, Tomas-Cobos L, Foufelle F, Leopold J, Girard J, Postic C, Ferré P. Glucose 6-phosphate, rather than xylulose 5-phosphate, is required for the activation of ChREBP in response to glucose in the liver. J Hepatol 2012; 56:199-209. [PMID: 21835137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In liver, the glucose-responsive transcription factor ChREBP plays a critical role in converting excess carbohydrates into triglycerides through de novo lipogenesis. Although the importance of ChREBP in glucose sensing and hepatic energy utilization is strongly supported, the mechanism driving its activation in response to glucose in the liver is not fully understood. Indeed, the current model of ChREBP activation, which depends on Serine 196 and Threonine 666 dephosphorylation, phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity, and xylulose 5-phosphate (X5P) as a signaling metabolite, has been challenged. METHODS We inhibited PP2A activity in HepG2 cells through the overexpression of SV40 small t antigen and addressed the importance of ChREBP dephosphorylation on Ser-196 using a phospho-specific antibody. To identify the exact nature of the metabolite signal required for ChREBP activity in liver, we focused on the importance of G6P synthesis in liver cells, through the modulation of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway in hepatocytes, and in HepG2 cells using both adenoviral and siRNA approaches. RESULTS In contrast to the current proposed model, our study reports that PP2A activity is dispensable for ChREBP activation in response to glucose and that dephosphorylation on Ser-196 is not sufficient to promote ChREBP nuclear translocation in the absence of a rise in glucose metabolism. By deciphering the respective roles of G6P and X5P as signaling metabolites, our study reveals that G6P produced by GK, but not X5P, is essential for both ChREBP nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity in response to glucose in liver cells. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our study, by reporting that G6P is the glucose-signaling metabolite, challenges the PP2A/X5P-dependent model currently described for ChREBP activation in response to glucose in liver.
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Dubuquoy C, Robichon C, Lasnier F, Langlois C, Dugail I, Foufelle F, Girard J, Burnol AF, Postic C, Moldes M. Distinct regulation of adiponutrin/PNPLA3 gene expression by the transcription factors ChREBP and SREBP1c in mouse and human hepatocytes. J Hepatol 2011; 55:145-53. [PMID: 21145868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The adiponutrin/PNPLA3 (patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3) variant I148M has recently emerged as an important marker of human fatty liver disease. In order to understand the role of the adiponutrin/PNPLA3 protein, we investigated the regulation of its expression in both human and mouse hepatocytes. METHODS Adiponutrin/PNPLA3 and lipogenic enzyme expression was determined by real-time PCR analysis in a wide panel of analysis in vivo in the mouse liver and in vitro in murine hepatocytes and human hepatocyte cell lines infected with ChREBP or SREBP1c-expressing adenoviruses. RESULTS We show that in the mouse liver, adiponutrin/PNPLA3 gene expression is under the direct transcriptional control of ChREBP (carbohydrate-response element-binding protein) and SREBP1c (sterol regulatory element binding protein1c) in response to glucose and insulin, respectively. In silico analysis revealed the presence of a ChoRE (carbohydrate response element) and of a SRE (sterol response element) binding site on the mouse adiponutrin/PNPLA3 gene promoter. Point mutation analysis in reporter gene assays identified the functional response of these two binding sites in the mouse adiponutrin/PNPLA3 promoter. In contrast, in human immortalized hepatocytes and in HepG2 hepatoma cells, only SREBP1c was able to induce adiponutrin/PNPLA3 expression, whereas ChREBP was unable to modulate its expression. CONCLUSIONS All together, our results suggest that adiponutrin/PNPLA3 is regulated by two key factors of the glycolytic and lipogenic pathways, raising the question of its implication in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids.
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Guinez C, Filhoulaud G, Rayah-Benhamed F, Marmier S, Dubuquoy C, Dentin R, Moldes M, Burnol AF, Yang X, Lefebvre T, Girard J, Postic C. O-GlcNAcylation increases ChREBP protein content and transcriptional activity in the liver. Diabetes 2011; 60:1399-413. [PMID: 21471514 PMCID: PMC3292313 DOI: 10.2337/db10-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcription factor that mediates the effects of glucose on glycolytic and lipogenic genes in the liver. We have previously reported that liver-specific inhibition of ChREBP prevents hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice by specifically decreasing lipogenic rates in vivo. To better understand the regulation of ChREBP activity in the liver, we investigated the implication of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc or O-GlcNAcylation), an important glucose-dependent posttranslational modification playing multiple roles in transcription, protein stabilization, nuclear localization, and signal transduction. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS O-GlcNAcylation is highly dynamic through the action of two enzymes: the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which transfers the monosaccharide to serine/threonine residues on a target protein, and the O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which hydrolyses the sugar. To modulate ChREBP(OG) in vitro and in vivo, the OGT and OGA enzymes were overexpressed or inhibited via adenoviral approaches in mouse hepatocytes and in the liver of C57BL/6J or obese db/db mice. RESULTS Our study shows that ChREBP interacts with OGT and is subjected to O-GlcNAcylation in liver cells. O-GlcNAcylation stabilizes the ChREBP protein and increases its transcriptional activity toward its target glycolytic (L-PK) and lipogenic genes (ACC, FAS, and SCD1) when combined with an active glucose flux in vivo. Indeed, OGT overexpression significantly increased ChREBP(OG) in liver nuclear extracts from fed C57BL/6J mice, leading in turn to enhanced lipogenic gene expression and to excessive hepatic triglyceride deposition. In the livers of hyperglycemic obese db/db mice, ChREBP(OG) levels were elevated compared with controls. Interestingly, reducing ChREBP(OG) levels via OGA overexpression decreased lipogenic protein content (ACC, FAS), prevented hepatic steatosis, and improved the lipidic profile of OGA-treated db/db mice. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results reveal that O-GlcNAcylation represents an important novel regulation of ChREBP activity in the liver under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Guinez
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Filhoulaud
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Fadila Rayah-Benhamed
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Solenne Marmier
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Céline Dubuquoy
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Renaud Dentin
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marthe Moldes
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Françoise Burnol
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tony Lefebvre
- Unit of Structural and Functional Glycobiology, UMR 8576, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Jean Girard
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
- Corresponding author: Catherine Postic,
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Marchetti E, Krantz N, Berton C, Bocquet D, Fouilleron N, Migaud H, Girard J. Component impingement in total hip arthroplasty: frequency and risk factors. A continuous retrieval analysis series of 416 cup. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2011; 97:127-33. [PMID: 21377948 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impingement is a factor of failure in total hip replacement (THR), causing instability and early wear. Its true frequency is not known; cup-retrieval series reported rates varying from 27 to 84%. HYPOTHESIS The hypothesis was that a large continuous series of THR cup removals would help determine the frequency of component impingement. OBJECTIVES The hypothesis was tested on a continuous retrospective series of cups removed in a single center, with a secondary objective of identifying risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS [corrected] Macroscopic examination looked for component impingement signs in 416 cups retrieved by a single operator between 1989 and 2004. Risk factors were investigated by uni- and multivariate analyses in the 311 cases for which there were complete demographic data. In these 311 cases, removal was for aseptic loosening (131 cases), infection (43 cases), instability (56 cases), osteolysis (28 cases) or unexplained pain (48 cases); impingement was explicitly implicated in only five cases (1.6%), always with hard-on-hard bearing components. RESULTS Impingement was found in 214 of the 416 cups (51.4%) and was severe (notch>1mm) in 130 (31.3%). In the subpopulation of 311 cups, impingement was found in 184 cases (59.2%) and was severe in 109 (35%). Neither duration of implant use nor cup diameter or frontal orientation emerged as risk factors. On univariate analysis, impingement was more frequently associated with revision for instability, young patient age at THR, global hip range of motion >200° or use of an extended femoral head flange (or of an elevated antidislocation rim liner), and was more severe in case of head/neck ratio<2. On multivariate analysis, only use of an extended head flange (RR 3.2) and revision for instability (RR 4.2) remained as independent risk factors for impingement. DISCUSSION Component impingement is frequently observed in cups after removal, but is rarely found as a direct indication for revision, except in case of hard-on-hard friction couples (polyethylene being the most impingement-tolerant material). Systematic use of extended head flanges and elevated antidislocation rims is not to be recommended, especially in case of excessive ROM. A good head/neck ratio should be sought, notably by increasing the head diameter in less impingement-tolerant hard-on-hard friction couples. Although not identified as a risk factor in the present study, implant orientation should be checked; computer-assisted surgery can be useful in this regard, for adaptation to the patient's individual range-of-motion cone.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marchetti
- Lille-Nord-de-France University, 59000 Lille, France
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Girard J, Roche O, Wavreille G, Canovas F, Le Béguec P. Stem subsidence after total hip revision: 183 cases at 5.9 years follow-up. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2011; 97:121-6. [PMID: 21435964 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Secondary subsidence of a revision femoral stem is often a negative predictive sign for successful osseointegration and perfect long-term stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective study in a series of 183 revision total hip replacements between 1996 and 2000 to evaluate the importance and risk factors of secondary subsidence with a cementless press-fit design femoral stem as well as this subsidence's consequences to osseointegration. RESULTS Secondary subsidence did not occur in 80 cases (53%), was between 0 and 4mm in 41 cases (27%); between 5 and 10mm in 17 cases (12%) and was greater than 10mm in 12 cases (8%). Mean subsidence of all patients was 3mm (0-30). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between subsidence and the quality of osseointegration (P=0.03). There was no significant relationship between component diameter and stem subsidence (P=0.9). The presence of preoperative bone deficiencies did not increase the risk of secondary subsidence (P=0.2). CONCLUSION In the case of revision with press-fit stems, the importance of secondary subsidence should not be overestimated, because it usually does not negatively affect satisfactory osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Girard
- Sports and Medicine Unit, North Lille University, 59000 Lille, France.
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