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Saranjam N, Farhoodi Moghaddam M, Akbari G, Mohammadsadegh M, Farzaneh N. Effect of different dry period duration on milk components and serum metabolites, and their associations with the first conception rate in multiparous Holstein dairy cows. BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.15547/bjvm.2020-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to evaluate the effects of different dry period (DP) lengths on milk fat to protein ratio (FPR) and metabolic status – blood leptin, adiponectin and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations in dairy cows, and their associations with the result of the first timed artificial insemination (TAI). Cows were blocked either to short DP (SDP; 30±2 days; n=72) or conventional DP (CDP; 60±2 days; n=76). Milk FPR was calculated at 30 and 60 days in milk (DIM). Body condition score (BCS) was recorded at –60, –30, calving, and 60 DIM. Blood samples were obtained at –60, –30, –7, calving, +7, +30, and +60 DIM for serum metabolites measurement. TAI was implemented between 65–75 DIM for all cows. Milk FPR and its changes were statistically analysed using an independent sample t test. To assess the impact of time, the pattern of BCS, and serum metabolites on the result of the first AI, repeated measure ANOVA was used. Only FPR-30 DIM revealed significant difference between pregnant and non-pregnant cows in SDP group (P<0.01). Reduced BCS loss was observed in the SDP group and followed by slightly higher probability of pregnancy at first AI (P=0.19). Leptin was not altered by shortening the DP (P≥0.1). Significant differences were observed in blood adiponectin prepartum (P<0.001) and at +7 DIM (P<0.01), as well as in NEFA at +7 and +30 DIM between the two groups (P<0.05). Pregnant cows following the first AI had significantly high postpartum leptin concentrations (P<0.05), high prepartum adiponectin (P≤0.001), and lower NEFA at +7 DIM (P<0.01) in the SDP group. In conclusion, shortening the dry period caused reduced BCS loss postpartum and variations in serum metabolits that favoured the possibility of pregnancy at first AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Saranjam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Farhoodi Moghaddam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gh. Akbari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Mohammadsadegh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran
| | - N. Farzaneh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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López-Gatius F. Ovarian response to prostaglandin F 2α in lactating dairy cows: a clinical update. J Reprod Dev 2021; 68:104-109. [PMID: 34980770 PMCID: PMC8979807 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2021-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and its analogs are used to induce luteolysis in estrus synchronization programs to terminate unwanted pregnancies or to promote ovulation in certain cow subpopulations. In the past few decades, the luteolytic dose of PGF2α has remained unchanged. This review explores the clinical implications of increasing the standard dose for these applications in high-producing dairy cows. Ultrasonography may assist in selecting the most appropriate PGF2α dose and improve the results. A reference has been used for PGF2α for promoting ovulation in herds showing poor reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando López-Gatius
- Agrotecnio Centre, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.,Transfer in Bovine Reproduction SLu, 22300 Barbastro, Spain
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Antane V, Lusis I, Sematovica I, Waldmann A, Kanska I, Mangale M, Ringa-Osleja G, Lidaks M. Factors influencing multiple ovulation in dairy cows from Latvian brown, Latvian blue, and Danish red breeds at risk in Latvia. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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SARANJAM NAVID, MOGHADDAM MEHRANFARHOODI, AKBARI GHASEM, MOHAMMADSADEGH MAJID, FARZANEH NIMA. Associations between milk fat, protein and fat-to-protein ratio with some reproductive indices in dairy cows. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v90i5.104622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum induced lipolysis by negative energy balance (NEB) causing an increase in milk fat, a decrease in milk protein, and as a consequence an increase in milk fat to protein ratio (FPR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between milk FPR and first service conception risk (FSCR), days to first service (DFS) and calving to conception interval at first service (CCIFS). Therefore, milk and reproduction data of 1,375 primiparous and multiparous Holstein dairy cows from 10 commercial dairy farms located on sub-tropical region were collected on days 30 and 60 of days in milk (DIM) and near the first service. The Pearson correlation test of milk compositions revealed only a significant correlation between milk protein at day 30 DIM and DFS, but in Logistic regression analysis it did not have a constant effect on reproductive indices. On the other hand, the effect of previous dry-off duration and AI season on FSCR were significant. Based on the result of the present study, it is concluded that milk compositions such as fat, protein and FPR had no correlation with the result of the first AI.
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Berg HF, Heringstad B, Alm-Kristiansen AH, Kvale VG, Dragset KI, Waldmann A, Ropstad E, Kommisrud E. Ovarian follicular response to oestrous synchronisation and induction of ovulation in Norwegian Red cattle. Acta Vet Scand 2020; 62:16. [PMID: 32164737 PMCID: PMC7068941 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-020-00514-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oestrous synchronisation of cattle has been widely applied to accomplish simultaneous ovulation in animals and facilitate timed artificial insemination. The main aim of this study was to investigate the ovarian follicular growth and ovulatory response to oestrus and ovulation synchronisation in Norwegian Red heifers and cows. Oestrous cycles in 34 heifers and 10 cows from 4 herds were synchronised with two PGF2α analogue treatments 11 days apart, followed by GnRH analogue treatment for induction of ovulation. Thereafter, the ovaries were examined by ultrasonography at 3 h intervals until ovulation. RESULTS The luteolytic effect of the PGF2α analogue was verified in 9 of 10 cows by progesterone contents in milk. Maximum physical activity of the cows occurred on average 69 h after PGF2α analogue treatment. An ovulatory response was recorded in 95.5% (42/44) of the animals. A significant difference in follicle size at ovulation was found between 2 of the herds. Animals with medium sized and large follicles and heifers aged > 16 months ovulated earlier than other animals. CONCLUSIONS The applied sequence of treatments in the study was shown to be effective in synchronizing and inducing ovulation within a relatively narrow time interval in the Norwegian Red heifers and cows, consistent with findings in other cattle breeds.
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Sakatani M, Takahashi M, Takenouchi N. The efficiency of vaginal temperature measurement for detection of estrus in Japanese Black cows. J Reprod Dev 2016; 62:201-7. [PMID: 26853785 PMCID: PMC4848578 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2015-095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, weak estrous behavior was assumed to be the cause of a decline in breeding efficiency in cattle.
The present study investigated the effect of measuring the vaginal temperature on the detection of estrus in
Japanese Black cows. First, the effect of hormone administration to cows with a functional corpus luteum on
the vaginal temperature was evaluated by continuous measurement using a temperature data logger. After 24 h of
cloprostenol (PG) treatment, the vaginal temperature was significantly lower than on day 7 after estrus, and
the low values were maintained until the beginning of estrus (P < 0.05). The cows that received PG and
exogenous progesterone (CIDR) did not show a temperature decrease until the CIDR was removed. This finding
suggested that the vaginal temperature change reflected the progesterone concentration. The rate of detection
of natural estrus was lower for a pedometer than for the vaginal temperature (P < 0.05); synchronization of
estrus resulted in a high estrus detection rate regardless of the detection method. In a subsequent
experiment, the effect of vaginal temperature measurement and the use of a pedometer on estrus detection was
evaluated in the cool and hot seasons. The average activities during non-estrus and the activity increase
ratio (estrus/non-estrus) changed according to season (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). However, the average vaginal
temperatures during estrus and non-estrus were not affected by season. The estrus detection rate of the
pedometer was lower in summer and lower than that obtained using the vaginal temperature. These results
indicated that vaginal temperature measurement might be effective for detecting estrus regardless of estrous
behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Sakatani
- Livestock and Grassland Research Division, Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan
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Bayemi PH, Leinyuy I, Nsongka MV, Webb EC, Nchadji JM, Cavestany D, Perera BMAO. Effect of cow parity and synchronization method with PGF2α on conception rates of Bos indicus cows in Cameroon. Trop Anim Health Prod 2014; 47:159-62. [PMID: 25319451 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-014-0701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of two synchronization methods with prostaglandins F2α (PGF2α) on heifers and multiparous cows. Fourty-three Bos indicus cows (white and Red Fulani) were divided into four groups in a two-by-two factorial structure, parity x method of synchronization. The synchronization methods consisted of a two-dose regime which involved injection of animals on day 0 with PGF2α (Lutalyse) at 5 ml per cow intramuscularly. On day 11, the injection was repeated at the same dosage. On day 14 (72 h after the second injection), a fixed-time artificial insemination (AI) was done. On day 15 (96 h after the second injection), a second insemination was done. The one-and-a-half-dose regime consisted of an injection similar to the first treatment mentioned above on day 0. Thereafter, cows were observed for heat, and anyone showing heat was inseminated. A second dose was given on day 11 to all animals not having shown any heat. A fixed-time AI was done on days 14 and 15. Blood samples were collected on the day 0 of insemination for each cow while day 11 and day 21 after insemination. Progesterone was analysed by means of standard ELISA progesterone kits to determine its profiles after insemination. Results show no evidence of the effect of treatments on conception rates (P > 0.05). Similarly, heifers and multiparous cows had similar conception rates (P > 0.05). Between 3 weeks and 3 months of pregnancy, there was a loss of embryos of 28% in heifers and 20% in multiparous cows, but the difference between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05). It recommended that farmers do not synchronize animals with poor body condition score (BCS). They should also monitor weight gains of heifers, remove them from the herd when they have been mixed with young growing bulls and put them in a breeding herd. The two-dose regime is better to be used in areas where the inseminator cannot easily be available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pougue Henri Bayemi
- Institute of Agricultural Research for Development Bambui, P O Box 51, Bamenda, Cameroon,
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Kamal MM, Opsomer G, Parveen N, Momont HW, Shamsuddin M. Comparative efficacy of the synchrony programmes in subestrus crossbred cows at smallholder farms in Bangladesh. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2013.792736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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MALIK AJAMALUDDIN, AL-SENAIDY ABDULRAHMAN, SKRZYPCZAK-JANKUN EWA, JANKUN JERZY. A study of the anti-diabetic agents of camel milk. Int J Mol Med 2012; 30:585-92. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Follicular determinants of pregnancy establishment and maintenance. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 349:649-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Ling K, Waldmann A, Samarütel J, Jaakson H, Kaart T, Leesmäe A. Field trial on the relationship of blood metabolites and body condition score with the recurrence of luteal activity in Estonian Holstein cows. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. A, PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, CLINICAL MEDICINE 2007; 54:337-41. [PMID: 17718804 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00948.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Associations of body condition scores and blood metabolites, measured before calving and at different periods during early lactation, with recurrence of luteal activity were investigated in a 250-head commercial dairy farm during a 4-year period (1999-2002). The study was conducted on 48 dairy cows (60 lactations) with average 305-day milk yield of 8149 kg per cow. Blood samples taken 1-14 days before calving and 1-14, 28-42 and 63-77 days after calving were analysed for aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, ketone bodies, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids and cholesterol. Milk progesterone (P(4)) profiles (samples collected twice a week, P(4) levels measured in whole milk by enzyme immunoassay) were used to evaluate the interval from calving to first luteal response, P(4) >5 ng/ml, and the interval from calving to first normal cycle. The MIXED procedure of the sas system was used to study the association of investigated parameters. A higher concentration of ketone bodies before calving was associated with shorter interval to recurrence of first normal cycle (P = 0.007) and tended to be related to shorter interval from calving to first luteal response (P = 0.071). A lower prepartum aminotransferase activity showed a tendency to be associated with shorter interval from calving to first luteal response (P = 0.084). Results suggest metabolic status up to 2 weeks prepartum to be related to the resumption of postpartum luteal activity in Estonian Holstein dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ling
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia.
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