1
|
Suzuki H, Watanabe H, Abe Y. Assisted reproductive techniques for canines: preservation of genetic material in domestic dogs. J Reprod Dev 2021; 68:1-11. [PMID: 34840199 PMCID: PMC8872749 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2021-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs), such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, and cryopreservation of gametes/zygotes, have been developed to improve breeding and reproduction of livestock and for the treatment of human infertility. Their widespread use has contributed to improvements in human health and welfare. However, in dogs, only artificial insemination using frozen semen is readily available as an ART to improve breeding and control genetic diversity. A recent priority in sperm cryopreservation is the development of alternatives to egg yolk, which is widely used as a component of the sperm extender. Egg yolk can vary in composition among batches and is prone to contamination by animal pathogens. The latter can be a problem for international exchange of cryopreserved semen. Low-density lipoprotein and skim milk are promising candidates for use as extenders, to ensure fertility after artificial insemination. Although not tested for its effects on fertility following artificial insemination, polyvinyl alcohol may also be a useful alternative to egg yolk as an extender. The development of cryopreservation techniques for canine embryos lags behind that for other mammals, including humans. However, given the success of non-surgical embryo transfer in 2011, studies have sought to refine this approach for practical use. Research on sperm cryopreservation has yielded satisfactory results. However, investigation of other approaches, such as cryopreservation of oocytes and gonadal tissues, remains insufficient. Techniques for the efficient induction of estrus may aid in the development of successful canine ARTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Suzuki
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Abe
- Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Galarza DA, Landi G, Mejía E, Samaniego JX, Méndez S, Soria ME, Taboada J, Sánchez-Calabuig MJ, Castaño C, Santiago-Moreno J. Cryopreservation of dog epididymal spermatozoa by conventional freezing or ultra-rapid freezing with nonpermeable cryoprotectant. Cryobiology 2021; 103:15-21. [PMID: 34715114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of two methods for cryopreservation of dog epididymal spermatozoa, one by conventional freezing (CF) with shortening both equilibration and cooling times, and the other by ultra-rapid freezing (URF) with nonpermeable cryoprotectant. Sixty epididymides were recovered from thirty orchiectomized adult dogs and the sperm samples were retrieved by retrograde flushing using TCG-EY (tris, citric acid, glucose + 20% egg yolk) extender and then 20 pools were conformed. Each pool was divided into 2 aliquots and then cryopreserved by CF and URF methods respectively. The CF method maintained the cooled-pool samples for 2h (1h without and 1h with 5% glycerol) and then were frozen by liquid nitrogen (LN2) vapors for 2 min. The URF method cryopreserved the cooled-pool samples using TCG-EY+250 mM sucrose, equilibrating during 30 min (5 °C) and submerging 30-μL drops directly in LN2. The results showed that the URF method produced a lower percentage of total and progressive motilities and acrosome integrity (P < 0.05) than the CF method. However, the kinetic variables (curvilinear and straight-line velocities, straightness, linearity, wobble, amplitude of lateral head displacement, and beat-cross frequency) and plasma membrane integrity did not differ (P > 0.05) between both cryopreservation methods. Unlike the URF method, the width, area and perimeter of sperm head were reduced after the CF method (P < 0.05). In conclusion, despite the low motility achieved after the ultra-rapid freezing method, the similar values of kinetic, viability and head morphometric dimensions to those obtained after conventional freezing, suggest that ultra-rapid freezing with sucrose may be a useful alternative for the cryopreservation of canine epididymal sperm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Galarza
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Gabriela Landi
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Edisson Mejía
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Jorge X Samaniego
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Silvana Méndez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Manuel E Soria
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Juan Taboada
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | | | - Cristina Castaño
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, INIA-CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bustani GS, Baiee FH. Semen extenders: An evaluative overview of preservative mechanisms of semen and semen extenders. Vet World 2021; 14:1220-1233. [PMID: 34220124 PMCID: PMC8243668 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1220-1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproduction is fundamental for all living things as it ensures the continued existence of a species and an improved economy in animal husbandry. Reproduction has developed since history, and diverse processes, such as artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization, have been developed. Semen extenders were discovered and developed to protect sperm from harmful factors, such as freeze and osmotic shock, oxidative stress, and cell injury by ice crystals. Semen extenders preserve sperm by stabilizing its properties, including sperm morphology, motility, and viability and membrane, acrosomal, and DNA integrity. Therefore, semen extenders must provide a favorable pH, adenosine triphosphate, anti-cooling and anti-freeze shock, and antioxidant activity to improve semen quality for fertilization. Hence, this review provides precise data on different semen extenders, preservative mechanisms, and essential additives for semen extenders in different animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Falah Hasan Baiee
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa 54003, Najaf, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Öztürk AE, Bodu M, Bucak MN, Ağır V, Özcan A, Keskin N, İli P, Topraggaleh TR, Sidal H, Başpınar N, Dursun Ş. The synergistic effect of trehalose and low concentrations of cryoprotectants can improve post-thaw ram sperm parameters. Cryobiology 2020; 95:157-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
5
|
Watts J. Measurement of membrane integrity in canine spermatozoa using a fluorescent computer-assisted spermatozoal quantification method and manual counting after eosin-nigrosin staining compared with manual counting after CFDA/PI staining. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:1583-1595. [PMID: 31545547 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare measurement of spermatozoal membrane status using computer-assisted spermatozoal quantification (CASQ) and eosin-nigrosin (EN) staining with manual counting after CFDA/PI staining. Analysis was performed on both fresh and thawed cryopreserved canine semen. Membrane-disrupted spermatozoa (MDS) were counted using CASQ (n = 311) in an untreated sample and a completely membrane-disrupted sample, and the percentage of membrane-intact spermatozoa (MIS) calculated: (Total count - Untreated sample count) ÷ Total count × 100. Spermatozoa were stained with a one-step EN stain (n = 501), and then, at least 100 spermatozoa were manually examined under ×1,000 magnification and classified as MDS (stained with eosin) or MIS (non-stained). Spermatozoa from the same samples were also stained with CFDA/PI, and then, at least 200 spermatozoa were manually examined under ×1,000 magnification and classified as MIS (completely stained by CFDA) or MDS. The percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa (PMS) was determined by both computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) and subjective methodologies, and the data were subsequently analysed to measure the agreement between the CASQ and EN methods with the CFDA/PI technique using Bland-Altman methodology. Pearson's correlation was measured between the MIS and PMS percentage samples and correlation coefficients compared. The mean MIS percentage was lower for CASQ and higher for EN than in CFDA/PI for all comparisons. The agreement of MIS percentage between CASQ and CFDA/PI was -20.2% to 32.0%, and between EN and CFDA/PI was -32.9% to 14.9%. In all methods, the MIS and PMS percentages were correlated (p < .001). Measurement of CFDA/PI appeared to be the most reliable and accurate method of determining MIS percentage in dogs. Further investigation is required to determine whether the CASQ technique can be improved. Eosin-nigrosin staining also appeared to be unreliable at MIS <80% and overestimated the MIS percentage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Watts
- Animal Reproduction Australia Pty Ltd, Werribee, Vic, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Acha D, Hidalgo M, Ortiz I, Gálvez MJ, Carrasco JJ, Gómez-Arrones V, Dorado J. Freezability of Andalusian donkey (Equus asinus) spermatozoa: effect of extenders and permeating cryoprotectants. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 28:1990-1998. [PMID: 26129907 DOI: 10.1071/rd14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two semen extenders and four permeating cryoprotectants on post-thaw sperm quality of Andalusian donkeys. First, 32 ejaculates were pooled, split and frozen in either Gent B or INRA 96 with egg yolk and glycerol. Second, 12 pooled semen samples were simultaneously frozen in Gent B (glycerol) or Gent A containing ethylene glycol (EG; 1 or 1.5%) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 1.5 or 2%). Finally, nine pooled samples were simultaneously cryopreserved in Gent A containing 1% EG (as control), dimethylformamide (DMFA; 1 or 2.5%) or a combination of 1% EG and 1.5% DMFA. Gent B yielded a higher (P<0.01) post-thaw sperm motility than modified INRA96. EG 1% increased the sperm membrane integrity (P<0.001), whereas DMSO affected sperm motility and membrane integrity (P<0.001). DMFA 2.5% yielded higher (P<0.001) values for sperm motility and membrane integrity. We concluded that Gent B improves in vitro post-thaw sperm quality of donkey spermatozoa, but the replacement of glycerol with 1% EG or 2.5% DMFA increased sperm protection against cryodamage. The use of DMSO for freezing donkey semen was unsuccessful and a toxic effect is suspected. These extenders should be included in the pre-freeze test for each donkey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Acha
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales (Edif. Hospital Clínico Veterinario), Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Hidalgo
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales (Edif. Hospital Clínico Veterinario), Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - I Ortiz
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales (Edif. Hospital Clínico Veterinario), Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M J Gálvez
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales (Edif. Hospital Clínico Veterinario), Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - J J Carrasco
- Equine Reproduction Center, Centro de Selección y Reproducción Animal, (CENSYRA-Extremadura Government), Camino Santa Engracia, S/N (Estación Pecuaria), 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - V Gómez-Arrones
- Equine Reproduction Center, Centro de Selección y Reproducción Animal, (CENSYRA-Extremadura Government), Camino Santa Engracia, S/N (Estación Pecuaria), 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - J Dorado
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales (Edif. Hospital Clínico Veterinario), Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
A two-step dilution tris-egg yolk extender containing Equex STM significantly improves sperm cryopreservation in the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus). Cryobiology 2018; 80:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2017.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
8
|
El-Badry DA, Mohamed RH, EL-Metwally HA, Abo Al-Naga TR. The effect of some cryoprotectants on dromedary camel frozen-thawed semen. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:522-525. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DA El-Badry
- Artifcial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Department; Animal Reproduction Research Institute; Agriculture Research Center (ARC); Giza Egypt
| | - RH Mohamed
- Theriogenology Department; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aswan University; Giza Egypt
| | | | - TR Abo Al-Naga
- Animal Health Department; Desert Research Center; Cairo Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Najafi A, Daghigh-Kia H, Dodaran HV, Mehdipour M, Alvarez-Rodriguez M. Ethylene glycol, but not DMSO, could replace glycerol inclusion in soybean lecithin-based extenders in ram sperm cryopreservation. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 177:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
10
|
Malo C, Crichton EG, Skidmore JA. Optimization of the cryopreservation of dromedary camel semen: Cryoprotectants and their concentration and equilibration times. Cryobiology 2016; 74:141-147. [PMID: 27818266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Research into an optimal cryoprotectant, its concentration and equilibration time underlies the successful cryopreservation of dromedary camel spermatozoa. This study assessed the cryo-efficiency of different cryoprotectants, their concentration and equilibration time and any interactions. In experiment 1, semen samples (n = 4 males; 2 ejaculates/male) were frozen using Green Buffer containing one of four cryoprotectants (3% glycerol, ethylene glycol, methyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide) and using 4 equilibration times (10 min, 0.5, 1 and 2 h). Glycerol and ethylene glycol provided the best motility recovery rates and different equilibration times were not significant for any cryoprotectant nor were any interactions noted. However different equilibration times were pertinent for improved kinematic parameters BCF and VSL. In experiment 2, glycerol and ethylene glycol were evaluated at 4 concentrations (1.5, 3, 6, 9%) with 0.5 h equilibration (n = 4 males, 3 ejaculates/male). Sperm motility recoveries, kinematics and acrosome status were assessed. Higher values for LIN and STR were found with ethylene glycol. At 0 and 1 h post thaw 3 and 6% of either cryoprotectant resulted in better motility values than 1.5%. Acrosome integrity was compromised at 9% cryoprotectant. There were interactions between cryoprotectant and concentration in total motility at 0 and 1 h. For glycerol, total motility recoveries were best at 3-9%; for ethylene glycol 1.5-6% were best at 0 h and 3-6% at 1 h. In conclusion, 3-6% glycerol or ethylene glycol offered the best cryoprotection for camel sperm while different equilibration times were not critical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Malo
- Camel Reproduction Centre, PO Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Julian A Skidmore
- Camel Reproduction Centre, PO Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lucio CF, Regazzi FM, Silva LCG, Angrimani DSR, Nichi M, Vannucchi CI. Oxidative stress at different stages of two-step semen cryopreservation procedures in dogs. Theriogenology 2016; 85:1568-1575. [PMID: 26879999 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation generates sperm damage and reduced fertilization capacity as a consequence of reactive oxygen species formation. Identifying the critical points of the process will contribute to the development of strategies for oxidative stress prevention. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to verify the occurrence of oxidative stress during the two-step cryopreservation process in dogs. Six healthy mature dogs were used and submitted to the two-step sperm cryopreservation protocol. The sperm analysis was done at three time points: after refrigeration, after glycerolization, and after thawing by sperm motility, measurement of spontaneous and induced oxidative stress, sperm mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity, flow cytometric evaluation of plasma and acrosome membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and sperm chromatin structure assay. There was an increase in free radical production after glycerolization (87.4 ± 15.5 ng/mL of spontaneous thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) after refrigeration and 1226.3 ± 256.0 ng/mL after glycerolization; P < 0.05), in association with loss of sperm mitochondrial activity. However, frozen-thawed samples had lower sperm motility, lower resistance to oxidative stress (448.7 ± 23.6 ng/mL of induced TBARS after glycerolization and 609.4 ± 35.9 ng/mL after thawing; P < 0.05) and increased lipid peroxidation (4815.2 ± 335.4 ng/mL of spontaneous TBARS after thawing; P < 0.05) as well as increased damage to plasma and acrosomal membranes, compared with refrigeration and glycerolization. In conclusion, the production of free radicals by sperm cells begins during glycerolization. However, sperm oxidative damage intensifies after thawing. Despite intracellular ice formation during cryopreservation, the increased production of reactive oxygen species can be the explanation of the decrease in sperm motility, reduced mitochondrial activity, and sperm plasma membrane and acrosomal damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C F Lucio
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F M Regazzi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L C G Silva
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D S R Angrimani
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Nichi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C I Vannucchi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Setyawan EMN, Kim MJ, Oh HJ, Kim GA, Jo YK, Lee SH, Choi YB, Lee BC. Maintaining canine sperm function and osmolyte content with multistep freezing protocol and different cryoprotective agents. Cryobiology 2015; 71:344-9. [PMID: 26297920 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation procedures cause osmotic stress to spermatozoa following cryoinjury and reduce their content of osmolytes. Conventional method for cryoprotectant loading and dilution on canine semen freezing which could be categorized in single step protocol, makes decreasing in sperm performance such as motility, morphology and viability. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine if a multistep protocol using glycerol or ethylene glycol can be used to overcome the osmotic sensitivity of canine spermatozoa, and to identify osmolytes that were involved in regulation of osmotic stress. A multistep protocol, comprising serial loading and dilution of cryoprotective agents by dividing the total volume of extender into 4 steps (14%, 19%, 27%, and 40%) every 30s, was compared to a single step method. Frozen-thawed spermatozoa in the multistep group showed superior quality (P<0.05) compared with the single step process in progressive motility (23.3 ± 1.3% vs. 12.5 ± 1.6%), intact membranes (66.5 ± 2.8% vs. 49.5 ± 2.6%) and bent tail (29.2 ± 3.2% vs. 46.2 ± 1.9%). Multistep also succeeded in minimizing loss of the osmolytes carnitine (20.6 ± 2.0 nmol/U G6PDH vs. 10.8 ± 2.1 nmol/U G6PDH) and glutamate (18.4 ± 1.6 nmol/U G6PDH vs. 14.4 ± 0.8 nmol/U G6PDH) compared to the single step group. Moreover, glycerol with multistep was more advantageous for maintaining sperm quality than ethylene glycol. In conclusion, the multistep protocol with glycerol can be used to improve the morphology, motility and osmolytes content of frozen-thawed canine spermatozoa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwang Jo
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hee Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Strzeżek R, Polakiewicz P, Kordan W. The effect of two packaging systems on the post-thaw characteristics of canine sperm. Pol J Vet Sci 2015; 18:249-53. [PMID: 26172172 DOI: 10.1515/pjvs-2015-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of different packaging systems on some parameters of cryopreserved canine spermatozoa. The experimental material consisted of the sperm-rich fractions of ejaculates collected from four Beagle dogs. Semen samples for cryopreservation were stored in 0.25 ml plastic straws and two aluminum tubes with a total volume of 5.0 ml. Semen was frozen in static nitrogen vapor for 10 minutes (0.25 ml straws) or 15 and 20 minutes (aluminum tubes). Post-thaw assessments involved the determination of sperm motility parameters using a computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA), sperm plasma membrane integrity (SPMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and acrosome integrity (normal apical ridge, NAR). Regardless of the packaging system applied, no significant differences in total sperm motility (TMOT) or selected kinematic parameters were observed after freezing-thawing. However, spermatozoa frozen in 0.25 mL straws were characterized by improved functionality, in particular mitochondrial function, after thawing. The results indicate that large quantities of canine semen can be frozen in aluminum tubes. Further studies are required, however, to evaluate different freezing and thawing rates of aluminum tubes.
Collapse
|
14
|
Rodenas C, Parrilla I, Roca J, Martinez EA, Lucas X. Effects of rapid cooling prior to freezing on the quality of canine cryopreserved spermatozoa. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:355-61. [PMID: 25047548 PMCID: PMC4219992 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rapid cooling prior to freezing on frozen-thawed canine sperm quality.
In experiment 1, centrifuged ejaculates from 6 dogs were pooled, split into 4 aliquots and cryopreserved by the Uppsala
procedure using different cooling rates (control, cooling speed 18 C/90 min and average cooling rate 0.2 C/min; rapid,
cooling speed 18 C/8 min and average cooling rate 2.25 C/min) in combination with 2 glycerol addition protocols (fractionated
or unfractionated). In experiment 2, centrifuged ejaculates from 4 dogs were processed individually using the same cooling
rates described in experiment 1 in combination with an unfractionated glycerol addition protocol. Each of the experiments was
replicated 5 times. Sperm quality was evaluated after 30 and 150 min of post-thawing incubation at 38 C. Total motility (TM),
progressive motility (PM) and quality of movement parameters were assessed using a computerized system, and sperm viability
(spermatozoa with intact plasma and acrosome membranes) was assessed using flow cytometry (H-42/PI/FITC-PNA). Values for TM,
PM, viable spermatozoa and the quality of movement parameters after thawing were not significantly affected by the cooling
rate. The interaction between the cooling rate and the added glycerol protocol was not significant. There were significant
differences among the males (P<0.01) in the sperm quality parameters evaluated after thawing. The interaction between the
males and the cooling rate was not significant. In conclusion, canine spermatozoa can be cryopreserved using the Uppsala
method at an average cooling rate of 2.25 C/min prior to freezing together with addition of fractionated or unfractionated
glycerol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rodenas
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30100, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shi L, Ren Y, Zhou H, Hou G, Xun W, Yue W, Zhang C, Yang R. Effect of rapid freezing-thawing techniques on the sperm parameters and ultrastructure of Chinese Taihang black goat spermatozoa. Micron 2013; 57:6-12. [PMID: 24268840 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Supercooling sperm in liquid nitrogen vapour is a feasible and economic technique for the practical production. The study aimed to reveal the negative effects of this rapid freezing and thawing processes on Taihang black goat spermatozoa and to find out the changing of spermatozoa motility and ultrastructure by using CASA and TEM. Qualified semen samples, which collected from twenty Chinese Taihang black goats using artificial vagina were pooled and investigated the kinematics parameters and ultrastructural morphology. The results showed that freezing-thawing caused a significant reduction in the spermatozoon total motility (P<0.001), in rapid and medium cell numbers (P<0.001) and motility parameters (VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH and BCF) (P<0.01). Immotile spermatozoa number was increased significantly after freezing-thawing (P<0.001). In the ultrastructural analysis, the shape with a sperm nucleus characterized by ruptures, bend and deformity was observed. The plasma membranes were broken, and nucleoplasm erupted. The mitochondria in the middle piece were disturbed by partial absence or additional accumulations. Swelling, coiling, vacuolization and structural disorganization of mitochondria were also observed. In conclusion, Freezing-thawing procedure has a detrimental effect on motility, membrane integrity and mitochondria of goat spermatozoa. Transmission electron microscopy provides an intuitive observation to investigate deformity spermatozoa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liguang Shi
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China; College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Youshe Ren
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Xun
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China.
| | - Wenbin Yue
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Rujie Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Taşdemir U, Büyükleblebici S, Tuncer PB, Coşkun E, Özgürtaş T, Aydın FN, Büyükleblebici O, Gürcan İS. Effects of various cryoprotectants on bull sperm quality, DNA integrity and oxidative stress parameters. Cryobiology 2013; 66:38-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
Santana M, Batista M, Alamo D, González F, Niño T, Cabrera F, Gracia A. Influence of cool storage before freezing on the quality of frozen-thawed semen samples in dogs. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:165-70. [PMID: 22681386 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determinate the semen quality of frozen-thawed samples that were chilled for up to 2 days before freezing. The ejaculates (n = 18) from six dogs were collected, pooled and divided into six aliquots. The first aliquot (C, control) was frozen in liquid nitrogen using a conventional protocol to reach a final concentration of 100 × 10(6) spermatozoa/ml, 20% egg yolk and 5% glycerol. The remaining five aliquots were diluted with a chilled extender (Tris-glucose and 20% egg yolk) and cooled at 4 °C as follows: R1, the semen was cooled for 1 h; R6, the semen was cooled for 6 h; R12, the semen was cooled for 12 h; R24, the semen was cooled for 24 h and R48, the semen was cooled for 48 h. After the chilling period, a second extender was added (Tris-glucose, 20% egg yolk, 10% glycerol and Equex at 1%) to reach a final composition similar to aliquot C, and then, the semen samples (R1, R6, R12, R24 and R48) were frozen in liquid nitrogen. The post-thaw sperm quality was assessed in 30 straws from each experimental group. After freezing-thawing, the total sperm motility (approximately 60-70%) in the semen chilled for up to 48 h did not show any differences from the samples frozen by the conventional cryopreservation method (63.2%). No significant differences were detected in the percentages of abnormal sperm cells among the fresh semen, the control group and the frozen samples after the different cooling times. Finally, the post-thaw percentages of damaged acrosomes showed a very uniform distribution, with mean values ranging between 7% and 10.5%. The results clearly demonstrated that cooling the semen up to 48 h before freezing did not produce a decrease in the semen quality when was compared with semen frozen by a traditional procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Santana
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Batista M, Santana M, Alamo D, González F, Niño T, Cabrera F, Gracia A. Effects of Incubation Temperature and Semen Pooling on the Viability of Fresh, Chilled and Freeze-Thawed Canine Semen Samples. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47:1049-55. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
19
|
Kim S, Lee Y, Yang H, Kim YJ. Rapid freezing without cooling equilibration in canine sperm. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 130:111-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
20
|
Effect of some permeating cryoprotectants on CASA motility results in cryopreserved bull spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 123:157-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
21
|
Futino DO, Mendes MCB, Matos WNL, Mondadori RG, Lucci CM. Glycerol, Methyl-Formamide and Dimethyl-Formamide in Canine Semen Cryopreservation. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 45:214-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01208.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
Rota A, Milani C, Romagnoli S, Zucchini P, Mollo A. Pregnancy and conception rate after two intravaginal inseminations with dog semen frozen either with 5% glycerol or 5% ethylene glycol. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 118:94-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Revised: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
23
|
Lopes K, Costa L, Lima G, Souza A, Silva A. Dimethylformamide is no better than glycerol for cryopreservation of canine semen. Theriogenology 2009; 72:650-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 04/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
24
|
Effects of taurine and hypotaurine supplementation and ionophore concentrations on post-thaw acrosome reaction of dog spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2009; 71:248-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
25
|
Martins-Bessa A, Rocha A, Mayenco-Aguirre A. Incorporation of taurine and hypotaurine did not improve the efficiency of the Uppsala Equex II extender for dog semen freezing. Theriogenology 2007; 68:1088-96. [PMID: 17875316 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Revised: 05/16/2007] [Accepted: 07/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The working hypothesis of the present study was that supplementation of the Uppsala Equex II (UE) extender with the amino acid (AA), taurine (T) and hypotaurine (H) would improve dog sperm post-thaw quality, as previously seen for ram and bull semen, respectively. Five pools from 15 ejaculates of 15 dogs were used. Each AA was added to the UE extender at a concentration of 25, 50 and 7 5mM. Amino acid-free extender was used as a control. The following post-thaw parameters were evaluated: sperm motility by light microscopy and by CASA evaluation, longevity, viability (eosin-nigrosin staining), and flow cytometry (FC) was used to assess acrosome integrity and mitochondrial activity after PI/Fitc-PSA and PI-Rhodamine staining, respectively. Post-thaw sperm motility and velocity did not differ among extenders. Amplitude of lateral head displacement was lower for sperm frozen in the 25 mM H-supplemented extender. Semen frozen in the extender with 50 mM of T resulted in higher number of live sperm with damaged acrosomes after thawing. Higher numbers of live sperm with minimal mitochondrial activity were obtained for samples frozen with 25 and 50 mM T-supplemented extenders. Semen frozen in the control and 50 mM T-supplemented extenders had the highest number of live (eosin-nigrosin stain negative) sperm immediately post-thawing. We concluded that supplementation of the Uppsala extender with T or H did not improve sperm post-thaw mitochondrial activity or semen motility and viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Martins-Bessa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|