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Lv S, Huang J, Luo Y, Wen Y, Chen B, Qiu H, Chen H, Yue T, He L, Feng B, Yu Z, Zhao M, Yang Q, He M, Xiao W, Zou X, Gu C, Lu R. Gut microbiota is involved in male reproductive function: a review. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1371667. [PMID: 38765683 PMCID: PMC11099273 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1371667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, ~8%-12% of couples confront infertility issues, male-related issues being accountable for 50%. This review focuses on the influence of gut microbiota and their metabolites on the male reproductive system from five perspectives: sperm quality, testicular structure, sex hormones, sexual behavior, and probiotic supplementation. To improve sperm quality, gut microbiota can secrete metabolites by themselves or regulate host metabolites. Endotoxemia is a key factor in testicular structure damage that causes orchitis and disrupts the blood-testis barrier (BTB). In addition, the gut microbiota can regulate sex hormone levels by participating in the synthesis of sex hormone-related enzymes directly and participating in the enterohepatic circulation of sex hormones, and affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis. They can also activate areas of the brain that control sexual arousal and behavior through metabolites. Probiotic supplementation can improve male reproductive function. Therefore, the gut microbiota may affect male reproductive function and behavior; however, further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying microbiota-mediated male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Lv
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingrong Huang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yadan Luo
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Baoting Chen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huanxin Chen
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Tianhao Yue
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lvqin He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Baochun Feng
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingde Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Manli He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wudian Xiao
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zou
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Congwei Gu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruilin Lu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, China
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Mattioli S, Angelucci E, Dal Bosco A, Signorini C, Sylla L, Bosa L, Collodel G, Durand T, Galano JM, Oger C, Castellini C. Pro-Atherogenic and Pro-Oxidant Diets Influence Semen and Blood Traits of Rabbit Bucks. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1880. [PMID: 37891960 PMCID: PMC10603835 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many dietary factors can affect sperm traits. We compared the effect of diets rich in pro-oxidant (flaxseed oil) and pro-atherogenic (coconut oil) substances without added antioxidants on semen traits, using the rabbit as an animal model. Thirty rabbit bucks (8 months old) were fed three diets for 150 days: CNT (control) a standard diet; HA (high-atherogenic) standard diet + 3% coconut oil, and HO (high-oxidizing) standard diet + 3% flaxseed oil. Semen samples were collected weekly for the evaluation of qualitative traits (kinetics, viability) and the oxidative damage (MDA and cytokines). Blood was collected at the start (T0) and end (T8) of the experimental period for the assessment of the oxidative damage (MDA and isoprostanoids), lipid profile, and testosterone. A worsening of sperm kinetics and viability was recorded in the HA group. Lipid oxidation in seminal plasma, as well as isoprostanoids in blood (F3-IsoPs and F4-NeuroPs), increased in both the HO and HA groups. A high level of TNF-α, a marker of inflammatory status, was recorded in the seminal plasma of the HA group. The resulting outcomes were mainly attributable to the different fatty acid profiles (SFA vs. PUFA) of the diets, which modulated an inflammatory/oxidative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (E.A.); (A.D.B.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Elisa Angelucci
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (E.A.); (A.D.B.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Alessandro Dal Bosco
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (E.A.); (A.D.B.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci, 14, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Lakamy Sylla
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Luigia Bosa
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (E.A.); (A.D.B.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci, 14, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, 5247 Montpellier, France; (T.D.); (J.-M.G.); (C.O.)
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, 5247 Montpellier, France; (T.D.); (J.-M.G.); (C.O.)
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, 5247 Montpellier, France; (T.D.); (J.-M.G.); (C.O.)
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (E.A.); (A.D.B.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
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Agradi S, Sulce M, Menchetti L, Vigo D, Castrica M, Barbato O, Andoni E, Quattrone A, Munga A, Marongiu ML, Curone G, Brecchia G. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Effects on reproductive and productive performance and meat quality in rabbit breeding. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:70-78. [PMID: 37252331 PMCID: PMC10220468 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rabbit breeding has many critical aspects related to reproduction, production, and animal welfare, which reduce its profitability as well as consumer attractiveness. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) seems to be a good nutritional strategy to improve several aspects of rabbit breeding, enhance animal welfare and produce a new functional food considered healthy for human consumption. For this reason, the main available scientific research regarding the physiological effects of n-3 PUFA rich products supplemented to the rabbit diet will be reviewed. In particular, consequences on the reproductive performances of both doe and buck, the productive parameters, and the meat quality will be analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Agradi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Majlind Sulce
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Laura Menchetti
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Marta Castrica
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Olimpia Barbato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Egon Andoni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Alda Quattrone
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Albana Munga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Giulio Curone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Gabriele Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
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Mattioli S, Moretti E, Castellini C, Signorini C, Corsaro R, Angelucci E, Collodel G. Can Dietary n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Affect Apelin and Resolvin in Testis and Sperm of Male Rabbits? Molecules 2023; 28:6188. [PMID: 37687017 PMCID: PMC10488499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apelin and other novel adipokines have been associated with normal and pathological reproductive conditions in humans and animals. In this paper, we used a rabbit model to investigate if apelin and resolvin (RvD1) in testis and sperm are associated with the oxidative status of semen and serum testosterone of rabbits fed different diets enriched with flaxseed (alpha-linolenic acid, ALA) or with fish oil (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA, docosapentaenoic acid, DPAn-3, and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA). Apelin and RvD1 were detected by ELISA and apelin and the apelin receptor by immunofluorescence. Increased levels of apelin in testes from both enriched diets were shown, particularly in the interstitial tissue of the FLAX group. The FLAX diet enhanced serum testosterone, and both enriched diets showed higher levels of malondialdehyde and RvD1 in the testis. In ejaculated sperm, apelin and its receptor were localized in the entire tail of the control and both treated groups. The ryanodine receptor was investigated in rabbit testis; the fluorescent signal was increased in mature elongated spermatids of the FLAX group. In conclusion, this data seems to indicate that FLAX increases the amount of apelin in testis, suggesting an involvement of this adipokine in male reproduction and probably a role in the resolution of the inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.M.); (C.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Elena Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (R.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.M.); (C.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (R.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Roberta Corsaro
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (R.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Elisa Angelucci
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.M.); (C.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (R.C.); (G.C.)
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Perumal P, Sunder J, De AK, Alyethodi RR, Vikram R, Upadhyay VR, Mayuri SC, Bhattacharya D. Flaxseed oil modulates testicular biometrics, hormone, libido, antioxidant and semen profiles in endangered Teressa goat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100730. [PMID: 36640628 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Teressa goat is a unique goat breed in Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI) of India. Effects of Flaxseed oil (FSO) supplementation in body weight (BW), scrotal circumference (SC), testicular volume (TV) and testicular weight (TW), endocrinological profiles, sex behavioural profiles (SBPs), oxidative stress markers and semen production and its quality profiles in rainy and dry summer season were studied in Teressa goat. Male goats (n = 12) of 3-4 years old were equally divided into control and treated groups. Treated animals received 25 mL FSO per day. Oral drenching of FSO was done in the morning before feeding the concentrate ration. Body weight, scrotal circumference, TV and TW were measured in bucks of FSO treated and untreated during rainy and dry summer seasons. Blood follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), cortisol and prolactin, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in bucks of FSO treated and untreated during rainy and dry summer seasons. Libido score (LS), mating ability score (MAS) and sex behavioural score (SBS) were estimated at time of semen collection in bucks of FSO treated and untreated during rainy and dry summer seasons. Semen samples (n = 100; 50 semen samples from each season; each 25 semen samples from control and treatment groups per season) were collected and analysed for semen quality profiles. One-way ANOVA (control rainy, control dry, treated rainy and treated dry) revealed that BW, SC, TV and TW, FSH, LH, testosterone, TSH, T3 and T4 were higher (P < 0.05) and cortisol and prolactin were lower (P < 0.05) in FSO treated bucks of rainy season followed by untreated bucks of rainy season, FSO treated bucks of dry summer season and were lower (P < 0.05) in untreated bucks of dry summer season. Similarly, TAC, CAT, SOD and GSH, LS, MAS and SBS, and volume, pH, sperm concentration, mass activity, total motility (TM), viability, acrosomal integrity (AcI), plasma membrane integrity (PMI) and nuclear integrity (NI) were higher (P < 0.05) and MDA and TSA were lower (P < 0.05) in FSO treated bucks of rainy season followed by FSO treated bucks of dry summer season, untreated bucks of rainy season and were lower (P < 0.05) in untreated bucks of dry summer season. The results of the present study indicated that the breeding bucks suffered physiological stress (higher cortisol), oxidative stress (higher MDA and deficiency of antioxidants), hormonal imbalance (higher prolactin and cortisol and deficiency of gonadotropins, gonadal hormone and thyroid hormones) and infertility due to poor libido and poor semen production and its quality profiles during dry summer season. Thus, dry summer was more stressful season compared to rainy season for the goat bucks. FSO supplementation mitigated these stresses and improved the scrotal and testicular biometrics, libido, antioxidants, hormones and semen quality profiles in Teressa goat bucks. The current study concluded that FSO effectively improved the hormones, libido, antioxidant profiles, and scrotal and testicular biometrics with cascading beneficial effects on semen quality profiles in Teressa goat bucks under humid tropical island ecosystem of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Perumal
- Division of Animal Science, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair 744105, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
| | - Jai Sunder
- Division of Animal Science, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair 744105, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - A K De
- Division of Animal Science, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair 744105, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - R R Alyethodi
- Division of Animal Science, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair 744105, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - R Vikram
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-National Research Centre on Mithun, Medziphema 797106, Nagaland, India
| | - V R Upadhyay
- Division of Animal Physiology, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 13200, Haryana, India
| | - S C Mayuri
- Division of Animal Science, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair 744105, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - D Bhattacharya
- Division of Animal Science, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair 744105, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
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Singh M, Mollier RT, Patton RN, Pongener N, Bordoloi LJ, Kumar R, Katiyar R, Khan MH, Rajkhowa D, Mishra VK. Linseed oil in boar's diet improved in vivo fertility and antioxidant status. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:27-38. [PMID: 36069223 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are produced during storage of boar semen are causing oxidative stress and leads to poor fertility. Also, tropical and sub-tropical weather condition adversely impacts the physicomorphological quality and fertility of boar sperm. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of feeding linseed oil to boar on its seminal attributes, sperm kinetics, biomarkers of antioxidant, fatty acid profile of seminal plasma (SP) and sperm and in vivo fertility. Six Hampshire crossbreed boars were fed with 90 ml linseed oil (LIN) whereas six Hampshire crossbreed boars were fed 90 ml canola oil (CON) for 16 weeks. Sperm quality was evaluated (60 ejaculates for each group; a total of 120 ejaculates) for motility, livability, abnormal morphology, acrosomal membrane integrity, hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) and sperm kinetic parameters by computer assisted semen analysis (CASA) at 0 h and at 72 h of storage at 17°C. Biomarkers of antioxidant (glutathione peroxidase; GPx, catalase; CAT, total antioxidant capacity; TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in SP and serum. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the estimation of fatty acid composition of SP and sperm. Boars fed with linseed oil had higher semen volume (p < .01) and more total sperm numbers (p < .01). Feeding linseed oil to boar enhanced seminal attributes (p < .05) at 0 h as well as at 72 h of storage. Linseed oil feeding (p < .01) improved biomarkers of antioxidants and significantly (p < .01) lowered the lipid peroxidation in serum and SP. Linseed oil feeding (p < .05) increased the proportion of alpha linolenic (ALA), arachidonic and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids in SP. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids in sperm increased significantly (p < .01) in treatment group. Farrowing rate was significantly (p < .05) higher in treatment group. In conclusion, feeding linseed oil to boar improved the in vivo fertility, enhanced antioxidant capacity and increased the DHA content of SP and sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahak Singh
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, India
| | | | - Renphamo Nzanthung Patton
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, India
| | - Nungshitula Pongener
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, India
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Division of Animal Health and Fisheries Science, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghala, India
| | - Rahul Katiyar
- Division of Animal Health and Fisheries Science, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghala, India
| | - Meraj Haider Khan
- ICAR - National Research Centre on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, India
| | - Dipjayoti Rajkhowa
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, India
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Yuan C, Zhang K, Wang Z, Ma X, Liu H, Zhao J, Lu W, Wang J. Dietary flaxseed oil and vitamin E improve semen quality via propionic acid metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1139725. [PMID: 37124753 PMCID: PMC10140321 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1139725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Flaxseed oil (FO) and vitamin E (VE) both have antioxidant effects on sperm. The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with FO and/or VE on semen quality. Methods 16 fertile Simmental bulls were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 4): the control group (control diet), FO group (control diet containing 24 g/kg FO), VE group (control diet containing 150 mg/kg VE) and FOVE group (control diet containing 150 mg/kg VE and 24 g/kg FO), and the trial lasted 10 weeks. Results The results showed that the addition of FO independently can increase sperm motion parameters, the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2), while reduce oxidative stress in seminal plasma (P < 0.05). Supplement of VE independently can increased the motility, motility parameters, CAT and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and reduce oxidative stress in seminal plasma (P < 0.05). There was an interaction effect of FO × VE on motility and reactive oxygen species (ROS), while GSH-Px and ROS were affected by week × VE 2-way interaction, levels of T and E2 were also affected by the dietary FO × week interaction (P < 0.05). The triple interaction effects of FO, VE and week were significant for malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, sperm from the FOVE group had a significantly higher in vitro fertilization (IVF) rate, and subsequent embryos had increased developmental ability with reduced ROS levels at the eight-cell stage, then increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and gene expression levels of CAT, CDX2, Nanog, and SOD at the blastocyst stage (P < 0.05). Metabolomic and transcriptomic results indicated that dietary supplementation of FO and VE increased the expression of the metabolite aconitic acid, as well as the expression of ABAT and AHDHA genes. Conclusion With in-silico analysis, it can be concluded that the effects of dietary FO and VE on improving semen quality and embryo development may be related to increased aconitic acid via the ABAT and AHDHA genes involved in the propionic acid metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongshan Yuan
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Lab of the Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kaiyan Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Lab of the Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Lab of the Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Lab of the Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Lab of the Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Lab of the Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhao, ; Wenfa Lu, ; Jun Wang,
| | - Wenfa Lu
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Lab of the Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhao, ; Wenfa Lu, ; Jun Wang,
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of the Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Lab of the Animal Production, Product Quality, and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhao, ; Wenfa Lu, ; Jun Wang,
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Composition of Fatty Acids and Localization of SREBP1 and ELOVL2 Genes in Cauda Epididymides of Hu Sheep with Different Fertility. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233302. [PMID: 36496823 PMCID: PMC9738327 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The epididymis is an organ that transports, matures and stores sperm, and has functions such as secretion and absorption. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) compositions in sperm membrane were changed during the process of epididymis maturation and influence the male fertility. This study aimed to investigate differences in crude fat and fatty acid content in cauda epididymis between high and low fertility of Hu sheep. One hundred and seventy-nine Hu ram lambs were fed from 56 days to 6 months under the same environment. After the feeding trial, all rams were slaughtered, and the body weight, testicular weight, epididymal weight and sperm density were measured. Pearson correlation analysis showed significantly moderate positive correlation between epididymal weight and sperm density and testicular weight. Eighteen rams were selected and divided into the high fertility group (H, n = 9) and low fertility group (L, n = 9) according to the epididymal weight, sperm density and histomorphology. The crude fat content, fatty acid profile and genes related to fatty acid metabolism were detected. The crude fat content, total fatty acid, total n-3 PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3, DHA) content of cauda epididymis in high fertility group was significantly higher than those in low fertility group (p < 0.05). However, the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA was significantly lower than that in group L (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry results showed that SREBP1 and ELOVL2 were expressed in pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium and smooth muscle cells. The mRNA expression of SREBP1 (p = 0.09) and ELOVL2 (p < 0.05) in the high fertility group were increased. In conclusion, the high expression of SREBP1 and ELOVL2 may contribute to high n-3 PUFA content in cauda epididymis of high-fertility Hu sheep.
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Gautier C, Aurich C. "Fine feathers make fine birds" - The mammalian sperm plasma membrane lipid composition and effects on assisted reproduction. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 246:106884. [PMID: 34776291 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The sperm plasma membrane is important in modulating many sperm functions. The sperm membrane is composed of a complex mixture of lipids including phospholipids, glycolipids and sterols. There are differences of sperm membrane composition among mammalian species with two groups differing in the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), either docosahexaenoic (ω-3 PUFA) or docosapentaenoic acid (ω-6 PUFA). During testicular and epididymal maturation, composition of the sperm plasma membrane evolves with spermatozoa gaining the capacity for fertilization. The importance of fatty acid metabolism for complete spermatogenesis has been elucidated using gene knockout mice. During epididymal transit cholesterol content decreases and PUFA content increases, conferring more fluidity properties to the sperm membrane. The relatively lesser content of antioxidant enzymes and the relatively larger content of PUFA make the spermatozoa particularly susceptible to lipid peroxidation during sperm preservation. In numerous studies, there was adding of PUFA and antioxidants to the diet of animals or to semen extenders with the aim to improve sperm membrane integrity. This review highlights the current knowledge on the sperm membrane composition and effects on sperm function in mammalian domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Gautier
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Aurich
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
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10
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Singh M, Mollier RT, Pongener N, Bordoloi LJ, Kumar R, Chaudhary JK, Katiyar R, Khan MH, Rajkhowa DJ, Mishra VK. Linseed oil in boar's diet during high temperature humidity index (THI) period improves sperm quality characteristics, antioxidant status and fatty acid composition of sperm under hot humid sub-tropical climate. Theriogenology 2022; 189:127-136. [PMID: 35753226 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Environmental heat stress in sub-tropical climates negatively impacts boar semen production and its quality. The present study aimed to examine the heat stress alleviating effects of dietary linseed oil on semen quality and antioxidant status of boar, in the summer and winter seasons in sub-tropical climate. Six Hampshire crossbreed boars were fed with 90 mL linseed oil (treatment) whereas six boars of the same breed were fed 90 mL vegetable oil (control) for sixteen weeks during both season. Sperm quality was assessed for motility, viability, abnormality, acrosomal integrity, and Hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST). Sperm velocity attributes were assessed by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). Antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase; GPx, catalase; CAT, total antioxidant capacity; TAC and nitric oxide; NO) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA) were measured in seminal plasma and serum. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the estimation of fatty acid composition of seminal plasma and spermatozoa. Feeding linseed oil to the boars significantly (p < 0.05) improved sperm quality at the fresh stage and after 72 h of liquid storage in both season. There was a significant (p < 0.01) effect of treatment and season on semen quality parameters. Significant boar (p < 0.05) effect was recorded on reaction time, semen volume, sperm abnormality, acrosomal integrity and HOST reactive sperm. There was a significant (p < 0.01) effect of treatment and season on the velocity attributes viz. VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF and STR%. Linseed oil supplementation significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced antioxidant and lowered MDA levels in serum as well as seminal plasma. The concentration of alpha-linolenic (ALA), arachidonic and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids were significantly (p < 0.01) increased in seminal plasma and sperm after linseed oil supplementation. In conclusion, linseed oil supplementation to boar during high THI months improved the semen quality parameters viz. semen volume, sperm concentration, and progressive motile sperm, along with enhanced antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahak Singh
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.
| | - R Talimoa Mollier
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - Nungshitula Pongener
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - L J Bordoloi
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Division of Animal Health and Fisheries Science, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - J K Chaudhary
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, 796014, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Rahul Katiyar
- Division of Animal Health and Fisheries Science, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - M H Khan
- ICAR - National Research Centre on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - D J Rajkhowa
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - V K Mishra
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
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Himanshu B, Arangasamy A, Sharanya JN, Soren N, Selvaraju S, Ghosh J, Backialakhmi S, Rani G, Ghosh S, Chouhan V, Kumar H, Bhatta R. Supplementation Effect of Dietary Flax Seed and Coconut Oil on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, LPO, Seminal plasma protein profiling in adult ram. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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12
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Liu J, Yao T, Weng X, Yao R, Li W, Xie L, Yue X, Li F. Antioxidant properties and transcriptome of cauda epididymis with different levels of fertility in Hu lambs. Theriogenology 2022; 182:85-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Ngcobo JN, Ramukhithi FV, Nephawe KA, Mpofu TJ, Chokoe TC, Nedambale TL. Flaxseed Oil as a Source of Omega n-3 Fatty Acids to Improve Semen Quality from Livestock Animals: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123395. [PMID: 34944172 PMCID: PMC8698102 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In response to the conservation of threatened livestock species, different strategies to improve semen quality have been developed. However, spermatozoa remain sensitive to cryopreservation damages especially that of avian species, thus limiting the use of reproductive biotechnologies such as artificial insemination in the conservation programs. Improving semen quality through dietary inclusion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids sources mainly omega n-3 has received research interest. This review explains the role of flaxseed oil as a source of omega n-3 fatty acids to improve semen quality. Comprehensive information elaborated in this review is believed to promote the use of flaxseed oil as an alternative source of omega n-3 fatty acids to fish oil. This is because fisheries are over-exploited and could collapse. Abstract The demand to conserve indigenous species through the cryo-gene bank is increasing. Spermatozoa remain sensitive to cryopreservation damages especially that of avian species thus limiting the use of reproductive biotechnologies such as artificial insemination in the conservation programs. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFAs), specifically omega n-3, expanded a research interest to improve animal reproductive efficiency through improving spermatozoa quality. This is driven by the fact that mammals cannot synthesize omega-3 de-novo because they lack delta-12 and delta-15 desaturase enzymes thus supplemented in the diet is mandatory. Delta-12 and delta-15 add a double bond at the 12th and 15th carbon-carbon bond from the methyl end of fatty acids, lengthening the chain to 22 carbon molecules. Fish oil is a pioneer source of omega n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. However, there is a report that numerous fisheries are over-exploited and could collapse. Furthermore, processing techniques used for processing by-products could complement alterations of the amino acid profile and reduce protein retrieval. Alternatively, flaxseed oil contains ±52–58% of total fatty acids and lignans in the form of α-linolenic and linoleic acid. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA,18:3n-3) is enzymatically broken-down de-novo by delta-6 desaturase and lengthened into a long-chain carbon molecule such as eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3). Nevertheless, controversial findings following the enrichment of diet with flaxseed oil have been reported. Therefore, this paper is aimed to postulate the role of flaxseed oil as an alternative source of omega n-3 and n-6 fatty acids to improve semen quality and quantity from livestock animals. These include the interaction between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and spermatogenesis, the interaction between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and testicular cells, and the effect of flaxseed oil on semen quality. It additionally assesses the antioxidants to balance the level of PUFAs in the semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabulani Nkululeko Ngcobo
- Department of Animal Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (K.A.N.); (T.J.M.); (T.L.N.)
- Agricultural Research Council, Germplasm, Conservation, Reproductive Biotechnologies, Private Bag 0062, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-67-282-4956
| | - Fhulufhelo Vincent Ramukhithi
- Agricultural Research Council, Germplasm, Conservation, Reproductive Biotechnologies, Private Bag 0062, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Khathutshelo Agree Nephawe
- Department of Animal Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (K.A.N.); (T.J.M.); (T.L.N.)
| | - Takalani Judas Mpofu
- Department of Animal Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (K.A.N.); (T.J.M.); (T.L.N.)
| | - Tlou Caswell Chokoe
- Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, Directorate, Farm Animal Genetic Resource, Private Bag X250, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Tshimangadzo Lucky Nedambale
- Department of Animal Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (K.A.N.); (T.J.M.); (T.L.N.)
- Agricultural Research Council, Germplasm, Conservation, Reproductive Biotechnologies, Private Bag 0062, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
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Delis-Hechavarria EA, Guevara-Gonzalez RG, Ocampo-Velazquez R, Gomez-Soto JG, Vargas-Hernandez M, Parola-Contreras I, Torres-Pacheco I. Functional Food for Rabbits. Current Approaches and Trends to Increase Functionality. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1939711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. G. Guevara-Gonzalez
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - R.V. Ocampo-Velazquez
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - J. G. Gomez-Soto
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Natural Science College, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - M. Vargas-Hernandez
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - I. Parola-Contreras
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - I. Torres-Pacheco
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
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15
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Vizzari F, Massányi M, Knížatová N, Corino C, Rossi R, Ondruška Ľ, Tirpák F, Halo M, Massányi P. Effects of dietary plant polyphenols and seaweed extract mixture on male-rabbit semen: Quality traits and antioxidant markers. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:1017-1025. [PMID: 33424395 PMCID: PMC7783798 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Feed additive consisting of polysaccharides from brown seaweeds plus phenolic acid, hydroxycinnamic acids, tannins, and flavonoids from plant extracts, was used as rabbit food supplement. Main aim of the study was to determine the effect of natural mix of marine and freshwater seaweed polyphenols on selected reproductive characteristics of male rabbits during the 90-days experiment. Natural mix was incorporated in feed-pellets for rabbits in two different concentrations - 0.3% (T1 group) and 0.6% (T2 group), compared with a control group (C group). In experimental groups a significant increase of concentration of calcium during first 30 days of supplementation was found. An increase of alanine aminotransferase, glutathione peroxidase and ferric reducing ability of plasma and a decrease in aspartate aminotransferase after 90 days were recorded in the same groups. Except for that we noticed decrease of semen distance of curved line and velocity of curved line after 30 days though only while being supplemented with 0.6% proportion of seaweed polyphenols in feed mixture. Based on the results it can be stated that the natural mix in the tested levels do not show adverse effect on male rabbit reproductive parameters, and an improvement of antioxidant status was observed. The feed additives can have a very important effect on growth, health and development of animals in general as it supplies the with the much-needed minerals, nutritional substances and antioxidants, on which we focused in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Vizzari
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Martin Massányi
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Nikola Knížatová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Carlo Corino
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rossi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Filip Tirpák
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marko Halo
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Massányi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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16
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Silva LKX, Lourenço JDB, da Silva AOA, de Sousa JS, Silva AGME, Dos Reis AN, Miranda MDS, Santos SDSD, Ohashi OM, Martorano LG, da Rocha GN, Faturi C, de Morais E, Mares ÉKL, Garcia AR. Increased quality of in natura and cryopreserved semen of water buffaloes supplemented with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the palm oil industry. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20200522. [PMID: 33791028 PMCID: PMC7995264 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruminant energy supplementation with vegetable oils or fats has been standing out worldwide and oil palm processing has been receiving growing interest. This study assessed the effect of supplementation with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the palm oil industry on the lipid profile of seminal plasma and of the sperm membrane, as well as on the morphological and functional characteristics of raw and cryopreserved buffalo semen. Twelve purebred Murrah bulls (Bubalus bubalis) were assigned to the experimental groups and fed diets for 120 days with no added lipids (CONT, four bulls), or with an extra amount of 3% lipids from crude palm oil (PALM, four bulls), or from palm oil deodorizer distillate (PODD, four bulls). Semen was collected and cryopreserved every 15 days. The lipid composition of membranes and semen quality were determined after collections. Lipid supplementation did not impact feed intake (P>0.05). Diet enrichment with PALM increased the linoleic acid (C18:2,ω6) in seminal plasma. Lipid supplementation did not increase the polyunsaturated fatty acids in the sperm membrane composition, but significantly increased the lignoceric acid (C24:0). Cryopreserved semen of the supplemented bulls presented higher progressive motility (60.2 vs. 67.9 vs. 65.2%; P<0.05) and sperm viability detected by eosin-nigrosin staining (61.1 vs. 69.4 vs. 67.8%; P<0.05). Palm oil reduced major sperm defects in both raw (12.2 vs. 9.3 vs. 13.2%; P<0.0001) and cryopreserved semen (12.4 vs. 9.4 vs. 11.2%; P<0.0001). The lipids added to the diet did not impact the population of spermatozoa with intact plasma and acrosomal membranes (PI-/PSA-), but significantly increased the percentage of spermatozoa with high mitochondrial potential (25.6 vs. 31.5 vs. 32.0%; P=0.008). The results suggest that lipid supplementation based on crude palm oil or palm oil deodorizer distillate can be safely used to feed buffalo bulls and may increase sperm attributes related to male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Silva de Sousa
- Centro de Biotecnologia em Reprodução Animal, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil
| | | | - Adriana Novaes Dos Reis
- Centro de Biotecnologia em Reprodução Animal, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil
| | - Moysés Dos Santos Miranda
- Laboratório de Fertilização in Vitro, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | | | - Otávio Mitio Ohashi
- Laboratório de Fertilização in Vitro, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | | | | | - Cristian Faturi
- Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Eziquiel de Morais
- Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil
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17
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Singh M, Talimoa Mollier R, Sharma PR, Kadirvel G, Doley S, Sanjukta RK, Rajkhowa DJ, Kandpal BK, Kumar D, Khan MH, Mitra A. Dietary flaxseed oil improve boar semen quality, antioxidant status and in-vivo fertility in humid sub-tropical region of North East India. Theriogenology 2020; 159:123-131. [PMID: 33137633 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental stress in the form of high temperature humidity index (THI) in tropical and sub-tropical region negatively affects semen quality and fertility of boar. Therefore, the present study was done to evaluate the effect of supplementing flaxseed oil (FLO) to boar's diet on its semen quality, antioxidant status, fatty acid composition of seminal plasma and fertility under sub-tropical climate. For this purpose, six Hampshire crossbreed (50% Hampshire and 50% Gunghroo) boars were divided into two groups i.e control (CON) and treatment (FLO). In FLO and CON group, flaxseed and vegetable oil, respectively, was top dressed at the rate of 3% in basal diets for each boar on daily basis for 16 weeks during monsoon season. A total of 60 ejaculates, comprising 30 ejaculates from each group (ten ejaculates from each boar) were collected. Semen samples were evaluated for sperm quality parameters (SQPs: motility, viability, abnormality, acrosomal integrity and Hypo-osmotic swelling test) and velocity attributes by computer assisted semen analysis (CASA) at fresh and after 72 h of preservation at 17 °C. Antioxidant (glutathione peroxidase; GPx, catalase; CAT, total antioxidant capacity; TAC and malondialdehyde; MDA) were analyzed in seminal plasma and serum. Fatty acid compositions of seminal plasma were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In-vivo fertility study was also conducted. Reaction time and false mounts were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in FLO group as compared to CON group. Semen quality parameters were significantly (p < 0.05) improved at fresh stage and after 72 h of liquid storage in FLO group as compared to CON group. Velocity attributes (VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF and LIN) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in FLO group. Flaxseed oil supplementation significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced serum GPx and CAT concentration. Serum and seminal plasma MDA concentration decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in FLO group. Similarly, GPx, TAC and CAT were significantly (p < 0.01) elevated in seminal plasma of FLO group. The study revealed that feeding of flaxseed oil altered the fatty acid composition of seminal plasma and significantly (p < 0.05) improved the farrowing rate. In summary, flaxseed oil supplementation improved the semen quality parameters and fertility of boars in sub-tropical climate by improving the antioxidant capacity and altering the fatty acid composition of seminal plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahak Singh
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.
| | - R Talimoa Mollier
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - Ph Romen Sharma
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Jharnapani, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - G Kadirvel
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - S Doley
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - R K Sanjukta
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - D J Rajkhowa
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Jharnapani, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - B K Kandpal
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Animal Science, (Animal Nutrition), College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Tikamgarh, M.P, 472001, India
| | - M H Khan
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
| | - A Mitra
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India
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18
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Gandeshmin AP, Sharafi M, Alizadeh A. Enhancement of rooster semen freezing ability with the use of dietary sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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HUNDAL JS, MAVI GK, CHEEMA RS, AHUJA AK, SHARMA A, WADHWA M. Effect of dietary supplementation of omega-3 rich oils on seminal characteristics, oxidative stress and plasma testosterone levels in Beetal bucks. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v90i5.104620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of dietary supplementation of omega-3 rich oils, chia seed oil (CSO; Salvia hispanica) and linseed oil (LSO; Linum usitatissimum), on seminal characteristics, and plasma testosterone levels in Beetal bucks. The bucks were fed diet supplemented with either LSO or CSO @1% on dry matter basis or un- supplemented diet for 100 days. Daily intake of omega-3 fatty acids was 0.60 (control diet), 4.04 (diet supplemented with LSO) and 4.57 g (diet supplemented with CSO). Ultrasonography revealed no significant improvement in the testicular size yet the growth rate was much high in animals fed omega-3 supplemented diet. Ejaculate volume, individual motility, viability, sperm concentration, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity were significantly higher in bucks fed CSO supplemented diet as compared to LSO and control diet. The percentage of abnormal spermatozoa was significantly less in bucks fed CSO and LSO diet than control. Melanoaldehyde (MDA, μmole/109 sperm) concentration was lowest in bucks fed CSO diet followed by LSO and control diet. Activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and catalase was significantly higher in spermatozoa of bucks fed CSO and LSO diet as compared to control. Bucks fed CSO and LSO supplemented diet had nonsignificantly higher plasma testosterone concentrations than control. These findings indicated that CSO supplementation in the diets may be helpful in improving the process of spermatogenesis, sperm output, quality and fertility of bucks.
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Abbaspour B, Sharifi SD, Ghazanfari S, Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh A, Honarbakhsh S. Effect of dietary supplementation of whole flaxseed on sperm traits and sperm fatty acid profile in aged broiler breeder roosters. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:594-603. [PMID: 32073694 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of whole flaxseed on sperm traits and sperm fatty acid profile in aged broiler breeder roosters. Twelve Ross 308 broiler breeder roosters (age: 52 weeks; weight: 4,900 ± 210 g) haphazardly allotted to three dietary treatments (each treatment contained four replicates and one bird in each replicate) for six weeks. Treatments were different levels of flaxseed (0% flaxseed [GFL0], 2% flaxseed [GFL2] and 4% flaxseed [GFL4]). The feed intake quadratically decreased (p < .05) with increasing whole flaxseed levels for the period (58 to 60 weeks). Sperm traits (semen volume and sperm concentration, sperm total and forward motility, sperm viability and morphology, sperm plasma membrane functionality) were evaluated every two weeks (four times), and sperm fatty acid profile was assessed at the end of the experiment. Semen volume, sperm concentration and sperm morphology were not affected by treatments. On week 60, GFL2 group showed a significantly lower percentage of total and progressive sperm motility and sperm membrane functionality in comparison with the control and GFL4 groups. Also, sperm viability was lower in GFL2 group compared with other groups on week 58 (p < .05). In terms of sperm fatty acid profile, GFL2 group significantly reduced the percentage of linoleic acid (C18:2 [n-6]) in comparison with other groups. However, any of the other fatty acids were not affected by dietary flaxseed. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of whole flaxseed could not improve the quality of aged broiler breeder roosters' sperm in this study, nor it could alter the sperm fatty acid profile; thus, it seems necessary to use some antioxidants such as vitamin E in the diet of aged broiler breeder roosters, when supplementing the diets with oils or oilseeds such as flaxseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Abbaspour
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davood Sharifi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufe Ghazanfari
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Honarbakhsh
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
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Khoshniat MT, Towhidi A, Rezayazdi K, Zhandi M, Rostami F, Dadashpour Davachi N, Khalooee F, Kastelic J. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids from linseed oil improve quality of post-thaw but not fresh sperm in Holstein bulls. Cryobiology 2020; 93:102-108. [PMID: 32035865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a member of the n-3 fatty acid family present in fish oil, has several positive effects on bovine sperm, including membrane integrity, motility and viability, as well as cold sensitivity. Our objective was to investigate effects of varying amounts of omega-3 fatty acids from linseed oil, administered orally, on quality of fresh and frozen-thawed bull sperm. Twenty fertile Holstein bulls (874 ± 45.38 kg) were randomly and equally assigned to four groups and received encapsulated (rumen-protected) fats for 12 weeks, as follows: group P, 300 g palm oil; group Pl, 200 g palm oil + 100 g linseed oil; group pL, 100 g palm oil + 200 g linseed oil; and group L, 300 g linseed oil. Sperm quality of fresh and frozen-thawed semen was evaluated by routine assays including sperm motion characteristics (CASA), membrane integrity (eosin-nigrosin), membrane activity (hypo-osmotic swelling test; HOST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. There were no significant differences among groups in semen volume, sperm concentration or sperm quality parameters in fresh semen. However, after freezing-thawing, total and progressive motility in group P (59.61 ± 1.95 and 40.19 ± 2.48%, respectively; LSM ± SEM) were lower (P < 0.05) than in groups Pl (66.06 ± 1.95 and 47.53 ± 2.48%), pL (65.67 ± 1.95 and 47.48 ± 2.48%) and L (65.36 ± 1.95 and 47.62 ± 2.48)%, with no significant differences among the latter three groups. Furthermore, membrane integrity (eosin-nigrosin) and activity (HOST) were lower (P < 0.05) in group P (55.79 ± 2.15 and 42.19 ± 2.17%) compared to groups Pl (62.73 ± 2.15 and 48.93 ± 2.17%), pL (64.06 ± 2.15 and 50.01 ± 2.17%) and L (64.47 ± 2.15 and 49.68 ± 2.17%), with no significant differences among the latter three. Furthermore, there were more (P < 0.05) morphologically abnormal sperm in group P (25.99 ± 1.62%) than in groups Pl, PL and L (21.55 ± 1.62, 21.69 ± 1.62 and 20.90 ± 1.62%). In conclusion, feeding Holstein bulls 100-300 g linseed oil daily improved sperm cryotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghi Khoshniat
- Department of Animal Science, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Armin Towhidi
- Department of Animal Science, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Kamran Rezayazdi
- Department of Animal Science, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zhandi
- Department of Animal Science, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farnoush Rostami
- Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Navid Dadashpour Davachi
- Department of Research, Breeding and Production of Laboratory Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khalooee
- Department of Animal Science, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - John Kastelic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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22
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Collodel G, Castellini C, Lee JCY, Signorini C. Relevance of Fatty Acids to Sperm Maturation and Quality. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7038124. [PMID: 32089776 PMCID: PMC7025069 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7038124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Almost 50% of infertility cases are associated with human male infertility. The sperm membrane is a key structure influencing sperm morphology and function in normal and pathological conditions. The fatty acid profile determines the performance not only of sperm motility but also of acrosomal reaction and sperm-oocyte fusion. This review presents available knowledge on the role of fatty acid composition in human sperm and spermatogenesis and discusses the influence of dietary fatty acids on the sperm fatty acid profile. Recent studies in biological sciences and clinical researches in this field are also reported. The topic object of this review has potential application in medicine by identifying potential causes of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 14, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 14, 53100 Siena, Italy
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23
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Effects of Diets Enriched in Linseed and Fish Oil on the Expression Pattern of Toll-Like Receptors 4 and Proinflammatory Cytokines on Gonadal Axis and Reproductive Organs in Rabbit Buck. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4327470. [PMID: 32064024 PMCID: PMC6996712 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4327470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Infections of the genital tract can perturb the fertility in humans and animals. Pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity onset through the pattern recognition receptor activation, such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), leading to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators. TLR4 is expressed both on leukocytes and nonimmune cells. Rabbit TLR4 shows great similarity to its human counterpart. Moreover, the TLR4 signalling pathway could be modulated by long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the expression levels of TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokines in the reproductive hypothalamic-gonadal axis of the male rabbit and (ii) to evaluate if the n-3 PUFA-enriched diets can modify their expression levels in the tissues and LC-PUFA profiles in seminal plasma. Fifteen rabbit bucks (n = 5/experimental group) were fed with different diets: commercial standard (group C), rich in extruded linseed (10%, group L), and in fish oil (3%, group FO) for 110 days. TLR4, TNF-α, and IL-1β mRNA were ubiquitously expressed throughout the hypothalamic-gonadal axis. However, TLR4 mRNA expression was lower in the hypothalamus than the epididymis (P < 0.01), seminal vesicles (P < 0.01), and pituitary gland (P < 0.05). Dietary enrichment in PUFA did not modify the gene expression profile nor the histological characteristics of the tissues. Conversely in seminal plasma, rabbits fed with L and FO had lower n-6 (P < 0.05), LC-PUFA n-6 (P < 0.05), and n-6/n-3 ratio (P < 0.05) but higher n-3 (P < 0.001) and LC-PUFA n-3 (P < 0.01) compared to the control group. Our study builds a map of the gene expression of TRL4 and proinflammatory cytokines in the reproductive hypothalamic-gonadal axis of the male rabbit, fundamental step for understanding the immune defence mechanisms. Diets enriched in LC-PUFA did not affect basal gene expression but modulated sperm fatty acid composition. Finally, rabbit may be an excellent animal model to study the relationship between inflammation and infertility, and the nutritional modulation of immune functions.
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Effect of Dietary n-3 Source on Rabbit Male Reproduction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3279670. [PMID: 32082475 PMCID: PMC7011472 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3279670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades, the human sperm count linearly decreased in Western countries. Health problems, lifestyle, pollutants, and dietary behaviours are considered as the main risk factors, and the unbalance of dietary n‐6/n‐3 fatty acids is one of the most relevant. The aim of the present research is to study the effect of different dietary sources of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on reproductive traits using rabbit buck as the animal model. Fifteen rabbit bucks were assigned to three experimental groups: the control group, the FLAX group fed 10% extruded flaxseed, and the FISH group fed 3.5% fish oil for 110 days (50-day adaptation and 60-day experimental periods). Semen samples were collected weekly, whereas blood was collected every two weeks for the analytical determination of semen traits, oxidative status, fatty acid profiles, isoprostanes, neuroprostanes, and the immunocytochemistry of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acid. At the end of the trial, the rabbits were killed and the testes were removed and stored for the analysis of fatty acid profile and immunocytochemistry. Results showed that dietary administration of n‐3 PUFA improved the track speed of the sperm and increased the n‐3 long-chain PUFA mainly confined in the sperm tail. Seminal plasma increased the thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARs) by three times in the groups fed supplemental n‐3, whereas the F2-isoprotanes (F2-IsoPs) and F4-neuroprostanes (F4-NeuroPs) were lower and higher, respectively, in both supplemented groups than in the control. The testes and sperm showed a higher DHA and EPA distribution in rabbits from the n‐3 supplemented groups compared with the control. In conclusion, supplemental dietary n‐3 PUFA improved sperm motion traits and resulted in an enrichment of membrane fatty acid in the sperm and testes of the rabbits. However, such an increased amount of PUFA negatively affected the sperm oxidative status, which was mainly correlated with the generation of F4-NeuroPs with respect to F2-IsoPs. Accordingly, the latter cannot be considered a good marker of oxidation when diets rich in n‐3 PUFA are provided.
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25
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Rodríguez M, G Rebollar P, Mattioli S, Castellini C. n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100806. [PMID: 31618904 PMCID: PMC6827073 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review compares the effects of different n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sources on biological activity, physiological/reproductive endpoints, and health implications with a special emphasis on a rabbit case study. Linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are members of two classes of PUFAs, namely the n-6 and n-3 series, which are required for normal human health. Both are considered precursors of a cascade of molecules (eicosanoids), which take part in many biological processes (inflammation, vasoconstriction/vasodilation, thromboregulation, etc.). However, their biological functions are opposite and are mainly related to the form (precursor or long-chain products) in which they were administered and to the enzyme-substrate preference. ALA is widely present in common vegetable oils and foods, marine algae, and natural herbs, whereas its long-chain PUFA derivatives are available mainly in fish and animal product origins. Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of n-3 PUFAs seems mostly to be tissue-dependent and acts in a tissue-selective manner. Furthermore, dietary n-3 PUFAs widely affect the lipid oxidation susceptibility of all tissues. In conclusion, sustainable sources of n-3 PUFAs are limited and exert a different effect about (1) the form in which they are administered, precursor or derivatives; (2) their antioxidant protections; and (3) the purpose to be achieved (health improvement, physiological and reproductive traits, metabolic pathways, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pilar G Rebollar
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
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26
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Bianconi S, Stutz G, Solís MR, Martini AC, Vincenti LM, Ponzio MF, Luque E, Avendaño C, Quiroga P, Santillán ME. Maternal and postnatal high-fat diets with high ω6 : ω3 ratios affect the reproductive performance of male offspring in the mouse. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 30:1491-1502. [PMID: 29791833 DOI: 10.1071/rd17552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) are an acknowledged risk factor for male subfertility, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study we compared the effects of two HFDs with different ω6:ω3 ratios, one enriched with soy oil (SOD; ω6:ω3=9.62) and another enriched with sunflower oil (SFOD; ω6:ω3=51.55), with those of a commercial diet (CD; ω6:ω3=19.87), supplied from pregnancy to adulthood, on morphometric parameters and reproductive performance in adult male mice (recommended ω6:ω3 for rodents=1-6). Bodyweight was significantly higher in the SFOD than CD group, and relative testicular weight was significantly lower in the SFOD than the other two groups. SFOD altered sperm performance: it reduced sperm viability (mean±s.e.m.; 76.00±1.35% vs 82.50±1.45% and 80.63±1.00% in the SFOD vs CD and SOD groups respectively; P<0.05) and increased the percentage of immature spermatozoa (71.88±7.17% vs 51.38±5.87% and 48.00±5.72% in the SFOD vs CD and SOD groups respectively; P<0.05). The epididymal ω6:ω3 ratio was higher in the SFOD versus CD and SOD groups, whereas the unsaturation index was higher in the SOD and SFOD groups than in CD group. Sperm membrane integrity was diminished in both the SOD and SFOD groups, but there was no difference in sperm reactive oxygen species production in these two groups compared with the CD group. The fertilisation rate was lower in the SFOD compared with the CD and SOD groups. In conclusion, although both HFDs affected sperm quality, the fertilising ability was more altered by the excessive dietary ω6:ω3 ratio than by the net ω6 content.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bianconi
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - G Stutz
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M R Solís
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A C Martini
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L M Vincenti
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M F Ponzio
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - E Luque
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C Avendaño
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - P Quiroga
- Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M E Santillán
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
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27
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Flaxseed oil modulates semen production and its quality profiles, freezability, testicular biometrics and endocrinological profiles in mithun. Theriogenology 2019; 136:47-59. [PMID: 31247386 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mithun (Bos frontalis) is a unique domestic free range bovine species of North Eastern Hilly (NEH) regions of India. Effect of feed supplementation of Flaxseed oil (FSO) on semen production and its quality profiles, freezability, oxidative stress, apoptotic sperm percentage and subsequently on endocrinological profiles & scrotal and testicular biometrics in different seasons was studied in mithun. The experimental animals were divided into two groups, Gr I: Control (n = 3) and Gr II: Treatment (n = 3; Flaxseed oil @ 150 mL/day). FSO was supplemented through oral drench in the morning hours just before concentrate feeding. A total of 80 semen samples (n = 80; 20 semen samples from each season; each 10 semen samples from control and treatment groups per season) were collected, not more than twice per week in winter, spring, autumn and summer seasons. Semen quality profiles (SQPs) such as volume, sperm concentration, motility (forward progressive and total), motility & velocity profiles by computer assisted sperm analyser (CASA), viability, total sperm abnormality, acrosome integrity, plasma membrane & nuclear abnormality and apoptotic sperm percentage were estimated in fresh semen. Along with SQPs measured in fresh semen, motility in estrus bovine cervical mucus (bovine cervical mucus penetration test; BCMPT) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by JC-1 stain were determined in the post-thawed semen samples. Biochemical profiles (aspartate aminotransferase; AST, alanine aminotransferase; ALT, total cholesterol; CHO), antioxidant profiles (superoxide dismutase; SOD, catalase; CAT, glutathione; GSH, total antioxidant capacity; TAC) and oxidative stress profile (malondialdehyde; MDA) were estimated in fresh semen whereas AST, ALT, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), TAC and MDA were estimated in the frozen thawed semen samples. Endocrinological profiles such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, cortisol and thyroxin and scrotal circumference (SC) & testicular biometrics were measured in both groups in different seasons. Result revealed a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in motility (total & forward progressive, motility & velocity by CASA and vanguard distance in cervical mucus), viability, intactness of acrosome & plasma membrane, MMP, antioxidant profiles and reduction in total sperm and nuclear abnormalities, reduction in leakage of intracellular enzymes and reduction in oxidative stress profile and reduction of apoptotic sperm percentage were observed in FSO supplemented than in un-supplemented control group accordingly in fresh and post thawed semen samples. Blood FSH, LH, testosterone and thyroxin concentration were significantly (p < 0.05) increased and cortisol concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in FSO supplemented group than in unsupplemented control group. Similarly, SC and testicular biometrics were increased significantly (p < 0.05) in supplemented than unsupplemented group for different seasons and significantly (p < 0.05) higher in winter and spring than in summer season in the experimental groups. It can be concluded from the study that supplementation of FSO can effectively be utilized to improve the antioxidant profiles, reduction of oxidative stress with cascading beneficial effects on SQPs and fertility status of the mithun bull.
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28
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Dietary supplementation with flaxseed oil as source of Omega-3 fatty acids improves seminal quality and reproductive performance in aged broiler breeder roosters. Theriogenology 2019; 130:41-48. [PMID: 30861486 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive performance in aged broiler breeder roosters is not desirable. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of dietary flaxseed oil and vitamin E on the semen parameters, hormonal profiles, fatty acid analysis of sperm, and fertility performance of aged roosters. Twenty four roosters were assigned into four treatments and received their diets as following: 1) basal diet as control group (CTRL), 2) basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg vitamin E (CTRL + VITE), 3) basal diet supplemented with 2% flaxseed oil (FLAX) and 4) basal diet supplemented with 2% flaxseed oil plus 200 mg/kg vitamin E (FLAX + VITE). Roosters were fed their diets for 60 days and then, different characteristics of reproduction in the roosters were examined during experiment. Different diets affected semen parameters (P ≤ 0.05) except semen volume and morphology. Various characteristics of semen were significant (P ≤ 0.05) during different times of experiment excluding the total motility, membrane integrity and morphology. The higher percentage of sperm concentration, total motility, progressive motility, viability and membrane integrity accorded with a lower lipid peroxidation were observed in the roosters fed diet of FLAX + VITE (P ≤ 0.05). A higher concentration of testosterone was detected in roosters fed FALX + VITE at day 60 (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, the percentage docosapantaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of sperm were increased in the diet of FLAX (P ≤ 0.05). Finally, rate of fertility after artificial insemination was significantly higher in the diet of FLAX + VITE. It seems that supplementation of aged roosters' diet with flaxseed oil and VITE improves the semen performance and fertility potential that can be a suitable strategy to preserve the reproductive performance of aged rooters.
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29
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Alonge S, Melandri M, Leoci R, Lacalandra GM, Caira M, Aiudi GG. The Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Vitamin E, Selenium, Zinc, Folic Acid, and N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Sperm Motility and Membrane Properties in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E34. [PMID: 30682789 PMCID: PMC6406517 DOI: 10.3390/ani9020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-fertility represents a common challenge in canine reproduction. Different protocols, supplementing daily given quantities of micronutrients, were investigated to improve poor sperm concentration and/or function, which represent breeding major constraining factors in the canine species. Little information is available for dogs concerning the effect of a daily supplementation with a complex of vitamin E, zinc, selenium, folic acid, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on semen quality. Thus, the present study investigated this effect on semen motility and sperm membrane properties. Serial semen analyses from fourteen healthy normospermic dogs, fed with the same commercial diet, were performed on Days 0 (T0), 30 (T30), 60 (T60), and 90 (T90). Seven dogs were randomly included in the treatment (T) group, receiving a supplementation of vitamin E, zinc, selenium, folic acid, n-3 PUFA; and seven other subjects composed the control (C) group. Total Sperm Count (TSC), Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) indexes, mortality, and functional membrane integrity were assessed. The ANOVA compared results between groups and sampling times (p < 0.05). From T60, the supplementation significantly improved TSC, progressive motility, functional membrane integrity, and decreased mortality. Present results lead us to consider ameliorative effects of a two-month healthy diet supplementation on canine spermatozoa. The positive effects of the described balanced integration of micronutrients on sperm motility and prevention of oxidative stress should be considered, especially when decreased seminal parameters may result from inadequate intake, reduced absorption, increased losses or demand, or to attenuate the impact of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Alonge
- Società Veterinaria "Il Melograno" Srl, via Cavour 48, 21018 Sesto Calende, Varese, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DiMeV), Sezione di Chirurgia e Ostetricia, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
| | - Monica Melandri
- Società Veterinaria "Il Melograno" Srl, via Cavour 48, 21018 Sesto Calende, Varese, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Leoci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DiMeV), Sezione di Chirurgia e Ostetricia, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
| | - Giovanni M Lacalandra
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DiMeV), Sezione di Chirurgia e Ostetricia, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
| | - Michele Caira
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DiMeV), Sezione di Chirurgia e Ostetricia, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
| | - Giulio G Aiudi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DiMeV), Sezione di Chirurgia e Ostetricia, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
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Emmanuel DC, Amaka AE, Okezie ES, Sunday UP, Ethelbert OC. Epididymal Sperm Characteristics, Testicular Morphometric Traits and Growth Parameters of Rabbit Bucks Fed Dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Zinc Oxide. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - AE Amaka
- University of Nigeria, Nigeria; University of Fort Hare, South Africa
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Safari Asl R, Shariatmadari F, Sharafi M, Karimi Torshizi MA, Shahverdi A. Improvements in semen quality, sperm fatty acids, and reproductive performance in aged Ross breeder roosters fed a diet supplemented with a moderate ratio of n-3: n-6 fatty acids. Poult Sci 2018; 97:4113-4121. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Moallem U. Invited review: Roles of dietary n-3 fatty acids in performance, milk fat composition, and reproductive and immune systems in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:8641-8661. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Hashem NM, Abo-Elsoud MA, Nour El-Din ANM, Kamel KI, Hassan GA. Prolonged exposure of dietary phytoestrogens on semen characteristics and reproductive performance of rabbit bucks. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2018; 64:84-92. [PMID: 29754011 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of inclusion of different sources of dietary phytoestrogens on antioxidant capacity, hormonal balance, libido, semen quality, and fertility of rabbit bucks were studied. Twenty-one, adult, fertile, V-line bucks were randomly allocated into 3 homogenous groups (n = 7/treatment) and received control diet (phytoestrogens-free diet, CON) or soybean meal isoflavones-containing diet (SMI) or linseed meal lignans-containing diet (LML) for 12 wk. The diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. The concentrations of isoflavones in the SMI diet were 24.04 mg/100 g dry matter (DM) daidzein and 13.10 mg/100 g DM genistein. The major phytoestrogen detected in the LML diet was secoisolariciresinol (36.80 mg/100 g DM). Treatment had no effects on body weight, feed intake and rectal temperature of bucks. Compared with control, bucks fed the SMI and LML diets had higher (P < 0.001) blood plasma total antioxidant capacity (0.98 ± 0.12, 1.50 ± 0.13, and 2.29 ± 0.17 mM/L for CON, SMI, and LML, respectively), and lower (P < 0.01) blood plasma malondialdehyde (2.76 ± 0.23, 1.76 ± 0.16, and 1.70 ± 0.18 nmol/mL for CON, SMI, and LML, respectively), whereas activities of reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes were not affected. Bucks fed the SMI and LML diets had greater (P < 0.001) concentrations of blood plasma triiodothyronine. Feeding the SMI and LML diets decreased (P < 0.01) libido (8.26 ± 0.71, 12.18 ± 0.97, and 14.12 ± 1.12 s for CON, SMI, and LML, respectively), sperm concentration (327.7 ± 21.6, 265.8 ± 36.8, and 226.5 ± 20.1 × 106/mL for CON, SMI, and LML, respectively), testosterone (5.16 ± 0.95, 3.91 ± 0.63, and 3.04 ± 0.92 ng/mL for CON, SMI, and LML, respectively), and seminal plasma fructose compared with the CON diet. The percentage of progressive motile sperm was improved (P < 0.001) by both phytoestrogen-containing diets. Feeding the SMI diet increased (P = 0.02) the percentage of live sperm compared with CON, whereas LML resulted in an intermediate value. Dietary treatment of bucks did not affect kindling rates or litter sizes of does, and did not affect birth weights or viabilities of kits. In conclusion, prolonged consumption of dietary isoflavones or lignans did not impair semen fertilizability. This may be due to the benefits of antioxidant activity or due to the benefits of other components in the diet. Dietary phytoestrogens did evoke obvious decreases in libido and steroidogenesis with altered semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Hashem
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - M A Abo-Elsoud
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - A N M Nour El-Din
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - K I Kamel
- Rabbit and Waterfowl Breeding Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt
| | - G A Hassan
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Del Prete C, Tafuri S, Ciani F, Pasolini MP, Ciotola F, Albarella S, Carotenuto D, Peretti V, Cocchia N. Influences of dietary supplementation withLepidium meyenii(Maca) on stallion sperm production and on preservation of sperm quality during storage at 5 °C. Andrology 2018; 6:351-361. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Del Prete
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; Naples Italy
| | - S. Tafuri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; Naples Italy
| | - F. Ciani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; Naples Italy
| | - M. P. Pasolini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; Naples Italy
| | - F. Ciotola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; Naples Italy
| | - S. Albarella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; Naples Italy
| | - D. Carotenuto
- UNMSM; Universidad Nacional Mayor San Marcos; Lima Peru
| | - V. Peretti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; Naples Italy
| | - N. Cocchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; Naples Italy
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Liu Q, Zhou YF, Duan RJ, Wei HK, Peng J, Jiang SW. Dietary n-6:n-3 ratio and Vitamin E improve motility characteristics in association with membrane properties of boar spermatozoa. Asian J Androl 2017; 19:223-229. [PMID: 26763547 PMCID: PMC5312223 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.170446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary n-6:n-3 ratio and Vitamin E on the membrane properties and motility characteristics of spermatozoa in boars. Forty Duroc boars were randomly distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial design with two n-6:n-3 ratios (14.4 and 6.6) and two Vitamin E levels (200 and 400 mg kg−1). During 16 weeks of treatment, fresh semen was collected at weeks 0, 8, 12, and 16 for measurements of motility characteristics, contents of fatty acids, membrane properties (membrane fluidity and membrane integrity), and lipid peroxidation of the spermatozoa. The semen was diluted in Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) extender and stored at 17°C, and the sperm motility was assessed at 12, 36, 72, and 120 h of storage. The 6.6 n-6:n-3 dietary ratio increased the contents of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and improved the membrane integrity and membrane fluidity of the spermatozoa, resulting in notably increased total motility, sperm progressive motility, and velocity parameters of fresh semen. Feeding diet with Vitamin E (400 mg kg−1) prevented sperm lipid peroxidation, and resulted in higher total motility and sperm progressive motility in fresh and liquid stored semen. In conclusion, the adjustment of n-6:n-3 ratio (6.6) and supply of Vitamin E (400 mg kg−1) successfully improved sperm motility characteristics and thus may be beneficial to the fertility of boars, which might be due to the modification of the physical and functional properties of spermatozoa membrane in response to dietary supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Fei Zhou
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Run-Jia Duan
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Kui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Si-Wen Jiang
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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Karimi R, Towhidi A, Zeinoaldini S, Rezayazdi K, Mousavi M, Safari H, Martinez-Pastor F. Effects of supplemental conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) on fresh and post-thaw sperm quality of Holstein bulls. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:459-467. [PMID: 28176378 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of feeding-protected conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the semen production and sperm freezability in Holstein bulls. Twelve bulls were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 6 per group). Bulls received the normal diet (control group) or the normal diet top-dressed with 50 g of CLA (treated group) for 10 weeks. The control group received 40 g/day calcium soap of fatty acid. Fresh and post-thaw semen quality was assessed on ejaculates collected at the 0, 4, 6, 8 and 10 week of supplementation. Semen evaluations including sperm concentration, motion characteristics (subjective and computer-assisted), viability (Eosin-Nigrosin), membrane integrity (hypo-osmotic swelling test) and abnormality were conducted. Semen volume, sperm concentration and total sperm output were not affected by dietary treatment (p > .05). The proportion of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology in fresh semen significantly increased (p < .05) in the CLA-fed group compared to control group. Also, in CLA-fed group, the proportion of post-thaw spermatozoa with abnormal morphology at week 10 of trial was significantly higher in CLA than control group (p < .05). Progressive motility tended to be increased in the CLA-fed group, although dietary supplementation did not affect other CASA parameters or viability in fresh and frozen-thawed sperm. In this study, CLA supplementation had little positive effect on fresh or post-thaw sperm quality of Holstein bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Karimi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - A Towhidi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - S Zeinoaldini
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - K Rezayazdi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - M Mousavi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Aurich C. Reprint of: Seasonal Influences on Cooled-Shipped and Frozen-Thawed Stallion Semen. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Shah SMH, Ali S, Zubair M, Jamil H, Ahmad N. Effect of supplementation of feed with Flaxseed (Linumusitatisimum) oil on libido and semen quality of Nilli-Ravi buffalo bulls. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016; 58:25. [PMID: 27375853 PMCID: PMC4929738 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-016-0107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The current study was designed to investigate the effect of supplementation of Flaxseed (Linumusitatisimum) oil on libido and semen quality of Nilli-Ravi buffalo bulls. Methods In this study, 12 adult healthy bulls kept at the Semen Production Unit, Qadirabad district Sahiwal, were used. These bulls were divided into three equal groups, A, B and C. Group A was kept as control, while in groups B and C supplementation of feed was provided by using flaxseed oil @125 ml/day and 250 ml/day,respectively for 12 weeks. Two ejaculates per animal were collected at 0 day then 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th week of treatment. In this way a total 216 samples were taken, and each semen sample was evaluated for color, volume, mass activity, percent motility, sperm cell concentration per ml, percentage of live sperm, and plasma membrane integrity. Libido of bulls was also evaluated before every collection. Results Analysis of data revealed that these parameters were significantly (P < 0.01) increased in flax oil treated animals as compared to control. Conclusion It was concluded from the present study that flax seed oil has beneficial effects on reproductive health of buffalo bull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Mazhar Hussain Shah
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shujait Ali
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Huma Jamil
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Alizadeh A, Taleb Z, Ebrahimi B, Esmaeili V, Shaverdi A, Nasr J, Kheimeh A, Yazdi RS. Dietary Vitamin E Is More Effective than Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acid for Improving The Kinematic Characteristics of Rat Sperm. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 18:262-70. [PMID: 27540532 PMCID: PMC4988426 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective Although key roles for dietary vitamin E (VITE) and fatty acid (FA) in fertility
have been confirmed, limited data are available on the effects of VITE alone, or a constant
level of VITE supplemented by dietary omega-6 and omega-3 FAs in combination on male
reproduction. Consequently in this paper, the effects of VITE, sunflower oil, fish oil and
their combination on rat sperm were investigated. Materials and Methods We divided 50 mature male Wistar rats into 5 groups (n=10) in
a experimental completely randomized design for eight weeks: i. Control (CTR): standard
diet; ii. Vitamin E diet (VITE): 2 times greater than recommendations; iii. Sunflower
oil group (n-6) [gavaged with 0.5 ml/day/rat sunflower oil+VITE diet]; iv. Fish oil group
(n-3): [gavaged with 0.5 ml/day/rat fish oil+VITE diet] and v. n-3+n-6 group [gavaged
with 0.3 ml fish oil/day/rat+0.2 ml sunflower oil/day/rat+VITE diet]. The sperm parameters were measured by computer assisted semen analyzer (CASA). All data were
analyzed with SPSS software. Results Feed intake decreased in groups which were administered sunflower oil
compared with the other groups (P<0.05). The groups which received only VITE or
fish oil+VITE had a significantly higher concentration of sperm compared with the n-6+n-3 and CTR group (P<0.05). VITE and n-3 showed significant improved progressive motility compared to the CTR group, whereas the n-6 and n-6+n-3 groups were
in the middle (P<0.05). The highest sperm kinematic parameters were observed in
the VITE only group. There was no strong correlation between sperm parameters and
blood lipid profiles. Conclusion Dietary VITE and fish oil+VITE can improve sperm quality. Our findings can
be a focus for improvements in sperm quantity and motility in fertile animals using only
dietary VITE.
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Affiliation(s)
- AliReza Alizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
| | - Zeinab Taleb
- Department of Animal Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
| | - Bita Ebrahimi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Esmaeili
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Shaverdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Nasr
- Department of Animal Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Kheimeh
- Animal Core Facility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Salman Yazdi
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Ira
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Liu Q, Zhou Y, Duan R, Wei H, Jiang S, Peng J. Effects of dietary n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio and vitamin E on semen quality, fatty acid composition and antioxidant status in boars. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 162:11-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Casas I, Miller-Lux Y, Osborne B, Bonet S, Althouse GC. Testing an egg yolk supplemented diet on boars to aid in sperm adaptation at 5°C. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2015; 61:253-62. [DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2015.1040137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Moallem U, Neta N, Zeron Y, Zachut M, Roth Z. Dietary α-linolenic acid from flaxseed oil or eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids from fish oil differentially alter fatty acid composition and characteristics of fresh and frozen-thawed bull semen. Theriogenology 2015; 83:1110-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Björkgren I, Gylling H, Turunen H, Huhtaniemi I, Strauss L, Poutanen M, Sipilä P. Imbalanced lipid homeostasis in the conditional Dicer1 knockout mouse epididymis causes instability of the sperm membrane. FASEB J 2014; 29:433-42. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-259382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Björkgren
- Department of PhysiologyInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Turku Doctoral Programme of Biomedical SciencesTurkuFinland
| | - Helena Gylling
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionDepartment of Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
- Department of MedicineDivision of Internal MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Heikki Turunen
- Department of PhysiologyInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Ilpo Huhtaniemi
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith CampusLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Leena Strauss
- Department of PhysiologyInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Turku Center for Disease ModelingUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Department of PhysiologyInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Turku Center for Disease ModelingUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Petra Sipilä
- Department of PhysiologyInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Laboratory Animal CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
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Schmid-Lausigk Y, Aurich C. Influences of a diet supplemented with linseed oil and antioxidants on quality of equine semen after cooling and cryopreservation during winter. Theriogenology 2014; 81:966-73. [PMID: 24576708 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal changes in the reproductive physiology of stallions contribute to a decrease in the quality of frozen-thawed semen during late winter. Changes in the lipid composition of the sperm plasma membrane may contribute to this phenomenon. In the present study, we have, therefore, investigated the effects of adding linseed oil (LO) in combination with antioxidants to the diet of breeding stallions on the motility and membrane integrity of cooled-stored and cryopreserved semen. Starting in November, the diet of LO stallions (n = 6) but not control (C) stallions (n = 5) was supplemented with LO (100 mL once daily) plus an antioxidant (Myostem Protect; Audevard, Clichy, France) for a total of 84 days. Before (November) and at the end of this period (February), ejaculates were processed for cryopreservation (n = 3 ejaculates per stallion) and cooled shipping at 5 °C. Frozen-thawed and cooled-shipped semen was sent to the laboratory for computer-assisted semen analysis of total motility, progressive motility, and velocity parameters (average path velocity [VAP], curved line velocity [VCL], and straight-line velocity [VSL]) and evaluation of membrane integrity. The quality of frozen-thawed semen decreased (P < 0.05) from November (e.g., total motility LO 69 ± 3% and C 67 ± 3%) to February (total motility: LO 55 ± 4% and C 59 ± 3%) independent of treatment (P > 0.05). A decrease in the velocity parameters VAP, VCL, and VSL was more pronounced in LO stallions than in C stallions (e.g., VSL: November LO 67 ± 1 μm/s, C 64 ± 2 μm/s; February LO 59 ± 2 μm/s, C 63 ± 2 μm/s; interaction month by treatment, P < 0.05). In cooled-stored semen, total motility, progressive motility, and membrane integrity were lower in February than in November (P < 0.001 for all parameters). Supplementation of the diet with LO and antioxidants attenuated this decrease (e.g., Day 1 of cooled storage = 24 hours after semen collection: total motility in November LO 88 ± 1% and C 87 ± 3%; in February LO 83 ± 2% and C 73 ± 11%; interaction month by treatment: P < 0.05). Velocity parameters VAP, VCL, and VSL were significantly lower in February than in November (P < 0.001), but this decrease was not affected by treatment. In summary, dietary supplementation of stallions with LO plus antioxidants attenuated a decline in motility and membrane integrity of cooled-stored stallion semen during winter. This may improve the fertility of cooled-shipped semen. In contrast, the treatment did not counteract the decrease in quality of frozen-thawed semen that occurs in late winter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Aurich
- Centre for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, University of Veterinary Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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Svetlichnyy V, Müller P, Pomorski TG, Schulze M, Schiller J, Müller K. Metabolic incorporation of unsaturated fatty acids into boar spermatozoa lipids and de novo formation of diacylglycerols. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 177:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Yan L, Bai XL, Fang ZF, Che LQ, Xu SY, Wu D. Effect of different dietary omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid ratios on reproduction in male rats. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:33. [PMID: 23497018 PMCID: PMC3627632 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beneficial effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on the reproduction of male animals are widely described in the literature. However, there is little information about the effect of n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios on male health and reproduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diets with different n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios on the reproductive performance of male rats. METHODS Eighty male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were supplemented with diets containing different n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios (0.13, 0.40, 0.85, 1.52 and 2.85) for 60 days. Half of the rats in each group were sacrificed on day 60, and the other half were chosen to mate with female mice to assess the effects of n-3/n-6 ratios on reproductive performance. RESULTS Sperm density and sperm motility of the 1.52 group were higher than other groups (P < .05), and the development of testis and the morphological structure of sperm in the 1.52 group were better than other groups. Furthermore, a higher litter size and birth weights of offspring were observed in the 1.52 group. Additionally, serum reproductive hormone levels were significantly affected by the n-3/n-6 ratios. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that a balanced n-3/n-6 ratio was important in male rat reproduction. Therefore there is a necessity to determine an appropriate n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio in man and different male animals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, and Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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Jensen TK, Heitmann BL, Blomberg Jensen M, Halldorsson TI, Andersson AM, Skakkebæk NE, Joensen UN, Lauritsen MP, Christiansen P, Dalgård C, Lassen TH, Jørgensen N. High dietary intake of saturated fat is associated with reduced semen quality among 701 young Danish men from the general population. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 97:411-8. [PMID: 23269819 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.042432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saturated fat intake has been associated with both cardiovascular disease and cancer risk, and a newly published study found an association between saturated fat intake and a lower sperm concentration in infertile men. OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the association between dietary fat intake and semen quality among 701 young Danish men from the general population. DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, men were recruited when they were examined to determine their fitness for military service from 2008 to 2010. They delivered a semen sample, underwent a physical examination, and answered a questionnaire comprising a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire to assess food and nutrient intakes. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed with semen variables as outcomes and dietary fat intakes as exposure variables, adjusted for confounders. RESULTS A lower sperm concentration and total sperm count in men with a high intake of saturated fat was found. A significant dose-response association was found, and men in the highest quartile of saturated fat intake had a 38% (95% CI: 0.1%, 61%) lower sperm concentration and a 41% (95% CI: 4%, 64%) lower total sperm count than did men in the lowest quartile. No association between semen quality and intake of other types of fat was found. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are of potentially great public interest, because changes in diet over the past decades may be part of the explanation for the recently reported high frequency of subnormal human sperm counts. A reduction in saturated fat intake may be beneficial for both general and reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina K Jensen
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Esmaeili V, Shahverdi AH, Alizadeh AR, Alipour H, Chehrazi M. Saturated, omega-6 and omega-3 dietary fatty acid effects on the characteristics of fresh, frozen-thawed semen and blood parameters in rams. Andrologia 2012; 46:42-49. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. Esmaeili
- Department of Embryology; Reproductive Biomedicine Center; Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - A. H. Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology; Reproductive Biomedicine Center; Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - A. R. Alizadeh
- Department of Animal Science; Saveh Branch; Islamic Azad University; Saveh Iran
| | - H. Alipour
- Department of Embryology; Reproductive Biomedicine Center; Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - M. Chehrazi
- Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health; Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center; Royan Institute; ACECR; Tehran Iran
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50
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Cardozo LFMDF, Boaventura GT, Brant LHC, Pereira VA, Velarde LGC, Chagas MA. Prolonged consumption of flaxseed flour increases the 17β-estradiol hormone without causing adverse effects on the histomorphology of Wistar rats’ penis. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:4092-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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