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Ramírez-Agámez L, Hernández-Avilés C, Whitfield-Cargile CM, Coleman MC, Love CC. Treatment of mares with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) phenylbutazone transiently affects in vitro maturation of equine oocytes and blastocyst development after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). Theriogenology 2024; 223:53-58. [PMID: 38678696 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Mares enrolled in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) programs are often treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly phenylbutazone (Bute), due to chronic lameness. The current study was performed to determine the effect of Bute administration on the developmental competence of in vitro-matured equine oocytes subjected to Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). In a Preliminary Study, immature cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) recovered by post-mortem ovary harvested from two healthy mares (n = 2) treated for 10 days with Bute (4.4 mg/kg, PO, BID), and four non-treated healthy mares (n = 4), were matured in vitro and subjected to Piezo-driven ICSI. Lower oocyte in vitro maturation [Bute: 25% (3/12) vs. Control: 61% (28/46)] and blastocyst rates [Bute: 0% (0/12) vs. Control: 18% (5/28)] were observed in the Bute-treated when compared to the Control mares (P < 0.05). In the Main Experiment, a group of healthy mares (n = 9) received a daily dose of Bute (4.4 mg/kg, orally, SID) for 10 days. A control group of mares (n = 10) was treated with an equal volume of placebo. Mares in both groups were subjected to ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte aspiration (TVA) on days 3, 33, and 77 following the last dose of Bute (PT). Recovered COCs from both mare groups were matured in vitro and subjected to Piezo-driven ICSI. By day-3 PT, oocyte in vitro maturation rate was similar between mare groups [Bute: 65% (36/55) vs. Control: 67% (78/116); P > 0.05], while oocyte recovery [Bute: 53% (55/103) vs. Control: 70% (116/166)], cleavage [Bute: 31% (11/36) vs. Control: 62% (48/78)] and blastocyst rates [Bute: [0%] (0/36) vs. Control: 28% (22/78)] were significantly different (P < 0.05). By day 33 PT and 77 PT, differences on oocyte recovery, in vitro maturation, cleavage, and blastocyst rates were not observed between mare groups. In summary, the administration of Bute for 10 consecutive days (4.4 mg/kg, PO, SID, or BID) is associated with a decrease in the ability of immature equine oocytes to undergo in vitro-maturation (Preliminary Study) and develop to the blastocyst stage following ICSI (Preliminary Study and Main Experiment). This negative effect appeared to be transient, as 30- and 77-days post-treatment, no differences on in vitro maturation, cleavage or blastocyst rates were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Ramírez-Agámez
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Camilo Hernández-Avilés
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Canaan M Whitfield-Cargile
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Michelle C Coleman
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Charles C Love
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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Martínez-Boví R, Plaza-Dávila M, Cuervo-Arango J. The effect of dexamethasone and flunixin-meglumine on ovulation, endometrial oedema, and inter-ovulatory interval length in the mare. Theriogenology 2023; 197:57-61. [PMID: 36470110 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of flunixin-meglumine (a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) during the critical period of intrafollicular prostaglandin production before ovulation (24 and 36 h after hCG treatment) results in a high rate of ovulatory failure and formation of haemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAF) in the mare. Dexamethasone is commonly used to prevent persistent mating-induced endometritis in susceptible mares, but the effect on ovulation blockage within the pre-ovulatory critical window of intrafollicular prostaglandins production following hCG administration has not been determined. Six mares were followed during four consecutive cycles in a crossover design; once in oestrus with a follicle of >32 mm in diameter, mares were treated with hCG (Hour 0) and assigned to one of 4 groups randomly: 1) FM, mares received 1.7 mg/kg flunixin-meglumine at Hour 24 and 36; 2) CON, mares received no further treatment. 3) DEX1, mares received 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone at Hour 24, and 4) DEX2, mares received 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone at Hour 24 and 36. For all groups, ovulation and HAF rates, endometrial oedema profiles and the inter-ovulatory intervals (IOI) were determined and compared statistically. All CON and DEX mares ovulated normally and did not form any HAF. On the contrary, FM mares developed a HAF in 83% of cycles (P < 0.01). The endometrial oedema score was lower following DEX administration than FM (P < 0.05). The mean IOI was longer (P < 0.05) in DEX1 and DEX2 groups (26.5 and 26 days, respectively) than in CON and FM groups (21.5 and 22 days, respectively). In conclusion, dexamethasone treatment given either once or twice during the critical window of hCG-induced ovulation did not block or delay ovulation, but had a similar ovulation rate than untreated control mares. However, the inter-ovulatory intervals of dexamethasone treated mares was longer than control and FM treated mares. Finally, dexamethasone treatment was more effective in reducing endometrial oedema than FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Martínez-Boví
- Equine Fertility Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Plaza-Dávila
- Equine Fertility Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Cuervo-Arango
- Equine Fertility Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
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Pereira de Moraes F, Amaral D'Avila C, Caetano de Oliveira F, Ávila de Castro N, Diniz Vieira A, Schneider A, Machado Pfeifer LF, Cantarelli Pegoraro LM, Ferreira R, Germano Ferst J, Tomazele Rovani M, Nunes Correa M, Dias Gonçalves PB, Lucia T, Garziera Gasperin B. Prostaglandin F2α regulation and function during ovulation and luteinization in cows. Theriogenology 2021; 171:30-37. [PMID: 34004368 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although prostaglandins are important in the ovulation process, a precise role for prostaglandin F2α (PGF) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the regulation of PGF receptor mRNA (PTGFR) in granulosa cells and the local effect of PGF on ovulation and luteinization. In Experiment 1, using samples collected in vivo before (Day 2), during (Day 3) and after (Day 4) follicular deviation, expression of PTGFR in bovine granulosa cells was more abundant in the dominant follicle after deviation than in subordinates (P < 0.05). However, the expression of PTGFR was not regulated (P = 0.1) in preovulatory follicles at different time-points (0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h) after ovulation induction with GnRH. In Experiment 2, to assess the role of systemic PGF treatment on luteinization and vascularization of preovulatory follicles, flunixin meglumine (FM), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was used to inhibit endogenous prostaglandin synthesis. Cows with preovulatory follicles were induced to ovulate with GnRH (0 h) and allocated to three groups: Control, with no further treatment; FM, treated with 2.2 mg/kg FM im 17 h after GnRH treatment; and FM + PGF, treated with FM 17 h after GnRH, followed by 25 mg dinoprost tromethamine (PGF) 23 h after GnRH treatment. FM injection was able to reduce the concentration of PGF in the follicular fluid (FF) (P < 0.001). However, contrary to our hypothesis, color Doppler ultrasound evaluations revealed decreased vascular flow in FM + PGF group (P < 0.05), and no effect of the treatments on intrafollicular P4 and E2 concentrations 24 h after GnRH. The prostaglandin metabolite (PGFM) concentrations in the FF were greater in cows receiving systemic PGF (P < 0.001), which prompted us to further check its role on ovulation. Therefore, in Experiment 3, in a final attempt to demonstrate the local effect of PGF on ovulation, cows with preovulatory follicles received an intrafollicular injection (IFI) of PBS (Control) or 100 ng/mL purified PGF (PGF group). PGF treatment did not affect the time of ovulation after IFI (66 ± 6.4 and 63 ± 8.5 h for control and PGF, respectively; P > 0.05), further suggesting that it has no direct effect in the ovulatory process. Based on our findings, we concluded that FM decreased PGF synthesis within the follicle, whereas PGF treatment decreased follicular vascularization. In addition, the in vivo model of intrafollicular injection evidenced that PGF alone is not able to locally induce ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Amaral D'Avila
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Ávila de Castro
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Diniz Vieira
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rogério Ferreira
- Department of Animal Science, Santa Catarina State University, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Juliana Germano Ferst
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Monique Tomazele Rovani
- Department of Animal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcio Nunes Correa
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Molecular and Integrative Physiology of Reproduction Laboratory, MINT, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Thomaz Lucia
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
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Crabtree J. Update on the management of the anovulatory follicle in horses. IN PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/inp.m994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Martínez-Boví R, Zagrajczuk A, Donadeu FX, Skarzynski DJ, Piotrowska-Tomala K, Cuervo-Arango J. Effects of follicular ablation and induced luteolysis on LH and follicular fluid factors during the periovulatory period in mares. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 209:106142. [PMID: 31514932 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Haemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAFs) are the most common pathological anovulatory condition in the mare. To enhance understanding of the physiopathology of HAFs, the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of an induced-follicular wave on LH concentrations and follicular fluid factors relevant to the ovulatory process. Mares were allocated to treatment or control groups (n = 7/group) in a crossed over design during 14 oestrous cycles with a period of one cycle occurring when there were no treatments between the times when treatments were administered. In the treatment group, all antral follicles ≥8 mm were ablated on Day 10 after ovulation followed by administration of a luteolytic dose of PGF2α. All mares of both groups were treated with 1500 IU of hCG when a follicle ≥32 mm was detected (Hour 0), and follicular fluid was aspirated 35 h later. Blood samples were collected every 48 h from Day 10 until Hour 0 from all mares. Follicular fluid was assayed for PGE2, estradiol and progesterone. Plasma was assayed for LH concentrations. A follicular wave followed follicle ablation in the treated mares. Concentrations of LH were greater (P = 0.05) in mares ot the treatment compared with control group. Concentrations of PGE2, estradiol and progesterone in follicular fluid did not differ between groups (P > 0.05). Treatment resulted in an earlier increase in circulating LH, however, there was no effect on concentrations of intra-follicular PGE2, estradiol or progesterone in hCG-stimulated preovulatory follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martínez-Boví
- Departamento de Medicina y Ciugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Zagrajczuk
- University Center of Veterinary Medicine, Jagiellonian University-University of Agriculture, 31-120, Krakow, Poland; Essential Equine Nutrition, 70 West Street, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia
| | - F X Donadeu
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - D J Skarzynski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of The Polish Academy of Science, Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, 10-747, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - K Piotrowska-Tomala
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of The Polish Academy of Science, Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, 10-747, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Cuervo-Arango
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Ginther OJ, Domingues RR, Kennedy VC, Dangudubiyyam SV. Endogenous and exogenous effects of PGF2α during luteolysis in mares. Theriogenology 2019; 132:45-52. [PMID: 30991168 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An inhibitor of PGF2α biosynthesis (flunixin meglumine, FM) was used to study the role of endogenous PGF2α on the luteolytic effect of exogenous PGF2α in mares. A 2-h infusion of PGF2α at a constant rate (total dose, 0.1 mg) on Day 10 (ovulation = Day 0) was used to mimic the maximal concentrations of a spontaneous pulse of a PGF2α metabolite (PGFM). Treatment with FM (1.7 mg/kg) was done 1 h before and 5 h after the start of PGF2α infusion. In hourly blood samples beginning 1 h before the start of PGF2α infusion, progesterone decreased (P < 0.05) similarly by 5 h in each of the PGF2α and PGF2α+FM groups but not in the controls (n = 5). In a study of spontaneous luteolysis, the same FM dose was given every 6 h from Day 13 until Day 17 or earlier if CL regression was indicated by an 80% decrease in luteal blood-flow signals. Blood was sampled for progesterone assay each day and 8 h of hourly blood sampling was done each day to characterize PGFM concentrations and pulses. Progesterone (P4) was lower (P < 0.05) in controls than in an FM group (n = 7) by Day 15. Luteolysis (P4 < 1 ng/mL) ended on Days 14-19 in individual controls. In contrast, luteolysis did not end until after Day 20 in 4 of 7 FM-treated mares. In the three mares with completion of luteolysis before Day 20 in the FM group, the interval from beginning to end of luteolysis was longer (P < 0.02) (4.5 ± 0.6 days) than in the controls (3.0 ± 0.4 days). During 8-h sessions of hourly blood sampling on Day 14, concentration of PGFM was significantly lower in the FM group for the minimal, mean, and maximal per session. Pulses of PGFM were identified by a CV methodology on each day in 7 of 7 and 3 of 7 mares in the controls and FM group, respectively. The four FM-treated mares without a CV-identified pulse were the four mares in which luteolysis did not occur before Day 20. In mares with detected pulses, PGFM was lower at each nadir and at the peak (86% lower) in the FM group than in controls, but the interval between nadirs or base of a pulse was not different between groups. Hypothesis 1 that endogenous PGF plays a role in the luteolytic effect of exogenous PGF2α was not supported. Hypothesis 2 that an inhibitor of PGF2α biosynthesis prevented or minimized the prominence of PGFM pulses and increased the frequency of persistent CL was supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- O J Ginther
- Eutheria Foundation, Cross Plains, WI, 53528, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - R R Domingues
- Eutheria Foundation, Cross Plains, WI, 53528, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - V C Kennedy
- Eutheria Foundation, Cross Plains, WI, 53528, USA
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Donnelly CG, Sones JL, Dockweiler JC, Norberg LA, Norberg LE, Cheong SH, Gilbert RO. Effects of flunixin meglumine on postponement of ovulation in mares. Am J Vet Res 2019; 80:306-310. [PMID: 30801209 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.80.3.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate use of flunixin meglumine as a treatment to postpone ovulation in mares, mare fertility after flunixin meglumine treatment during estrous cycles, and effects of flunixin meglumine on function of the corpus luteum after ovulation. ANIMALS 13 healthy mares. PROCEDURES A single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study was conducted. Flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg, IV, q 24 h) or lactated Ringer solution (placebo treatment) was administered for 2 days to mares with a dominant follicle (≥ 35 mm in diameter) and behavioral signs of estrus. Mares then were bred by artificial insemination. Number of days to ovulation from initial detection of a follicle ≥ 30 mm in diameter, uterine edema score, and pregnancy were determined by ultrasonography; the examiner was unaware of the treatment of each mare. Serum progesterone concentrations were evaluated 5 and 12 days after ovulation by use of radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Data were available for 45 estrus cycles of the 13 mares. Number of days to ovulation from initial detection of a follicle ≥ 30 mm was not significantly affected by administration of flunixin meglumine versus the placebo. Per-cycle pregnancy rate was not significantly different between flunixin meglumine (20/24 [83%] breedings) and the placebo (13/19 [68%] breedings). Flunixin meglumine did not significantly affect behavioral signs of estrus, uterine edema, or serum progesterone concentrations. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Findings did not support the use of flunixin meglumine to postpone ovulation in mares.
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9
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Follicle growth and endocrine dynamics in women with spontaneous luteinized unruptured follicles versus ovulation. Hum Reprod 2018; 33:1130-1140. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Martínez-Boví R, Cuervo-Arango J. Follicle Diameter and Systemic Hormone Interrelationships during Induction of Follicle Collapse with Intrafollicular Prostaglandin E2 and F2αin Mares. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:322-9. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Martínez-Boví
- Facultad de Veterinaria; Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Universidad CEU, Cardenal Herrera; Valencia Spain
| | - J Cuervo-Arango
- Facultad de Veterinaria; Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Universidad CEU, Cardenal Herrera; Valencia Spain
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Bashir ST, Gastal MO, Tazawa SP, Tarso SGS, Hales DB, Cuervo-Arango J, Baerwald AR, Gastal EL. The mare as a model for luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome: intrafollicular endocrine milieu. Reproduction 2016; 151:271-83. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome is a recurrent anovulatory dysfunction that affects up to 23% of women with normal menstrual cycles and up to 73% with endometriosis. Mechanisms underlying the development of LUF syndrome in mares were studied to provide a potential model for human anovulation. The effect of extended increase in circulating LH achieved by administration of recombinant equine LH (reLH) or a short surge of LH and decrease in progesterone induced by prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on LUF formation (Experiment 1), identification of an optimal dose of COX-2 inhibitor (flunixin meglumine, FM; to block the effect of prostaglandins) for inducing LUFs (Experiment 2), and evaluation of intrafollicular endocrine milieu in LUFs (Experiment 3) were investigated. In Experiment 1, mares were treated with reLH from Day 7 to Day 15 (Day 0=ovulation), PGF2α on Day 7, or in combination. In Experiment 2, FM at doses of 2.0 or 3.0 mg/kg every 12 h and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (1500 IU) were administered after a follicle ≥32 mm was detected. In Experiment 3, FM at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg every 12 h plus hCG was used to induce LUFs and investigate the intrafollicular endocrine milieu. No LUFs were induced by reLH or PGF2α treatment; however, LUFs were induced in 100% of mares using FM. Intrafollicular PGF2α metabolite, PGF2α, and PGE2were lower and the ratio of PGE2:PGF2α was higher in the induced LUF group. Higher levels of intrafollicular E2 and total primary sex steroids were observed in the induced LUF group along with a tendency for higher levels of GH, cortisol, and T; however, LH, PRL, VEGF-A, and NO did not differ between groups. In conclusion, this study reveals part of the intrafollicular endocrine milieu and the association of prostaglandins in LUF formation, and indicates that the mare might be an appropriate model for studying the poorly understood LUF syndrome.
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Joonè CJ, Bertschinger HJ, Gupta SK, Fosgate GT, Arukha AP, Minhas V, Dieterman E, Schulman ML. Ovarian function and pregnancy outcome in pony mares following immunocontraception with native and recombinant porcine zona pellucida vaccines. Equine Vet J 2016; 49:189-195. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. J. Joonè
- Section of Reproduction Department of Production Animal Studies Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria Onderstepoort South Africa
| | - H. J. Bertschinger
- Section of Reproduction Department of Production Animal Studies Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria Onderstepoort South Africa
| | - S. K. Gupta
- Reproductive Cell Biology Laboratory National Institute of Immunology New Delhi India
| | - G. T. Fosgate
- Department of Production Animal Studies Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria Onderstepoort South Africa
| | - A. P. Arukha
- Reproductive Cell Biology Laboratory National Institute of Immunology New Delhi India
| | - V. Minhas
- Reproductive Cell Biology Laboratory National Institute of Immunology New Delhi India
| | | | - M. L. Schulman
- Section of Reproduction Department of Production Animal Studies Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria Onderstepoort South Africa
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Lima AG, Costa LCB, Alvarenga MA, Martins CB. Does Clinical Treatment with Phenylbutazone and Meloxicam in the Pre-ovulatory Period Influence the Ovulation Rate in Mares? Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:771-5. [PMID: 26280558 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The presence of anovulatory haemorrhagic follicles during the oestrous cycle of mares causes financial impacts, slowing conception and increasing the number of services per pregnancy. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as meloxicam and phenylbutazone are used in the treatment of several disorders in mares, and these drugs can impair the formation of prostaglandins (PGs) and consequently interfere with reproductive activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment with NSAIDs on the development of pre-ovulatory follicles in mares. In total, 11 mares were studied over three consecutive oestrous cycles, and gynaecological and ultrasound examinations were performed every 12 h. When 32-mm-diameter follicles were detected, 1 mg of deslorelin was administered to induce ovulation. The first cycle was used as a control, and the mares received only a dose of deslorelin. In the subsequent cycles, in addition to receiving the same dose of deslorelin, each mare was treated with NSAIDs. In the second cycle, 4.4 mg/kg of phenylbutazone was administered, and in the third cycle, 0.6 mg/kg of meloxicam was administered once a day until ovulation or the beginning of follicular haemorrhage. All of the mares ovulated between 36 and 48 h after the induction in the control cycle. In the meloxicam cycle, 10 mares (92%) did not ovulate, while in the phenylbutazone cycle, nine mares (83%) did not ovulate. In both treatments, intrafollicular hyperechoic spots indicative of haemorrhagic follicles were observed on ultrasound. Thus, our results suggested that treatment with meloxicam and phenylbutazone at therapeutic doses induced intrafollicular haemorrhage and luteinization of anovulatory follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Lima
- Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - L C B Costa
- Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - M A Alvarenga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - C B Martins
- Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
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Martínez-Boví R, Cuervo-Arango J. Intrafollicular treatment with prostaglandins PGE2and PGF2αinhibits the formation of luteinised unruptured follicles and restores normal ovulation in mares treated with flunixin-meglumine. Equine Vet J 2015; 48:211-7. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Martínez-Boví
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria; Universidad CEU; Cardenal Herrera Alfara del Patriarca Spain
| | - J. Cuervo-Arango
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria; Universidad CEU; Cardenal Herrera Alfara del Patriarca Spain
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Martínez-Boví R, Zagrajczuk A, Domingo-Ortiz R, Cuervo-Arango J. The Effect of Sulpiride Treatment During the Periovulatory Period on Prolactin Concentration and Ovulation in the Mare. J Equine Vet Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Pugliesi G, Khan FA, Hannan MA, Beg MA, Carvalho GR, Ginther OJ. Inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis during postluteolysis and effects on CL regression, prolactin, and ovulation in heifers. Theriogenology 2012; 78:443-54. [PMID: 22578618 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The beginning of postluteolysis (progesterone, <1 ng mL(-1)) in heifers was targeted by using 8 h after ultrasonic detection of a 25% decrease in CL area (cm2) and was designated Hour 0. Flunixin meglumine (FM; n=10) to inhibit PGF2α secretion or vehicle (n=9) were given intramuscularly at Hours 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40. The dose of FM was 2.5 mg/kg at each treatment. Blood sampling and measurement of the CL and dominant follicle were done every 8 h beginning 14 days postovulation in each group. Blood samples for detection of pulses of PRL and pulses of a metabolite of PGF2α (PGFM) were obtained every hour for 24 h beginning at Hour 0. Pulse concentrations of both PGFM and PRL were lower in the FM group than in the vehicle group. Concentration of PRL was greatest at the peak of a PGFM pulse. Neither CL area (cm2) nor progesterone concentration differed between groups during Hours 0 to 48 (postluteolysis). Ovulation occurred in nine of nine heifers in the vehicle group and in three of 10 heifers in the FM group. The anovulatory follicles in the FM group grew to 36.2±2.9 mm, and the wall became thickened from apparent luteinization. The hypothesis that PGF2α was involved in the continued P4 decrease and structural CL regression during postluteolysis was not supported. However, the hypotheses that pulses of PGFM and PRL were temporally related and that systemic FM treatment induced an anovulatory follicle were supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pugliesi
- Eutheria Foundation, Cross Plains, Wisconsin 53528, USA
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Cuervo-Arango J, Newcombe JR. Ultrasound characteristics of experimentally induced luteinized unruptured follicles (LUF) and naturally occurring hemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAF) in the mare. Theriogenology 2011; 77:514-24. [PMID: 21958645 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of hemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAF) involves luteinization and hemorrhage of the follicle. This is observed on ultrasound as an increase in the echogenicity of the granulosa layer and formation of echoic particles in the antrum. The inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with flunixin meglumine (FM) during the periovulatory period induces ovulatory failure with development of luteinized unruptured follicles (LUF). These two types of anovulatory follicles appear to share similar ultrasound features but they have not been compared critically. The following endpoints: follicle diameter, follicular contents score, interval from hCG administration to beginning of follicular hemorrhage, interval from hemorrhage to organization of follicular contents, and cycle length were studied and compared in mares with HAF (n = 11) and LUF (n = 13). The objective of this study was to elucidate whether these two unruptured follicles have a consistent clinical pattern of development and therefore can be considered as part of the same anovulatory syndrome. None of the endpoints analyzed differed significantly between HAF and LUF. However, there was a greater individual variation in HAF as compared with LUF in regards to interval from hCG to hemorrhage, follicular diameter at the administration of hCG, and beginning of hemorrhage. In conclusion, HAF share a similar cascade of ultrasound characteristics with the experimentally induced LUF. This finding may provide new insights in elucidating the pathogenesis of HAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cuervo-Arango
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
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The effect of treatment with flunixin meglumine at different times relative to hCG administration on ovulation failure and luteal function in mares. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 127:84-90. [PMID: 21820823 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Flunixin meglumine (FM), a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, causes ovulatory failure in the mare. However, the effect of the FM treatment relative to the time of hCG administration on the ovulation failure has not been determined nor has its effect on the luteal function of treated mares. Estrous mares with a follicle ≥32 mm (range of 32-38 mm) were treated with 1.7 mg/kg b.w. of FM iv at zero, 12, 24 and 36 h (n=6), at 24 and 36 h (n=6), at 28 and 36 h (n=6), at 24h (n=6) or at 30 h (n=6) after treatment with 1500 IU hCG. One group received no FM (control, n=6). Progesterone concentrations were determined using RIA. Mares treated with FM 0-36 h and 24-36 h had higher (P<0.05) incidence of ovulatory failure (83 and 80%, respectively) than mares treated twice at 28 and 36 h, or once at 24 or at 30 h after hCG (16.7, 0 and 0%, respectively). The anovulatory follicles of FM treated mares luteinized and produced progesterone (>2 ng/ml). The progesterone concentration was lower in mares treated with FM at zero to 36 h and at 24-36 h after hCG than in the other groups. In conclusion, the FM administration was effective in blocking ovulation only when the treatment began ≤24 h after hCG and was continued every 12 h until ≥36 h. In addition, the FM-induced anovulatory follicles underwent luteinization of follicular cells with active production of progesterone.
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Cuervo-Arango J, Beg M, Ginther O. Follicle and systemic hormone interrelationships during induction of luteinized unruptured follicles with a prostaglandin inhibitor in mares. Theriogenology 2011; 76:361-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ginther O, Cuervo-Arango J, Beg M. Disruption of periovulatory FSH and LH surges during induced anovulation by an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis in mares. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 126:91-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cuervo-Arango J. The Effect of Systemic Administration of Cloprostenol on Ovulation in Mares Treated with a Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitor. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 47:32-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01796.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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