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Naresh RK, Singh PK, Bhatt R, Chandra MS, Kumar Y, Mahajan NC, Gupta SK, Al-Ansari N, Mattar MA. Publisher Correction: Long‑term application of agronomic management strategies effects on soil organic carbon, energy budgeting, and carbon footprint under rice-wheat cropping system. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6282. [PMID: 38491029 PMCID: PMC10942967 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R K Naresh
- Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, UP, India
| | - P K Singh
- Director Extension Education, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Rajan Bhatt
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Amritsar, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Mandapelli Sharath Chandra
- AICRP On Integrated Farming System, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Telangana, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, UP, India
| | - N C Mahajan
- Institute of Agricultural Science, Department of Agronomy, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U. P, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Nadhir Al-Ansari
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187, Lulea, Sweden.
| | - Mohamed A Mattar
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Varsi F, Ahmad S, Chakraborty M, Chandra A, Dugad SR, Goswami UD, Gupta SK, Hariharan B, Hayashi Y, Jagadeesan P, Jain A, Jain P, Kawakami S, Kojima H, Lipari P, Mahapatra S, Mohanty PK, Moharana R, Muraki Y, Nayak PK, Nonaka T, Oshima A, Pant BP, Pattanaik D, Paul S, Pradhan GS, Rameez M, Ramesh K, Reddy LV, Saha S, Sahoo R, Scaria R, Shibata S, Zuberi M. Evidence of a Hardening in the Cosmic Ray Proton Spectrum at around 166 TeV Observed by the GRAPES-3 Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:051002. [PMID: 38364164 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.051002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We present the measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 50 TeV to 1.3 PeV using 7.81×10^{6} extensive air shower events recorded by the ground-based GRAPES-3 experiment between 1 January 2014 and 26 October 2015 with a live time of 460 day. Our measurements provide an overlap with direct observations by satellite and balloon-based experiments. The electromagnetic and muon components in the shower were measured by a dense array of plastic scintillator detectors and a tracking muon telescope, respectively. The relative composition of the proton primary from the air shower data containing all primary particles was extracted using the multiplicity distribution of muons which is a sensitive observable for mass composition. The observed proton spectrum suggests a spectral hardening at ∼166 TeV and disfavors a single power law description of the spectrum up to the Knee energy (∼3 PeV).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Varsi
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - S Ahmad
- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - M Chakraborty
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - A Chandra
- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - S R Dugad
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - U D Goswami
- Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - B Hariharan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Y Hayashi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - P Jagadeesan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - A Jain
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - P Jain
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - S Kawakami
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - H Kojima
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - P Lipari
- INFN, Sezione Roma "Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - P K Mohanty
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - R Moharana
- Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Y Muraki
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - P K Nayak
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - T Nonaka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Tokyo University, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - A Oshima
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - B P Pant
- Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - D Pattanaik
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, India
| | - S Paul
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - G S Pradhan
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - M Rameez
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - K Ramesh
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - L V Reddy
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - S Saha
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - R Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - R Scaria
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - S Shibata
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - M Zuberi
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
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Ansari FA, Hassan H, Ramanna L, Gani KM, Singh K, Rawat I, Gupta SK, Kumari S, Bux F. Recycling air conditioner-generated condensate water for microalgal biomass production and carbon dioxide sequestration. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119917. [PMID: 38183950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Air conditioners alleviate the discomfort of human beings from heat waves that are consequences of climate change caused by anthropogenic activities. With each passing year, the effects of global warming worsen, increasing the growth of air conditioning industry. Air conditioning units produce substantial amounts of non-nutritive and (generally) neglected condensate water and greenhouse gases. Considering this, the study explored the potential of using air conditioner condensate water (ACW) to cultivate Chlorella sorokiniana, producing biomass, and sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2). The maximum biomass production was obtained in the BG11 medium (1.45 g L-1), followed by ACW-50 (1.3 g L-1). Similarly, the highest chlorophyll-a content was observed in the BG11 medium (11 μg mL-1), followed by ACW-50 (9.11 μg mL-1). The ACW-50 cultures proved to be better adapted to physiological stress (Fv/Fm > 0.5) and can be suitable for achieving maximum biomass with adequate lipid, protein, and carbohydrate production. Moreover, C. sorokiniana demonstrated higher lipid and carbohydrate yields in the ACW-50 medium, while biomass production and protein yields were comparable to the BG11 medium. The lipid, protein, and carbohydrate productivity were 23.43, 32.9, and 23.19 mg L-1 d-1, respectively for ACW-50. Estimation of carbon capture potential through this approach equals to 9.5% of the total emissions which is an added advantage The results indicated that ACW could be effectively utilized for microalgae cultivation, reducing the reliance on freshwater for large-scale microalgal biomass production and reduce the carbon footprints of the air conditioning industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Ansari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - H Hassan
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - L Ramanna
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - K M Gani
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, India
| | - K Singh
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - I Rawat
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - S K Gupta
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - S Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - F Bux
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Naresh RK, Singh PK, Bhatt R, Chandra MS, Kumar Y, Mahajan NC, Gupta SK, Al-Ansari N, Mattar MA. Long-term application of agronomic management strategies effects on soil organic carbon, energy budgeting, and carbon footprint under rice-wheat cropping system. Sci Rep 2024; 14:337. [PMID: 38172121 PMCID: PMC10764914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the plains of western North India, traditional rice and wheat cropping systems (RWCS) consume a significant amount of energy and carbon. In order to assess the long-term energy budgets, ecological footprint, and greenhouse gas (GHG) pollutants from RWCS with residual management techniques, field research was conducted which consisted of fourteen treatments that combined various tillage techniques, fertilization methods, and whether or not straw return was present in randomized block design. By altering the formation of aggregates and the distribution of carbon within them, tillage techniques can affect the dynamics of organic carbon in soil and soil microbial activity. The stability of large macro-aggregates (> 2 mm), small macro-aggregates (2.0-2.25 mm), and micro-aggregates in the topsoil were improved by 35.18%, 33.52%, and 25.10%, respectively, over conventional tillage (0-20 cm) using tillage strategies for conservation methods (no-till in conjunction with straw return and organic fertilizers). The subsoil (20-40 cm) displayed the same pattern. In contrast to conventional tilling with no straw returns, macro-aggregates of all sizes and micro-aggregates increased by 24.52%, 28.48%, and 18.12%, respectively, when conservation tillage with organic and chemical fertilizers was used. The straw return (aggregate-associated C) also resulted in a significant increase in aggregate-associated carbon. When zero tillage was paired with straw return, chemical, and organic fertilizers, the topsoil's overall aggregate-associated C across all aggregate proportions increased. Conversely, conventional tillage, in contrast to conservation tillage, included straw return as well as chemical and organic fertilizers and had high aggregate-associated C in the subsurface. This study finds that tillage techniques could change the dynamics of microbial biomass in soils and organic soil carbon by altering the aggregate and distribution of C therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Naresh
- Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, UP, India
| | - P K Singh
- Director Extension Education, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Rajan Bhatt
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Amritsar, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Mandapelli Sharath Chandra
- AICRP On Integrated Farming System, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Telangana, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, UP, India
| | - N C Mahajan
- Institute of Agricultural Science, Department of Agronomy, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U. P, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Nadhir Al-Ansari
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187, Lulea, Sweden.
| | - Mohamed A Mattar
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Shekhawat D, Gupta T, Singh P, Sahni D, Tubbs RS, Gupta SK. Surgical anatomy of the cerebellar tonsils: A cadaveric study. Clin Anat 2024; 37:25-32. [PMID: 37248820 DOI: 10.1002/ca.24075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of the normal anatomy of the cerebellar tonsils is a prerequisite in various surgeries of the posterior cranial fossa Clinical conditions, as the Chiari I malformations (CIM) alter the normal position of the cerebellar tonsils. OBJECTIVE Therefore, we aim to better elucidate the surgical anatomy of and around the cerebellar tonsils in regard to the CIM. METHODS Fifty formalin-fixed adult cadavers injected with colored latex through vertebral arteries underwent craniotomy and durotomy to expose the cerebellar tonsils and related structures. The tonsils and their surrounding anatomy were then studied. RESULTS Forty cerebellar tonsils were at or above the foramen magnum. Five specimens presented with CIM with the tonsils below (3-5 mm) the FM with a mean tonsillar decent of 7.9 ± 2.3 mm. Of the cadavers without CIM, in forty-two cases, the thickness of the dura mater was within ±3SD ranges. In three cases, the dura mater was thinner at the CVJ and one case; the dura adhered tightly to the inner aspect of the occipital squama. In five CIM cadavers, the dura mater was markedly thicker at the CVJ. The PICA caudal loop was 5.9 ± 1.6 mm long. In CIM cases, the PICA loop was longer, nearer the dura, 1 mm below the superior border of the C1 posterior arch. The distances from the PICA loop were markedly reduced by 3 mm from the spinal accessory nerve and 2 mm from the first spinal nerve. The DN was significantly closer to the tonsillar peduncle in CIM cases. CONCLUSION These data are important for better understanding the intrinsic and extrinsic anatomy of the cerebellar tonsils in patients with and without CIM. Importantly, tonsillectomy/tonsillar coagulation must consider the close relationship of the dentate nucleus to the base of the cerebellar tonsil to avoid iatrogenic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Shekhawat
- Department of Anatomy, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tulika Gupta
- Department of Anatomy, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Paramajeet Singh
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Daisy Sahni
- Department of Anatomy, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Brisbane Clinical Neuroscience Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Gupta T, Kaur M, Gupta M, Singla N, Kharbanda PS, Bansal YS, Radotra BD, Gupta SK. Analysis of distribution and localization of proteins of the reelin signalling pathway in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Int J Neurosci 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38060511 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2292957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Granule cell dispersion (GCD) is pathognomonic of hippocampal sclerosis seen in the mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Current animal studies indicate deficiency of Reelin is associated with abnormal granule cell migration leading to GCD. The present study aimed to evaluate complete Reelin signalling pathway to assess whether Reelin deficiency is related to MTLE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hippocampal sclerosis was confirmed by H and E stain. To explore the amount and cellular location of the Reelin cascade molecules, the hippocampal tissues from MTLE surgery and controls (n = 15 each) were studied using Immuno-histochemistry (IHC). Additionally, confocal imaging was used to validate the IHC findings by co-localization of different proteins. Quantification of IHC images was performed using histo-score and confocal images by Image J software. RESULTS Immune expression of active Reelin was significantly reduced in patients. Reelin receptors were deranged, apolipoprotein E receptor 2 was increased while very low-density lipoprotein receptor was reduced. Disabled-1, a downstream molecule was significantly reduced in MTLE. Its ultimate target, cofilin was thus disinhibited and expressed more in MTLE. Reelin cleaving protease, matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-9 inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of matrix protease-1, showed reduced expression in extracellular matrix. Semi-quantification of immunohistochemistry was done using Histo (H) score. H score of Reelin in diseased patients was 15 against 125 for control patients. These results were validated by confocal fluorescence microscopy. CONCLUSIONS Reelin signalling cascade was deranged in chronic MTLE. Pharmacological manipulation of Reelin cascade can be done at various levels and it may provide novel treatment options for MTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulika Gupta
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mili Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Navneet Singla
- Department of Neurosurgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parampreet S Kharbanda
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yogender S Bansal
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - B D Radotra
- Department of Histopathology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Ramu P, Srivastava RK, Sanyal A, Fengler K, Cao J, Zhang Y, Nimkar M, Gerke J, Shreedharan S, Llaca V, May G, Peterson-Burch B, Lin H, King M, Das S, Bhupesh V, Mandaokar A, Maruthachalam K, Krishnamurthy P, Gandhi H, Rathore A, Gupta R, Chitikineni A, Bajaj P, Gupta SK, Satyavathi CT, Pandravada A, Varshney RK, Babu R. Improved pearl millet genomes representing the global heterotic pool offer a framework for molecular breeding applications. Commun Biol 2023; 6:902. [PMID: 37667032 PMCID: PMC10477261 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-quality reference genome assemblies, representative of global heterotic patterns, offer an ideal platform to accurately characterize and utilize genetic variation in the primary gene pool of hybrid crops. Here we report three platinum grade de-novo, near gap-free, chromosome-level reference genome assemblies from the active breeding germplasm in pearl millet with a high degree of contiguity, completeness, and accuracy. An improved Tift genome (Tift23D2B1-P1-P5) assembly has a contig N50 ~ 7,000-fold (126 Mb) compared to the previous version and better alignment in centromeric regions. Comparative genome analyses of these three lines clearly demonstrate a high level of collinearity and multiple structural variations, including inversions greater than 1 Mb. Differential genes in improved Tift genome are enriched for serine O-acetyltransferase and glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process which play an important role in improving the nutritional quality of seed protein and disease resistance in plants, respectively. Multiple marker-trait associations are identified for a range of agronomic traits, including grain yield through genome-wide association study. Improved genome assemblies and marker resources developed in this study provide a comprehensive framework/platform for future applications such as marker-assisted selection of mono/oligogenic traits as well as whole-genome prediction and haplotype-based breeding of complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punna Ramu
- Corteva Agriscience, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rakesh K Srivastava
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | | | | | - Jun Cao
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Gregory May
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | | | - Haining Lin
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
- Moderna, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Matthew King
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
- Natera Inc, San Carlos, CA, 94070, USA
| | - Sayan Das
- Corteva Agriscience, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vaid Bhupesh
- Corteva Agriscience, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | | | | | - Harish Gandhi
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Cereal Crops Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Annapurna Chitikineni
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Prasad Bajaj
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - S K Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - C Tara Satyavathi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - All India Coordinated Research Project on Pearl Millet, Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
- Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Raman Babu
- Corteva Agriscience, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Yaser Arafath M, Bhatia V, Kumar A, Chauhan R, Prabhakar A, Gupta SK, Singh P. Adapting to transradial approach in cerebral angiography: Factors influencing successful cannulation. Neuroradiol J 2023; 36:163-168. [PMID: 35749090 PMCID: PMC10034707 DOI: 10.1177/19714009221111090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate factors that influence the successful cannulation of intracranial vessels using a transradial approach. METHODS A total of 61 transradial diagnostic angiograms were evaluated in a tertiary care center from July 2020 to December 2021. We evaluated the learning curve and aortic arch vessel factors that may influence the cannulation of intracranial major vessels using a transradial approach. RESULTS Learning curve for the procedure was established after 21 cases. We were successful in cannulating the supra-aortic arteries except in 4 cases where we were unable to cannulate the left VA (vertebral artery). Significant positive correlation was seen between time to Sim (Simmons curve) formation and aortic arch diameter (p = .002). Significant positive correlation was also seen between left VA take-off angle and time to cannulate left VA (p = .001) and negative correlation was noted between left CCA (common carotid artery) take-off angle and time to cannulate left CCA (p = .001). CONCLUSION Transradial approach is a feasible and safe approach for performing cerebral angiography. Multiple factors can influence the procedure time and successful cannulation of intracranial vessels. With the availability of radial specific hardware in the future, procedural success and time taken to complete the procedure may improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yaser Arafath
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and
Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vikas Bhatia
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and
Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and
Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajeev Chauhan
- Department of Anaesthesia, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and
Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anuj Prabhakar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and
Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - SK Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and
Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Paramjeet Singh
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and
Research, Chandigarh, India
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Kudapa H, Barmukh R, Vemuri H, Gorthy S, Pinnamaneni R, Vetriventhan M, Srivastava RK, Joshi P, Habyarimana E, Gupta SK, Govindaraj M. Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1123655. [PMID: 36950360 PMCID: PMC10025513 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1123655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition is a serious threat to the developing world's human population, which largely relies on a cereal-based diet that lacks diversity and micronutrients. Besides major cereals, millets represent the key sources of energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals for people residing in the dryland tropics and drought-prone areas of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Millets serve as multi-purpose crops with several salient traits including tolerance to abiotic stresses, adaptation to diverse agro-ecologies, higher productivity in nutrient-poor soils, and rich nutritional characteristics. Considering the potential of millets in empowering smallholder farmers, adapting to changing climate, and transforming agrifood systems, the year 2023 has been declared by the United Nations as the International Year of Millets. In this review, we highlight recent genetic and genomic innovations that can be explored to enhance grain micronutrient density in millets. We summarize the advances made in high-throughput phenotyping to accurately measure grain micronutrient content in cereals. We shed light on genetic diversity in millet germplasm collections existing globally that can be exploited for developing nutrient-dense and high-yielding varieties to address food and nutritional security. Furthermore, we describe the progress made in the fields of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics with an emphasis on enhancing the grain nutritional content for designing competitive biofortified varieties for the future. Considering the close genetic-relatedness within cereals, upcoming research should focus on identifying the genetic and genomic basis of nutritional traits in millets and introgressing them into major cereals through integrated omics approaches. Recent breakthroughs in the genome editing toolbox would be crucial for mainstreaming biofortification in millets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himabindu Kudapa
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Rutwik Barmukh
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Hindu Vemuri
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Sunita Gorthy
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | | | - Mani Vetriventhan
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Rakesh K. Srivastava
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Priyanka Joshi
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Ephrem Habyarimana
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - S. K. Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Mahalingam Govindaraj
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
- HarvestPlus Program, Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
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10
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Yadav KK, Chouhan N, Thubstan R, Norlha S, Hariharan J, Borwankar C, Chandra P, Dhar VK, Mankuzhyil N, Godambe S, Sharma M, Venugopal K, Singh KK, Bhatt N, Bhattacharyya S, Chanchalani K, Das MP, Ghosal B, Godiyal S, Khurana M, Kotwal SV, Koul MK, Kumar N, Kushwaha CP, Nand K, Pathania A, Sahayanathan S, Sarkar D, Tolamati A, Koul R, Rannot RC, Tickoo AK, Chitnis VR, Behere A, Padmini S, Manna A, Joy S, Nair PM, Jha KP, Moitra S, Neema S, Srivastava S, Punna M, Mohanan S, Sikder SS, Jain A, Banerjee S, . K, Deshpande J, Sanadhya V, Andrew G, Patil MB, Goyal VK, Gupta N, Balakrishna H, Agrawal A, Srivastava SP, Karn KN, Hadgali PI, Bhatt S, Mishra VK, Biswas PK, Gupta RK, Kumar A, Thul SG, Kalmady R, Sonvane DD, Kumar V, Gaur UK, Chattopadhyay J, Gupta SK, Kiran AR, Parulekar Y, Agrawal MK, Parmar RM, Reddy GR, Mayya YS, Pithawa CK. Commissioning of the MACE gamma-ray telescope at Hanle, Ladakh, India. CURR SCI INDIA 2022. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i12/1428-1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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11
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Kumari M, Gupta SK. Cumulative human health risk analysis of trihalomethanes exposure in drinking water systems. J Environ Manage 2022; 321:115949. [PMID: 35985263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated compounds on reaction with natural organic substances present in water leads to the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs), a major type of disinfection by-products (DBPs). Trihalomethanes (THMs) are the most widely investigated DBPs in drinking water systems because of their carcinogenic potential and subsequent adverse effects on human health. This study investigated the effect of gastro-intestinal absorption factor on human health risk assessment. Monitoring and analysis of water quality parameters and THMs levels in drinking water treatment plants revealed that the average values (306.5 μg/L) exceeded the recommended US EPA guidelines of 80 μg/L. Spearman rank (rho) correlation coefficient indicated that dissolved organic carbon is the major parameter influencing THMs formation. Monte Carlo simulations base risk assessment study was conducted for three different exposure pathways. The observed human health risk exposure effects due to THMs were below the recommended USEPA level (1.0 × 10-6) for both the drinking water treatment plants. Seasonal disparity on risk estimation analysis revealed higher risk in summer season followed by autumn which is principally due to high concentration of THMs in summers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minashree Kumari
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Huaz Khas-110016, India; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad-826004, Jharkhand, India.
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad-826004, Jharkhand, India
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Kumar MP, Rajput R, Ralta A, Quintans-Júnior LJ, C Gutierrez SJ, Barbosa-Filho JM, Shekhawat D, Radotra BD, Gupta SK, Medhi B. Evaluation of Progesterone Receptor Antagonist and Maxi-K Channel Agonist as Neuroprotective in Feeney's Weight Drop Model of TBI. Neurol India 2022; 70:1601-1609. [PMID: 36076665 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.355164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Neuroprotection in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an unmet medical need. Objective We evaluated two agents, aglepristone (progesterone receptor antagonist) and N-salicyloyltryptamine (STP) (activator of Maxi-K channel in GH3 cells), for neuroprotection in Feeney's weight drop model of TBI. Material and Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n = 8 per group). A battery of six neurobehavioral tests was evaluated at the end of the first week (EO1W), second week (EO2W), and third week (EO3W). In addition, histopathological and immunohistochemistry (BAX, Bcl-2, and M30 Cytodeath) tests were performed at EO3W. Results Aglepristone at 10 mg/kg showed significant neuroprotection compared to control as assessed by Rota-rod test at EO1W, VEFP right paw and 28-point neurobehavioral test at EO2W, MWM test at EO3W, and positive histopathological and IHC findings. Aglepristone at 20 mg/kg showed negative results as assessed by BAX expression, downregulation of Bcl-2, and positive M30 Cytodeath, thereby suggesting toxicity at higher doses. STP 100 mg/kg showed modest neuroprotective activity but failed to show a dose-response relationship at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Conclusion The study shows that progesterone receptor antagonists have neuroprotection at lower doses and toxicity at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Praveen Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rohit Rajput
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Arti Ralta
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Stanley J C Gutierrez
- Ph.D., Coordination of Pharmacy-Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | | | - Devendra Shekhawat
- Department of Anatomy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - B D Radotra
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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13
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Sharma S, Mehta P, Patil A, Gupta SK, Rajender S, Chattopadhyay N. Meta-analyses of the quantitative computed tomography data in dialysis patients show differential impacts of renal failure on the trabecular and cortical bones. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:1521-1533. [PMID: 35249146 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dialysis patients have compromised bone health that increases their fracture risk due to low bone mass and deterioration in bone microarchitecture. Through meta-analyses of published studies, we conclude that dialysis patients suffer from impaired compartmental bone parameters compared with healthy controls. INTRODUCTION We performed meta-analyses to determine the effect of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients under dialysis on the trabecular and cortical parameters of radius and tibia. METHODS This is a meta-analysis of cross-sectional and prospective clinical studies. PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched using various permutation combinations. Dialysis patients were compared with non-CKD healthy controls using quantitative computed tomography. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and pQCT data of dialysis patients were dissected from eligible studies for pooled analysis of each parameter. RESULTS Ten studies met the inclusion criteria that included data from 457 dialysis patients and 2134 controls. Pooled analysis showed a significant decrease (a) in total vBMD at distal radius [standard deviation of the mean (SDM) = -0.842, p = 0.000] and tibia (SMD = -0.705, p = 0.000) and (b) in cortical vBMD (SDM = -1.037, p = 0.000) at radius of dialysis patients compared with control. There were strong correlations between total vBMD and microarchitecture parameters at tibia in dialysis patients. CONCLUSIONS At radius and tibia, bone mass, microarchitecture, and geometry at trabecular and cortical envelopes displayed impairments in dialysis patients compared with control. Tibial vBMD may have diagnostic value in dialysis. HR-pQCT and pQCT may be used to further understand the compartmental bones response to CKD-induced loss at different stages of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - P Mehta
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - A Patil
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - S Rajender
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - N Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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14
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Srivastava RK, Yadav OP, Kaliamoorthy S, Gupta SK, Serba DD, Choudhary S, Govindaraj M, Kholová J, Murugesan T, Satyavathi CT, Gumma MK, Singh RB, Bollam S, Gupta R, Varshney RK. Breeding Drought-Tolerant Pearl Millet Using Conventional and Genomic Approaches: Achievements and Prospects. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:781524. [PMID: 35463391 PMCID: PMC9021881 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.781524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is a C4 crop cultivated for its grain and stover in crop-livestock-based rain-fed farming systems of tropics and subtropics in the Indian subcontinent and sub-Saharan Africa. The intensity of drought is predicted to further exacerbate because of looming climate change, necessitating greater focus on pearl millet breeding for drought tolerance. The nature of drought in different target populations of pearl millet-growing environments (TPEs) is highly variable in its timing, intensity, and duration. Pearl millet response to drought in various growth stages has been studied comprehensively. Dissection of drought tolerance physiology and phenology has helped in understanding the yield formation process under drought conditions. The overall understanding of TPEs and differential sensitivity of various growth stages to water stress helped to identify target traits for manipulation through breeding for drought tolerance. Recent advancement in high-throughput phenotyping platforms has made it more realistic to screen large populations/germplasm for drought-adaptive traits. The role of adapted germplasm has been emphasized for drought breeding, as the measured performance under drought stress is largely an outcome of adaptation to stress environments. Hybridization of adapted landraces with selected elite genetic material has been stated to amalgamate adaptation and productivity. Substantial progress has been made in the development of genomic resources that have been used to explore genetic diversity, linkage mapping (QTLs), marker-trait association (MTA), and genomic selection (GS) in pearl millet. High-throughput genotyping (HTPG) platforms are now available at a low cost, offering enormous opportunities to apply markers assisted selection (MAS) in conventional breeding programs targeting drought tolerance. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, micro-environmental modeling, and pearl millet whole genome re-sequence information covering circa 1,000 wild and cultivated accessions have helped to greater understand germplasm, genomes, candidate genes, and markers. Their application in molecular breeding would lead to the development of high-yielding and drought-tolerant pearl millet cultivars. This review examines how the strategic use of genetic resources, modern genomics, molecular biology, and shuttle breeding can further enhance the development and delivery of drought-tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K. Srivastava
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - O. P. Yadav
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, India
| | - Sivasakthi Kaliamoorthy
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - S. K. Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Desalegn D. Serba
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (ARS), U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, United States
| | - Sunita Choudhary
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Mahalingam Govindaraj
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Jana Kholová
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Tharanya Murugesan
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - C. Tara Satyavathi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research – All India Coordinated Research Project on Pearl Millet, Jodhpur, India
| | - Murali Krishna Gumma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Ram B. Singh
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Srikanth Bollam
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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15
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Kumar M, Gupta SK. Multicriteria decision-making based on the confidence level Q-rung orthopair normal fuzzy aggregation operator. Granul Comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41066-022-00314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Choden Y, Sharma MP, Pandey G, Gupta SK, Dema KD. Ecological Health Assessment of Renuka Lake, Himachal Pradesh, India. Nat Env Poll Tech 2022. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2022.v21i01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers, policymakers, and governments are increasingly interested in assessing the ecological health (EH) of lakes and streams. The EH of a lake can be expressed in terms of water quality, trophic state and biodiversity of riparian vegetation, macroinvertebrates and fishes. The ecological health index (EHI) of Renuka lake, Himachal Pradesh of India, was analyzed based on National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI), Carlson’s Trophic State Index (TSI), Simpson Diversity Index (SDI), and Shannon-Weiner index (SWI). The results of NSFWQI and CTSI are found in the range of 40-59 and 49.9-58.9 respectively indicating that the water quality was poor to medium and not suitable for drinking purposes but can be used for secondary purposes such as agriculture, industry, and recreation etc. The trophic state of the lake is similarly in the eutrophic range, with an overall EHI of 1.81-2.47, indicating poor to medium trophic status. Apart from analyzed results, the EH category from mesotrophic to a eutrophic state of the lake is caused due to the cultural siltation/nutrient loading, religious practices, land tenurial issues, and uncontrolled tourist pressure followed by recreational activities on water bodies and lake vicinity. Accordingly, suitable restoration methods such as source control, desilting/dredging, and lake aquatic plantation are suggested to recover the ecological health of the lake back to a mesotrophic or oligotrophic state.
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Mishra P, Malla MA, Gupta SK, Mishra P, Malla MA, Gupta SK. Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐Modified Graphite Felt and Carbon Cloth Anodes for Use in Microbial Fuel Cells. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Praveena Mishra
- School of Studies in Chemistry Jiwaji University Gwalior 474011 India
| | | | | | - P. Mishra
- School of Studies in Chemistry Jiwaji University Gwalior 474011 India
| | - M. A. Malla
- School of Studies in Chemistry Jiwaji University Gwalior 474011 India
| | - S. K. Gupta
- School of Studies in Chemistry Jiwaji University Gwalior 474011 India
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Gupta SK, Biswkarma V, Rohatgi N, Saxena R. Knowledge, attitudes, and perception of 398 cancer patients toward participation in clinical trials: A single-center study from New Delhi, India. Perspect Clin Res 2022; 13:43-47. [PMID: 35198428 PMCID: PMC8815669 DOI: 10.4103/picr.picr_177_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Clinical trials are considered to be the gold standard research methodology for evaluating the efficacy and safety of healthcare interventions. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using standardized self-administered questionnaires prepared by the research team and statistician. The questionnaires were offered to cancer patients presented at a tertiary care center. Results: We surveyed 398 cancer patients, 193 (48.5%) males and 205 (51.5%) females with a mean (±standard deviation) 55.39 (±13.59) of age in years. Out of total, only 59 (14.82%) had the prior knowledge of the clinical trial. Forty-three (10.80%) participants were willing to participate in clinical trials. Conclusion: Cancer patients had preconceived notions and myths that linger in our society that clinical trial participation will harm them. The researchers/oncologists need to explore the rationale, objectives, and benefits of taking part in clinical trials and make it easy to understand by cancer patients.
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Husian S, Jeyaraman P, Gupta SK, Rai R, Pathak S, Dayal N, Naithani R. Innovator Filgrastim versus Generic Filgrastim in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Mobilization. South Asian J Cancer 2021; 10:172-174. [PMID: 34938680 PMCID: PMC8687862 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods
This is a retrospective study. G-CSF was administered in the dose of 10 μg/kg subcutaneous as a single dose for 4 days. On day 5, peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) apheresis was performed using Haemonetics MCS plus or COBE Spectra apheresis machine through a double-lumen central venous catheter. Primary outcome parameters were the total number of CD34+ HSCs/kg of recipient weight mobilized in peripheral blood and the number of days required for neutrophil and platelets engraftment, respectively.
Objective
We compared the effectiveness and safety of innovator filgrastim versus generic filgrastim in patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
Results
A total of 91 stem cell mobilizations was analyzed. There were 58 normal healthy donors for allogeneic HSCT and 33 patients for autologous HSCT. There was no statistically significant difference among groups in terms of total collected CD34+ cells value (
p
= 0.609). The mean time to neutrophil engraftment was 13.7 days in the innovator group and 13.2 days in the Grafeel group (
p
= 0.518). The mean time to platelet engraftment was 16.2 days in the innovator group and 14.8 days in the generic group (
p
= 0.435). The patient who received generic filgrastim had more febrile episodes during the course of transplantation (
p
= 0.020).
Conclusion
Generic filgrastim was found to be comparable to original filgrastim for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization in normal healthy donors for allogeneic HSCT and patients for autologous HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadik Husian
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Preethi Jeyaraman
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Reeta Rai
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Lab Medicine Transfusion Medicine, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Sangeeta Pathak
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Lab Medicine Transfusion Medicine, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitin Dayal
- Department of Lab Medicine, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Naithani
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Saket, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
In many real-world problems, one may encounter uncertainty in the input data. The fuzzy set theory fits well to handle such situations. However, it is not always possible to determine with full satisfaction the membership and non-membership degrees associated with an element of the fuzzy set. The intuitionistic fuzzy sets play a key role in dealing with the hesitation factor along-with the uncertainty involved in the problem and hence, provides more flexibility in the decision-making process. In this article, we introduce a new ordering on the set of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and propose a simple approach for solving the fully intuitionistic fuzzy linear programming problems with mixed constraints and unrestricted variables where the parameters and decision variables of the problem are represented by intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The proposed method converts the problem into a crisp non-linear programming problem and further finds the intuitionistic fuzzy optimal solution to the problem. Some of the key significance of the proposed study are also pointed out along-with the limitations of the existing studies. The approach is illustrated step-by-step with the help of a numerical example and further, a production planning problem is also demonstrated to show the applicability of the study in practical situations. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is analyzed with the existing studies based on various computational parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Malik
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S. K. Gupta
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Ali S, Khan SU, Gupta SK, Sinha A, Gupta MK, Abbasnia A, Mohammadi AA. Health risk assessment due to fluoride exposure from groundwater in rural areas of Agra, India: Monte Carlo simulation. Int J Environ Sci Technol 2021; 18:3665-3676. [DOI: 10.1007/s13762-020-03084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
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Mattoo S, Agarwal A, Mayilvaganan S, Mishra P, Agarwal G, Mishra A, Chand G, Gupta SK, Mishra SK. Role of postoperative intact serum PTH as an early predictor of severe post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia: a prospective study. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1961-1970. [PMID: 33502721 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01511-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is a major sequel of thyroidectomy and continues to trouble the endocrinologists and the endocrine surgeons as there is no ideal predictive marker of hypocalcemia which has the potential to develop into a life-threatening complication. The role of early serum intact parathormone (iPTH) to predict post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is becoming useful but the literature is still unclear regarding the optimal time of testing and the optimal cut-off value of serum iPTH. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of 111 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy in a tertiary care endocrine surgery referral unit. Serum iPTH was measured after 20 min and 4 h of surgery. Receiver-Operator characteristic Curve (ROC) was used to find out of the best cut-off value of S. iPTH 20 min and 4 h after surgery in predicting hypocalcemia. RESULTS Hypocalcemia was noted in 60 (54%) out of 111 subjects who underwent total thyroidectomy. The best cut-off values of Serum iPTH to predict hypocalcemia was found to be 4.28 pmol/l at 20 min post total thyroidectomy with a sensitivity and specificity of 81.7% and 51%, respectively. In addition, patients with malignancy or central lymph nodal dissection were significantly over-represented in the hypocalcemia group with serum iPTH above the threshold level of 4.28 pmol/l. Below the cut off level, parenteral calcium supplementation was required in 23% (17/74) subjects while the rate was only 5.4% (2/37) patients when serum iPTH was above the cut-off level. CONCLUSIONS The decline of serum iPTH below a specific level after surgery has predictive value together with other factors strictly related to patient, the thyroid disease itself and surgery. The risk of development of hypocalcemia and consequent need for calcium supplementation should be evaluated by clinical assessment along with serum PTH measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mattoo
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - A Agarwal
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India.
| | - S Mayilvaganan
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - P Mishra
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - G Agarwal
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - A Mishra
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - G Chand
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - S K Mishra
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, 226014, India
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Bansal VK, Misra MC, Agarwal AK, Agrawal JB, Agarwal PN, Aggarwal S, Aslam M, Krishna A, Baksi A, Behari A, Bhattacharjee HK, Bhojwani R, Chander J, Chattopadhyay TK, Chintamani, Chowbey P, Dalvi A, Dash NR, Dhawan IK, Gamangatti S, Garg PK, Gupta NM, Gupta R, Gupta SK, Gupta V, Kaman L, Kapur BML, Kataria K, Khan M, Khanna AK, Khullar R, Kumar A, Kumar A, Kumar S, Kumar S, Lal P, Maurya SD, Moirangthem GS, Pal S, Panwar R, Parshad R, Pottakkat B, Prajapati OP, Puntambekar S, Ranjan P, Rathore YS, Sahni P, Sarangi R, Seenu V, Sharma R, Shukla VK, Singh DP, Singh J, Singh R, Sinha R, Sikora SS, Srivastava A, Srivastava A, Srivastava KN, Thomas S, Verma GR, Wig JD, Kapoor VK. SELSI Consensus Statement for Safe Cholecystectomy—Prevention and Management of Bile Duct Injury—Part B. Indian J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-019-01994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Nekrasov KA, Galashev AE, Seitov DD, Gupta SK. Diffusion of oxygen in hypostoichiometric uranium dioxide nanocrystals. A molecular dynamics simulation. Chim Tech Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.15826/chimtech.2021.8.1.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A molecular dynamic simulation of diffusion of intrinsic oxygen anions in the bulk of hypostoichiometric UO2-x nanocrystals with a free surface was carried out. The main diffusion mechanism turned out to be the migration of oxygen by the anionic vacancies. It is shown that in the range of values of the non-stoichiometry parameter 0.05 £x £ 0.275 the oxygen diffusion coefficient D is weakly dependent on temperature, despite the uniform distribution of the vacancies over the model crystallite. The reliable D values calculated for the temperature T = 923 K are in the range from 3×10-9 to 7×10-8 cm2/s, in quantitative agreement with the experimental data. The corresponding diffusion activation energy is in the range from 0.57 eV to 0.65 eV, depending on the interaction potentials used for the calculations.
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Yadav OP, Gupta SK, Govindaraj M, Sharma R, Varshney RK, Srivastava RK, Rathore A, Mahala RS. Genetic Gains in Pearl Millet in India: Insights Into Historic Breeding Strategies and Future Perspective. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:645038. [PMID: 33859663 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.64503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum R. Br.) is an important staple and nutritious food crop in the semiarid and arid ecologies of South Asia (SA) and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In view of climate change, depleting water resources, and widespread malnutrition, there is a need to accelerate the rate of genetic gains in pearl millet productivity. This review discusses past strategies and future approaches to accelerate genetic gains to meet future demand. Pearl millet breeding in India has historically evolved very comprehensively from open-pollinated varieties development to hybrid breeding. Availability of stable cytoplasmic male sterility system with adequate restorers and strategic use of genetic resources from India and SSA laid the strong foundation of hybrid breeding. Genetic and cytoplasmic diversification of hybrid parental lines, periodic replacement of hybrids, and breeding disease-resistant and stress-tolerant cultivars have been areas of very high priority. As a result, an annual yield increase of 4% has been realized in the last three decades. There is considerable scope to further accelerate the efforts on hybrid breeding for drought-prone areas in SA and SSA. Heterotic grouping of hybrid parental lines is essential to sustain long-term genetic gains. Time is now ripe for mainstreaming of the nutritional traits improvement in pearl millet breeding programs. New opportunities are emerging to improve the efficiency and precision of breeding. Development and application of high-throughput genomic tools, speed breeding, and precision phenotyping protocols need to be intensified to exploit a huge wealth of native genetic variation available in pearl millet to accelerate the genetic gains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S K Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Mahalingam Govindaraj
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Rajan Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Rakesh K Srivastava
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - A Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
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Yadav OP, Gupta SK, Govindaraj M, Sharma R, Varshney RK, Srivastava RK, Rathore A, Mahala RS. Genetic Gains in Pearl Millet in India: Insights Into Historic Breeding Strategies and Future Perspective. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:645038. [PMID: 33859663 PMCID: PMC8042313 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.645038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum R. Br.) is an important staple and nutritious food crop in the semiarid and arid ecologies of South Asia (SA) and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In view of climate change, depleting water resources, and widespread malnutrition, there is a need to accelerate the rate of genetic gains in pearl millet productivity. This review discusses past strategies and future approaches to accelerate genetic gains to meet future demand. Pearl millet breeding in India has historically evolved very comprehensively from open-pollinated varieties development to hybrid breeding. Availability of stable cytoplasmic male sterility system with adequate restorers and strategic use of genetic resources from India and SSA laid the strong foundation of hybrid breeding. Genetic and cytoplasmic diversification of hybrid parental lines, periodic replacement of hybrids, and breeding disease-resistant and stress-tolerant cultivars have been areas of very high priority. As a result, an annual yield increase of 4% has been realized in the last three decades. There is considerable scope to further accelerate the efforts on hybrid breeding for drought-prone areas in SA and SSA. Heterotic grouping of hybrid parental lines is essential to sustain long-term genetic gains. Time is now ripe for mainstreaming of the nutritional traits improvement in pearl millet breeding programs. New opportunities are emerging to improve the efficiency and precision of breeding. Development and application of high-throughput genomic tools, speed breeding, and precision phenotyping protocols need to be intensified to exploit a huge wealth of native genetic variation available in pearl millet to accelerate the genetic gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Parkash Yadav
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, India
- *Correspondence: Om Parkash Yadav
| | - S. K. Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Mahalingam Govindaraj
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Rajan Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Rakesh K. Srivastava
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - A. Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
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Bansal A, Jeyaraman P, Gupta SK, Dayal N, Naithani R. Clinical utility of procalcitonin in bacterial infections in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am J Blood Res 2020; 10:339-344. [PMID: 33489442 PMCID: PMC7811896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infections are major contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing bone marrow transplant (BMT). OBJECTIVE To assess role of serum procalcitonin (PCT) as a useful biomarker for the infections and outcomes in these patients. METHODS Retrospective observational study. RESULTS Total 47 patients with febrile episodes were enrolled. Twenty patients underwent autologous BMT and 27 underwent allogeneic BMT. Bacterial infections were documented in 18/47 (38%) patients. Forty patients were neutropenic. The median fever duration was 10 days (range 3-30 days) in positive procalcitonin level group whereas it was 4 days (range 1-18) in negative group. This was statistically significant (P=0.000). Procalcitonin levels were high in 8/9 episodes of sepsis (P=0.029). Intensive care unit transfers and death were significantly higher in PCT positive group as compared to PCT negative group. CONCLUSION Serum procalcitonin levels provide prognostic information of worse outcome in patients undergoing HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bansal
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research UniversityNew Delhi, India
| | - Preethi Jeyaraman
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Max Super-Speciality HospitalSaket, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research UniversityNew Delhi, India
| | - Nitin Dayal
- Department of Lab Medicine, Max Super-Speciality HospitalSaket, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Naithani
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Max Super-Speciality HospitalSaket, New Delhi, India
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Rajendran P, Moscicki T, Wampler J, Ellenrieder KV, Gupta SK. Trajectory planning for unmanned surface vehicles operating under wave-induced motion uncertainty in dynamic environments. INT J ADV ROBOT SYST 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1729881420958948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a deliberative trajectory planning method to avoid collisions with traffic vessels. It also plans traversal across wavefields generated by these vessels and minimizes the risk of failure. Our method searches over a state-space consisting of pose and time. And, it produces collision-free and minimum-risk trajectory. It uses a lookup table to account for motion uncertainty and failure risk. We also present speed-up techniques to increase performance. Our wave-aware planner produces plans that (1) have shorter execution times and safer when compared to previously developed reactive planning schemes and (2) comply with user-defined wave-traversal constraints and Collision Regulations (COLREGs)
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Rajendran
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Travis Moscicki
- Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Dania Beach, FL, USA
| | - Jared Wampler
- Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Dania Beach, FL, USA
| | | | - S. K. Gupta
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Sherkhane R, Meena P, Hanifa N, Mahanta VD, Gupta SK. IFTAK technique: An advanced Ksharsutra technique for management of fistula in ano. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2020; 12:161-164. [PMID: 32800397 PMCID: PMC8039351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fistula in ano is mostnotorious disease among all the ano-rectal disorders since antiquity. Over the past few decades, various techniques are being evaluated in terms to prevent its recurrence and complications, but despite more than two millennia of efforts, fistula in ano still remains a perplexing surgical disease. The sign and symptoms of fistula in ano resembles with Bhagandara described in Ayurveda classics. For the management of this painful disease many treatment modalities are enumerated in Ayurveda classics and Ksharsutra therapy is one among them which is proved to be gold standard. Though Ksharsutra therapy is big revolution in the field of fistula in ano, but it has some disadvantages like it is time consuming process, severe post-procedural pain, big scar mark. So, in present era IFTAK is emerging as an advanced innovative technique for the management of fistula in ano along with betterment in the consequences of conventional method of Ksharsutra therapy. In the present case report, IFTAK (Interception of Fistulous tract and application of Ksharsutra) technique is used in trans sphincteric fistula in ano which showed a great potential in management by minimizing the duration of treatment, mild post procedural pain and minimum scar mark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sherkhane
- Department of Shalya Tantra, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi 110076, India.
| | - Priyanka Meena
- Department of Shalya Tantra, Gangasheel Ayurvedic Medical College & Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar pradesh 243123, India
| | - Nasreen Hanifa
- Department of Shalya Tantra, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi 110076, India
| | - V D Mahanta
- Department of Shalya Tantra, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi 110076, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Shalya Tantra, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi 110076, India
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Gupta RK, Dholariya SJ, Kaushik S, Gupta SK, Tripathi R, Jain SL. Hyperinsulinemia and Hypoadiponectinemia are Associated with Increased Risk for Occurrence of Ovarian Cancer in Non-diabetic Women of North Indian Population. Indian J Clin Biochem 2020; 36:221-227. [PMID: 33867714 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-020-00891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has been emerged as a most common and lethal gynecological malignancy in India. High serum insulin and low adiponectin have been associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer. But their role in development of ovarian cancer is conflicting and little evidence is available. We aimed to evaluate blood levels of insulin and adiponectin in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and their association with the risk to develop EOC. The study included following three groups; Group 1: fifty cases of cytohistopathologically confirmed cases of EOC, Group 2: fifty age matched cases of benign ovarian conditions and Group 3: fifty ages matched healthy controls with no evidence of any benign or malignant ovarian pathology as ruled out by clinical examination and relevant investigations. Cytohistopathologically confirmed and newly diagnosed cases of EOC and benign ovarian cancer were included in this study. The median value of fasting serum insulin was significantly high (15.0 µlU/ml, P = 0.02) and adiponectin were significantly low (5.1 µg/ml, P < 0.001) in ovarian cancer patients compared to benign ovarian tumors and healthy controls group. A significant increase risk of ovarian cancer was found in high tertile (≥ 18.7 µlU/ml) of serum insulin level (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.00-6.67, P = 0.04) and lower tertile (≤ 5.45 µg/ml) of adiponectin level (OR = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.10-9.71, P = 0.03). High serum insulin level and low adiponectin levels were significantly associated with increased risk for development of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Smita Kaushik
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Reva Tripathi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Shyam Lata Jain
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
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Mahajan S, Gupta SK. Development and analysis of a sustainable garbage disposal model for environmental management under uncertainty. Sci Total Environ 2020; 709:135037. [PMID: 31881474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental management is one of the most challenging tasks due to growing population and urbanization. Quadratic programming (QP) in operations research happens to be well equipped to deal with such issues. The present study develops and analyzes a generalized concave QP optimization model having interval parameters with an aim to handle garbage disposal model having a sustainable futuristic vision. Moreover, the model does away with the fundamental requirement of segregated waste at the source itself. The proposed algorithm finds the infimum and supremum of the objective function by first splitting it into two bi-level submodels. Both of the submodels are then investigated subject to the interval parameters in the objective function as well as in the constraints. The solution methodology of the proposed algorithm is explained with the help of a numerical example dealing with concave optimization followed by its application to environmental management. The comparison through figures with the existing models establishes its ecological and economical sustainability through prospective expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumati Mahajan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, 247 667, India.
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Williams V, Bansal A, Jayashree M, Ismail J, Aggarwal A, Gupta SK, Singhi S, Singhi P, Baranwal AK, Nallasamy K. Decompressive craniectomy in pediatric non-traumatic intracranial hypertension: a single center experience. Br J Neurosurg 2020; 34:258-263. [PMID: 32186205 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2020.1740648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To study the clinical profile and predictors of outcome in children undergoing decompressive craniectomy (DC) for non-traumatic intracranial hypertension (ICH).Materials and methods: Mixed observational study of children, aged 1 month-12 years, who underwent DC for non-traumatic ICH in a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit from 2012 to 2017. Data on clinical profile and outcome were retrieved retrospectively and survivors were assessed prospectively. The primary outcome was neurological outcome using Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E) at minimum 6 months' post-discharge. GOS-E of 1-4 were classified as a poor and 5-8 as a good outcome.Results: Thirty children, median (IQR) age of 6.5 (2, 50) months, underwent DC; of which 26 (86.7%) were boys. Altered sensorium (n = 26, 86.7%), seizures (n = 25, 83.3%), pallor (n = 19, 63.3%) and anisocoria (n = 14, 46.7%) were common signs and symptoms. Median (IQR) Glasgow Coma Scale at admission was 9 (6,11). Commonest etiology was intracranial bleed (n = 24; 80%). Median (IQR) time to DC was 24 (24,72) h. Eight (26.7%) children died; 2 during PICU stay and 6 during follow-up. Neurological sequelae at discharge (n = 28) were seizures (n = 25; 89.2%) and hemiparesis (n = 16; 57.1%). Twenty-one children were followed-up at median (IQR) duration of 12 (6,54) months. Good neurological outcome was seen in 14/29 (48.2%) and hemiparesis in 10/21 (47.6%) patients. On regression analysis, anisocoria at admission was an independent predictor of poor outcome [OR 7.33; 95%CI: 1.38-38.87; p = 0.019].Conclusions: DC is beneficial in children with non-traumatic ICH due to a focal pathology and midline shift. Evidence on indications and timing of DC in NTC is still evolving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijai Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Arun Bansal
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Muralidharan Jayashree
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Javed Ismail
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Aggarwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunit Singhi
- Pediatrics, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurugram, India
| | | | - Arun Kumar Baranwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Karthi Nallasamy
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Gupta SK, Patil KS, Rathore A, Yadav DV, Sharma LD, Mungra KD, Patil HT, Gupta SK, Kumar R, Chaudhary V, Das RR, Kumar A, Singh V, Srivastava RK, Gupta R, Boratkar M, Varshney RK, Rai KN, Yadav OP. Identification of heterotic groups in South-Asian-bred hybrid parents of pearl millet. Theor Appl Genet 2020; 133:873-888. [PMID: 31897515 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet breeding programs can use this heterotic group information on seed and restorer parents to generate new series of pearl millet hybrids having higher yields than the existing hybrids. Five hundred and eighty hybrid parents, 320 R- and 260 B-lines, derived from 6 pearl millet breeding programs in India, genotyped following RAD-GBS (about 0.9 million SNPs) clustered into 12 R- and 7 B-line groups. With few exceptions, hybrid parents of all the breeding programs were found distributed across all the marker-based groups suggesting good diversity in these programs. Three hundred and twenty hybrids generated using 37 (22 R and 15 B) representative parents, evaluated for grain yield at four locations in India, showed significant differences in yield, heterosis, and combining ability. Across all the hybrids, mean mid- and better-parent heterosis for grain yield was 84.0% and 60.5%, respectively. Groups G12 B × G12 R and G10 B × G12 R had highest heterosis of about 10% over best check hybrid Pioneer 86M86. The parents involved in heterotic hybrids were mainly from the groups G4R, G10B, G12B, G12R, and G13B. Based on the heterotic performance and combining ability of groups, 2 B-line (HGB-1 and HGB-2) and 2 R-line (HGR-1 and HGR-2) heterotic groups were identified. Hybrids from HGB-1 × HGR-1 and HGB-2 × HGR-1 showed grain yield heterosis of 10.6 and 9.3%, respectively, over best hybrid check. Results indicated that parental groups can be formed first by molecular markers, which may not predict the best hybrid combination, but it can reveal a practical value of assigning existing and new hybrid pearl millet parental lines into heterotic groups to develop high-yielding hybrids from the different heterotic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - K Sudarshan Patil
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dev Vart Yadav
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU), Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - L D Sharma
- Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University (SKNAU), Durgapura, Rajasthan, India
| | - K D Mungra
- Junagadh Agricultural University (JAU), Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - H T Patil
- Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Ramesh Kumar
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU), Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Vaibhav Chaudhary
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Roma R Das
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vikas Singh
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rakesh K Srivastava
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - M Boratkar
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - K N Rai
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - O P Yadav
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Foysal MJ, Momtaz F, Kawsar AQMR, Rahman MM, Gupta SK, Tay ACY. Next-generation sequencing reveals significant variations in bacterial compositions across the gastrointestinal tracts of the Indian major carps, rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla) and mrigal (Cirrhinus cirrhosis). Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 70:173-180. [PMID: 31782823 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial communities strongly influence the digestion, health and immune status of fish. This study investigates the microbial distribution of the anterior, middle and distal gut sections of three economically important carp species in Bangladesh, rohu, catla and mrigal (commonly known as Indian major carps), using 16S rRNA-based Illumina sequencing technology. The alpha-diversity measurement with one-way ANOVA indicated high species richness, Shannon and Simpson indices in the middle and distal gut, while the anterior gut of IMCs had the lowest diversity. At the phylum level, there was high abundance of Proteobacteria in the GITs of rohu and mrigal, whereas Fusobacteria was dominant in the anterior and middle guts of catla. At the genus level, diverse microbial communities were identified across the three GIT sections, with six indicator genera found in rohu, catla and mrigal, as revealed by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) at a 0·05 level of significance. Of the 218 genera identified, only 33 were common across the anterior, middle and distal guts of all three species. Bacterial diversity was significantly higher (P < 0·05) in mrigal, followed by catla and rohu, respectively. Alongside the common bacteria Aeromonas, Enterobacter and Serratia, the overwhelming abundance of Cetobacterium, Shewanella and Plesiomonas warrants further investigation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study investigates the microbial communities of the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of three Indian major carp (IMC) species-rohu, catla and mrigal, obtained from a polyculture pond under the same feeding regime. Diverse microbial communities were found, with significantly different relative abundances and diversities of phyla and genera. The results provide valuable information on GIT microbial communities that may be useful for nutrition and health management in IMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Foysal
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.,Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - F Momtaz
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - A Q M R Kawsar
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - M M Rahman
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - S K Gupta
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.,ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - A C Y Tay
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Williams V, Jayashree M, Bansal A, Baranwal A, Nallasamy K, Singhi SC, Singhi P, Gupta SK. Spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage in children-intensive care needs and predictors of in-hospital mortality: a 10-year single-centre experience. Childs Nerv Syst 2019; 35:1371-1379. [PMID: 31165253 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-019-04209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage (SICH) in children, although uncommon, is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Paediatric data is however limited. MATERIAL AND METHODS Case records of 105 children with SICH, > 1 month to 12 years, admitted to a tertiary level PICU of a teaching and referral hospital between January 2009 and May 2018 were analysed retrospectively. In-hospital mortality was the primary outcome. Variables between survivors and non-survivors were compared to determine predictors of mortality. RESULTS The median (IQR) age of subjects was 6 (2.25, 70) months. Common clinical features were altered sensorium (n = 87, 82.9%), seizures (n = 73, 69.5%), pallor (n = 66, 62.9%) and bulging anterior fontanelle (n = 52, 49.5%). Median (IQR) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at admission was 10 (6, 13) with herniation noted in 27 (25.7%) children. Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) and arteriovenous malformation (AVM) were the most common etiology for bleeding among infants and older children respectively. The most common site of bleeding was intracerebral (n = 47, 44.8%) followed by subdural (n = 26; 24.8%). Sixteen (15.2%) children died during hospital stay. On univariate analysis, GCS < 8, Pediatric Risk of Mortality score (PRISM III) > 20, need for intubation, thiopentone coma for refractory intracranial pressure (ICP) and progression to shock and acute kidney injury (AKI) predicted mortality. Seizures were favourably associated with survival. Age, site of bleeding, etiology or type of management for raised ICP (conservative versus decompressive craniectomy) did not affect the outcome. On multivariable analysis, progression to AKI (OR 5.86; 95% CI, 1.53-22.4; p 0.01) predicted poor outcome. Seizures, however, were associated with better odds for survival (OR 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03-0.47; p 0.002). CONCLUSIONS VKDB and AVM were the common etiologies among infants and older children respectively. Age, site, etiology of bleeding and type of management did not affect outcome. Severe decompensation at presentation, thiopentone for refractory ICP and progression to multiorgan dysfunction determined mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijai Williams
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Muralidharan Jayashree
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Arun Bansal
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Arun Baranwal
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Karthi Nallasamy
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Pratibha Singhi
- Department of Pediatrics, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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So-Armah K, Gupta SK, Kundu S, Stewart JC, Goulet JL, Butt AA, Sico JJ, Marconi VC, Crystal S, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Budoff M, Gibert CL, Chang CC, Bedimo R, Freiberg MS. Depression and all-cause mortality risk in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected US veterans: a cohort study. HIV Med 2019; 20:317-329. [PMID: 30924577 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The contribution of depression to mortality in adults with and without HIV infection is unclear. We hypothesized that depression increases mortality risk and that this association is stronger among those with HIV infection. METHODS Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) data were analysed from the first clinic visit on or after 1 April 2003 (baseline) to 30 September 2015. Depression definitions were: (1) major depressive disorder defined using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes; (2) depressive symptoms defined as Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 scores ≥ 10. The outcome was all-cause mortality. Covariates were demographics, comorbid conditions and health behaviours. RESULTS Among 129 140 eligible participants, 30% had HIV infection, 16% had a major depressive disorder diagnosis, and 24% died over a median follow-up time of 11 years. The death rate was 25.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 25.0-25.6] deaths per 1000 person-years. Major depressive disorder was associated with mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.04; 95% CI 1.01, 1.07]. This association was modified by HIV status (interaction P-value = 0.02). In HIV-stratified analyses, depression was significantly associated with mortality among HIV-uninfected veterans but not among those with HIV infection. Among those with PHQ-9 data (n = 7372), 50% had HIV infection, 22% had PHQ-9 scores ≥ 10, and 28% died over a median follow-up time of 12 years. The death rate was 27.3 (95% CI 26.1-28.5) per 1000 person-years. Depressive symptoms were associated with mortality (HR 1.16; 95% CI 1.04, 1.28). This association was modified by HIV status (interaction P-value = 0.05). In HIV-stratified analyses, depressive symptoms were significantly associated with mortality among veterans with HIV infection but not among those without HIV infection. CONCLUSIONS Depression was associated with all-cause mortality. This association was modified by HIV status and method of depression ascertainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K So-Armah
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S K Gupta
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S Kundu
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J C Stewart
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - J L Goulet
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A A Butt
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.,Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - J J Sico
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - V C Marconi
- Emory University School of Medicine and Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S Crystal
- Center for Health Services Research, Institute for Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - M C Rodriguez-Barradas
- Infectious Diseases Section, Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Budoff
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Torrance, CA, USA
| | - C L Gibert
- Washington DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center and George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C-Ch Chang
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Bedimo
- VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M S Freiberg
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Gupta SK, Dangar D, Ahmad I, Al-Homidan S. A fuzzy multiple objective nonlinear optimization problem and its duality results. IFS 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-171797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Gupta
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - D. Dangar
- Department of Mathematics, Marwari College, Bihar, India
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Al-Homidan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Hariharan B, Chandra A, Dugad SR, Gupta SK, Jagadeesan P, Jain A, Mohanty PK, Morris SD, Nayak PK, Rakshe PS, Ramesh K, Rao BS, Reddy LV, Zuberi M, Hayashi Y, Kawakami S, Ahmad S, Kojima H, Oshima A, Shibata S, Muraki Y, Tanaka K. Measurement of the Electrical Properties of a Thundercloud Through Muon Imaging by the GRAPES-3 Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:105101. [PMID: 30932668 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.105101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The GRAPES-3 muon telescope located in Ooty, India records rapid (∼10 min) variations in the muon intensity during major thunderstorms. Out of a total of 184 thunderstorms recorded during the interval of April 2011-December 2014, the one on December 1, 2014 produced a massive potential of 1.3 GV. The electric field measured by four well-separated (up to 6 km) monitors on the ground was used to help estimate some of the properties of this thundercloud, including its altitude and area that were found to be 11.4 km above mean sea level and ≥380 km^{2}, respectively. A charging time of 6 min to reach 1.3 GV implied the delivery of a power of ≥2 GW by this thundercloud that was moving at a speed of ∼60 km h^{-1}. This work possibly provides the first direct evidence for the generation of gigavolt potentials in thunderclouds that could also possibly explain the production of highest-energy (100 MeV) gamma rays in the terrestrial gamma-ray flashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hariharan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - A Chandra
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - S R Dugad
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - P Jagadeesan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - A Jain
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - P K Mohanty
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - S D Morris
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - P K Nayak
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - P S Rakshe
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - K Ramesh
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - B S Rao
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - L V Reddy
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - M Zuberi
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
| | - Y Hayashi
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - S Kawakami
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - S Ahmad
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - H Kojima
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - A Oshima
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - S Shibata
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Y Muraki
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 446-8601, Japan
| | - K Tanaka
- Cosmic Ray Laboratory, Raj Bhavan, Ooty 643001, India
- Graduate School of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City University, Hiroshima 731-3194, Japan
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Saxena T, Malhotra M, Yadav RK, Gupta SK. Prevalence and association of co-morbidities in diabetic patients along with prescription patterns in Delhi-NCT, India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1209-1212. [PMID: 31336466 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is rising at an alarming rate in India and the national capital forms a significant part of the nation's diabetic population. The metabolic disorder is no more a disease specific to the rich countries but has also markedly spread its roots in middle-income countries. OBJECTIVE To ascertain the prevalence of associated co-morbidities in the diabetic population of Delhi, a metropolitan city in India. Moreover, this study was conducted to help with adding information to the limited shreds of evidence of diabetes prevalence in Delhi along with the usually preferred therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional, observational, survey-based study was conducted on people (n = 798) of different age groups (18 years and above) belonging to different regions of Delhi. All subjects were enrolled after obtaining oral consent. Detailed information about clinical, demographic and metabolic profiles was obtained with the help of a pre-structured, open-ended questionnaire. The data were analyzed, and the correlation between diabetes and several other fields was drawn. RESULTS Out of the 798 diabetic patients 458 (57.39%) were males and 340 (42.60%) were females. The presence of diabetes was higher in the age group of 50-60 years irrespective of the gender. CO-MORBIDITIES 54.13% of patients suffered with additional co-morbidities which is significantly high. The associated co-morbidities found in the survey included Hypertension, Hypothyroidism, Dyslipidemia, Obesity, Coronary Artery Diseases etc. About 30.57% of patients suffered from hypertension making it the most commonly associated co-morbidity. The other diseases included hypothyroidism (11.52%), Dyslipidemia (10.27%), Obesity (9.27%) etc. MEDICATION: Majority of patients i.e about 60.65% received oral hypoglycemic agents (including patients receiving both insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents). About 19.92% of patients were prescribed with insulin. 14.16% of patients were found to be following diet control and yoga with about 3.13% more females the males. A small percentage of patients (5.25%) were also following alternative systems (Ayurvedic/Unani/Homeopathic) of treatment. Overall, amongst oral hypoglycemic agents, the combination of metformin and DPP4 inhibitors (Vildagliptin, Sitagliptin) was being prescribed majorly i.e 16.41%. CONCLUSION The number of diabetic population is high in Delhi. It was evident that a significant percentage of diabetic patients suffered from additional diseases that may lead to worsening of the health conditions. Thus, there is an urgent need to educate and spread awareness amongst the masses about the potential benefits of lifestyle modifications like the incorporation of a healthy diet and physical activities. Additionally, continuous and regular tests should be taken to avoid further complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Saxena
- Department of Clinical Research, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mrigna Malhotra
- Department of Clinical Research, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Yadav
- Department of Clinical Research, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Clinical Research, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.
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Shukla RA, Achanta VG, De Barbaro P, Dugad SR, Heering A, Gupta SK, Mirza I, Prabhu SS, Rumerio P. Microscopic characterisation of photodetectors used in the hadron calorimeter of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:023303. [PMID: 30831735 DOI: 10.1063/1.5046465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Hybrid Photodetector (HPD) is a hybrid unit with a single accelerating gap between a common photocathode and an array of PIN diodes. Customised HPDs with 19 channels were used to detect scintillation light from hadron calorimeter in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. In this paper, we present results on radiation damage studies carried out on the used HPDs in the outer hadron (HO) and the end-cap hadron (HE) calorimeter of the CMS experiment operating at CERN. The calorimeter is made of alternating layers of scintillating tiles and metals, such as brass or iron. The scintillating light was transmitted to the HPDs by means of optical fibres. Due to excessive exposure to scintillation light and ionising radiation during data taking at the Large Hadron Collider, the performance of the HPDs was expected to degrade significantly in the HE detector. Independent studies on radiation damage of these used photosensors were important to assess the degradation in the performance of the calorimeter. Microscopic scans of relative photon detection efficiencies for two HPDs (one each from HO and HE detector) were made using micron resolution optical scanner. The scanner was specially designed and built for microscopic characterisation of photosensors. Imprints of each fibre (∼1 mm in diameter) on the photocathode with varying damage within the same pixel of the HPD were observed. The localised damage of the photocathode was determined to vary with the amount of scintillation (or calibration) light transmitted by optical fibres to the HPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Shukla
- Department of High Energy Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - V G Achanta
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - P De Barbaro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14527-0171, USA
| | - S R Dugad
- Department of High Energy Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - A Heering
- Department Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of High Energy Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - I Mirza
- Department of High Energy Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - S S Prabhu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - P Rumerio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0324, USA
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Sudarshan K, Tiwari V, Utpalla P, Gupta SK. Defect evolution in Eu3+, Nb5+ doped and co-doped CeO2: X-ray diffraction, positron annihilation lifetime and photoluminescence studies. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00668k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Defects and their influence on light emitting properties were explored in CeO2:Eu,Nb using Rietveld refinement, positron annihilation and luminescence spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Sudarshan
- Radiochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| | - V. Tiwari
- K.J. Somaiya College of Science and Commerce
- Mumbai-400077
- India
| | - P. Utpalla
- Radiochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| | - S. K. Gupta
- Radiochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
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Kumar V, Kumar V, Kumari K, Talwar KK, Prasad D, Agarwal S, Yadav MS, Bashir H, Jatain S, Gupta SK. Clinical safety profile of ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel in 1208 patients: Real world evidence. Egypt Heart J 2018; 70:375-378. [PMID: 30591758 PMCID: PMC6303273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dual antiplatelet treatment is recommended by current clinical practice guidelines for patients undergoing PCI. The PLATO trial showed superiority of ticagrelor to clopidogrel in reducing the rate of death from vascular causes, myocardial infarction and stroke without increase in the rate of overall major bleeding in ACS patients. However, real world evidence in Indian patients is limited. The objective of this study is to compare safety profile of ticagrelor with clopidogrel in real world settings. Methodology In this single centered retrospective observational study, a total of 1208 serial patient records undergoing PCI (ACS and stable angina patients as well) treated with Ticagrelor or Clopidogrel were collected and analyzed to look into in hospital outcomes. We excluded the patient’s data that were incomplete. Results In total of 1208 patients, 604 patients received ticagrelor and similarly 604 patient received clopidogrel. No significant differences in the rates of major life threatening bleeding and any major bleeding were observed between ticagrelor and clopidogrel group (0.2% (n = 1) vs. 0.7% (n = 4), p = 0.18 and 2.8% (n = 17) vs. 3% (n = 18), p = 0.86 respectively). There was increase in minor bleeding rate with ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel (21.4% & 13.6%, p = 0.00). Conclusion In the real world settings, patients undergoing PCI treated with ticagrelor showed similar safety profile compared to clopidogrel but with increase in minor bleeding rate. The observed results were in alignment with PLATO clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viveka Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Kajal Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - K K Talwar
- Department of Cardiology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Prasad
- Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Agarwal
- Department of Cardiology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - M S Yadav
- Department of Cardiology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Hamed Bashir
- Department of Cardiology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Suman Jatain
- Department of Cardiology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
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Gupta SK, Dangar D, Ahmad I, Al-Homidan S. Duality in nonlinear programming problems under fuzzy environment with exponential membership functions. J Inequal Appl 2018; 2018:218. [PMID: 30839576 PMCID: PMC6105221 DOI: 10.1186/s13660-018-1812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we have established appropriate duality relations for a general nonlinear optimization problem under fuzzy environment, taking exponential membership functions and using the aspiration level approach. A numerical example has also been shown to justify the results presented in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Gupta
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
| | - D. Dangar
- Department of Mathematics, Marwari College, Kishanganj, India
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Al-Homidan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Raj C, Sharma R, Pushpavathi B, Gupta SK, Radhika K. Inheritance and Allelic Relationship Among Downy Mildew Resistance Genes in Pearl Millet. Plant Dis 2018; 102:1136-1140. [PMID: 30673441 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-17-0959-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet downy mildew (DM), caused by Sclerospora graminicola, is of serious economic concern to pearl millet farmers in the major crop-growing areas of the world. To study the inheritance and allelic relationship among genes governing resistance to this disease, three DM-resistant pearl millet lines (834B, IP 18294-P1, and IP 18298-P1) and one susceptible line (81B) were selected on the basis of disease reaction under greenhouse conditions against two isolates of S. graminicola (Sg 526-1 and Sg 542-1). Three resistant parents were crossed with the susceptible parent to generate F1, F2, and backcross BC1P1 (susceptible parent × F1) and BC1P2 (resistant parent × F1) generations for inheritance study. To carry out a test for allelism, the three resistant parents were crossed with each other to generate F1 and F2 generations. The different generations of these crosses were screened for disease reaction against two isolates (Sg 526-1 and Sg 542-1) by artificial inoculation under greenhouse conditions. The segregation pattern of resistance in the F2 and corresponding backcross generations revealed that resistance to DM is controlled by a single dominant gene in 834B and IP 18294-P1 and by two dominant genes in IP 18298-P1. A test for allelism inferred that a single dominant gene for resistance in 834B is nonallelic to that which governs resistance in IP 18294-1, whereas one of the two dominant genes for DM resistance in IP 18298-P1 against the test isolates is allelic to the gene for DM resistance in 834B and a second gene is allelic to the resistance gene present in IP 18294-P1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandramani Raj
- Professor Jaya Shankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India; and International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad 502324, Telangana, India
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Djanaguiraman M, Perumal R, Ciampitti IA, Gupta SK, Prasad PVV. Quantifying pearl millet response to high temperature stress: thresholds, sensitive stages, genetic variability and relative sensitivity of pollen and pistil. Plant Cell Environ 2018; 41:993-1007. [PMID: 28173611 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The objectives were to (1) quantify high temperature (HT) stress impacts at different growth stages (season long, booting to seed-set and booting to maturity) on various yield components; (2) identify the most sensitive stage(s) to short episodes of HT stress during reproductive development; (3) understand the genetic variations for HT stress tolerance based on cardinal temperatures for pollen germination; and (4) determine relative sensitivity of pollen and pistil to HT stress and associated tolerance or susceptible mechanisms in pearl millet. High temperature stress (≥36/26°C) imposed at different stages and durations caused decrease in number of seeds, individual seed weight and seed yield. Two periods (10-12 days and 2-0 days before anthesis) were identified as most sensitive to short episodes of stress, causing maximum decreases in pollen germination percentage and seeds numbers. HT stresses of ≥36/26°C results in floret sterility. Pistils were relatively more sensitive than pollen grains, causing decreased number of seeds and seed yield. HT stress increased the reactive oxygen species contents and decreased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes in both pollen and pistils. Under HT stress, pistils had relatively higher reactive oxygen species and lower antioxidant enzymes activity compared with pollen grains, which explains greater susceptibility of pistils.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Djanaguiraman
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Science Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Perumal
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Science Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center, Hays, KS, USA
| | - I A Ciampitti
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Science Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - S K Gupta
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - P V V Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Science Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Dwivedi S, Gupta SK, Rajora R. Indian College of Physicians (ICP) Position Statement on Pharmacovigilance. J Assoc Physicians India 2018; 66:93. [PMID: 30347968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Dwivedi
- Senior Consultant Cardiologist, National Heart Institute, New Delhi 110065
| | - S K Gupta
- HOD Clinical Research DPSR University, New Delhi
| | - Richa Rajora
- M. Pharm Research Scholar-Hospital Pharmacy, DIPSAR, New Delhi 110017
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