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Cruz GS, Correa RMDS, Macedo DB, Emerick LL, Castilho EFD, Rodrigues MDN. Association between somatotropic axis gene polymorphisms and reproductive efficiency of bovine females: a review. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v23e-72386e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Reproductive characteristics directly reflect on productive performance, as they determine the number of calves born annually and the interval between generations, thereby affecting the selection intensity. This allows for the determination of the most important economic variables that directly affect the production system. The present study is a literature review of somatotropic axis gene polymorphisms that are associated with reproductive functions in heifers and cows (Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus). The following characteristics were analyzed from the various studies reviewed: number of services per pregnancy (Nº services/ pregnancy), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), and period of service calving conception interval (CCI). The research was conducted during the period from 2011 to 2021, and associations were found among all indicators of reproductive efficiency evaluated in heifers and cows, with 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): 18 in GHR, 5 in IGF-I, and 4 in STAT5A. This study revealed the relationships between SNPs and the reproductive efficiency indicators and demonstrated that molecular genetic techniques enhance the animal selection process, resulting in more profitable systems that are sustainable in the long term.
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Cruz GS, Correa RMDS, Macedo DB, Emerick LL, Castilho EFD, Rodrigues MDN. Associação entre polimorfismos de genes do eixo somatotrópico e eficiência reprodutiva de fêmeas bovinas: revisão de literatura. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v23e-72386p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Características reprodutivas refletem diretamente no desempenho produtivo visto que são capazes de determinar o número de bezerros nascidos anualmente, além de afetar o intervalo entre gerações e, consequentemente, a intensidade de seleção, fazendo com o que tais atributos sejam apontados como variáveis econômicas das mais importantes que afetam diretamente o sistema de produção. O presente estudo propõe realizar uma revisão de literatura de polimorfismos de genes do eixo somatotrópico associados a funções reprodutivas em novilhas e vacas (Bos taurus taurus e Bos taurus indicus), indicadas pelos índices: número de serviços por gestação (Nº serviços/gestação), idade ao primeiro parto (IPP), intervalo de partos (IP) e período de serviço, como também denominado de intervalo parto-concepção (IPC). As pesquisas encontradas durante o período de 2011 a 2021 demonstraram associações entre todos os indicadores de eficiência reprodutiva analisados de novilhas e vacas com 27 polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNPs), sendo 18 em GHR, 5 em IGF-I e 4 em STAT5A. Dessa forma, este estudo mostrou relação entre os SNPs e os indicadores de eficiência reprodutiva, demonstrando que técnicas de genética molecular potencializam o processo de seleção dos animais, resultando em sistemas mais lucrativos e que se sustentam a longo prazo.
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Keogh K, Carthy TR, McClure MC, Waters SM, Kenny DA. Genome-wide association study of economically important traits in Charolais and Limousin beef cows. Animal 2020; 15:100011. [PMID: 33515994 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic selection has proven effective for advancing genetic gain for key profit traits in dairy cattle production systems. However, its impact to-date on genetic improvement programs for beef cattle has been less effective. Despite this, the technology is thought to be particularly useful for low heritability traits such as those associated with reproductive efficiency. The objective of this study was to identify genetic variants associated with key determinants of reproductive and overall productive efficiency in beef cows. The analysis employed a large dataset derived from the national genetic evaluation program in Ireland for two of the most predominant beef breeds, viz. Charolais (n = 5 244 cows) and Limousin (n = 7 304 cows). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified as being statistically significantly associated (adj. P < 0.05) with both reproductive and productive traits for both breed types. However, there was little across breed commonality, with only two SNPs (rs110240246 and rs110344317; adj. P < 0.05) located within the genomic regions of the LCORL and MSTN genes respectively, identified in both Charolais and Limousin populations, associated with traits including carcass weight, cull-cow weight and live-weight. Significant SNPs within the MSTN gene were also associated with both reproduction and production related traits within each breed. Finally, traits including calving difficulty, calf mortality and calving interval were associated with SNPs within genomic regions comprising genes involved in cellular growth and lipid metabolism. Genetic variants identified as associated with both important reproductive efficiency and production related traits from this study warrant further analyses for their potential incorporation into breeding programmes to support the sustainability of beef cattle production.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Keogh
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland
| | - T R Carthy
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland
| | - M C McClure
- Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, Highfield House, Shinagh, Bandon, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - S M Waters
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland
| | - D A Kenny
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland.
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Silva Silveira PA, Butler W, da Silva TC, Barros CC, Corrêa MN, Schneider A. Association of polymorphisms in the IGF-I, GHR and STAT5A genes with serum IGF-I concentration and reproductive performance of Holstein dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 211:106206. [PMID: 31785637 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Silveira PAS, Butler WR, LaCount SE, Overton TR, Barros CC, Schneider A. Polymorphisms in the anti-oxidant paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene associated with fertility of postpartum dairy cows. Theriogenology 2018; 125:302-309. [PMID: 30504072 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a negative acute phase plasma protein synthesized by the liver that has anti-oxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PON1 promoter region with plasma PON1 activity and fertility in Holstein dairy cows. Sixty-eighty Holstein cows were used in this initial investigative study. Blood samples were collected weekly beginning 28 days prior to expected calving, twice weekly in week 1 and 2 postpartum, and then once weekly through 6 weeks postpartum for plasma PON1 activity analysis. Cows were synchronized for ovulation and timed AI at 63-70 DIM using an Ovsynch program. Pregnancy diagnosis was confirmed by rectal palpation and reproductive performance data was recorded until 210 DIM. DNA was extracted from blood of each cow and a fragment of proximal PON1 gene promoter was sequenced. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the promoter region of the PON1 gene at positions -22, -105, -176, -221, -392, -611 and -676, six of which were significantly associated with plasma PON1 activity level. The SNPs -221 and -392 were significantly associated with both plasma PON1 activity and the calving to conception interval (P < 0.05) with no significant effect on calving to first ovulation interval. In conclusion, the genotypes associated with higher plasma PON1 activity in SNP locations -221 and -392 were also associated with a reduced calving to conception interval in this study set of cows. These SNPs may provide novel genetic markers for improved fertility in future larger studies in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - W R Butler
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - S E LaCount
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - T R Overton
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Carlos Castilho Barros
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Gobikrushanth M, Purfield D, Colazo M, Wang Z, Butler S, Ambrose D. The relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration and reproductive performance, and genome-wide associations for serum IGF-1 in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:9154-9167. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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Polymorphisms within the prolactin and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 functional pathways associated with fertility traits in Holstein cows raised in a hot-humid climate. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:1913-1920. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1645-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Acosta DAV, Schneider A, Jacometo CB, Rincon JA, Cardoso F, Corrêa MN. Effect of bovine somatotropin injection in late pregnant Holstein heifers on metabolic parameters and steroidogenic potential of the first postpartum dominant follicle. Theriogenology 2017; 104:164-172. [PMID: 28863349 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pre-partum injections of bovine somatotropin (bST) in dairy heifers on metabolic markers and the steroidogenic potential of the first postpartum dominant follicle. Heifers were assigned to two groups: bST (ST; n = 29), that received two doses of bST (500 mg/dose) at -28 and -14 days relative to calving; and control (CTL; n = 30), that did not received bST. Follicular development was monitored via ultrasound every 3 days starting at 8 days in milk (DIM) in a subset of 20 heifers until the day the first large follicle reached a diameter of 16 mm. From these cows follicular fluid was aspirated and the follicular cells recovered (ST; n = 8 and CTL; n = 10). Blood samples were collected weekly for all heifers. Follicular fluid IGF-I concentrations of the first postpartum dominant follicle was higher (P = 0.05) in ST (87.1 ± 7.7 mg/mL) than CTL cows (64.3 ± 6.8 mg/mL). Also, E2 concentration in the follicular fluid was higher (P = 0.02) for ST (199.7 ± 55.9 ng/mL) than CTL cows (74.5 ± 37.7 ng/mL). The expression of LHCGR and STAR mRNA in follicular cells was higher (P < 0.05) in ST than CTL cows. Nonetheless, HSD3B, P450scc, P450c17, IGFr and CYP19A1 mRNA expression was not different between groups (P > 0.05). Serum IGF-I concentration was higher in ST treated heifers during the pre-partum period (P = 0.01) and no difference was observed in the postpartum period (P = 0.19). In conclusion, pre-partum bST treatment in dairy heifers increased intrafollicular IGF-I and expression of LHCGR and STAR mRNA in follicular cells of the first postpartum dominant follicle. These changes were associated to increased intrafollicular and serum E2 concentration, which can potentially increase the chance of ovulation of the first follicular wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Andres Velasco Acosta
- The Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research (CORPOICA), Bogotá, 250047, Colombia; Research Center, Education and Extension in Livestock (NUPEEC), College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Research Center, Education and Extension in Livestock (NUPEEC), College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Bespalhok Jacometo
- Facultad Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá, 110231, Colombia; Research Center, Education and Extension in Livestock (NUPEEC), College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Joao Alvarado Rincon
- Department of Clinics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Research Center, Education and Extension in Livestock (NUPEEC), College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cardoso
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Marcio Nunes Corrêa
- The Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research (CORPOICA), Bogotá, 250047, Colombia; Research Center, Education and Extension in Livestock (NUPEEC), College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Yang Q, Yan H, Li J, Xu H, Wang K, Zhu H, Chen H, Qu L, Lan X. A novel 14-bp duplicated deletion within goat GHR gene is significantly associated with growth traits and litter size. Anim Genet 2017; 48:499-500. [PMID: 28295460 DOI: 10.1111/age.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hailong Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China.,Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China
| | - Jie Li
- Innovation Experimental College, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Han Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Haijing Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China.,Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Lei Qu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China.,Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Ortega MS, Denicol AC, Cole JB, Null DJ, Taylor JF, Schnabel RD, Hansen PJ. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes previously related to genetic variation in fertility with phenotypic measurements of reproductive function in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:3725-3734. [PMID: 28259397 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Many genetic markers related to health or production traits are not evaluated in populations independent of the discovery population or related to phenotype. Here we evaluated 68 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in candidate genes previously associated with genetic merit for fertility and production traits for association with phenotypic measurements of fertility in a population of Holstein cows that was selected based on predicted transmitting ability (PTA) for daughter pregnancy rate (DPR; high, ≥1, n = 989; low, ≤ -1.0, n = 1,285). Cows with a high PTA for DPR had higher pregnancy rate at first service, fewer services per conception, and fewer days open than cows with a low PTA for DPR. Of the 68 SNP, 11 were associated with pregnancy rate at first service, 16 with services per conception, and 19 with days open. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in 12 genes (BDH2, BSP3, CAST, CD2, CD14, FUT1, FYB, GCNT3, HSD17B7, IBSP, OCLN, and PCCB) had significant associations with 2 fertility traits, and SNP in 4 genes (CSPP1, FCER1G, PMM2, and TBC1D24) had significant associations with each of the 3 traits. Results from this experiment were compared with results from 2 earlier studies in which the SNP were associated with genetic estimates of fertility. One study involved the same animals as used here, and the other study was of an independent population of bulls. A total of 13 SNP associated with 1 or more phenotypic estimates of fertility were directionally associated with genetic estimates of fertility in the same cow population. Moreover, 14 SNP associated with reproductive phenotype were directionally associated with genetic estimates of fertility in the bull population. Nine SNP (located in BCAS, BSP3, CAST, FUT1, HSD17B7, OCLN, PCCB, PMM2, and TBC1D24) had a directional association with fertility in all 3 studies. Examination of the function of the genes with SNP associated with reproduction in more than one study indicates the importance of steroid hormones and immune function as determinants of reproductive function. All but 1 of the 68 evaluated SNP were variable in 11 breeds besides Holstein, indicating the potential effects of these SNP on reproductive function across breeds of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sofia Ortega
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - Anna C Denicol
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - John B Cole
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - Daniel J Null
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - Jeremy F Taylor
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211
| | - Robert D Schnabel
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
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11
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Ortega MS, Wohlgemuth S, Tribulo P, Siqueira LGB, Null DJ, Cole JB, Da Silva MV, Hansen PJ. A single nucleotide polymorphism in COQ9 affects mitochondrial and ovarian function and fertility in Holstein cows†. Biol Reprod 2017; 96:652-663. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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12
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Association between polymorphisms in somatotropic axis genes and fertility of Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenology 2016; 88:67-72. [PMID: 27865414 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of growth hormone receptor (GHR) AluI, insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-I) SnaBI, and signal transducer and activator 5A (STAT5A) BstEII polymorphisms in the reproductive performance of Holstein dairy cows and the frequency of this genotypes in cows managed in different systems. This work studied 381 and 506 Holstein cows from semiextensive and intensive systems, respectively. The frequency of genotypes GHRAluI (+/-), IGF-ISnaBI (-/-) and (+/-), and STAT5ABstEII (-/-) was higher in animals from semiextensive system, whereas the frequency of the genotypes GHRAluI (+/+) and IGF-ISnaBI (+/+) was higher in animals from intensive system (P < 0.05). In the intensive system, cows from the STAT5ABstEII (-/-) genotype had a longer calving-first heat interval (P = 0.03). In conclusion, there was no association between the genotypes of GHRAluI and IGF-ISnaBI and fertility of Holstein cows raised in semiextensive or intensive regimes, although the genotype frequencies of the evaluated polymorphisms were different between the studied systems. The STAT5ABstEII polymorphism was associated with calving-first heat interval in Holstein cows raised in the intensive system, indicating that this gene could be a molecular marker for genetic selection to improve reproductive performance.
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