1
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Soslau G. Platelet protein synthesis, regulation, and post-translational modifications: mechanics and function. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 58:99-117. [PMID: 37347996 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2224532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Dogma had been firmly entrenched in the minds of the scientific community that the anucleate mammalian platelet was incapable of protein biosynthesis since their identification in the late 1880s. These beliefs were not challenged until the 1960s when several reports demonstrated that platelets possessed the capacity to biosynthesize proteins. Even then, many still dismissed the synthesis as trivial and unimportant for at least another two decades. Research in the field expanded after the 1980s and numerous reports have since been published that now clearly demonstrate the potential significance of platelet protein synthesis under normal, pathological, and activating conditions. It is now clear that the platelet proteome is not a static entity but can be altered slowly or rapidly in response to external signals to support physiological requirements to maintain hemostasis and other biological processes. All the necessary biological components to support protein synthesis have been identified in platelets along with post-transcriptional processing of mRNAs, regulators of translation, and post-translational modifications such as glycosylation. The last comprehensive review of the subject appeared in 2009 and much work has been conducted since that time. The current review of the field will briefly incorporate the information covered in earlier reviews and then bring the reader up to date with more recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Soslau
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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2
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Guo L, Gao J, Gao Y, Zhu Z, Zhang Y. Aspirin Reshapes Acetylomes in Inflammatory and Cancer Cells via CoA-Dependent and CoA-Independent Pathways. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:962-972. [PMID: 31922419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is the most widely used medication to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation. Recent studies have revealed new benefits of aspirin, including reduction of heart attack and stroke, anticancer, and life extension. Despite the profound effects of aspirin, the mechanism of its action remains to be elucidated. Here, we used deuterium-labeled aspirin (D-aspirin) together with mass spectrometry-based acetylomic analysis, termed DAcMS, to investigate the landscape of protein acetylation induced by aspirin. The DAcMS revealed the acetylomes of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory BV2 cells and colon cancer HCT116 cells. The acetylation level was substantially induced upon aspirin treatment in both cell lines. In total, we identified 17,003 acetylation sites on 4623 proteins in BV2 cells and 16,366 acetylated sites corresponding to 4702 acetylated proteins in HCT116 cells. Importantly, functional analyses of these aspirin-induced acetylated proteins suggested that they were highly enriched in many key biological categories, which function importantly in inflammatory response. We further demonstrated that aspirin acetylates proteins through both acetyl-CoA-dependent and acetyl-CoA-independent pathways, and the accessible lysine residues at the protein surface are major acetylation targets of aspirin. Hence, our study provides the comprehensive atlas of aspirin-induced acetylome under disease conditions. This knowledge proffers new insight into the aspirin-directed acetylome and perhaps new drug target sites relevant to human cancer and inflammatory diseases. The MS data of this study have been deposited under the accession number IPX0001923000 at iProX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 26 Qiuyue Road , Pudong, Shanghai 201210 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jing Gao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 26 Qiuyue Road , Pudong, Shanghai 201210 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yang Gao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 26 Qiuyue Road , Pudong, Shanghai 201210 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Zhengjiang Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 26 Qiuyue Road , Pudong, Shanghai 201210 , China
| | - Yaoyang Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 26 Qiuyue Road , Pudong, Shanghai 201210 , China
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3
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Kanikarla-Marie P, Kopetz S, Hawk ET, Millward SW, Sood AK, Gresele P, Overman M, Honn K, Menter DG. Bioactive lipid metabolism in platelet "first responder" and cancer biology. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:439-454. [PMID: 30112590 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9755-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Platelets can serve as "first responders" in cancer and metastasis. This is partly due to bioactive lipid metabolism that drives both platelet and cancer biology. The two primary eicosanoid metabolites that maintain platelet rapid response homeostasis are prostacyclin made by endothelial cells that inhibits platelet function, which is counterbalanced by thromboxane produced by platelets during activation, aggregation, and platelet recruitment. Both of these arachidonic acid metabolites are inherently unstable due to their chemical structure. Tumor cells by contrast predominantly make more chemically stable prostaglandin E2, which is the primary bioactive lipid associated with inflammation and oncogenesis. Pharmacological, clinical, and epidemiologic studies demonstrate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which target cyclooxygenases, can help prevent cancer. Much of the molecular and biological impact of these drugs is generally accepted in the field. Cyclooxygenases catalyze the rate-limiting production of substrate used by all synthase molecules, including those that produce prostaglandins along with prostacyclin and thromboxane. Additional eicosanoid metabolites include lipoxygenases, leukotrienes, and resolvins that can also influence platelets, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Our knowledge base and technology are now progressing toward identifying newer molecular and cellular interactions that are leading to revealing additional targets. This review endeavors to summarize new developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Kanikarla-Marie
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Ernest T Hawk
- Office of the Vice President Cancer Prevention and Population Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Steven W Millward
- Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Gynocologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Paolo Gresele
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Via E. Dal Pozzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michael Overman
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Kenneth Honn
- Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave. 430 Chemistry, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 431 Chemistry Bldg, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Cancer Biology Division, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 431 Chemistry Bldg, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard--Unit 0426, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David G Menter
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
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Yi HJ, Hwang G, Lee BH. Variability of Platelet Reactivity on Antiplatelet Therapy in Neurointervention Procedure. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2018; 62:3-9. [PMID: 30630291 PMCID: PMC6328804 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2018.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As more intracranial aneurysms and other cerebrovascular pathologies are treated with neurointervention procedure, thromboembolic events that frequently lead to serious neurological deficit or fatal outcomes are increasing. In order to prevent the thromboembolic events, antiplatelet therapy is used in most procedures including coil embolization, stenting, and flow diversion. However, because of variable individual pharmacodynamics responses to antiplatelet drugs, especially clopidogrel, it is difficult for clinicians to select the adequate antiplatelet regimen and its optimal dose. This article reviews the neurointervention literature related to antiplatelet therapy and suggests a strategy for tailoring antiplatelet therapy in individual patients undergoing neurointervention based on the results of platelet function testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jun Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyojun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Hun Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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5
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Schrör K. Why we should not skip aspirin in cardiovascular prevention. Hamostaseologie 2018; 36:33-43. [DOI: 10.5482/hamo-14-10-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SummarySince more than 20 years, aspirin is an approved and established first-line antiplatelet medication in cardiovascular prevention. This is partially due to ist unique mode of action which is not shared with any other antiplatelet agent as well by the reliability of its pharmacological efficacy: inhibition of platelet COX-1 and subsequent thromboxane formation in almost every patient. Aspirin acts synergistic with ADP-antagonists in dual antiplatelet therapy of acute coronary syndroms (ACS) and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and is also approved for long-term secondary prevention. Patients with atrial fibrillation are an exception and benefit more from anticoagulants. After the introduction of the new oral anticoagulants (NOACs), i.e. direct inhibitors of factor Xa or thrombin formation, there is a renewed discussion about the role of antiplatelet agents, specifically if additional dual antiplatelet treatment is still necessary for an optimum clinical effect or whether one component, such as aspirin might be skipped in favor of other classes of oral antiplatelet agents, such as ADP-antagonists. The available data are insufficient to recommend this because of a low number of studies and a still uncertain benefit/ risk (bleeding) ratio. More research on aspirin as a chemopreventive appears also to be necessary and is going on, in particular in individuals at high-risk for vascular thrombotic diseases (diabetics, preeclampsia, venous thrombembolism).
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Collet JP, Mair J, Plebani M, Merkely B, Jaffe AS, Möckel M, Giannitsis E, Thygesen K, ten Berg JM, Mueller C, Storey RF, Lindahl B, Huber K, Aradi D. Platelet function testing in acute cardiac care – is there a role for prediction or prevention of stent thrombosis and bleeding? Thromb Haemost 2017; 113:221-30. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-05-0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
SummaryThe role of platelet function testing in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention remains controversial despite the fact that high platelet reactivity is an independent predictor of stent thrombosis and emerging evidence suggests also a link between low platelet reactivity and bleeding. In this expert opinion paper, the Study Group on Biomarkers in Cardiology of the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association and the Working Group on Thrombosis of the European Society of Cardiology aim to provide an overview of current evidence in this area and recommendations for practicing clinicians.
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7
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Schrör K, Huber K. High on-treatment platelet reactivity - why should we be concerned? Thromb Haemost 2017; 109:789-91. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-04-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Platelet Carbonic Anhydrase II, a Forgotten Enzyme, May Be Responsible for Aspirin Resistance. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3132063. [PMID: 29090039 PMCID: PMC5635279 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3132063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Thromboembolic events constitute a major health problem, despite the steadily expanding arsenal of antiplatelet drugs. Hence, there is still a need to optimize the antiplatelet therapy. Objectives The aim of our study was to verify a hypothesis that there are no differences in platelet proteome between two groups of healthy people representing different acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) responses as assessed by the liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) technique. Patients/Methods A total of 61 healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Physical examination and blood collection were followed by platelet-rich plasma aggregation assays and platelet separation for proteomic LC/MS analysis. Arachidonic acid- (AA-) induced aggregation (in the presence of aspirin) allowed to divide study participants into two groups aspirin-resistant (AR) and aspirin-sensitive (AS) ones. Subsequently, platelet proteome was compared in groups using the LC/MS analysis. Results The LC/MS analysis of platelet proteome between groups revealed that out of all identified proteins, the only discriminatory protein, affecting aspirin responsiveness, is platelet carbonic anhydrase II (CA II). Conclusions CA II is a platelet function modulator and should be taken into consideration as a cardiovascular event risk factor or therapeutic target.
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9
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Landry S, Tanguay JF, Lordkipanidzé M. Personalizing antiplatelet therapies: What have we learned from recent trials? Platelets 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1320372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Landry
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-François Tanguay
- Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie Lordkipanidzé
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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10
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Taylor LI, Dickerson JC, Dambrino RJ, Kalani MYS, Taussky P, Washington CW, Park MS. Platelet testing in flow diversion: a review of the evidence. Neurosurg Focus 2017; 42:E5. [DOI: 10.3171/2017.3.focus1746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEAlthough the use of dual antiplatelet therapy with flow diversion is recommended and commonplace, the testing of platelet inhibition is more controversial.METHODSThe authors reviewed the medical literature to establish and describe the physiology of platelet adhesion, the pharmacology of antiplatelet medications, and the mechanisms of the available platelet function tests. Additionally, they present a review of the pertinent neurointerventional and interventional cardiology literature.RESULTSCompeting reports in the neurointerventional literature argue for and against the use of routine platelet function testing, with adjustments to the dosage or medications based on the results. The interventional cardiology literature has also wrestled with this dilemma after percutaneous coronary interventions, with conflicting reports of the benefits of platelet function testing.CONCLUSIONSDespite its prevalence, the benefits of platelet function testing prior to flow diversion are unproven. This practice will likely remain controversial until the level of evidence improves through more rigorous testing and reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Ian Taylor
- 1University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | | | | | - M. Yashar S. Kalani
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Philipp Taussky
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Chad W. Washington
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Min S. Park
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
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11
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Wang Y, Cai H, Zhou G, Zhang Z, Liu X. Response to the letter by Dr. Demetrios Moris “Reply to Effect of CYP2C19*2 and *3 on clinical outcome in ischemic stroke patients treated with clopidogrel”. J Neurol Sci 2017; 372:465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Olechowski B, Ashby A, Mariathas M, Khanna V, Mahmoudi M, Curzen N. Is arachidonic acid stimulation really a test for the response to aspirin? Time to think again? Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2016; 15:35-46. [DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2017.1266255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Olechowski
- Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Alexander Ashby
- Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark Mariathas
- Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Vikram Khanna
- Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Michael Mahmoudi
- Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Nick Curzen
- Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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Homoródi N, Kovács EG, Leé S, Katona É, Shemirani AH, Haramura G, Balogh L, Bereczky Z, Szőke G, Péterfy H, Kiss RG, Édes I, Muszbek L. The lack of aspirin resistance in patients with coronary artery disease. J Transl Med 2016; 14:74. [PMID: 26980433 PMCID: PMC4793490 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0827-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aspirin resistance established by different laboratory methods is still a debated problem. Using COX1 specific methods no aspirin resistance was detected among healthy volunteers. Here we tested the effect of chronic aspirin treatment on platelets from patients with stable coronary artery disease. The expression of COX2 mRNA in platelets and its influences on the effect of aspirin was also investigated. Methods One hundred and forty four patients were enrolled in the study. The direct measurement of COX1 acetylation was carried out by monoclonal antibodies specific to acetylated and non-acetylated COX1 (acCOX1 and nacCOX1) using Western blotting technique. Arachidonic acid (AA) induced TXB2 production by platelets was measured by competitive immunoassay. AA induced platelet aggregation, ATP secretion and VerifyNow Aspirin Assay were also performed. COX2 and COX1 mRNA expression in platelets were measured in 56 patients by RT-qPCR. Results In 138 patients only acCOX1 was detected, in the remaining six patients nacCOX1 disappeared after a compliance period. AA induced TXB2 production by platelets was very low in all patients including the 6 patients after compliance. AA induced platelet aggregation, secretion and with a few exceptions the VerifyNow Assay also demonstrated the effect of aspirin. Smoking, diabetes mellitus and inflammatory conditions did not influence the results. The very low amount of COX2 mRNA detected in 39 % of the investigated platelets did not influence the effect of aspirin. Conclusions No aspirin resistance was detected among patients with stable coronary artery disease. COX2 expression in platelets did not influence the effect of aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Homoródi
- Institute of Cardiology and Heart Surgery, University of Debrecen, 22 Móricz Zsigmond Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Emese G Kovács
- Institute of Cardiology and Heart Surgery, University of Debrecen, 22 Móricz Zsigmond Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.,Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sarolta Leé
- Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital, 44 Róbert Károly Krt., 1134, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Katona
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Amir H Shemirani
- Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Science, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gizella Haramura
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Balogh
- Institute of Cardiology and Heart Surgery, University of Debrecen, 22 Móricz Zsigmond Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bereczky
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Szőke
- Diagnosticum Co., Research Laboratory, 126 Attila u., 1046, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hajna Péterfy
- Diagnosticum Co., Research Laboratory, 126 Attila u., 1046, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert G Kiss
- Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital, 44 Róbert Károly Krt., 1134, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Édes
- Institute of Cardiology and Heart Surgery, University of Debrecen, 22 Móricz Zsigmond Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Muszbek
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary. .,Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Science, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Cai G, Zhou W, Lu Y, Chen P, Lu Z, Fu Y. Aspirin resistance and other aspirin-related concerns. Neurol Sci 2015; 37:181-9. [PMID: 26573589 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-015-2412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin is a widely used medication and has become a cornerstone for treating cardiovascular disease. Aspirin can significantly reduce the incidence of cardiovascular ischemic events, recurrence and mortality, thereby improving the long-term prognosis of patients. However, there has been a staggering increase in the volume of literature addressing the issue of so-called "aspirin resistance" in recent years, and for some patients, it is difficult to avoid adverse reactions to aspirin. In this review, we present both the historical aspects of aspirin use and contemporary developments in its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyu Cai
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ya Lu
- Shanghai Wusong Street Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, 200940, China
| | - Peili Chen
- Department of Emergency, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhongjiao Lu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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15
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Tatarunas V, Jankauskiene L, Kupstyte N, Skipskis V, Gustiene O, Grybauskas P, Lesauskaite V. The role of clinical parameters and of CYP2C19 G681 and CYP4F2 G1347A polymorphisms on platelet reactivity during dual antiplatelet therapy. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2015; 25:369-74. [PMID: 24418943 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is used to lower the risk of arterial thrombosis. However, this strategy is not always successful owing to high interindividual variability in response to antiplatelet therapy. To evaluate an impact of CYP2C19 G681A and CYP4F2 G1347A polymorphisms and clinical factors on dual antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel and aspirin. Totally 89 patients who continued dual aspirin and clopidogrel antiplatelet therapy for at least of 14 days were included into the further study. Test for platelet aggregation was performed according to the classical Born method. Genotyping of CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 and CYP4F2*3 was done by using commercial probes from Applied Biosystems (UK). Patient age, weight and body weight index did not correlate significantly with platelet aggregation level both induced by ADP and epinephrine (P > 0.05). Serum concentration of creatinine, diabetes, angiotensin II receptor blockers, B-blockers, statin or omeprazole use had no significant effect on platelet aggregation. The users of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors had lower platelet aggregation levels with epinephrine vs. nonusers: 28.80 ± 13.25 vs. 51.15 ± 23.50, P < 0.03, respectively. Platelet aggregation with ADP was higher in CYP2C19*1*2 genotype carriers than in CYP2C19*1*1 carriers (P = 0.01). Platelet aggregation with epinephrine was higher in CYP4F2 GA genotype carriers than in GG (P = 0.04) or AA (P = 0.01) carriers. Our study confirms that CYP2C19 G681A genotype has an impact on antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel. The novelty is that the platelet aggregation after induction with epinephrine is influenced by CYP4F2 G1347A genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vacis Tatarunas
- aInstitute of Cardiology bDepartment of Internal Diseases cDepartment of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Abstract
Various clinical and epidemiologic studies show that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin and cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COXIBs) help prevent cancer. Since eicosanoid metabolism is the main inhibitory targets of these drugs the resulting molecular and biological impact is generally accepted. As our knowledge base and technology progress we are learning that additional targets may be involved. This review attempts to summarize these new developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Umar
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Vernon E Steele
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David G Menter
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ernest T Hawk
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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18
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Brun C, Daali Y, Combescure C, Zufferey A, Michelson AD, Fontana P, Reny JL, Frelinger AL. Aspirin response: Differences in serum thromboxane B2 levels between clinical studies. Platelets 2015; 27:196-202. [PMID: 26270593 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1072147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Serum thromboxane B2 (TxB2) is a specific marker of platelet inhibition by aspirin. Yet, TxB2 levels differ by up to 10-fold between some aspirin-treated patient cohorts. This study aimed to identify factors responsible for differences in serum TxB2 between cohorts in the ADRIE study (n = 657) and the BOSTON study (n = 678) of aspirin-treated cardiovascular patients originally tested with different ELISA assays. TxB2 levels were assessed in representative subgroups of the two cohorts (34 samples in BOSTON and 39 in ADRIE) by both ELISAs, as well as liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectroscopy (MS). A multivariate analysis was performed on the whole cohort database to identify determinants of the difference of TxB2 levels between cohorts. There was no systematic bias between the original ELISA TxB2 values and the MS values and the median difference was small, 0.12 ng/ml, thus not explaining the difference between median TxB2 levels in the two study populations (7 and 0.6 ng/ml in the ADRIE and BOSTON studies, respectively). In the combined dataset of the ADRIE and BOSTON cohorts (n = 1342), body mass index, age, gender, aspirin dose, time from aspirin intake to blood draw, NSAID intake, platelet count and C-reactive protein were significantly associated with TxB2 levels. After adjustment for patient characteristics, the difference between cohorts did not decrease. Unexplained differences in serum TxB2 levels in different populations of aspirin-treated cardiovascular patients suggest that further studies are needed to confirm the role of serum TxB2 level as a prognostic factor or rather as a marker of therapeutic observance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Brun
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland .,b Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva School of Medicine , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Youssef Daali
- b Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva School of Medicine , Geneva , Switzerland .,c Division of Clinical Pharmacology , Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Christophe Combescure
- d Division of Clinical Epidemiology , Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Anne Zufferey
- b Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva School of Medicine , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Alan D Michelson
- e Center for Platelet Research Studies, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Pierre Fontana
- b Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva School of Medicine , Geneva , Switzerland .,f Division of Angiology and Haemostasis , Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland , and
| | - Jean-Luc Reny
- b Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva School of Medicine , Geneva , Switzerland .,g Division of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Trois-Chêne, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics , Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Andrew L Frelinger
- e Center for Platelet Research Studies, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
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Bagoly Z, Homoródi N, Kovács EG, Sarkady F, Csiba L, Édes I, Muszbek L. How to test the effect of aspirin and clopidogrel in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy? Platelets 2015; 27:59-65. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1031098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Patrignani P, Tacconelli S, Piazuelo E, Di Francesco L, Dovizio M, Sostres C, Marcantoni E, Guillem-Llobat P, Del Boccio P, Zucchelli M, Patrono C, Lanas A. Reappraisal of the clinical pharmacology of low-dose aspirin by comparing novel direct and traditional indirect biomarkers of drug action. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:1320-30. [PMID: 24942808 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though the acetylation of platelet cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 at serine-529 is the direct mechanism of action of low-dose aspirin, its antiplatelet effect has been characterized using indirect indexes of COX-1 activity. OBJECTIVES We performed a clinical study with enteric-coated low-dose aspirin (EC-aspirin), in healthy subjects, to evaluate the effects on the extent and duration of platelet COX-1 acetylation, using a novel proteomic strategy for absolute protein quantification (termed AQUA), as compared with traditional pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In a phase I, single-arm, open-label study of EC aspirin (100 mg day(-1) ) administered to 24 healthy subjects, we compared, over a 24 h-period on day 1 and 7, % platelet acetylated COX-1 (AceCOX-1) with traditional pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics [i.e. serum thromboxane (TX) B2 , platelet function by monitoring CEPI(collagen/epinephrine) closure time (CT) using whole-blood PFA-100 and urinary excretion of 11-dehydro-TXB2 ] parameters. RESULTS Acetylation of platelet COX-1 was measurable before detection of aspirin levels in the systemic circulation and increased in a cumulative fashion upon repeated dosing. After the last dose of EC-aspirin, %AceCOX-1, serum TXB2 and CEPI-CT values were maximally and persistently modified throughout 24 h; they averaged 76 ± 2%, 99.0 ± 0.4% and 271 ± 5 s, respectively. EC-aspirin caused 75% reduction in urinary 11-dehydro-TXB2 excretion. After chronic dosing with aspirin, the pharmacokinetics of acetylsalicylic acid was completely dissociated from pharmacodynamics. CONCLUSIONS The demonstrated feasibility of quantifying the extent and duration of platelet COX-1 acetylation will allow characterizing the genetic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic determinants of the inter-individual variability in the antiplatelet response to low-dose aspirin as well as identifying extra-platelet sites of drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Patrignani
- Section of Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI), 'G. d'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy; Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
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Guan J, Cong Y, Ren J, Zhu Y, Li L, Deng X, Bai J. Comparison between a new platelet count drop method PL-11, light transmission aggregometry, VerifyNow aspirin system and thromboelastography for monitoring short-term aspirin effects in healthy individuals. Platelets 2014; 26:25-30. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2013.865835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ofosu FA. Appropriate assessment of the functional consequences of platelet cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition by aspirin in vivo. Thromb Res 2013; 133:697-8. [PMID: 24315499 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick A Ofosu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3N26, Hamilton ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Evaluation of laboratory methods routinely used to detect the effect of aspirin against new reference methods. Thromb Res 2013; 133:811-6. [PMID: 24207016 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin, a commonly used antiplatelet agent, blocks platelet thromboxane A₂ (TXA₂) formation from arachidonic acid (AA) by acetylating platelet cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Laboratory methods currently used to detect this antiplatelet effect of aspirin provide variable results. We have reported three methods that assess platelet COX-1 acetylation (inactivation) by aspirin and its direct consequences. The first and second assays use monoclonal anti-human-COX-1 antibodies that only detect acetylated (inactivated) COX-1 and active (non-acetylated) COX-1, respectively. The third method measures platelet production of TXB₂ (the stable metabolite of TXA₂) in vitro in response to AA. We compared the results of these three reference methods with other routinely used methods for assessing the functional consequences aspirin treatment. METHODS 108 healthy volunteers were treated with low-dose aspirin for 7 days. On day 7 following aspirin treatment COX-1 in the platelets was fully acetylated whereas only non-acetylated COX-1 was present in the day 0 platelets. Further, TXB2 production by day 7 platelets was completely blocked. The following tests were performed on the samples obtained from study participants before and after seven days of aspirin treatment: PFA-100 closure time with collagen/epinephrine cartridge, VerifyNow (VN) Aspirin Assay, platelet aggregation and ATP secretion using AA, ADP, epinephrine and collagen as agonists. RESULTS Comparing the pre-treatment and day 7 values, methods that use AA as platelet agonist (AA-induced platelet aggregation/secretion and VN Aspirin Assay) showed high discriminative power. In contrast, results of the other tests showed considerable overlap between day 7 and day 0 values. CONCLUSIONS Only assays that clearly distinguish between acetylated and non-acetylated platelet COX-1 are useful for establishing the antiplatelet effect of aspirin. The other tests are not suitable for this purpose.
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