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Gupta P, Choudhari V, Kumar R. Exploring the genetic mechanisms: SELP gene's contribution to alleviating vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease. Gene 2024; 928:148805. [PMID: 39079562 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease is a catastrophic inflammatory disorder characterized by microvascular vaso-occlusion, leading to high morbidity and increased mortality. P-selectin, a cell adhesion molecule, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and severity of sickle cell disease. Its expression and binding with its ligand PSGL-1 is involved in various mechanisms that contribute to inflammation and immune response, resulting in complications in sickle cell disease. Preclinical data have verified the efficacy of P-Selectin inhibition in mitigating vaso-occlusive events and severity of disease. Currently clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the safety and efficiency of P-Selectin-targeted therapies and concede the challenges and limitations associated with their use. Despite of its proven role in reducing severity in sickle cell disease, future research should focus on identifying other novel targets within the adhesion cascade and explore combination therapies. Conducting trials and addressing concerns about accessibility are crucial steps towards fully harnessing the potential of P selectin inhibitors as a groundbreaking treatment option. This review focuses on understanding the role of p selectin and its interactions with molecules involved in inflammation providing insights about the molecular etiology, pathophysiology, and potential therapeutic targets in sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Gupta
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, India
| | | | - Ravindra Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, India.
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2
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Zhang T, Gao C, Chen W, Ma H, Tao L. Patent Foramen Ovale in Children: A Review of Recent Progress. Pediatr Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00246-024-03526-5. [PMID: 38822852 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-024-03526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The support has been provided by clinical trials and guidelines for managing patent foramen ovale (PFO) in adults; however, the optimal approach is still unclear for treating PFO in pediatric patients. PFO and its associated clinical syndromes, imaging diagnosis, and management in pediatric patients were analyzed by a comprehensive analysis. Extensive research was performed using electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and EMBASE. This review includes the studies published until February 1st, 2024. A total of 583 articles were obtained, of which 54 were included in the comprehensive review. Numerous evidences have indicated that a right-to-left shunt through a PFO may be involved in cryptogenic stroke in children, although the connection between migraine and aura has not been substantiated by robust evidence. Children with sickle cell disease and a PFO were at higher risks of paradoxical embolization, rare syndromes caused by PFO could also occur in children such as platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome, myocardial infarction, and decompression sickness. Contrast transthoracic echocardiography was deemed the most appropriate examination for children due to its favorable transthoracic windows, eliminating the need for anesthesia. This review suggested that the additional treatment was not needed as no evidence was provided for potential future complications linked to isolated PFO in children. For children facing unique circumstances related to PFO, a customized interdisciplinary consultation is essential prior to considering medical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Sun S, Campello E, Zou J, Konings J, Huskens D, Wan J, Fernández DI, Reutelingsperger CPM, ten Cate H, Toffanin S, Bulato C, de Groot PG, de Laat B, Simioni P, Heemskerk JWM, Roest M. Crucial roles of red blood cells and platelets in whole blood thrombin generation. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6717-6731. [PMID: 37648671 PMCID: PMC10651426 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets contribute to the coagulation capacity in bleeding and thrombotic disorders. The thrombin generation (TG) process is considered to reflect the interactions between plasma coagulation and the various blood cells. Using a new high-throughput method capturing the complete TG curve, we were able to compare TG in whole blood and autologous platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasma to redefine the blood cell contributions to the clotting process. We report a faster and initially higher generation of thrombin and shorter coagulation time in whole blood than in platelet-rich plasma upon low concentrations of coagulant triggers, including tissue factor, Russell viper venom factor X, factor Xa, factor XIa, and thrombin. The TG was accelerated with increased hematocrit and delayed after prior treatment of RBC with phosphatidylserine-blocking annexin A5. RBC treatment with ionomycin increased phosphatidylserine exposure, confirmed by flow cytometry, and increased the TG process. In reconstituted blood samples, the prior selective blockage of phosphatidylserine on RBC with annexin A5 enhanced glycoprotein VI-induced platelet procoagulant activity. For patients with anemia or erythrocytosis, cluster analysis revealed high or low whole-blood TG profiles in specific cases of anemia. The TG profiles lowered upon annexin A5 addition in the presence of RBCs and thus were determined by the extent of phosphatidylserine exposure of blood cells. Profiles for patients with polycythemia vera undergoing treatment were similar to that of control subjects. We concluded that RBC and platelets, in a phosphatidylserine-dependent way, contribute to the TG process. Determination of the whole-blood hypo- or hyper-coagulant activity may help to characterize a bleeding or thrombosis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Sun
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Campello
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Jinmi Zou
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Joke Konings
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dana Huskens
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jun Wan
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Delia I. Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Chris P. M. Reutelingsperger
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo ten Cate
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Bas de Laat
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Johan W. M. Heemskerk
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Roest
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Reeves BN, Beckman JD. Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Thrombosis in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2021; 16:304-313. [PMID: 33876389 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-021-00630-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Thrombosis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in BCR/ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Circulating blood cells are both increased in quantity and qualitatively abnormal in MPN, resulting in an increased thrombotic risk. Herein, we review recently elucidated mechanisms of MPN thrombosis and discuss implications of drugs currently under investigation for MPN. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies highlight that in JAK2V617F granulocytes and platelets, thrombo-inflammatory genes are upregulated. Furthermore, in JAK2V617F granulocytes, protein expression of integrin CD11b, tissue factor, and leukocyte alkaline phosphatase are all increased. Overall, myeloid cells, namely neutrophils, may contribute in several ways, such as through increased adhesion via β1 integrin binding to VCAM1, increased infiltration, and enhanced inducibility to extrude neutrophil extracellular traps. Non-myeloid inflammatory cells may also contribute via secretion of cytokines. With regard to red blood cells, number, rigidity, adhesion, and generation of microvesicles may lead to increased vascular resistance as well as increased cell-cell interactions that promote rolling and adhesion. Platelets may also contribute in a similar fashion. Lastly, the vasculature is also increasingly appreciated, as several studies have demonstrated increased endothelial expression of pro-coagulant and pro-adhesive proteins, such as von Willebrand factor or P-selectin in JAK2V617F endothelial cells. With the advent of molecular diagnostics, MPN therapeutics are advancing beyond cytoreduction. Our increased understanding of pro-inflammatory and thrombotic pathophysiology in MPN provides a rational basis for evaluation of in-development MPN therapeutics to reduce thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi N Reeves
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joan D Beckman
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, MMC 480, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Ansari J, Gavins FNE. Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Sickle Cell Disease: From Basics to Therapeutics. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:706-718. [PMID: 30904156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common hereditary hemoglobinopathies worldwide, affecting almost 400,000 newborns globally each year. It is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and endothelial dysfunction, resulting in a constant state of disruption of the vascular system and leading to recurrent episodes of ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI) to multiple organ systems. I/RI is a fundamental vascular pathobiological paradigm and contributes to morbidity and mortality in a wide range of conditions, including myocardial infarction, stroke, acute kidney injury, and transplantation. I/RI is characterized by an initial restriction of blood supply to an organ, which can lead to ischemia, followed by the subsequent restoration of perfusion and concomitant reoxygenation. Recent advances in the pathophysiology of SCD have led to an understanding that many of the consequences of this disease can be explained by mechanisms associated with I/RI. The following review focuses on the evolving pathobiology of SCD, how various complications of SCD can be attributed to I/RI, and the role of timely therapeutic intervention(s) based on targeting mediators or pathways that influence I/R insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Ansari
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Felicity N E Gavins
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana.
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Faes C, Sparkenbaugh EM, Pawlinski R. Hypercoagulable state in sickle cell disease. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 68:301-318. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-189013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Faes
- Interuniversity Laboratory of Human Movement Biology EA7424, Vascular biology and Red Blood Cell Team, University Claude Bernard Lyon1, Villeurbanne, France; Laboratory of Excellence “GR-Ex, ” Paris, France
| | - Erica M. Sparkenbaugh
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rafal Pawlinski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Dowling MM, Quinn CT, Ramaciotti C, Kanter J, Osunkwo I, Inusa B, Iyer R, Kwiatkowski JL, Johnson C, Rhodes M, Owen W, Strouse JJ, Panepinto JA, Neumayr L, Sarnaik S, Plumb PA, Dlamini N, Kirkham F, Hynan LS. Increased prevalence of potential right-to-left shunting in children with sickle cell anaemia and stroke. Br J Haematol 2016; 176:300-308. [PMID: 27766637 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
'Paradoxical' embolization via intracardiac or intrapulmonary right-to-left shunts (RLS) is an established cause of stroke. Hypercoagulable states and increased right heart pressure, which both occur in sickle cell anaemia (SCA), predispose to paradoxical embolization. We hypothesized that children with SCA and overt stroke (SCA + stroke) have an increased prevalence of potential RLS. We performed contrasted transthoracic echocardiograms on 147 children (aged 2-19 years) with SCA + stroke) mean age 12·7 ± 4·8 years, 54·4% male) and a control group without SCA or stroke (n = 123; mean age 12·1 ± 4·9 years, 53·3% male). RLS was defined as any potential RLS detected by any method, including intrapulmonary shunting. Echocardiograms were masked and adjudicated centrally. The prevalence of potential RLS was significantly higher in the SCA+stroke group than controls (45·6% vs. 23·6%, P < 0·001). The odds ratio for potential RLS in the SCA + stroke group was 2·7 (95% confidence interval: 1·6-4·6) vs controls. In post hoc analyses, the SCA + stroke group had a higher prevalence of intrapulmonary (23·8% vs. 5·7%, P < 0·001) but not intracardiac shunting (21·8% vs. 18·7%, P = 0·533). SCA patients with potential RLS were more likely to report headache at stroke onset than those without. Intrapulmonary and intracardiac shunting may be an overlooked, independent and potentially modifiable risk factor for stroke in SCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Dowling
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology & Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Charles T Quinn
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Claudio Ramaciotti
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Julie Kanter
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ifeyinwa Osunkwo
- The Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Baba Inusa
- Haematology, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Rathi Iyer
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Janet L Kwiatkowski
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Melissa Rhodes
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - William Owen
- Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - John J Strouse
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julie A Panepinto
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin/Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lynne Neumayr
- Department of Hematology Oncology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Sharada Sarnaik
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Patricia A Plumb
- Department of Neurology & Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nomazulu Dlamini
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Evelina Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Fenella Kirkham
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Linda S Hynan
- Departments of Clinical Science (Biostatistics) and Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Whelihan MF, Lim MY, Mooberry MJ, Piegore MG, Ilich A, Wogu A, Cai J, Monroe DM, Ataga KI, Mann KG, Key NS. Thrombin generation and cell-dependent hypercoagulability in sickle cell disease. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1941-1952. [PMID: 27430959 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Sickle cell disease is increasingly being recognized as a chronic hypercoagulable state. Thrombin generation is elevated in the whole blood, but not the plasma of sickle cell patients. Whole blood thrombin generation inversely correlates to erythrocyte phosphatidylserine exposure. Acquired protein S deficiency is likely explained by binding of protein S to sickle red cells. Click to hear Dr Hillery discuss coagulation and vascular pathologies in mouse models of sickle cell disease. SUMMARY Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hypercoagulable state with chronic activation of coagulation and an increased incidence of thromboembolic events. However, although plasma pre-thrombotic markers such as thrombin-anithrombin complexes and D-dimer are elevated, there is no consensus on whether global assays of thrombin generation in plasma are abnormal in patients with SCD. Based on our recent observation that normal red blood cells (RBCs) contribute to thrombin generation in whole blood, we hypothesized that the cellular components in blood (notably phosphatidylserine-expressing erythrocytes) contribute to enhanced thrombin generation in SCD. Methods Whole blood and plasma thrombin generation assays were performed on blood samples from 25 SCD patients in a non-crisis 'steady state' and 25 healthy race-matched controls. Results Whole blood thrombin generation was significantly elevated in SCD, whereas plasma thrombin generation was paradoxically reduced compared with controls. Surprisingly, whole blood and plasma thrombin generation were both negatively correlated with phosphatidylserine exposure on RBCs. Plasma thrombin generation in the presence of exogenous activated protein C or soluble thrombomodulin revealed deficiencies in the protein C/S anticoagulant pathway in SCD. These global changes were associated with significantly lower plasma protein S activity in SCD that correlated inversely with RBC phosphatidylserine exposure. Conclusion Increased RBC phosphatidylserine exposure in SCD is associated with acquired protein S deficiency. In addition, these data suggest a cellular contribution to thrombin generation in SCD (other than RBC phosphatidylserine exposure) that explains the elevated thrombin generation in whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Y Lim
- Department of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - M G Piegore
- Department of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Ilich
- Department of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Wogu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D M Monroe
- Department of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K I Ataga
- Department of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K G Mann
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - N S Key
- Department of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Khan R, Chan AK, Mondal TK, Paes BA. Patent foramen ovale and stroke in childhood: A systematic review of the literature. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2016; 20:500-11. [PMID: 27169856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke in association with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) may be due to paradoxical embolization via a right to left intracardiac shunt but the exact contribution of PFO to stroke or stroke recurrence in childhood remains unclear. METHODS To review the relationship of a PFO with stroke, and evaluate associated co-morbidities. An electronic database literature search of Pubmed, Cochrane and EMBASE was performed from January 2000-December 2014. RESULTS 149 articles were retrieved, with overlap for diagnosis, management, treatment and outcome. 65 reports were utilized for the comprehensive review. Majority of childhood arterial ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks are associated with prothrombotic disorders or arteriopathy. Transthoracic echocardiography with a Valsalva maneuver is highly sensitive as a screening tool but may be falsely positive. Transthoracic echocardiography with color Doppler and a concurrent bubble contrast study are excellent for visualizing the atrial septum and PFO and identifying a right to left shunt. Current literature does not support PFO closure for cryptogenic stroke in young adults without an associated risk of thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS High quality research in the pediatric population is lacking and most of the data is extrapolated from adults. Paradoxical embolism from a PFO as a cause of transient ischemic attack or stroke is a diagnosis of exclusion. PFO closure should be individualized based on significant shunting and risk factors such that maximum benefit is derived from the procedure. A young person with a PFO and stroke should be thoroughly investigated to rule out other etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubeena Khan
- Division of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Anthony K Chan
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Tapas K Mondal
- Division of Cardiology, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Bosco A Paes
- Division of Neonatology, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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10
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Østerud B, Unruh D, Olsen JO, Kirchhofer D, Owens AP, Bogdanov VY. Procoagulant and proinflammatory effects of red blood cells on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:1676-82. [PMID: 26176663 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the effects of red blood cells (RBCs) on the reactivity of monocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. METHODS Measurements of tissue factor (TF) antigen and activity were performed on freshly isolated white blood cells (WBCs)/platelets resuspended in heparinized plasma, as well as cultured monocytic cells. RESULTS In a dose-dependent manner, RBCs significantly enhanced LPS-induced TF activity and antigen levels in blood monocytes; potentiation of TF activity by both human and murine RBCs did not require the presence of neutrophils and/or platelets. We also measured the levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), the key proinflammatory chemokine that binds to duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) on RBC surface, in plasma and RBC lysates after the incubation of RBCs with WBC/platelets; at the concentrations corresponding to normal blood counts, RBCs exerted a significant influence on the free plasma levels of MCP-1, with about two-thirds of detectable MCP-1 post-LPS stimulation being associated with RBCs. Critically, DARC-deficient murine RBCs failed to enhance LPS-induced TF activity, confirming the mechanistic significance of RBC-DARC. CONCLUSIONS Our study reports a novel mechanism by which RBCs promote procoagulant and proinflammatory sequelae of WBC exposure to LPS, likely mediated by RBC-DARC in the microenvironment(s) that bring monocytes and RBCs in close proximity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Østerud
- K.G. Jebsen TREC, IMB, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - D Unruh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J O Olsen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - D Kirchhofer
- Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A P Owens
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - V Y Bogdanov
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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