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Calvo E, Corbacho-Alonso N, Sastre-Oliva T, Nuñez E, Baena-Galan P, Hernandez-Fernandez G, Rodriguez-Cola M, Jimenez-Velasco I, Corrales FJ, Gambarrutta-Malfati C, Gutierrez-Henares F, Lopez-Dolado E, Gil-Agudo A, Vazquez J, Mourino-Alvarez L, Barderas MG. Why Does COVID-19 Affect Patients with Spinal Cord Injury Milder? A Case-Control Study: Results from Two Observational Cohorts. J Pers Med 2020; 10:E182. [PMID: 33096722 PMCID: PMC7712183 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented global challenge in this century. COVID-19 is a viral respiratory infection, yet the clinical characteristics of this infection differ in spinal cord injury patients from those observed in the general population. Cough and asthenia are the most frequent symptoms in this population. Moreover, infected spinal cord injury patients rarely present complications that require admission to an Intensive Care Unit, in contrast to the general population. Thus, there is a clear need to understand how COVID-19 affects spinal cord injury patients from a molecular perspective. Here, we employed an -omics strategy in order to identify variations in protein abundance in spinal cord injury patients with and without COVID-19. After a quantitative differential analysis using isobaric tags and mass spectrometry and a verification phase, we have found differences mainly related to coagulation and platelet activation. Our results suggest a key role of heparin in the response of spinal cord injury patients to COVID-19 infection, showing a significant correlation between these proteins and heparin dose. Although the number of patients is limited, these data may shed light on new therapeutic options to improve the management these patients and, possibly, those of the general population as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Calvo
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.); (E.N.); (P.B.-G.)
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory and CIBER-CV, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Corbacho-Alonso
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
| | - Tamara Sastre-Oliva
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
| | - Estefania Nuñez
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.); (E.N.); (P.B.-G.)
| | - Patricia Baena-Galan
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.); (E.N.); (P.B.-G.)
| | - German Hernandez-Fernandez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
| | - Miguel Rodriguez-Cola
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (I.J.-V.); (C.G.-M.)
| | - Irena Jimenez-Velasco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (I.J.-V.); (C.G.-M.)
| | - Fernando J. Corrales
- Proteomics Facility, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Claudia Gambarrutta-Malfati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (I.J.-V.); (C.G.-M.)
| | - Francisco Gutierrez-Henares
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (F.G.-H.); (E.L.-D.); (A.G.-A.)
| | - Elisa Lopez-Dolado
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (F.G.-H.); (E.L.-D.); (A.G.-A.)
| | - Angel Gil-Agudo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (F.G.-H.); (E.L.-D.); (A.G.-A.)
| | - Jesus Vazquez
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.); (E.N.); (P.B.-G.)
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory and CIBER-CV, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Mourino-Alvarez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
| | - Maria G. Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
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Kerris EWJ, Hoptay C, Calderon T, Freishtat RJ. Platelets and platelet extracellular vesicles in hemostasis and sepsis. J Investig Med 2019; 68:813-820. [PMID: 31843956 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2019-001195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Platelets, cell fragments traditionally thought of as important only for hemostasis, substantially and dynamically contribute to the immune system's response to infection. In addition, there is increasing evidence that externally active platelet entities, including platelet granules and platelet extracellular vesicles (PEVs), play a role not only in hemostasis, but also in inflammatory actions previously ascribed to platelets themselves. Given the functions of platelets and PEVs during inflammation and infection, their role in sepsis is being investigated. Sepsis is a condition marked by the dysregulation of the body's normal activation of the immune system in response to a pathogen. The mechanisms for controlling infection locally become detrimental to the host if they are applied systemically. Similar to cells traditionally ascribed to the immune system, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages, platelets are instrumental in helping a host clear an infection, but are also implicated in the uncontrolled amplification of the immune response that leads to sepsis. Clearly, the function of platelets is more complicated than its simple structure and primary role in hemostasis initially suggest. This review provides an overview of platelet and platelet extracellular vesicle structure and function, highlighting the complex role platelets and PEVs play in the body in the context of infection and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth W J Kerris
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Claire Hoptay
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thais Calderon
- Department of Medical Education, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Robert J Freishtat
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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Yao Y, Chen Y, Adili R, McKeown T, Chen P, Zhu G, Li D, Ling W, Ni H, Yang Y. Plant-based Food Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Modulates Human Platelet Glycoprotein VI Signaling and Inhibits Platelet Activation and Thrombus Formation. J Nutr 2017; 147:1917-1925. [PMID: 28855423 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.245944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Platelets play an important role in hemostasis, thrombosis, and atherosclerosis. Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is a major platelet receptor that interacts with exposed collagen on injured vessel walls. Our previous studies have shown that anthocyanins (a type of natural plant pigment) attenuate platelet function; however, whether anthocyanins affect collagen-induced GPVI signaling remains unknown.Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the effects of cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cy-3-g, one of the major bioactive compounds in anthocyanins) on platelet activation and thrombosis and the GPVI signaling pathway.Methods: Platelets from healthy men and women were isolated and incubated with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 5, and 50 μM) of Cy-3-g. The expression of activated integrin αIIbβ3, P-selectin, CD63, and CD40L, fibrinogen binding to platelets, and platelet aggregation were evaluated in vitro. Platelet adhesion and aggregation in whole blood under flow conditions were assessed in collagen-coated perfusion chambers. Thrombosis and hemostasis were assessed in 3-4-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice through FeCl3-induced intravital microscopy and tail bleeding time. The effect of Cy-3-g on collagen-induced human platelet GPVI signaling was explored with Western blot.Results: Cy-3-g attenuated platelet function in a dose-dependent manner. The 0.5-μM dose of Cy-3-g inhibited (P < 0.05) human platelet adhesion and aggregation to collagen at both venous (-54.02%) and arterial (-22.90%) shear stresses. The 5-μM dose inhibited (P < 0.05) collagen-induced human platelet activation (PAC-1: -48.21%, P-selectin: -50.63%), secretion (CD63: -73.89%, CD40L: -43.70%), fibrinogen binding (-56.79%), and aggregation (-17.81%). The 5-μM dose attenuated (P < 0.01) thrombus growth (-66.67%) without prolonging bleeding time in mice. The 50-μM dose downregulated (P < 0.05) collagen-induced GPVI signaling in human platelets and significantly decreased phosphorylation of Syk-linker for activation of T cells (LAT)-SLP76 (Syk: -39.08%, LAT: -32.25%, SLP76: -40.00%) and the expression of Lyn (-31.89%), Fyn (-36.27%), and phospholipase C-γ2 (-39.08%).Conclusions: Cy-3-g inhibits human platelet activation, aggregation, secretion, and thrombus formation, and downregulates the collagen-GPVI signaling pathway. Supplementation of Cy-3-g may have protective effects against atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Yao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Reheman Adili
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of
| | - Thomas McKeown
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of
| | - Pingguo Chen
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of
| | - Guangheng Zhu
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyu Ni
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology.,Physiology, and.,Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and.,Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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RGS10 Negatively Regulates Platelet Activation and Thrombogenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165984. [PMID: 27829061 PMCID: PMC5102365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins act as GTPase activating proteins to negatively regulate G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. Although several RGS proteins including RGS2, RGS16, RGS10, and RGS18 are expressed in human and mouse platelets, the respective unique function(s) of each have not been fully delineated. RGS10 is a member of the D/R12 subfamily of RGS proteins and is expressed in microglia, macrophages, megakaryocytes, and platelets. We used a genetic approach to examine the role(s) of RGS10 in platelet activation in vitro and hemostasis and thrombosis in vivo. GPCR-induced aggregation, secretion, and integrin activation was much more pronounced in platelets from Rgs10-/- mice relative to wild type (WT). Accordingly, these mice had markedly reduced bleeding times and were more susceptible to vascular injury-associated thrombus formation than control mice. These findings suggest a unique, non-redundant role of RGS10 in modulating the hemostatic and thrombotic functions of platelets in mice. RGS10 thus represents a potential therapeutic target to control platelet activity and/or hypercoagulable states.
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The Inflammatory Role of Platelets: Translational Insights from Experimental Studies of Autoimmune Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101723. [PMID: 27754414 PMCID: PMC5085754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond their indispensable role in hemostasis, platelets have shown to affect the development of inflammatory disorders, as they have been epidemiologically and mechanistically linked to diseases featuring an inflammatory reaction in inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disorders. The identification of novel molecular mechanisms linking inflammation and to platelets has highlighted them as new targets for therapeutic interventions. In particular, genetic and pharmacological studies have identified an important role for platelets in neuroinflammation. This review summarizes the main molecular links between platelets and inflammation, focusing on immune regulatory factors, receptors, cellular targets and signaling pathways by which they can amplify inflammatory reactions and that make them potential therapeutic targets.
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Budnik I, Shenkman B, Savion N. Role of G protein signaling in the formation of the fibrin(ogen)–integrin αIIbβ3–actin cytoskeleton complex in platelets. Platelets 2016; 27:563-75. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2016.1147544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Budnik
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute and the Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Shenkman
- National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Naphtali Savion
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute and the Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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