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Mei G, Cavini CM, Mamaeva N, Wang P, DeGrip WJ, Rothschild KJ. Optical Switching Between Long-lived States of Opsin Transmembrane Voltage Sensors. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1001-1015. [PMID: 33817800 PMCID: PMC8596844 DOI: 10.1111/php.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Opsin-based transmembrane voltage sensors (OTVSs) are membrane proteins increasingly used in optogenetic applications to measure voltage changes across cellular membranes. In order to better understand the photophysical properties of OTVSs, we used a combination of UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence and FT-Raman spectroscopy to characterize QuasAr2 and NovArch, two closely related mutants derived from the proton pump archaerhodopsin-3 (AR3). We find both QuasAr2 and NovArch can be optically cycled repeatedly between O-like and M-like states using 5-min exposure to red (660 nm) and near-UV (405 nm) light. Longer red-light exposure resulted in the formation of a long-lived photoproduct similar to pink membrane, previously found to be a photoproduct of the BR O intermediate with a 9-cis retinylidene chromophore configuration. However, unlike QuasAr2 whose O-like state is stable in the dark, NovArch exhibits an O-like state which slowly partially decays in the dark to a stable M-like form with a deprotonated Schiff base and a 13-cis,15-anti retinylidene chromophore configuration. These results reveal a previously unknown complexity in the photochemistry of OTVSs including the ability to optically switch between different long-lived states. The possible molecular basis of these newly discovered properties along with potential optogenetic and biotechnological applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Mei
- Molecular Biophysics LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsPhotonics CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA
| | - Cesar M. Cavini
- Molecular Biophysics LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsPhotonics CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA
| | - Natalia Mamaeva
- Molecular Biophysics LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsPhotonics CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA
| | | | - Willem J. DeGrip
- Department of Biophysical Organic ChemistryLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of BiochemistryRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Kenneth J. Rothschild
- Molecular Biophysics LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsPhotonics CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA
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Antonacci A, Bertalan I, Giardi MT, Scognamiglio V, Turemis M, Fisher D, Johanningmeier U. Enhancing resistance of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to oxidative stress fusing constructs of heterologous antioxidant peptides into D1 protein. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Wang P, Zhao F, Hartmann V, Nowaczyk MM, Ruff A, Schuhmann W, Conzuelo F. Reassessing the rationale behind herbicide biosensors: The case of a photosystem II/redox polymer-based bioelectrode. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 136:107597. [PMID: 32674005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Interfacing photosynthetic protein complexes with electrodes is frequently used for the identification of electron transfer mechanisms and the fabrication of biosensors. Binding of herbicide compounds to the terminal plastoquinone QB at photosystem II (PSII) causes disruption of electron flow that is associated with a diminished performance of the associated biodevice. Thus, the principle of electron transport inhibition at PSII can be used for herbicide detection and has inspired the fabrication of several biosensors for this purpose. However, the biosensor performance may reveal a more complex behavior than generally expected. As we present here for a photobioelectrode constituted by PSII embedded in a redox polymer matrix, the effect caused by inhibitors does not only impact the electron transfer from PSII but also the properties of the polymer film used for immobilization and electrical wiring of the protein complexes. Incorporation of phenolic inhibitors into the polymer film surprisingly translates into enhanced photocurrents and, in particular cases, in a higher stability of the overall electrode architecture. The achieved results stress the importance to evaluate first the possible influence of analytes of interest on the biosensor architecture as a whole and provide important insights for consideration in future design of bioelectrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wang
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Fangyuan Zhao
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Volker Hartmann
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Marc M Nowaczyk
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Adrian Ruff
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Felipe Conzuelo
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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4
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Ding D, Gao P, Ma Q, Wang D, Xia F. Biomolecule-Functionalized Solid-State Ion Nanochannels/Nanopores: Features and Techniques. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1804878. [PMID: 30756522 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state ion nanochannels/nanopores, the biomimetic products of biological ion channels, are promising materials in real-world applications due to their robust mechanical and controllable chemical properties. Functionalizations of solid-state ion nanochannels/nanopores by biomolecules pave a wide way for the introduction of varied properties from biomolecules to solid-state ion nanochannels/nanopores, making them smart in response to analytes or external stimuli and regulating the transport of ions/molecules. In this review, two features for nanochannels/nanopores functionalized by biomolecules are abstracted, i.e., specificity and signal amplification. Both of the two features are demonstrated from three kinds of nanochannels/nanopores: nucleic acid-functionalized nanochannels/nanopores, protein-functionalized nanochannels/nanopores, and small biomolecule-functionalized nanochannels/nanopores, respectively. Meanwhile, the fundamental mechanisms of these combinations between biomolecules and nanochannels/nanopores are explored, providing reasonable constructs for applications in sensing, transport, and energy conversion. And then, the techniques of functionalizations and the basic principle about biomolecules onto the solid-state ion nanochannels/nanopores are summarized. Finally, some views about the future developments of the biomolecule-functionalized nanochannels/nanopores are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defang Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (CUG), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (CUG), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qun Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (CUG), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Dagui Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (CUG), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (CUG), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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Yu D, Lan J, Khan NU, Li Q, Xu F, Huang G, Xu H, Huang F. The in vitro synergistic denaturation effect of heat and surfactant on photosystem I isolated from Arthrospira Platensis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 141:229-243. [PMID: 30725234 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) generates the most negative redox potential found in nature, and the performance of solar energy conversion into alternative energy sources in artificial systems highly depends on the thermal stability of PSI. Thus, understanding thermal denaturation is an important prerequisite for the use of PSI at elevated temperatures. To assess the thermal stability of surfactant-solubilized PSI from cyanobacteria Arthrospira Platensis, the synergistic denaturation effect of heat and surfactant was studied. At room temperature, surfactant n-dodecyl-β-D-maltoside solubilized PSI trimer gradually disassembles into PSI monomers and free pigments over long time. In the solubilizing process of PSI particles, surfactant can uncouple pigments of PSI, and the high concentration of surfactant causes the pigment to uncouple more; after the surfactant-solubilizing process, the uncoupling is relatively slow. During the heating process, changes were monitored by transmittance T800nm, ellipticity θ686nm and θ222nm, upon slow heating (1.5 °C per minute) of samples in Tris buffer (20 mM, pH 7.8) from 20 to 95 °C. The thermal denaturation of surfactant-solubilized PSI is a much more complicated process, which includes the uncoupling of pigments by surfactants, the disappearance of surrounding surfactants, and the unfolding of PSI α-helices. During the heating process, the uncoupling chlorophyll a (Chla) and converted pheophytin (Pheo) can form excitons of Chla-Pheo. The secondary structure α-helix of PSI proteins is stable up to 87-92 °C in the low-concentration surfactant solubilized PSI, and high-concentration surfactant and pigments uncoupling can accelerate the α-helical unfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinxiao Lan
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Naseer Ullah Khan
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Quan Li
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Fengxi Xu
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Guihong Huang
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
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Eagles EJ, Benstead R, MacDonald S, Handy R, Hutchinson TH. Impacts of the mycotoxin zearalenone on growth and photosynthetic responses in laboratory populations of freshwater macrophytes (Lemna minor) and microalgae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:225-231. [PMID: 30448705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are an important class of chemicals of emerging concern, recently detected in aquatic environments, potentially reflecting the influence of fungicide resistance and climatic factors on fungal diseases in agricultural crops. Zearalenone (ZON) is a mycotoxin formed by Fusarium spp. and is known for its biological activity in animal tissues; both in vitro and in vivo. ZON has been reported in US and Polish surface waters at 0.7 - 96 ng/L, with agricultural run-off and wastewater treatment plants being the likely sources of mycotoxins. As some mycotoxins can induce phytotoxicity, laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of ZON (as measured concentrations) to freshwater algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) and macrophytes (Lemna minor) following OECD test guidelines 201 and 221, respectively. Zinc sulphate was used as a positive control. In the OECD 201 algal static study (72 h at 24 ± 1 °C), exposure to ZON gave average specific growth rate (cell density) EC50 and yield (cell density) EC50 values of > 3.1 and 0.92 (0.74 - 1.8) mg/L, respectively. ZON was less toxic in the OECD 221 static study and after 7 d at 24 ± 1 °C. L. minor growth was significantly reduced based on frond number and frond area at 11.4 mg ZON/L, showing a higher tolerance than reported for other mycotoxins with Lemna spp. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were used as biomarkers of impacts on photosystem II efficiency, with no effect seen in algae but, with responses being observed in L. minor between 5.2 - 14.4 mg ZON/L. ZON toxicity seen here is not of immediate concern in context with environmental levels, but this study highlights that other freshwater organisms including algae are more sensitive to mycotoxins than Lemna sp., the only current source of toxicity data for freshwater plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Eagles
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Rachel Benstead
- FERA Science Ltd., National Agri-Food Innovation Campus, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK
| | - Susan MacDonald
- FERA Science Ltd., National Agri-Food Innovation Campus, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK
| | - Richard Handy
- School of Biological & Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Thomas H Hutchinson
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
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Zhou J, Meng H, Zhang W, Li Y. Production of Industrial Chemicals from CO 2 by Engineering Cyanobacteria. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1080:97-116. [PMID: 30091093 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0854-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
As photosynthetic prokaryotes, cyanobacteria can directly convert CO2 to organic compounds and grow rapidly using sunlight as the sole source of energy. The direct biosynthesis of chemicals from CO2 and sunlight in cyanobacteria is therefore theoretically more attractive than using glucose as carbon source in heterotrophic bacteria. To date, more than 20 different target chemicals have been synthesized from CO2 in cyanobacteria. However, the yield and productivity of the constructed strains is about 100-fold lower than what can be obtained using heterotrophic bacteria, and only a few products reached the gram level. The main bottleneck in optimizing cyanobacterial cell factories is the relative complexity of the metabolism of photoautotrophic bacteria. In heterotrophic bacteria, energy metabolism is integrated with the carbon metabolism, so that glucose can provide both energy and carbon for the synthesis of target chemicals. By contrast, the energy and carbon metabolism of cyanobacteria are separated. First, solar energy is converted into chemical energy and reducing power via the light reactions of photosynthesis. Subsequently, CO2 is reduced to organic compounds using this chemical energy and reducing power. Finally, the reduced CO2 provides the carbon source and chemical energy for the synthesis of target chemicals and cell growth. Consequently, the unique nature of the cyanobacterial energy and carbon metabolism determines the specific metabolic engineering strategies required for these organisms. In this chapter, we will describe the specific characteristics of cyanobacteria regarding their metabolism of carbon and energy, summarize and analyze the specific strategies for the production of chemicals in cyanobacteria, and propose metabolic engineering strategies which may be most suitable for cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hengkai Meng
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Ashraf I, Konrad A, Lokstein H, Skandary S, Metzger M, Djouda JM, Maurer T, Adam PM, Meixner AJ, Brecht M. Temperature dependence of metal-enhanced fluorescence of photosystem I from Thermosynechococcus elongatus. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:4196-4204. [PMID: 28287218 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08762k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the temperature dependence of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) of individual photosystem I (PSI) complexes from Thermosynechococcus elongatus (T. elongatus) coupled to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). A strong temperature dependence of shape and intensity of the emission spectra is observed when PSI is coupled to AuNPs. For each temperature, the enhancement factor (EF) is calculated by comparing the intensity of individual AuNP-coupled PSI to the mean intensity of 'uncoupled' PSI. At cryogenic temperature (1.6 K) the average EF was 4.3-fold. Upon increasing the temperature to 250 K the EF increases to 84-fold. Single complexes show even higher EFs up to 441.0-fold. At increasing temperatures the different spectral pools of PSI from T. elongatus become distinguishable. These pools are affected differently by the plasmonic interactions and show different enhancements. The remarkable increase of the EFs is explained by a rate model including the temperature dependence of the fluorescence yield of PSI and the spectral overlap between absorption and emission spectra of AuNPs and PSI, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ashraf
- IPTC and LISA+ Center, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Alexander Konrad
- IPTC and LISA+ Center, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sepideh Skandary
- IPTC and LISA+ Center, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Michael Metzger
- IPTC and LISA+ Center, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Joseph M Djouda
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Instrumentation and Optics, University of Technology of Troyes, 12 rue Marie Curie, 10004 Troyes, France
| | - Thomas Maurer
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Instrumentation and Optics, University of Technology of Troyes, 12 rue Marie Curie, 10004 Troyes, France
| | - Pierre M Adam
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Instrumentation and Optics, University of Technology of Troyes, 12 rue Marie Curie, 10004 Troyes, France
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- IPTC and LISA+ Center, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Marc Brecht
- IPTC and LISA+ Center, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Grattieri M, Hasan K, Minteer SD. Bioelectrochemical Systems as a Multipurpose Biosensing Tool: Present Perspective and Future Outlook. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Grattieri
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering University of Utah 315 S 1400 E Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
| | - Kamrul Hasan
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering University of Utah 315 S 1400 E Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering University of Utah 315 S 1400 E Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
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Dupraz V, Coquillé N, Ménard D, Sussarellu R, Haugarreau L, Stachowski-Haberkorn S. Microalgal sensitivity varies between a diuron-resistant strain and two wild strains when exposed to diuron and irgarol, alone and in mixtures. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 151:241-252. [PMID: 26945240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A wild strain of Chaetoceros calcitrans and wild and diuron-resistant strains of Tetraselmis suecica, were exposed to the PSII inhibitor herbicides diuron and irgarol, individually and in mixtures. The effects of three concentrations of diuron and irgarol and four binary mixtures were evaluated on doubling time, relative reactive oxygen species and lipid content by flow cytometry, and on photosynthetic efficiency by pulse amplitude modulated fluorescence. In both wild strains, significant effects were observed for each molecule at the highest concentration tested: at irgarol 0.5 μg L(-1), C. calcitrans was shown to be more sensitive than T. suecica (+52% and +19% in doubling time, respectively), whereas at diuron 5 μg L(-1), T. suecica was more affected (+125% in doubling time) than C. calcitrans (+21%). Overall, irgarol had a higher toxicity at a lower concentration than diuron (no effect at diuron 0.5 μg L(-1)) for both wild strains. The strongest mixture (irgarol 0.5 μg L(-1) + diuron 5 μg L(-1)) increased doubling time by 356% for T. suecica, thus showing amplified effects when the two compounds were mixed. Sequencing of the diuron-resistant strain demonstrated a single mutation in the psbA gene coding sequence. Although resistance of this strain to diuron was confirmed with no effect at the highest diuron concentration, no resistance to irgarol was shown. In addition, the mutant strain exposed to the strongest mixture showed a 3.5-fold increase in doubling time compared with irgarol alone, thereby supporting the hypothesis of a biochemical interaction between these two compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Dupraz
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Nathalie Coquillé
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France; Irstea, UR EABX, Centre de Bordeaux, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612 Cestas Cedex, France; Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805, EPOC, Laboratoire de Physico Toxico Chimie de l'environnement, 351 Cours de la Libération, CS 10004, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 5805, EPOC, Laboratoire de Physico Toxico Chimie de l'environnement, 351 Cours de la Libération, CS 10004, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Dominique Ménard
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Rossana Sussarellu
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Larissa Haugarreau
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
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Identification of pesticide varieties by testing microalgae using Visible/Near Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging technology. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24221. [PMID: 27071456 PMCID: PMC4829843 DOI: 10.1038/srep24221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In our study, the feasibility of using visible/near infrared hyperspectral imaging technology to detect the changes of the internal components of Chlorella pyrenoidosa so as to determine the varieties of pesticides (such as butachlor, atrazine and glyphosate) at three concentrations (0.6 mg/L, 3 mg/L, 15 mg/L) was investigated. Three models (partial least squares discriminant analysis combined with full wavelengths, FW-PLSDA; partial least squares discriminant analysis combined with competitive adaptive reweighted sampling algorithm, CARS-PLSDA; linear discrimination analysis combined with regression coefficients, RC-LDA) were built by the hyperspectral data of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to find which model can produce the most optimal result. The RC-LDA model, which achieved an average correct classification rate of 97.0% was more superior than FW-PLSDA (72.2%) and CARS-PLSDA (84.0%), and it proved that visible/near infrared hyperspectral imaging could be a rapid and reliable technique to identify pesticide varieties. It also proved that microalgae can be a very promising medium to indicate characteristics of pesticides.
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12
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Chatzipetrou M, Milano F, Giotta L, Chirizzi D, Trotta M, Massaouti M, Guascito M, Zergioti I. Functionalization of gold screen printed electrodes with bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers by laser printing technology for mediatorless herbicide biosensing. Electrochem commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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13
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Plumeré N, Nowaczyk MM. Biophotoelectrochemistry of Photosynthetic Proteins. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 158:111-136. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Molaeirad A, Asl AL, khayati M, Alijanianzadeh M. Assay of bacteriorhodopsin stability on polycarbonate surface by using of FTIR-ATR: a model of disk-based bioassays. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2015; 47:355-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-015-9616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yu D, Wang M, Zhu G, Ge B, Liu S, Huang F. Enhanced photocurrent production by bio-dyes of photosynthetic macromolecules on designed TiO2 film. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9375. [PMID: 25790735 PMCID: PMC4366820 DOI: 10.1038/srep09375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The macromolecular pigment-protein complex has the merit of high efficiency for light-energy capture and transfer after long-term photosynthetic evolution. Here bio-dyes of A. platensis photosystem I (PSI) and spinach light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) are spontaneously sensitized on three types of designed TiO2 films, to assess the effects of pigment-protein complex on the performance of bio-dye sensitized solar cells (SSC). Adsorption models of bio-dyes are proposed based on the 3D structures of PSI and LHCII, and the size of particles and inner pores in the TiO2 film. PSI shows its merit of high efficiency for captured energy transfer, charge separation and transfer in the electron transfer chain (ETC), and electron injection from FB to the TiO2 conducting band. After optimization, the best short current (JSC) and photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) of PSI-SSC and LHCII-SSC are 1.31 mA cm(-2) and 0.47%, and 1.51 mA cm(-2) and 0.52%, respectively. The potential for further improvement of this PSI based SSC is significant and could lead to better utilization of solar energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Mengfei Wang
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Guoliang Zhu
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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16
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SCMPSP: Prediction and characterization of photosynthetic proteins based on a scoring card method. BMC Bioinformatics 2015; 16 Suppl 1:S8. [PMID: 25708243 PMCID: PMC4331707 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-16-s1-s8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photosynthetic proteins (PSPs) greatly differ in their structure and function as they are involved in numerous subprocesses that take place inside an organelle called a chloroplast. Few studies predict PSPs from sequences due to their high variety of sequences and structues. This work aims to predict and characterize PSPs by establishing the datasets of PSP and non-PSP sequences and developing prediction methods. RESULTS A novel bioinformatics method of predicting and characterizing PSPs based on scoring card method (SCMPSP) was used. First, a dataset consisting of 649 PSPs was established by using a Gene Ontology term GO:0015979 and 649 non-PSPs from the SwissProt database with sequence identity <= 25%.- Several prediction methods are presented based on support vector machine (SVM), decision tree J48, Bayes, BLAST, and SCM. The SVM method using dipeptide features-performed well and yielded - a test accuracy of 72.31%. The SCMPSP method uses the estimated propensity scores of 400 dipeptides - as PSPs and has a test accuracy of 71.54%, which is comparable to that of the SVM method. The derived propensity scores of 20 amino acids were further used to identify informative physicochemical properties for characterizing PSPs. The analytical results reveal the following four characteristics of PSPs: 1) PSPs favour hydrophobic side chain amino acids; 2) PSPs are composed of the amino acids prone to form helices in membrane environments; 3) PSPs have low interaction with water; and 4) PSPs prefer to be composed of the amino acids of electron-reactive side chains. CONCLUSIONS The SCMPSP method not only estimates the propensity of a sequence to be PSPs, it also discovers characteristics that further improve understanding of PSPs. The SCMPSP source code and the datasets used in this study are available at http://iclab.life.nctu.edu.tw/SCMPSP/.
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Yu D, Huang G, Xu F, Ge B, Liu S, Xu H, Huang F. Effect of surfactants on apparent oxygen consumption of photosystem I isolated from Arthrospira platensis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2014; 122:203-213. [PMID: 24947956 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-0022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants play a significant role in solubilization of photosystem I (PSI) in vitro. Triton X-100 (TX), n-Dodecyl-β-D-maltoside (DDM), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were employed to solubilize PSI particles in MES buffer to compare the effect of surfactant and its dosage on the apparent oxygen consumption rate of PSI. Through a combined assessment of sucrose density gradient centrifugation, Native PAGE and 77 K fluorescence with the apparent oxygen consumption, the nature of the enhancement of the apparent oxygen consumption activity of PSI by surfactants has been analyzed. Aggregated PSI particles can be dispersed by surfactant molecules into micelles, and the apparent oxygen consumption rate is higher for surfactant-solubilized PSI than for integral PSI particles. For DDM, PSI particles are solubilized mostly as the integral trimeric form. For TX, PSI particles are solubilized as incomplete trimeric and some monomeric forms. For the much harsher surfactant, SDS, PSI particles are completely solubilized as monomeric and its subunit forms. The enhancement of the oxygen consumption rate cannot be explained only by the effects of surfactant on the equilibrium between monomeric and trimeric forms of solubililized PSI. Care must be taken when the electron transfer activity of PSI is evaluated by methods based on oxygen consumption because the apparent oxygen consumption rate is influenced by uncoupled chlorophyll (Chl) from PSI, i.e., the larger the amount of uncoupled Chl, the higher the rate of apparent oxygen consumption. 77 K fluorescence spectra can be used to ensure that there is no uncoupled Chl present in the system. In order to eliminate the effect of trace uncoupled Chl, an efficient physical quencher of (1)O2, such as 1 mM NaN3, may be added into the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China,
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18
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Tsopela A, Lale A, Vanhove E, Reynes O, Séguy I, Temple-Boyer P, Juneau P, Izquierdo R, Launay J. Integrated electrochemical biosensor based on algal metabolism for water toxicity analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 61:290-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Kamran M, Delgado JD, Friebe V, Aartsma TJ, Frese RN. Photosynthetic Protein Complexes as Bio-photovoltaic Building Blocks Retaining a High Internal Quantum Efficiency. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2833-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm500585s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kamran
- Leiden
Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Juan D. Delgado
- VU University, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Friebe
- VU University, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J. Aartsma
- Leiden
Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul N. Frese
- VU University, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Yu D, Huang G, Xu F, Wang M, Liu S, Huang F. Triton X-100 as an effective surfactant for the isolation and purification of photosystem I from Arthrospira platensis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2014; 120:311-321. [PMID: 24599394 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-9988-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants play important roles in the preparation, structural, and functional research of membrane proteins, and solubilizing and isolating membrane protein, while keeping their structural integrity and activity intact is complicated. The commercial n-Dodecyl-β-D-maltoside (DDM) and Triton X-100 (TX) were used as solubilizers to extract and purify trimeric photosystem I (PSI) complex, an important photosynthetic membrane protein complex attracting broad interests. With an optimized procedure, TX can be used as an effective surfactant to isolate and purify PSI, as a replace of the much more expensive DDM. A mechanism was proposed to interpret the solubilization process at surfactant concentrations lower than the critical solubilization concentration. PSI-TX and PSI-DDM had identical polypeptide bands, pigment compositions, oxygen consumption, and photocurrent activities. This provides an alternative procedure and paves a way for economical and large-scale trimeric PSI preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China,
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21
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Meng Z, Bao H, Wang J, Jiang C, Zhang M, Zhai J, Jiang L. Artificial ion channels regulating light-induced ionic currents in photoelectrical conversion systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:2329-34. [PMID: 24347524 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Artificial ion channels are introduced into a photosystem II photoelectrical conversion system to mimic the photocurrent regulating of the natural PSII energy system on the thylakoid membrane. In the composite system, PSII complexes act as pumps to convert light into currents and artificial ion channels act as valves to regulate light-induced ionic currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial, Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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22
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Swainsbury DJK, Friebe VM, Frese RN, Jones MR. Evaluation of a biohybrid photoelectrochemical cell employing the purple bacterial reaction centre as a biosensor for herbicides. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 58:172-8. [PMID: 24637165 PMCID: PMC4009402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction centre is a relatively robust and tractable membrane protein that has potential for exploitation in technological applications, including biohybrid devices for photovoltaics and biosensing. This report assessed the usefulness of the photocurrent generated by this reaction centre adhered to a small working electrode as the basis for a biosensor for classes of herbicides used extensively for the control of weeds in major agricultural crops. Photocurrent generation was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by the triazides atrazine and terbutryn, but not by nitrile or phenylurea herbicides. Measurements of the effects of these herbicides on the kinetics of charge recombination in photo-oxidised reaction centres in solution showed the same selectivity of response. Titrations of reaction centre photocurrents yielded half maximal inhibitory concentrations of 208 nM and 2.1 µM for terbutryn and atrazine, respectively, with limits of detection estimated at around 8 nM and 50 nM, respectively. Photocurrent attenuation provided a direct measure of herbicide concentration, with no need for model-dependent kinetic analysis of the signal used for detection or the use of prohibitively complex instrumentation, and prospects for the use of protein engineering to develop the sensitivity and selectivity of herbicide binding by the Rba. sphaeroides reaction centre are discussed. The Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction centre was used as a biosensor for herbicides. Herbicide concentration was assessed through the attenuation of a photocurrent. The biosensor showed selectivity for triazine herbicides. The limit of detection of the biosensor was in the low nanomolar range. Photocurrent attenuation is a simple and direct basis for a herbicide biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J K Swainsbury
- School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom.
| | - Vincent M Friebe
- Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
| | - Raoul N Frese
- Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
| | - Michael R Jones
- School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom.
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23
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Roach T, Krieger-Liszkay A. Regulation of photosynthetic electron transport and photoinhibition. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2014; 15:351-62. [PMID: 24678670 PMCID: PMC4030316 DOI: 10.2174/1389203715666140327105143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms and isolated photosystems are of interest for technical applications. In nature, photosynthetic electron transport has to work efficiently in contrasting environments such as shade and full sunlight at noon. Photosynthetic electron transport is regulated on many levels, starting with the energy transfer processes in antenna and ending with how reducing power is ultimately partitioned. This review starts by explaining how light energy can be dissipated or distributed by the various mechanisms of non-photochemical quenching, including thermal dissipation and state transitions, and how these processes influence photoinhibition of photosystem II (PSII). Furthermore, we will highlight the importance of the various alternative electron transport pathways, including the use of oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor and cyclic flow around photosystem I (PSI), the latter which seem particularly relevant to preventing photoinhibition of photosystem I. The control of excitation pressure in combination with the partitioning of reducing power influences the light-dependent formation of reactive oxygen species in PSII and in PSI, which may be a very important consideration to any artificial photosynthetic system or technical device using photosynthetic organisms.
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24
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El Hadj K, Bertoncini P, Chauvet O. pH-Sensitive photoinduced energy transfer from bacteriorhodopsin to single-walled carbon nanotubes in SWNT-bR hybrids. ACS NANO 2013; 7:8743-8752. [PMID: 24011351 DOI: 10.1021/nn403092r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Energy transfer mechanisms in noncovalently bound bacteriorhodopsin/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) hybrids are investigated using optical absorption and photoluminescence excitation measurements. The morphology of the hybrids was investigated by atomic force microscopy. In this study, proteins are immobilized onto the sidewall of the carbon nanotubes using a sodium cholate suspension-dialysis method that maintains the intrinsic optical and fluorescence properties of both molecules. The hybrids are stable in aqueous solutions for pH ranging from 4.2 to 9 and exhibit photoluminescence properties that are pH-dependent. The study reveals that energy transfer from bacteriorhodopsin to carbon nanotubes takes place. So, at pH higher than 5 and up to 9, the SWNTs absorb the photons emitted by the aromatic residues of the protein, inducing a strong increase in intensity of the E11 emissions of SWNTs through their E33 and E44 excitations. From pH = 4.2 to pH = 5, the protein fluorescence is strongly quenched whatever the emission wavelengths, while additional fluorescence features appear at excitation wavelengths ranging from 660 to 680 nm and at 330 nm. The presence of these features is attributed to a resonance energy transfer mechanism that has an efficiency of 0.94 ± 0.02. More, by increasing the pH of the dispersion, the fluorescence characteristics become those observed at higher pH values and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim El Hadj
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, Nantes Université , CNRS 2 Rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes, France
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25
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Wang F, Liu X, Willner I. Integration of photoswitchable proteins, photosynthetic reaction centers and semiconductor/biomolecule hybrids with electrode supports for optobioelectronic applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:349-377. [PMID: 22933337 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Light-triggered biological processes provide the principles for the development of man-made optobioelectronic systems. This Review addresses three recently developed topics in the area of optobioelectronics, while addressing the potential applications of these systems. The topics discussed include: (i) the reversible photoswitching of the bioelectrocatalytic functions of redox proteins by the modification of proteins with photoisomerizable units or by the integration of proteins with photoisomerizable environments; (ii) the integration of natural photosynthetic reaction centers with electrodes and the construction of photobioelectrochemical cells and photobiofuel cells; and (iii) the synthesis of biomolecule/semiconductor quantum dots hybrid systems and their immobilization on electrodes to yield photobioelectrochemical and photobiofuel cell elements. The fundamental challenge in the tailoring of optobioelectronic systems is the development of means to electrically contact photoactive biomolecular assemblies with the electrode supports. Different methods to establish electrical communication between the photoactive biomolecular assemblies and electrodes are discussed. These include the nanoscale engineering of the biomolecular nanostructures on surfaces, the development of photoactive molecular wires and the coupling of photoinduced electron transfer reactions with the redox functions of proteins. The different possible applications of optobioelectronic systems are discussed, including their use as photosensors, the design of biosensors, and the construction of solar energy conversion and storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuan Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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26
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Saeedi P, Moosaabadi JM, Sebtahmadi SS, Mehrabadi JF, Behmanesh M, Nejad HR, Nazaktabar A. Generation and analysis of bacteriorhodopsin mutants with the potential for biotechnological applications. Bioengineered 2012; 3:275-9. [PMID: 22976247 PMCID: PMC3477695 DOI: 10.4161/bioe.21048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) can be manipulated by genetic engineering. Therefore, by the methods of gene engineering, Asp85 was replaced individually by two other amino acids (D85V, D85S). The resulting recombinant proteins were assembled into soybean vesicles retinylated to form functional BR-like nano-particles. Proton translocation was almost completely abrogated by the mutant D85S, while the D85V mutant was partially active in pumping protons. Compared with wild type, maximum absorption of the mutants, D85V and D85S, were 563 and 609 nm, which illustrated 5 nm reductions (blue shift) and 41 nm increases (red shift), respectively. Since proton transport activity and spectroscopic activities of the mutants are different, a wide variety of membrane bioreactors (MBr) have been developed. Modified proteins can be utilized to produce unique photo/Electro-chromic materials and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Saeedi
- Faculty of Science; Department of Biology; Science and Research Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran, Iran
| | | | - S. Sina Sebtahmadi
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J. Fallah Mehrabadi
- Faculty of Biosciences and Biotechnology; Malekashtar University of Technology; Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Behmanesh
- Faculty of Science; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Rouhani Nejad
- Faculty of Science; Department of Biology; Science and Research Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Nazaktabar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Department of Microbiology; University of Tehran; Tehran, Iran
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27
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Hajdu K, Gergely C, Martin M, Cloitre T, Zimányi L, Tenger K, Khoroshyy P, Palestino G, Agarwal V, Hernádi K, Németh Z, Nagy L. Porous silicon/photosynthetic reaction center hybrid nanostructure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:11866-11873. [PMID: 22809391 DOI: 10.1021/la301888p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The purified photosynthetic reaction center protein (RC) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26 purple bacteria was bound to porous silicon microcavities (PSiMc) either through silane-glutaraldehyde (GTA) chemistry or via a noncovalent peptide cross-linker. The characteristic resonance mode in the microcavity reflectivity spectrum red shifted by several nanometers upon RC binding, indicating the protein infiltration into the porous silicon (PSi) photonic structure. Flash photolysis experiments confirmed the photochemical activity of RC after its binding to the solid substrate. The kinetic components of the intraprotein charge recombination were considerably faster (τ(fast) = 14 (±9) ms, τ(slow) = 230 (±28) ms with the RC bound through the GTA cross-linker and only τ(fast) = 27 (±3) ms through peptide coating) than in solution (τ(fast) = 120 (±3) ms, τ(slow) = 1387 (±2) ms), indicating the effect of the PSi surface on the light-induced electron transfer in the protein. The PSi/RC complex was found to oxidize the externally added electron donor, mammalian cytochrome c, and the cytochrome oxidation was blocked by the competitive RC inhibitor, terbutryne. This fact indicates that the specific surface binding sites on the PSi-bound RC are still accessible to external cofactors and an electronic interaction with redox components in the aqueous environment is possible. This new type of biophotonic material is considered to be an excellent model for new generation applications at the interface of silicon-based electronics and biological redox systems designed by nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kata Hajdu
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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28
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Touloupakis E, Boutopoulos C, Buonasera K, Zergioti I, Giardi MT. A photosynthetic biosensor with enhanced electron transfer generation realized by laser printing technology. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 402:3237-44. [PMID: 22302172 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
One of the limits of current electrochemical biosensors is a lack of methods providing stable and highly efficient junctions between biomaterial and solid-state devices. This paper shows how laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) can enable efficient electron transfer from photosynthetic biomaterial immobilized on screen-printed electrodes (SPE). The ideal pattern, in terms of photocurrent signal of thylakoid droplets giving a stable response signal with a current intensity of approximately 335 ± 13 nA for a thylakoid mass of 28 ± 4 ng, was selected. It is shown that the efficiency of energy production of a photosynthetic system can be strongly enhanced by the LIFT process, as demonstrated by use of the technique to construct an efficient and sensitive photosynthesis-based biosensor for detecting herbicides at nanomolar concentrations.
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29
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Bensaid S, Centi G, Garrone E, Perathoner S, Saracco G. Towards artificial leaves for solar hydrogen and fuels from carbon dioxide. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:500-521. [PMID: 22431486 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of an "artificial leaf" that collects energy in the same way as a natural one is one of the great challenges for the use of renewable energy and a sustainable development. To avoid the problem of intermittency in solar energy, it is necessary to design systems that directly capture CO(2) and convert it into liquid solar fuels that can be easily stored. However, to be advantageous over natural leaves, it is necessary that artificial leaves have a higher solar energy-to-chemical fuel conversion efficiency, directly provide fuels that can be used in power-generating devices, and finally be robust and of easy construction, for example, smart, cheap and robust. This review discusses the recent progress in this field, with particular attention to the design and development of 'artificial leaf' devices and some of their critical components. This is a very active research area with different concepts and ideas under investigation, although often the validity of the considered solutions it is still not proven or the many constrains are not fully taken into account, particularly from the perspective of system engineering, which considerably limits some of the investigated solutions. It is also shown how system design should be included, at least at a conceptual level, in the definition of the artificial leaf elements to be investigated (catalysts, electrodes, membranes, sensitizers) and that the main relevant aspects of the cell engineering (mass/charge transport, fluid dynamics, sealing, etc.) should be also considered already at the initial stage because they determine the design and the choice between different options. For this reason, attention has been given to the system-design ideas under development instead of the molecular aspects of the O(2) - or H(2) -evolution catalysts. However, some of the recent advances in these catalysts, and their use in advanced electrodes, are also reported to provide a more complete picture of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Bensaid
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
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30
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Site-directed mutagenesis in bacteriorhodopsin mutants and their characterization for bioelectrical and biotechnological equipment. Biotechnol Lett 2012; 34:455-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0731-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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31
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Zhang Y, LaFountain AM, Magdaong N, Fuciman M, Allen JP, Frank HA, Rusling JF. Thin Film Voltammetry of Wild Type and Mutant Reaction Center Proteins from Photosynthetic Bacteria. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:3226-32. [PMID: 21384836 DOI: 10.1021/jp111680p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Amy M. LaFountain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Nikki Magdaong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Marcel Fuciman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - James P. Allen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Harry A. Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - James F. Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, United States
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Bedford NM, Winget GD, Punnamaraju S, Steckl AJ. Immobilization of Stable Thylakoid Vesicles in Conductive Nanofibers by Electrospinning. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:778-84. [DOI: 10.1021/bm101386w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Douglas Winget
- The Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife, 3400 Vine Street, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45220-1399, United States
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Rea G, Lambreva M, Polticelli F, Bertalan I, Antonacci A, Pastorelli S, Damasso M, Johanningmeier U, Giardi MT. Directed evolution and in silico analysis of reaction centre proteins reveal molecular signatures of photosynthesis adaptation to radiation pressure. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16216. [PMID: 21249156 PMCID: PMC3020971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary mechanisms adopted by the photosynthetic apparatus to modifications in the Earth's atmosphere on a geological time-scale remain a focus of intense research. The photosynthetic machinery has had to cope with continuously changing environmental conditions and particularly with the complex ionizing radiation emitted by solar flares. The photosynthetic D1 protein, being the site of electron tunneling-mediated charge separation and solar energy transduction, is a hot spot for the generation of radiation-induced radical injuries. We explored the possibility to produce D1 variants tolerant to ionizing radiation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and clarified the effect of radiation-induced oxidative damage on the photosynthetic proteins evolution. In vitro directed evolution strategies targeted at the D1 protein were adopted to create libraries of chlamydomonas random mutants, subsequently selected by exposures to radical-generating proton or neutron sources. The common trend observed in the D1 aminoacidic substitutions was the replacement of less polar by more polar amino acids. The applied selection pressure forced replacement of residues more sensitive to oxidative damage with less sensitive ones, suggesting that ionizing radiation may have been one of the driving forces in the evolution of the eukaryotic photosynthetic apparatus. A set of the identified aminoacidic substitutions, close to the secondary plastoquinone binding niche and oxygen evolving complex, were introduced by site-directed mutagenesis in un-transformed strains, and their sensitivity to free radicals attack analyzed. Mutants displayed reduced electron transport efficiency in physiological conditions, and increased photosynthetic performance stability and oxygen evolution capacity in stressful high-light conditions. Finally, comparative in silico analyses of D1 aminoacidic sequences of organisms differently located in the evolution chain, revealed a higher ratio of residues more sensitive to oxidative damage in the eukaryotic/cyanobacterial proteins compared to their bacterial orthologs. These results led us to hypothesize an archaean atmosphere less challenging in terms of ionizing radiation than the present one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Rea
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Monterotondo, Italy.
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Opposing structural changes in two symmetrical polypeptides bring about opposing changes to the thermal stability of a complex integral membrane protein. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 505:160-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ventrella A, Catucci L, Agostiano A. Herbicides affect fluorescence and electron transfer activity of spinach chloroplasts, thylakoid membranes and isolated Photosystem II. Bioelectrochemistry 2010; 79:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/31/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kaniber SM, Brandstetter M, Simmel FC, Carmeli I, Holleitner AW. On-Chip Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes with Photosystem I. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:2872-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja910790x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone M. Kaniber
- Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Matthias Brandstetter
- Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Friedrich C. Simmel
- Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Itai Carmeli
- Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexander W. Holleitner
- Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
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37
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Rea G, Polticelli F, Antonacci A, Scognamiglio V, Katiyar P, Kulkarni SA, Johanningmeier U, Giardi MT. Structure-based design of novel Chlamydomonas reinhardtii D1-D2 photosynthetic proteins for herbicide monitoring. Protein Sci 2009; 18:2139-51. [PMID: 19693932 PMCID: PMC2786977 DOI: 10.1002/pro.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The D1-D2 heterodimer in the reaction center core of phototrophs binds the redox plastoquinone cofactors, Q(A) and Q(B), the terminal acceptors of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain in the photosystem II (PSII). This complex is the target of the herbicide atrazine, an environmental pollutant competitive inhibitor of Q(B) binding, and consequently it represents an excellent biomediator to develop biosensors for pollutant monitoring in ecosystems. In this context, we have undertaken a study of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii D1-D2 proteins aimed at designing site directed mutants with increased affinity for atrazine. The three-dimensional structure of the D1 and D2 proteins from C. reinhardtii has been homology modeled using the crystal structure of the highly homologous Thermosynechococcus elongatus proteins as templates. Mutants of D1 and D2 were then generated in silico and the atrazine binding affinity of the mutant proteins has been calculated to predict mutations able to increase PSII affinity for atrazine. The computational approach has been validated through comparison with available experimental data and production and characterization of one of the predicted mutants. The latter analyses indicated an increase of one order of magnitude of the mutant sensitivity and affinity for atrazine as compared to the control strain. Finally, D1-D2 heterodimer mutants were designed and selected which, according to our model, increase atrazine binding affinity by up to 20 kcal/mol, representing useful starting points for the development of high affinity biosensors for atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Rea
- Institute of Crystallography, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy.
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38
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Kaniber SM, Simmel FC, Holleitner AW, Carmeli I. The optoelectronic properties of a photosystem I-carbon nanotube hybrid system. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:345701. [PMID: 19652282 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/34/345701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The photoconductance properties of photosystem I (PSI) covalently bound to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are measured. We demonstrate that the PSI forms active electronic junctions with the CNTs, enabling control of the CNTs' photoconductance by the PSI. In order to electrically contact the photoactive proteins, a cysteine mutant is generated at one end of the PSI by genetic engineering. The CNTs are covalently bound to this reactive group using carbodiimide chemistry. We detect an enhanced photoconductance signal of the hybrid material at photon wavelengths resonant to the absorption maxima of the PSI compared to non-resonant wavelengths. The measurements prove that it is feasible to integrate photosynthetic proteins into optoelectronic circuits at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone M Kaniber
- Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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Giardi MT, Scognamiglio V, Rea G, Rodio G, Antonacci A, Lambreva M, Pezzotti G, Johanningmeier U. Optical biosensors for environmental monitoring based on computational and biotechnological tools for engineering the photosynthetic D1 protein of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 25:294-300. [PMID: 19674888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Homology-based protein modelling and computational screening followed by virtual mutagenesis analyses were used to identify functional amino acids in the D1 protein of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain interacting with herbicides. A library of functional mutations in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for preparing biomediators was built and their interactions with herbicides were calculated. D1 proteins giving the lowest and highest binding energy with herbicides were considered as suitable for preparing the environmental biosensors for detecting specific herbicide classes. Arising from the results of theoretical calculations, three mutants were prepared by site-directed mutagenesis and characterized by fluorescence analysis. Their adsorption and selective recognition ability were studied by an equilibrium-adsorption method. The S268C and S264K biomediators showed high sensitivity and resistance, respectively, to both triazine and urea classes of herbicides. When immobilized on a silicon septum, the biomediators were found to be highly stable, remaining so for at least 1-month at room temperature. The fluorescence properties were exploited and a reusable and portable multiarray optical biosensor for environmental monitoring was developed with limits of detection between 0.8 x 10(-11) and 3.0 x 10(-9), depending on the target analyte. In addition, biomediator regeneration without obvious deterioration in performance was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Giardi
- Institute of Crystallography, Area of Research of Rome, Department of Agrofood, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
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40
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Rea G, Esposito D, Damasso M, Serafini A, Margonelli A, Faraloni C, Torzillo G, Zanini A, Bertalan I, Johanningmeier U, Giardi MT. Ionizing radiation impacts photochemical quantum yield and oxygen evolution activity of Photosystem II in photosynthetic microorganisms. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 84:867-77. [DOI: 10.1080/09553000802460149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Sridharan A, Muthuswamy J, Pizziconi VB. Optoelectronic energy transfer at novel biohybrid interfaces using light harvesting complexes from Chloroflexus aurantiacus. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:6508-6516. [PMID: 19405485 DOI: 10.1021/la900112p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In nature, nanoscale supramolecular light harvesting complexes initiate the photosynthetic energy collection process at high quantum efficiencies. In this study, the distinctive antenna structure from Chloroflexus aurantiacusthe chlorosomeis assessed for potential exploitation in novel biohybrid optoelectronic devices. Electrochemical characterization of bacterial fragments containing intact chlorosomes with the photosynthetic apparatus show an increase in the charge storage density near the working electrode upon light stimulation and suggest that chlorosomes contribute approximately one-third of the overall photocurrent. Further, isolated chlorosomes (without additional photosynthetic components, e.g., reaction centers, biochemical mediators) produce a photocurrent (approximately 8-10 nA) under light saturation conditions. Correlative experiments indicate that the main chlorosome pigment, bacteriochlorophyll-c, contributes to the photocurrent via an oxidative mechanism. The results reported herein are the first to demonstrate that isolated chlorosomes (lipid-enclosed sacs of pigments) directly transduce light energy in an electrochemical manner, laying an alternative, biomimetic approach for designing photosensitized interfaces in biofuel cells and biomedical devices, such as bioenhanced retinal prosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arati Sridharan
- Harrington Department of Bioengineering, Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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42
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Isolation and purification assay of ex vivo photosystem II D1 protein toward integrated biointeraction analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 390:1195-202. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mallardi A, Giustini M, Lopez F, Dezi M, Venturoli G, Palazzo G. Functionality of Photosynthetic Reaction Centers in Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: Toward an Herbicide Biosensor. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:3304-14. [PMID: 17388474 DOI: 10.1021/jp068385g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial reaction center (RC), a membrane photosynthetic protein, has been adsorbed onto a glass surface by alternating deposition with the cationic polymer poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (PDDA) obtaining as an end result an ordinate polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) where the protein retains its integrity and photoactivity over a period of several months. Such a system has been characterized from the functional point of view by checking the protein photoactivity at different hydration conditions, from extensive drought to full hydration. The kinetic analysis of charge recombination indicates that incorporation of RCs into dehydrated PEM hinders the conformational dynamics gating QA- to QB electron-transfer leaving unchanged the protein relaxation that stabilizes the primary charge separated state P+QA-. The herbicide-induced inhibition of the QB activity was studied in some detail. By dipping the PEM in herbicide solutions for short times, kinetics of herbicide binding and release have been determined; binding isotherms have been studied using PEM immersed in herbicide solution. QB functionality of RC has been restored by rinsing the PEM with water, thus allowing the reuse of the same sample. This last point has been exploited to design a simple optical biosensor for herbicides. A suitable kinetic model has been proposed to describe the interplay between forward and back electron-transfer processes upon continuous illumination, and the use of the PDDA-RC multilayers in herbicide bioassays was successfully tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Mallardi
- Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, CNR, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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Bettazzi F, Laschi S, Mascini M. One-shot screen-printed thylakoid membrane-based biosensor for the detection of photosynthetic inhibitors in discrete samples. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 589:14-21. [PMID: 17397647 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 02/21/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Screen-printing technology offers the possibility to produce a large number of sensors at low cost. Thus, due to their intrinsic characteristics and reproducibility, screen-printed electrodes can be used in the development of disposable electrochemical devices. In the present work, carbon-based screen-printed electrodes (SPCEs) have been used to develop a one-shot-measure biosensor for the detection of photosynthetic inhibitors in discrete samples. The measurement was based on the electrochemical evaluation of the activity of photosystem II (PSII), a protein complex present in photosynthetic organisms and involved in the photosynthesis. The biosensor was prepared by the modification of the working electrode of a SPCE, using thylakoid membranes extracted from spinach leaves. The modified sensors were then used as one-shot system to measure the presence of PSII activity inhibitors in discrete standard solutions. The coupling of the developed biosensor with a custom-made cell made it possible to perform tests using only 50 microL of total sample volume with a measurement time of 10 min. Inhibition curves were recorded for some photosynthetic inhibitors in a concentration range of 10(-6) to 10(-8) molL(-1). A reproducibility (relative standard deviation, R.S.D.%) of 10% was found and the calculated limit of detections (LODs) were in the nanomolar range. The effect of storage on sensitivity and reproducibility of a biosensor prepared by direct lyophilisation of thylakoid membranes on the electrode surface was also evaluated, confirming the possible use of the modified sensor up to one week after the preparation. Measurements on real samples were also reported, comparing the results with those obtained using a fluorescence-based commercial instrument for the analysis of photosynthetic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bettazzi
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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Ventrella A, Catucci L, Villari V, Scolaro LM, Agostiano A. Focus on the aggregation processes of Photosystem II complexes. Bioelectrochemistry 2007; 70:33-8. [PMID: 16730478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2006.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work the effect of temperature and n-dodecyl-beta-d-maltoside (DM) on PSII complexes organization was investigated. An aggregation process of PSII monomers and dimers was documented at different temperatures and low DM concentration by steady-state fluorescence, absorption, circular dichroism, Rayleigh and dynamic light-scattering experiments. Measures of oxygen evolution enabled us to estimate the change in photoactivity of PSII during the aggregation. This process was found to be extensively reversed by increasing DM concentration as proved by means of steady-state fluorescence and dynamic light-scattering experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ventrella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Lebedev N, Trammell SA, Spano A, Lukashev E, Griva I, Schnur J. Conductive Wiring of Immobilized Photosynthetic Reaction Center to Electrode by Cytochrome c. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:12044-5. [PMID: 16967935 DOI: 10.1021/ja063367y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The photosynthetic reaction center (RC) found in photosynthetic bacteria is one of the most advanced photoelectronic devices developed by nature. However, after immobilization on the electrode surface, the efficiency of electron transfer (ET) between the RC and the electrode is relatively low. This inefficiency has limited the possibility of using the RC for technological applications. Here we show that photoinduced electron transfer between the immobilized RC and a gold electrode can be increased by several tens-fold by incorporation of cytochrome c into the RC-self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-electrode complex. The effect does not depend on the initial redox state of the cytochrome and seems to be the result of the formation of a complex between the RC and the cytochrome c serving as an ET wire. This observation opens the possibility for electrochemical analysis of the special pair in the RC protein that is deeply buried inside the protein globe and is barely electrically addressable from the electrode surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Lebedev
- Center for Bio/Molecular Sciences & Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, USA.
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Pennisi CP, Greenbaum E, Yoshida K. Electrostatics of photosynthetic reaction centers in membranes. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2006; 2006:4209-4212. [PMID: 17946611 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.260623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic reaction centers are integral membrane complexes. They have potential application as molecular photovoltaic structures and have been used in diverse technological applications. A three-dimensional electrostatic model of the photosystem I reaction center (PSI) embedded in a lipid membrane is presented. The potential is obtained by solving the Poisson-Boltzmann equation with the finite element method (FEM). Simulations showing the potential distribution in a vesicle containing PSI reaction centers under different conditions are presented. The results of the simulations are compared with previous findings and a possible application of PSI to provide light activation of voltage-gated ion channels is discussed.
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