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Nasiri T, Mokhtari M, Teimouri F, Abouee E. Remediation of metals and plastic from e-waste by iron mine indigenous acidophilic bacteria. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:894-902. [PMID: 36245414 PMCID: PMC10108327 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221126418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The growing consumption of electrical and electronic equipment leads to high amounts of electronic waste (e-waste), which is now considered the fastest-growing waste stream at the national and international levels. As well as being a potential secondary resource due to its precious metals content, e-waste also contains strategic metals and plastics. For instance, mobile phones have about 25-55% plastic substances. A few studies have been performed to investigate the potential of indigenous bacteria in metals' bioleaching from the polluted environment. Heterotrophic bioleaching potential in acidic conditions had been preliminarily investigated. Two soil types of iron ore were considered the source of indigenous bacteria. Despite the acidophilic nature of the bacterial consortium, they continued their leaching activity regardless of alkaline conditions. Maximum biorecovery rate related to copper (4%) responding to the main soil, owing to the higher copper content of mobile phone waste. Chromium had the least recovery rate (⩽0.002%). Overall, the maximum metal recovery rate was 4.7%, achieved by tailing heterotrophs at an e-waste loading of 10 g l-1. Statistical analysis had shown that there was no significant difference between the metal recovery rates and soil type or even the solid-liquid ratio (p > 0.05). Although acidophilic indigenous heterotrophs could not be an appropriate alternative for a large amount of metal recovery process, they might have considerable potential in the bioremediation of e-waste plastic fractions and metals in low concentrations simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fahimeh Teimouri
- Fahimeh Teimouri, Environmental Sciences
and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering,
School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Alem
Square, Sohadaye Ghomnam Avenue, Yazd 035, Iran.
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Feng Z, Zhu C, Meng Y, Wang Z. Preparation of highly selective polyether sulfone /polym-phenylenediamine membrane for recovery of Au(III) from aqueous solutions. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Chen T, Luo R, Liu Y, Ma L, Li Z, Tao C, Yang S, Wang J. Two-Dimensional Nanosheet-Enhanced Waterborne Polyurethane Eutectogels with Ultrastrength and Superelasticity for Sensitive Strain Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:40276-40285. [PMID: 36001388 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sensing materials that are ultrastrong but still superelastic and highly sensitive are crucial for meeting the requirements of future flexible sensors. However, these requirements are challenging to satisfy simultaneously due to the internal constraints among these properties. Here, an ultrastrong and superelastic eutectogel is designed and prepared using a waterborne polyurethane (WPU) network enhanced by two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets in a deep eutectic solvent. The 2D nanosheet-induced noncovalent cross-linking endows the prepared eutectogel with superelasticity and flexibility, and its elongation at break reaches 2071%, higher than those of most polymers (<1000%). Meanwhile, this eutectogel also exhibits a high tensile strength (21.6 MPa), which is strong enough to support 20 000 times its own weight. Such a composite design provides a feasible route for preparing eutectogels with outstanding comprehensive functions without trade-offs among these features. In addition, the eutectogel-assembled sensor possesses a high ionic conductivity of 0.225 S/m and a high strain sensitivity of 1.18 kPa-1. Furthermore, it can be integrated into the sensing arrays for multidimensional signal monitoring without diminishing its pristine strength and flexibility. Surprisingly, the eutectogel can be quickly disintegrated in ethanol due to the WPU's pseudoplastic behavior, providing a competitive way to dispose of waste electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiandi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Rong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yufu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Limin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhangpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Caihong Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shengrong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jinqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Butturi MA, Marinelli S, Gamberini R, Rimini B. Ecotoxicity of Plastics from Informal Waste Electric and Electronic Treatment and Recycling. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8040099. [PMID: 33171687 PMCID: PMC7712128 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Plastic materials account for about 20% of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). The recycling of this plastic fraction is a complex issue, heavily conditioned by the content of harmful additives, such as brominated flame retardants. Thus, the management and reprocessing of WEEE plastics pose environmental and human health concerns, mainly in developing countries, where informal recycling and disposal are practiced. The objective of this study was twofold. Firstly, it aimed to investigate some of the available options described in the literature for the re-use of WEEE plastic scraps in construction materials, a promising recycling route in the developing countries. Moreover, it presents an evaluation of the impact of these available end-of-life scenarios on the environment by means of the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. In order to consider worker health and human and ecological risks, the LCA analysis focuses on ecotoxicity more than on climate change. The LCA evaluation confirmed that the plastic re-use in the construction sector has a lower toxicity impact on the environment and human health than common landfilling and incineration practices. It also shows that the unregulated handling and dismantling activities, as well as the re-use practices, contribute significantly to the impact of WEEE plastic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angela Butturi
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.M.); (R.G.); (B.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: (+39)-0522-523-563
| | - Simona Marinelli
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.M.); (R.G.); (B.R.)
| | - Rita Gamberini
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.M.); (R.G.); (B.R.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center for Industrial Research and Technology Transfer in the Field of Integrated Technologies for Sustainable Research, Efficient Energy Conversion, Energy Efficiency of Buildings, Lighting and Home Automation, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Bianca Rimini
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.M.); (R.G.); (B.R.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center for Industrial Research and Technology Transfer in the Field of Integrated Technologies for Sustainable Research, Efficient Energy Conversion, Energy Efficiency of Buildings, Lighting and Home Automation, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10091120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Most electrical and electronic equipment contain a printed circuit board (PCB), which is the board on which microelectronic components are mounted. The PCBs of obsolete and discarded electrical and electronic equipment are a material of great value due to their high metal content that is of commercial importance (i.e., Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Ir, Ti, Ge, Si, Al, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Sn, As, and Pb). Hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical methods have been used to extract metals from PCBs; however, these methods have energy and environmental disadvantages, which is why in recent years sustainable alternatives have been sought. Among these alternatives are the biological methods that contemplate the use of microorganisms and plants to recover metals from PCBs. In this review, only studies specifying the use of bacteria, fungi, and plants in the recovery of metals from the PCBs of computers and cell phones were considered, since the metallic composition of these plates varies according to the electronic equipment. In addition, the challenges and recommendations for these biotechnological processes to be improved and implemented at the industrial level in the coming years are discussed.
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Yousefzadeh S, Yaghmaeian K, Mahvi AH, Nasseri S, Alavi N, Nabizadeh R. Comparative analysis of hydrometallurgical methods for the recovery of Cu from circuit boards: Optimization using response surface and selection of the best technique by two-step fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS method. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Son J, Hong Y, Han G, Nguyen TS, Yavuz CT, Han JI. Gold recovery using porphyrin-based polymer from electronic wastes: Gold desorption and adsorbent regeneration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135405. [PMID: 31806308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electronic wastes containing precious metals have great potential as a sustainable source of such metals. Separation and refining, however, remain complicated, and none of the existing technologies have yet experienced commercialization. A novel porphyrin-based porous polymer, named COP-180, was recently introduced as a powerful adsorbent option, especially for gold, and in this study, aspects of desorption and recovery of adsorbed gold and regeneration of the polymer were investigated. A hydrometallurgical method using non-cyanide leaching agents was developed, and an acid thiourea-based solution was found to be particularly suited for the method based on COP-180 with gold desorption efficiency of 97%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectra demonstrated the unaffected structure of COP-180 after desorption, implying the potential of its reuse. This high desorption efficiency was achieved even without typical aiding agents by means of a formamidine disulfide-mediated route that prevented thiourea consumption, which is considered a major drawback of the otherwise promising reagent. Using this method, the polymer was able to maintain more than 94% desorption efficiency after five times of regeneration. The results suggest that acid thiourea can offer a workable means of recovering gold particularly from the excellent gold-adsorbent of COP-180, and that repeated regeneration is also possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Son
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongran Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeol Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Thien S Nguyen
- Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Cafer T Yavuz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-In Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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