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Pak VN, Sherman IA. Comprehensive approach to cancer immunotherapy - Simultaneous targeting of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and cancer cells with AFP conjugates. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104407. [PMID: 38834093 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a pivotal role in combating diseases, including cancer, with monocytes emerging as key regulators of immune response dynamics. This article describes a novel strategy for cancer treatment centered on depleting myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), to enhance the overall immune response while simultaneously targeting cancer cells directly. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal protein that plays an important role in delivering nutrients to immature monocytes, embryonic, and cancer cells in a targeted manner. AFP can be repurposed, making it a vehicle for delivering toxins, rather than nutrients to kill cancer cells and deplete MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Depleting monocytes not only stimulates the immune system but also improves the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), often low in cancer patients. AFP combined with cytotoxic drugs, offers dual benefit-immune stimulation and targeted chemotherapy. Studies in xenograft models demonstrated high efficacy and safety of AFP-toxin conjugates, surpassing conventional targeted chemotherapy. Such conjugates have also been reported to provide superior efficacy and safety in cancer patients compared to chemotherapy. This approach, using AFP conjugated with toxins, either covalently or non-covalently, presents a safe and highly effective option for cancer immuno/chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Pak
- Omega Alpha Pharmaceuticals Inc., 795 Pharmacy Avenue, Toronto, On, M1L 3K2 Canada
| | - Igor A Sherman
- Alpha Cancer Technologies Inc., MaRS Discovery District, South Tower 200 - 101 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
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2
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Liu B, Zhou H, Tan L, Siu KTH, Guan XY. Exploring treatment options in cancer: Tumor treatment strategies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:175. [PMID: 39013849 PMCID: PMC11252281 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01856-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional therapeutic approaches such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy have burdened cancer patients with onerous physical and psychological challenges. Encouragingly, the landscape of tumor treatment has undergone a comprehensive and remarkable transformation. Emerging as fervently pursued modalities are small molecule targeted agents, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), cell-based therapies, and gene therapy. These cutting-edge treatment modalities not only afford personalized and precise tumor targeting, but also provide patients with enhanced therapeutic comfort and the potential to impede disease progression. Nonetheless, it is acknowledged that these therapeutic strategies still harbour untapped potential for further advancement. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the merits and limitations of these treatment modalities holds the promise of offering novel perspectives for clinical practice and foundational research endeavours. In this review, we discussed the different treatment modalities, including small molecule targeted drugs, peptide drugs, antibody drugs, cell therapy, and gene therapy. It will provide a detailed explanation of each method, addressing their status of development, clinical challenges, and potential solutions. The aim is to assist clinicians and researchers in gaining a deeper understanding of these diverse treatment options, enabling them to carry out effective treatment and advance their research more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Liu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Licheng Tan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kin To Hugo Siu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Pramotton FM, Spitz S, Kamm RD. Challenges and Future Perspectives in Modeling Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Organ-on-a-Chip Technology. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403892. [PMID: 38922799 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) affect more than 50 million people worldwide, posing a significant global health challenge as well as a high socioeconomic burden. With aging constituting one of the main risk factors for some NDDs such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), this societal toll is expected to rise considering the predicted increase in the aging population as well as the limited progress in the development of effective therapeutics. To address the high failure rates in clinical trials, legislative changes permitting the use of alternatives to traditional pre-clinical in vivo models are implemented. In this regard, microphysiological systems (MPS) such as organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platforms constitute a promising tool, due to their ability to mimic complex and human-specific tissue niches in vitro. This review summarizes the current progress in modeling NDDs using OoC technology and discusses five critical aspects still insufficiently addressed in OoC models to date. Taking these aspects into consideration in the future MPS will advance the modeling of NDDs in vitro and increase their translational value in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Michela Pramotton
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sarah Spitz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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4
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Li N, Geng S, Dong ZZ, Jin Y, Ying H, Li HW, Shi L. A new era of cancer immunotherapy: combining revolutionary technologies for enhanced CAR-M therapy. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:117. [PMID: 38824567 PMCID: PMC11143597 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant advancements have been made in the application of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T treatment for blood cancers during the previous ten years. However, its effectiveness in treating solid tumors is still lacking, necessitating the exploration of alternative immunotherapies that can overcome the significant challenges faced by current CAR-T cells. CAR-based immunotherapy against solid tumors shows promise with the emergence of macrophages, which possess robust phagocytic abilities, antigen-presenting functions, and the ability to modify the tumor microenvironment and stimulate adaptive responses. This paper presents a thorough examination of the latest progress in CAR-M therapy, covering both basic scientific studies and clinical trials. This study examines the primary obstacles hindering the realization of the complete potential of CAR-M therapy, as well as the potential strategies that can be employed to overcome these hurdles. With the emergence of revolutionary technologies like in situ genetic modification, synthetic biology techniques, and biomaterial-supported gene transfer, which provide a wider array of resources for manipulating tumor-associated macrophages, we suggest that combining these advanced methods will result in the creation of a new era of CAR-M therapy that demonstrates improved efficacy, safety, and availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Key lab of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Shinan Geng
- Key lab of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Dong
- Key lab of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Zhejiang Caner Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Hangjie Ying
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Zhejiang Caner Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Hung-Wing Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liyun Shi
- Key lab of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China.
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5
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Manafu Z, Du R, Kudereti T, Abulikemu G, Lakho SA, Xue L, Bierdelieke A, Khand FM, Leghari A, Xie Y, Abula S, Bake B, Guo Q, Wusiman A. Structure characterization and intestinal immune promotion effect of polysaccharide purified from Alhagi camelorum Fisch. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132077. [PMID: 38723832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the structure of acid Alhagi camelorum Fischa polysaccharide (aAP) and its impact on intestinal activity in mice. The results showed that aAP comprised of the fucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid with the molar ratio of 0.81:14.97:10.84:11.14:3.26:0.80:0.80:54.92:2.47 with the molecular weight (Mw) of 22.734 kDa. Additionally, the composition of aAP was assessed via FT-IR, methylation, and NMR analyses, indicating that the backbone of the aAP was consisted of →4)-α-D-GalpA-6-OMe-(1 → 4)-α-GalpA-(1 → and →4)-α-D-GalpA-6-OMe-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, as well as →4)-β-D-Galp- and →5)-α-L-Araf- for the branched chain. Furthermore, ICR mice underwent intragastric administration of different concentrations of aAP for 7 consecutive days. The results showed that aAP enhanced the murine spleen and thymus indices, promoted the secretion of serum lgG antibody, intestinal lgA antibody and intestinal cytokines, improved the morphology of intestinal villi and crypts, enhanced quantity of intestinal IELs and IgA+ cells, and activated T lymphocytes and DC cells in MLNs. In summary, these findings suggest that the utilization of aAP could enhance the immune response of the murine intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulikeyan Manafu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China; College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Ronglijiao Du
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Tuerhong Kudereti
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Gulimire Abulikemu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Shakeel Ahmed Lakho
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Science Sakrand, Sindh 67210, Pakistan
| | - Lijun Xue
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Ayibike Bierdelieke
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Faiz Muhammad Khand
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Science Sakrand, Sindh 67210, Pakistan
| | - Ambreen Leghari
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Science Sakrand, Sindh 67210, Pakistan
| | - Yuan Xie
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Saifuding Abula
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Bateer Bake
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Qingyong Guo
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Adelijiang Wusiman
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China.
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Pavlovic K, Carmona-Luque MD, Corsi GI, Maldonado-Pérez N, Molina-Estevez FJ, Peralbo-Santaella E, Cortijo-Gutiérrez M, Justicia-Lirio P, Tristán-Manzano M, Ronco-Díaz V, Ballesteros-Ribelles A, Millán-López A, Heredia-Velázquez P, Fuster-García C, Cathomen T, Seemann SE, Gorodkin J, Martin F, Herrera C, Benabdellah K. Generating universal anti-CD19 CAR T cells with a defined memory phenotype by CRISPR/Cas9 editing and safety evaluation of the transcriptome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1401683. [PMID: 38868778 PMCID: PMC11167079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1401683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chimeric antigen receptor-expressing T cells (CAR T cells) have revolutionized cancer treatment, particularly in B cell malignancies. However, the use of autologous T cells for CAR T therapy presents several limitations, including high costs, variable efficacy, and adverse effects linked to cell phenotype. Methods To overcome these challenges, we developed a strategy to generate universal and safe anti-CD19 CAR T cells with a defined memory phenotype. Our approach utilizes CRISPR/Cas9 technology to target and eliminate the B2M and TRAC genes, reducing graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft responses. Additionally, we selected less differentiated T cells to improve the stability and persistence of the universal CAR T cells. The safety of this method was assessed using our CRISPRroots transcriptome analysis pipeline, which ensures successful gene knockout and the absence of unintended off-target effects on gene expression or transcriptome sequence. Results In vitro experiments demonstrated the successful generation of functional universal CAR T cells. These cells exhibited potent lytic activity against tumor cells and a reduced cytokine secretion profile. The CRISPRroots analysis confirmed effective gene knockout and no unintended off-target effects, validating it as a pioneering tool for on/off-target and transcriptome analysis in genome editing experiments. Discussion Our findings establish a robust pipeline for manufacturing safe, universal CAR T cells with a favorable memory phenotype. This approach has the potential to address the current limitations of autologous CAR T cell therapy, offering a more stable and persistent treatment option with reduced adverse effects. The use of CRISPRroots enhances the reliability and safety of gene editing in the development of CAR T cell therapies. Conclusion We have developed a potent and reliable method for producing universal CAR T cells with a defined memory phenotype, demonstrating both efficacy and safety in vitro. This innovative approach could significantly improve the therapeutic landscape for patients with B cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pavlovic
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Cell Therapy Group, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research in Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - MDolores Carmona-Luque
- Cell Therapy Group, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research in Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Giulia I. Corsi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Denmark
| | - Noelia Maldonado-Pérez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Molina-Estevez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Peralbo-Santaella
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Marina Cortijo-Gutiérrez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro Justicia-Lirio
- LentiStem Biotech, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - María Tristán-Manzano
- LentiStem Biotech, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Víctor Ronco-Díaz
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Millán-López
- Cell Therapy Group, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research in Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Paula Heredia-Velázquez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carla Fuster-García
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan E. Seemann
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Denmark
| | - Jan Gorodkin
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Denmark
| | - Francisco Martin
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Concha Herrera
- Cell Therapy Group, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research in Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Karim Benabdellah
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
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Fowler JL, Zheng SL, Nguyen A, Chen A, Xiong X, Chai T, Chen JY, Karigane D, Banuelos AM, Niizuma K, Kayamori K, Nishimura T, Cromer MK, Gonzalez-Perez D, Mason C, Liu DD, Yilmaz L, Miquerol L, Porteus MH, Luca VC, Majeti R, Nakauchi H, Red-Horse K, Weissman IL, Ang LT, Loh KM. Lineage-tracing hematopoietic stem cell origins in vivo to efficiently make human HLF+ HOXA+ hematopoietic progenitors from pluripotent stem cells. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1110-1131.e22. [PMID: 38569552 PMCID: PMC11072092 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The developmental origin of blood-forming hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a longstanding question. Here, our non-invasive genetic lineage tracing in mouse embryos pinpoints that artery endothelial cells generate HSCs. Arteries are transiently competent to generate HSCs for 2.5 days (∼E8.5-E11) but subsequently cease, delimiting a narrow time frame for HSC formation in vivo. Guided by the arterial origins of blood, we efficiently and rapidly differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into posterior primitive streak, lateral mesoderm, artery endothelium, hemogenic endothelium, and >90% pure hematopoietic progenitors within 10 days. hPSC-derived hematopoietic progenitors generate T, B, NK, erythroid, and myeloid cells in vitro and, critically, express hallmark HSC transcription factors HLF and HOXA5-HOXA10, which were previously challenging to upregulate. We differentiated hPSCs into highly enriched HLF+ HOXA+ hematopoietic progenitors with near-stoichiometric efficiency by blocking formation of unwanted lineages at each differentiation step. hPSC-derived HLF+ HOXA+ hematopoietic progenitors could avail both basic research and cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas L Fowler
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sherry Li Zheng
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alana Nguyen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Angela Chen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiaochen Xiong
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Timothy Chai
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julie Y Chen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daiki Karigane
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Allison M Banuelos
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kouta Niizuma
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kensuke Kayamori
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Toshinobu Nishimura
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M Kyle Cromer
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Charlotte Mason
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Daniel Dan Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leyla Yilmaz
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lucile Miquerol
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7288, IBDM, Marseille 13288, France
| | - Matthew H Porteus
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vincent C Luca
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lay Teng Ang
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Kyle M Loh
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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8
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Xie DK, Yao J, Li PH, Zhu YW, Chen JN, Cao XL, Cheng SL, Chen YM, Huang YF, Wang L, Wang ZH, Qiao R, Ge JM, Yue H, Wei L, Liu ZY, Han H, Qin HY, Zhao JL. Phenotypic comparison and the potential antitumor function of immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs). Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379853. [PMID: 38650937 PMCID: PMC11033405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Macrophages are an important component of innate immunity and involved in the immune regulation of multiple diseases. The functional diversity and plasticity make macrophages to exhibit different polarization phenotypes after different stimuli. During tumor progression, the M2-like polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumor progression by assisting immune escape, facilitating tumor cell metastasis, and switching tumor angiogenesis. Our previous studies demonstrated that functional remodeling of TAMs through engineered-modifying or gene-editing provides the potential immunotherapy for tumor. However, lack of proliferation capacity and maintained immune memory of infused macrophages restricts the application of macrophage-based therapeutic strategies in the repressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Although J2 retrovirus infection enabled immortalization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs) and facilitated the mechanisms exploration and application, little is known about the phenotypic and functional differences among multi kinds of macrophages. Methods HE staining was used to detect the biosafety of iBMDMs, and real-time quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence staining, and ELISA were used to detect the polarization response and expression of chemokines in iBMDMs. Flow cytometry, scratch assay, real-time quantitative PCR, and crystal violet staining were used to analyze its phagocytic function, as well as its impact on tumor cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Not only that, the inhibitory effect of iBMDMs on tumor growth was detected through subcutaneous tumor loading, while the tumor tissue was paraffin sectioned and flow cytometry was used to detect its impact on the tumor microenvironment. Results In this study, we demonstrated iBMDMs exhibited the features of rapid proliferation and long-term survival. We also compared iBMDMs with RAW264.7 cell line and mouse primary BMDMs with in vitro and in vivo experiments, indicating that the iBMDMs could undergo the same polarization response as normal macrophages with no obvious cellular morphology changes after polarization. What's more, iBMDMs owned stronger phagocytosis and pro-apoptosis functions on tumor cells. In addition, M1-polarized iBMDMs could maintain the anti-tumor phenotypes and domesticated the recruited macrophages of receptor mice, which further improved the TIME and repressed tumor growth. Discussion iBMDMs can serve as a good object for the function and mechanism study of macrophages and the optional source of macrophage immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-kun Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jin Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng-hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan-wen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jia-nuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiu-li Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shi-lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ya-miao Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi-fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zan-han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jia-mei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huan Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhong-yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hong-yan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun-long Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Jia W, Shen X, Guo Z, Cheng X, Zhao R. The future of cancer vaccines against colorectal cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2024; 24:269-284. [PMID: 38644655 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2024.2341744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most lethal malignancy worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) benefit only 15% of patients with mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability (dMMR/MSI) CRC. The majority of patients are not suitable due to insufficient immune infiltration. Cancer vaccines are a potential approach for inducing tumor-specific immunity within the solid tumor microenvironment. AREA COVERED In this review, we have provided an overview of the current progress in CRC vaccines over the past three years and briefly depict promising directions for further exploration. EXPERT OPINION Cancer vaccines are certainly a promising field for the antitumor treatment against CRC. Compared to monotherapy, cancer vaccines are more appropriate as adjuvants to standard treatment, especially in combination with ICI blockade, for microsatellite stable patients. Improved vaccine construction requires neoantigens with sufficient immunogenicity, satisfactory HLA-binding affinity, and an ideal delivery platform with perfect lymph node retention and minimal off-target effects. Prophylactic vaccines that potentially prevent CRC carcinogenesis are also worth investigating. The exploration of appropriate biomarkers for cancer vaccines may benefit prognostic prediction analysis and therapeutic response prediction in patients with CRC. Although many challenges remain, CRC vaccines represent an exciting area of research that may become an effective addition to current guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zichao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang M, Wan Q, Wang C, Jing Q, Nie Y, Zhang X, Chen X, Yang D, Pan R, Li L, Zhu L, Gui H, Chen S, Deng Y, Chen T, Nie Y. Combinational delivery of TLR4 and TLR7/8 agonist enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors to colon tumor. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04966-6. [PMID: 38507020 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is regarded as a potent cancer treatment, with DC vaccines playing a crucial role. Although clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of DC vaccines, loading antigens in vitro is challenging, and their therapeutic effects remain unpredictable. Moreover, the diverse subtypes and maturity states of DCs in the body could induce both immune responses and immune tolerance, potentially affecting the vaccine's efficacy. Hence, the optimization of DC vaccines remains imperative. Our study discovered a new therapeutic strategy by using CT26 and MC38 mouse colon cancer models, as well as LLC mouse lung cancer models. The strategy involved the synergistic activation of DCs through intertumoral administration of TLR4 agonist high-mobility group nucleosome binding protein 1 (HMGN1) and TLR7/8 agonist (R848/resiquimod), combined with intraperitoneal administration of TNFR2 immunosuppressant antibody. The experimental results indicated that the combined use of HMGN1, R848, and α-TNFR2 had no effect on LLC cold tumors. However, it was effective in eradicating CT26 and MC38 colon cancer and inducing long-term immune memory. The combination of these three drugs altered the TME and promoted an increase in anti-tumor immune components. This may provide a promising new treatment strategy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Wang
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Quan Wan
- School of Preclinical Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Chenglv Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Qianyu Jing
- School of Preclinical Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Yujie Nie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, SAR, China
| | - De Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Runsang Pan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Linzhao Li
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lan Zhu
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Huan Gui
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shuanghui Chen
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuezhen Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease at People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yingjie Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518053, China.
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Jiang F, Wang J, Ren Z, Hu Y, Wang B, Li M, Yu J, Tang J, Guo G, Cheng Y, Han P, Shen H. Targeted Light-Induced Immunomodulatory Strategy for Implant-Associated Infections via Reversing Biofilm-Mediated Immunosuppression. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6990-7010. [PMID: 38385433 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The clinical treatment efficacy for implant-associated infections (IAIs), particularly those caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), remains unsatisfactory, primarily due to the formation of biofilm barriers and the resulting immunosuppressive microenvironment, leading to the chronicity and recurrence of IAIs. To address this challenge, we propose a light-induced immune enhancement strategy, synthesizing BSA@MnO2@Ce6@Van (BMCV). The BMCV exhibits precise targeting and adhesion to the S. aureus biofilm-infected region, coupled with its capacity to catalyze oxygen generation from H2O2 in the hypoxic and acidic biofilm microenvironment (BME), promoting oxygen-dependent photodynamic therapy efficacy while ensuring continuous release of manganese ions. Notably, targeted BMCV can penetrate biofilms, producing ROS that degrade extracellular DNA, disrupting the biofilm structure and impairing its barrier function, making it vulnerable to infiltration and elimination by the immune system. Furthermore, light-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) around the biofilm can lyse S. aureus, triggering bacterium-like immunogenic cell death (ICD), releasing abundant immune costimulatory factors, facilitating the recognition and maturation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activating adaptive immunity. Additionally, manganese ions in the BME act as immunoadjuvants, further amplifying macrophage-mediated innate and adaptive immune responses and reversing the immunologically cold BME to an immunologically hot BME. We prove that our synthesized BMCV elicits a robust adaptive immune response in vivo, effectively clearing primary IAIs and inducing long-term immune memory to prevent recurrence. Our study introduces a potent light-induced immunomodulatory nanoplatform capable of reversing the biofilm-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment and disrupting biofilm-mediated protective barriers, offering a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for addressing challenging S. aureus IAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zun Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yujie Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Boyong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Mingzhang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jinlong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Geyong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yingsheng Cheng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
- Department of Imaging Medicine and Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Pei Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
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12
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Jiang JH, Ren RT, Cheng YJ, Li XX, Zhang GR. Immune cells and RBCs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells: method, progress, prospective challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1327466. [PMID: 38250324 PMCID: PMC10796611 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1327466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood has an important role in the healthcare system, particularly in blood transfusions and immunotherapy. However, the occurrence of outbreaks of infectious diseases worldwide and seasonal fluctuations, blood shortages are becoming a major challenge. Moreover, the narrow specificity of immune cells hinders the widespread application of immune cell therapy. To address this issue, researchers are actively developing strategies for differentiating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into blood cells in vitro. The establishment of iPSCs from terminally differentiated cells such as fibroblasts and blood cells is a straightforward process. However, there is need for further refinement of the protocols for differentiating iPSCs into immune cells and red blood cells to ensure their clinical applicability. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the strategies and challenges facing the generation of iPSC-derived immune cells and red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-he Jiang
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ru-tong Ren
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan-jie Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Xin-xin Li
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Gui-rong Zhang
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
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13
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Han H, Chen BT, Liu Y, Wang Y, Xing L, Wang H, Zhou TJ, Jiang HL. Engineered stem cell-based strategy: A new paradigm of next-generation stem cell product in regenerative medicine. J Control Release 2024; 365:981-1003. [PMID: 38123072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have garnered significant attention in regenerative medicine owing to their abilities of multi-directional differentiation and self-renewal. Despite these encouraging results, the market for stem cell products yields limited, which is largely due to the challenges faced to the safety and viability of stem cells in vivo. Besides, the fate of cells re-infusion into the body unknown is also a major obstacle to stem cell therapy. Actually, both the functional protection and the fate tracking of stem cells are essential in tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration. Recent studies have utilized cell engineering techniques to modify stem cells for enhancing their treatment efficiency or imparting them with novel biological capabilities, in which advances demonstrate the immense potential of engineered cell therapy. In this review, we proposed that the "engineered stem cells" are expected to represent the next generation of stem cell therapies and reviewed recent progress in this area. We also discussed potential applications of engineered stem cells and highlighted the most common challenges that must be addressed. Overall, this review has important guiding significance for the future design of new paradigms of stem cell products to improve their therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Bi-Te Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
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Chen Z, Hu Y, Mei H. Advances in CAR-Engineered Immune Cell Generation: Engineering Approaches and Sourcing Strategies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303215. [PMID: 37906032 PMCID: PMC10724421 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a highly efficacious treatment modality for refractory and relapsed hematopoietic malignancies in recent years. Furthermore, CAR technologies for cancer immunotherapy have expanded from CAR-T to CAR-natural killer cell (CAR-NK), CAR-cytokine-induced killer cell (CAR-CIK), and CAR-macrophage (CAR-MΦ) therapy. Nevertheless, the high cost and complex manufacturing processes of ex vivo generation of autologous CAR products have hampered broader application. There is an urgent need to develop an efficient and economical paradigm shift for exploring new sourcing strategies and engineering approaches toward generating CAR-engineered immune cells to benefit cancer patients. Currently, researchers are actively investigating various strategies to optimize the preparation and sourcing of these potent immunotherapeutic agents. In this work, the latest research progress is summarized. Perspectives on the future of CAR-engineered immune cell manufacturing are provided, and the engineering approaches, and diverse sources used for their development are focused upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Chen
- Institute of HematologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology1277 Jiefang AvenueWuhanHubei430022China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic DiseaseWuhan430022China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of HematologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology1277 Jiefang AvenueWuhanHubei430022China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic DiseaseWuhan430022China
| | - Heng Mei
- Institute of HematologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology1277 Jiefang AvenueWuhanHubei430022China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic DiseaseWuhan430022China
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15
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Aizaz M, Khan A, Khan F, Khan M, Musad Saleh EA, Nisar M, Baran N. The cross-talk between macrophages and tumor cells as a target for cancer treatment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1259034. [PMID: 38033495 PMCID: PMC10682792 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1259034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages represent an important component of the innate immune system. Under physiological conditions, macrophages, which are essential phagocytes, maintain a proinflammatory response and repair damaged tissue. However, these processes are often impaired upon tumorigenesis, in which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) protect and support the growth, proliferation, and invasion of tumor cells and promote suppression of antitumor immunity. TAM abundance is closely associated with poor outcome of cancer, with impediment of chemotherapy effectiveness and ultimately a dismal therapy response and inferior overall survival. Thus, cross-talk between cancer cells and TAMs is an important target for immune checkpoint therapies and metabolic interventions, spurring interest in it as a therapeutic vulnerability for both hematological cancers and solid tumors. Furthermore, targeting of this cross-talk has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment with the antibody against CD47 protein, a critical macrophage checkpoint recognized as the "don't eat me" signal, as well as other metabolism-focused strategies. Therapies targeting CD47 constitute an important milestone in the advancement of anticancer research and have had promising effects on not only phagocytosis activation but also innate and adaptive immune system activation, effectively counteracting tumor cells' evasion of therapy as shown in the context of myeloid cancers. Targeting of CD47 signaling is only one of several possibilities to reverse the immunosuppressive and tumor-protective tumor environment with the aim of enhancing the antitumor response. Several preclinical studies identified signaling pathways that regulate the recruitment, polarization, or metabolism of TAMs. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of macrophages in cancer progression and the mechanisms by which they communicate with tumor cells. Additionally, we dissect various therapeutic strategies developed to target macrophage-tumor cell cross-talk, including modulation of macrophage polarization, blockade of signaling pathways, and disruption of physical interactions between leukemia cells and macrophages. Finally, we highlight the challenges associated with tumor hypoxia and acidosis as barriers to effective cancer therapy and discuss opportunities for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aizaz
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Aakif Khan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Khan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maria Khan
- Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ebraheem Abdu Musad Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryum Nisar
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Natalia Baran
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Shoda H, Natsumoto B, Fujio K. Investigation of immune-related diseases using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:51. [PMID: 37876023 PMCID: PMC10594759 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise pathogenesis of immune-related diseases remains unclear, and new effective therapeutic choices are required for the induction of remission or cure in these diseases. Basic research utilizing immune-related disease patient-derived induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is expected to be a promising platform for elucidating the pathogenesis of the diseases and for drug discovery. Since autoinflammatory diseases are usually monogenic, genetic mutations affect the cell function and patient-derived iPS cells tend to exhibit disease-specific phenotypes. In particular, iPS cell-derived monocytic cells and macrophages can be used for functional experiments, such as inflammatory cytokine production, and are often employed in research on patients with autoinflammatory diseases.On the other hand, the utilization of disease-specific iPS cells is less successful for research on autoimmune diseases. One reason for this is that autoimmune diseases are usually polygenic, which makes it challenging to determine which factors cause the phenotypes of patient-derived iPS cells are caused by. Another reason is that protocols for differentiating some lymphocytes associated with autoimmunity, such as CD4+T cells or B cells, from iPS cells have not been well established. Nevertheless, several groups have reported studies utilizing autoimmune disease patient-derived iPS cells, including patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and systemic sclerosis. Particularly, non-hematopoietic cells, such as fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, differentiated from autoimmune patient-derived iPS cells have shown promising results for further research into the pathogenesis. Recently, our groups established a method for differentiating dendritic cells that produce interferon-alpha, which can be applied as an SLE pathological model. In summary, patient-derived iPS cells can provide a promising platform for pathological research and new drug discovery in the field of immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Shoda
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Bunki Natsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Keishi Fujio
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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Fransen LFH, Leonard MO. Induced pluripotent and CD34+ stem cell derived myeloid cells display differential responses to particle and dust mite exposure. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9375. [PMID: 37296179 PMCID: PMC10256772 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cells form an essential component of initial responses to environmental hazards and toxic exposures. The ability to model these responses in vitro is central to efforts tasked with identifying hazardous materials and understanding mechanisms of injury and disease. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived cells have been suggested as alternatives to more established primary cell testing systems for these purposes. iPSC derived macrophage and dendritic like cells were compared to CD34+ haematopoietic stem cell derived populations using transcriptomic analysis. Using single cell sequencing-based characterisation of iPSC derived myeloid cells, we identified transitional, mature and M2 like macrophages as well as dendritic like antigen presenting cells and fibrocytes. Direct transcriptomic comparisons between iPSC and CD34+ cell derived populations revealed higher expression of myeloid differentiation genes such as MNDA, CSF1R and CSF2RB in CD34+ cells, while iPSC populations had higher fibroblastic and proliferative markers. Exposure of differentiated macrophage populations to nanoparticle alone or in combination with dust mite, resulted in differential gene expression on combination only, with responses markedly absent in iPSC compared to CD34+ derived cells. The lack of responsiveness in iPSC derived cells may be attributable to lower levels of dust mite component receptors CD14, TLR4, CLEC7A and CD36. In summary, iPSC derived myeloid cells display typical characteristics of immune cells but may lack a fully mature phenotype to adequately respond to environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie F H Fransen
- Toxicology Department, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Martin O Leonard
- Toxicology Department, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK.
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