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Thangadurai S, Majkut M, Milgram J, Zaslansky P, Shahar R, Raguin E. Focused ion beam-SEM 3D study of osteodentin in the teeth of the Atlantic wolfish Anarhichas lupus. J Struct Biol 2024; 216:108062. [PMID: 38224900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2024.108062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The palette of mineralized tissues in fish is wide, and this is particularly apparent in fish dentin. While the teeth of all vertebrates except fish contain a single dentinal tissue type, called orthodentin, dentin in the teeth of fish can be one of several different tissue types. The most common dentin type in fish is orthodentin. Orthodentin is characterized by several key structural features that are fundamentally different from those of bone and from those of osteodentin. Osteodentin, the second-most common dentin type in fish (based on the tiny fraction of fish species out of ∼30,000 extant fish species in which tooth structure was so far studied), is found in most Selachians (sharks and rays) as well as in several teleost species, and is structurally different from orthodentin. Here we examine the hypothesis that osteodentin is similar to anosteocytic bone tissue in terms of its micro- and nano-structure. We use Focused Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB/SEM), as well as several other high-resolution imaging techniques, to characterize the 3D architecture of the three main components of osteodentin (denteons, inter-denteonal matrix, and the transition zone between them). We show that the matrix of osteodentin, although acellular, is extremely similar to mammalian osteonal bone matrix, both in general morphology and in the three-dimensional nano-arrangement of its mineralized collagen fibrils. We also document the presence of a complex network of nano-channels, similar to such networks recently described in bone. Finally, we document the presence of strings of hyper-mineralized small 'pearls' which surround the denteonal canals, and characterize their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Thangadurai
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marta Majkut
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID 19, Grenoble, France
| | - Joshua Milgram
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Paul Zaslansky
- Department for Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ron Shahar
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Emeline Raguin
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany
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Huang R, Tang L, Li R, Li Y, Zhan L, Huang X. Tooth pattern, development, and replacement in the yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. J Morphol 2024; 285:e21657. [PMID: 38100745 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Studies of teleost teeth are important for understanding the evolution and mechanisms of tooth development, replacement, and regeneration. Here, we used gross specimens, microcomputed tomography, and histological analysis to characterize tooth structure, development, and resorption patterns in adult Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The oral and pharyngeal teeth are villiform and conical. Multiple rows of dentition are densely distributed and the tooth germ is derived from the epithelium. P. fulvidraco exhibits a discontinuous and non-permanent dental lamina. Epithelial cells surround the teeth and are separated into distinct tooth units by mesenchymal tissue. Tooth development is completed in the form of independent tooth units. P. fulvidraco does not undergo simultaneous tooth replacement. Based on tooth development and resorption status, five forms of teeth are present in adult P. fulvidraco: developing tooth germs, accompanied by relatively immature tooth germs; mature and well-mineralized tooth accompanied by one tooth germ; teeth that have begun resorption, but not completely fractured; fractured teeth with only residual attachment to the underlying bone; and teeth that are completely resorbed and detached. Seven biological stages of a tooth in P. fulvidraco were also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Zhan
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Tang L, Li Y, Li R, Tao X, Huang X. Gradient Magnesium Content Affects Nanomechanics via Decreasing the Size and Crystallinity of Nanoparticles of Pseudoosteodentine of the Pacific Cutlassfish, Trichiurus lepturus Teeth. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39214-39223. [PMID: 36340077 PMCID: PMC9631885 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The formation of biomaterials such as enamel, dentin, and bone is important for many organisms, and the mechanical properties of biomaterials are affected by a wide range of structural and chemical factors. Special dentins exist in extant aquatic gnathostomes, and many more are present in fossils. When a layer of compact orthodentine surrounds the porous osteodentine core in the crown, the composite dentin is called pseudoosteodentine. Using various high-resolution analytical techniques, including micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and nanoindentation, we analyzed the micro- and nanostructures, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of pseudoosteodentine in the Pacific cutlassfish, Trichiurus lepturus teeth. Nanoscale oval-shaped hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals were distributed in a disordered manner in the pseudoosteodentine, and a cross-sectional analysis showed that the mineral crystallinity and crystalline particle size of the outer orthodentine were greater than those of middle and inner osteodentine. Moreover, the outer orthodentine comprised a mixture of smaller crystals and larger, more mature crystals. The nano-hardness and nano-stiffness of outer orthodentine were significantly higher than those of middle and inner osteodentine along a radical direction. The hardness and stiffness of pseudoosteodentine were inversely proportional to its magnesium (Mg) content. These data are consistent with the concept that Mg delays crystal maturation. The crystal size, crystallinity, nano-hardness, and nano-stiffness of pseudoosteodentine all decreased commensurately with the increase of its Mg concentration. The pseudoosteodentine of T. lepturus also can be regarded as a functional gradient material (FGM) because its mechanical properties are closely related to its chemical composition and nanostructure. Special pseudoosteodentine may therefore serve as a design standard for biomimetic synthetic mineral composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- Department
of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital,
Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Department
of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital
of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266005, China
- School
of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Immunology
Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Department
of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital,
Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Immunology
Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Department
of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital,
Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Immunology
Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xingfu Tao
- National
Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department
of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital,
Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Immunology
Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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