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Thangadurai S, Majkut M, Milgram J, Zaslansky P, Shahar R, Raguin E. Focused ion beam-SEM 3D study of osteodentin in the teeth of the Atlantic wolfish Anarhichas lupus. J Struct Biol 2024; 216:108062. [PMID: 38224900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2024.108062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The palette of mineralized tissues in fish is wide, and this is particularly apparent in fish dentin. While the teeth of all vertebrates except fish contain a single dentinal tissue type, called orthodentin, dentin in the teeth of fish can be one of several different tissue types. The most common dentin type in fish is orthodentin. Orthodentin is characterized by several key structural features that are fundamentally different from those of bone and from those of osteodentin. Osteodentin, the second-most common dentin type in fish (based on the tiny fraction of fish species out of ∼30,000 extant fish species in which tooth structure was so far studied), is found in most Selachians (sharks and rays) as well as in several teleost species, and is structurally different from orthodentin. Here we examine the hypothesis that osteodentin is similar to anosteocytic bone tissue in terms of its micro- and nano-structure. We use Focused Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB/SEM), as well as several other high-resolution imaging techniques, to characterize the 3D architecture of the three main components of osteodentin (denteons, inter-denteonal matrix, and the transition zone between them). We show that the matrix of osteodentin, although acellular, is extremely similar to mammalian osteonal bone matrix, both in general morphology and in the three-dimensional nano-arrangement of its mineralized collagen fibrils. We also document the presence of a complex network of nano-channels, similar to such networks recently described in bone. Finally, we document the presence of strings of hyper-mineralized small 'pearls' which surround the denteonal canals, and characterize their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Thangadurai
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marta Majkut
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID 19, Grenoble, France
| | - Joshua Milgram
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Paul Zaslansky
- Department for Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ron Shahar
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Emeline Raguin
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany
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Kk S, Persson F, Fritzsche J, Beech JP, Tegenfeldt JO, Westerlund F. Fluorescence Microscopy of Nanochannel-Confined DNA. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2694:175-202. [PMID: 37824005 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3377-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Stretching of DNA in nanoscale confinement allows for several important studies. The genetic contents of the DNA can be visualized on the single DNA molecule level, and the polymer physics of confined DNA and also DNA/protein and other DNA/DNA-binding molecule interactions can be explored. This chapter describes the basic steps to fabricate the nanostructures, perform the experiments, and analyze the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Kk
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Joachim Fritzsche
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jason P Beech
- NanoLund and Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Fredrik Westerlund
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Hu Z, Wang H, Chen H, Fan GC, Luo X. Target-triggered cascade signal amplification in nanochannels: An ingenious strategy for ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical DNA bioanalysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 242:115724. [PMID: 37801836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Artificial solid-state nanochannels have aroused intense interests in biosensors and bioelectronics because of their special architectures. Herein, we pioneered an ingenious approach of target-triggered cascade signal amplification in porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanochannels for ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) DNA bioanalysis. In the design, AAO nanochannels were modified initially with capture DNA (cDNA) and then incorporated with a photoelectrode, yielding the desired architecture of highly ordered nanoarrays on top of the signal transducer. For target DNA (tDNA) probing, exonuclease III (Exo-III) mediated target recycling (ETR) was first activated to generate plenty of output DNA (oDNA) fragments. After oDNA and the conjugate of Au-labeled probe DNA (Au-pDNA) were anchored within the nanochannels via DNA hybridization, in-situ synthesis of Ag shells on tethered Au nanoparticles was conducted. The resulting large-sized Au@Ag core-shell nanostructure within the nanochannels would cause conspicuous blocking effect to hinder the transportation of electrons accessing the photoelectrode. Since the signal inhibition was directly related to tDNA concentration, an innovative nanochannels PEC DNA assay was exploited and qualified for ultrasensitive detection. The anti-interference ability of this platform was also emphasized by the split AAO membrane for biological incubation without participation of the photoelectrode. This featured nanochannels PEC strategy with cascade amplification launched a novel detecting platform for trace levels of DNA, and it could spark more inspiration for a follow-up exploration of other smart nanochannels PEC bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Gao-Chao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Xiliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
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Shaw P, Wood E, Tang T, Berg P. Comment on "Breakdown of electroneutrality in nanopores". J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1285-1289. [PMID: 37478745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Levy et al. [1] reported the breakdown of electroneutrality in confined nanopores embedded in a dielectric medium. A Robin boundary condition was derived which eliminates the need to include the dielectric medium explicitly when solving for the electric field within the nanopore. In this comment, we point out issues related to the approximations made during the derivation of the boundary condition. The errors caused by the use of this boundary condition can be significant even for nanochannels of large aspect (length to radius) ratio, a condition on which the approximations in Levy et al. [1] are based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Shaw
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ethan Wood
- Department of Science, Augustana Faculty, University of Alberta, Camrose, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tian Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter Berg
- Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
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Qiao N, Li Z, Zhang Z, Guo H, Liao J, Lu W, Li C. Effect of membrane thermal conductivity on ion current rectification in conical nanochannels under asymmetric temperature. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341724. [PMID: 37709465 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, there have been extensively theoretical studies on the phenomenon of ion current rectification (ICR) induced by the asymmetric electrical double layer (EDL). As a key factor influencing the behavior of ion transport, temperature is given high priority by researchers. The thermal conductivity of the material commonly employed to prepare nanopores is 2-3 times higher than that of liquid solutions, which may affect ion transport within the nanochannel. However, it is often neglected in previous studies. Thus, we investigate the effect of membrane thermal conductivity on the ICR in conical nanochannels under asymmetric temperature. Based on the PNP-NS theoretical model, the ion current, the rectification ratio, as well as the temperature and ion concentration distributions along the nanochannel are calculated. It is found that the thermal conductivity of the solid membrane noticeably affects the temperature distribution across the nanochannel, altering the ion transport behavior. Larger membrane thermal conductivity tends to homogenize the temperature distribution in the nanochannel, leading to a decline of ionic thermal down-diffusion by a positive temperature difference and ionic thermal up-diffusion by a negative temperature difference, with the former promoting and the latter inhibiting ion current. As a result, the rectification ratio decreases under the positive temperature difference and increases under the negative temperature difference as the thermal conductivity of the membrane increases. These studies will be instructive for the design of nanofluidic diodes and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qiao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Zhenquan Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Hengyi Guo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Jiaqiang Liao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Wei Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Changzheng Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
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Valero-Calvo D, Toyos-Rodriguez C, García-Alonso FJ, de la Escosura-Muñiz A. Electrochemical monitoring of enzymatic cleavage in nanochannels with nanoparticle-based enhancement: determination of MMP-9 biomarker. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:257. [PMID: 37303001 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For the first time the use of nanoparticles as carriers of an enzymatic substrate immobilized inside nanoporous alumina membranes is proposed with the aim of amplifying the nanochannel blocking produced and, consequently, improving the efficiency of an enzyme determination through enzymatic cleavage. Streptavidin-modified polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) are proposed as carrier agents, contributing to the steric and the electrostatic blockage due to the charge they present at different pH values. Electrostatic blockage is the predominant effect that governs the blockage in the interior of the nanochannel and is dependent not just in the charge inside the channel, but also in the polarity of the redox indicator used. Hence, the effect of using negatively charged ([Fe(CN)6]4-) and positively charged ([Ru(NH3)6]3+) redox indicator ions is studied for the first time. Under the optimum conditions, matrix-metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is detected at clinically relevant levels (100-1200 ng/mL) showing a detection limit of 75 ng/mL and a quantification limit of 251 ng/mL with good reproducibility (RSD: 8%) and selectivity, also showing an excellent performance in real samples with acceptable recovery percentages (in the range around 80-110%). Overall, our approach represents a cheap and fast sensing methodology of great potential in point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Valero-Calvo
- NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Claveria 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Biotechnology Institute of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Santiago Gascon Building, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Celia Toyos-Rodriguez
- NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Claveria 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Biotechnology Institute of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Santiago Gascon Building, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier García-Alonso
- Biotechnology Institute of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Santiago Gascon Building, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alfredo de la Escosura-Muñiz
- NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Claveria 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
- Biotechnology Institute of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Santiago Gascon Building, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
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Cervera J, Ramirez P, Nasir S, Ali M, Ensinger W, Siwy ZS, Mafe S. Cation pumping against a concentration gradient in conical nanopores characterized by load capacitors. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 152:108445. [PMID: 37086711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
We study the cation transport against an external concentration gradient (cation pumping) that occurs in conical nanopores when zero-average oscillatory and white noise potentials are externally applied. This pumping, based on the electrically asymmetric nanostructure, is characterized here by a load capacitor arrangement. In the case of white noise signals, the conical nanopore acts as an electrical valve that allows extraction of order from chaos. No molecular carriers, specific ion pumps, and competitive ion-binding phenomena are required. The nanopore conductance on/off states mimic those of the voltage-gated ion channels in the cell membrane. These channels allow modulating membrane potentials and ionic concentration gradients along oscillatory pulses in circadian rhythms and the cell cycle. We show that the combination of asymmetric nanostructures with load capacitors can be useful for the understanding of nanofluidic processes based on bioelectrochemical gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cervera
- Departament de Física de la Terra i Termodinàmica, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Patricio Ramirez
- Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, E-46022 València, Spain
| | - Saima Nasir
- Materials Research Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany; Department of Material- and Geo-Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Mubarak Ali
- Materials Research Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany; Department of Material- and Geo-Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ensinger
- Department of Material- and Geo-Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Zuzanna S Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Salvador Mafe
- Departament de Física de la Terra i Termodinàmica, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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Xue W, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Zhang H. Combining bioinspired nanochannels with ferrocene doped MoS 2 nanoplates: Application to ratiometric electrochemical detection of let-7a. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1239:340690. [PMID: 36628709 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive and accurate detection of tumor suppressor genes is vastly important to the related therapeutic research. Herein, a ratiometric electrochemical method for let-7a detection was established by integrating a ferrocene (Fc) doped MoS2 nanoplates modified electrode into the nanochannels-based biosensing platform. The ratiometric signal was developed by the redox current of methylene blue (MB) which reflects the target recognition occurred into the nanochannels and the redox current of Fc which corrects the slight signal deviation caused by some analyte-independent factors. And thus, the ratio of peak current of MB and Fc (IMB/IFc) measured at differential pulse voltammogram varied precisely with the increment of the concentration of let-7a incubated in the bioinspired nanochannels. The strategy of spherical DNAzyme induced deposition in nanochannels was utilized to further amplify the signal. Under optimal conditions, a wide linear dynamic range of 50 aM to 10 pM spanning five orders of magnitude was obtained. The developed electrochemical method, with attomole level of detection limit, was successfully applied to the determination of let-7a in human serum and tumor cells. The study not only offers a new route for reliable nucleic acid detection, but also provides an excellent opportunity to extend the application of the two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Xue
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Zilian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Hongfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
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Zhang S, Zhou J, Li H. Chiral Covalent Organic Framework Packed Nanochannel Membrane for Enantioseparation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204012. [PMID: 35475564 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A nanochannel membrane has the prospect of large-scale separation. However, selectivity in enantioseparation is a challenge, due to the size difference between nanochannels and enantiomers. Here, we compartmented nanochannels by the in situ synthesis of a L-tyrosine functionalized covalent organic framework (L-Tyr-COF). The L-Tyr-COF decreased the pore size of channels to match with naproxen enantiomers (S/R-NPX) and improved the enantioselective gating. In contrast to the surface-functionalized nanochannels (L-Tyr channel), the L-Tyr-COF packed nanochannels (L-Tyr-COF channel) exhibited high enantioselectivity for S-NPX and realized the enantioseparation with the enantiomer excess value up to 94.2 %. The separation flux through the highly porous L-Tyr-COF channel was 1.33 mmol m-2 h-1 . This study provided a size-matching strategy and the chiral covalent organic framework packed nanochannel membrane to realize enantioseparation with high selectivity and flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China.,College of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Haibing Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
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Iglesias-Mayor A, Amor-Gutiérrez O, Toyos-Rodríguez C, Bassegoda A, Tzanov T, Escosura-Muñiz A. Electrical monitoring of infection biomarkers in chronic wounds using nanochannels. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 209:114243. [PMID: 35421671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds represent an important healthcare challenge in developed countries, being wound infection a serious complication with significant impact on patients' life conditions. However, there is a lack of methods allowing an early diagnosis of infection and a right decision making for a correct treatment. In this context, we propose a novel methodology for the electrical monitoring of infection biomarkers in chronic wound exudates, using nanoporous alumina membranes. Lysozyme, an enzyme produced by the human immune system indicating wound infection, is selected as a model compound to prove the concept. Peptidoglycan, a component of the bacterial layer and the native substrate of lysozyme, is immobilized on the inner walls of the nanochannels, blocking them both sterically and electrostatically. The steric blocking is dependent on the pore size (20-100 nm) and the peptidoglycan concentration, whereas the electrostatic blocking depends on the pH. The proposed analytical method is based on the electrical monitoring of the steric/electrostatic nanochannels unblocking upon the specific degradation of peptidoglycan by lysozyme, allowing to detect the infection biomarker at 280 ng/mL levels, which are below those expected in wounds. The low protein adsorption rate and thus outstanding filtering properties of the nanoporous alumina membranes allowed us to discriminate wound exudates from patients with both sterile and infected ulcers without any sample pre-treatment usually indispensable in most diagnostic devices for analysis of physiological fluids. Although size and charge effects in nanochannels have been previously approached for biosensing purposes, as far as we know, the use of nanoporous membranes for monitoring enzymatic cleavage processes, leading to analytical systems for the specific detection of the enzymes has not been deeply explored so far. Compared with previously reported methods, our methodology presents the advantages of no need of neither bioreceptors (antibodies or aptamers) nor competitive assays, low matrix effects and quantitative and rapid analysis at the point-of-care, being also of potential application for the determination of other protease biomarkers.
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Jiao J, Zhang H, Zheng J. Ferrofluids transport in bioinspired nanochannels: Application to electrochemical biosensing with magnetic-controlled detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 201:113963. [PMID: 35007994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.113963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Controllable transport of ions, molecules or fluids in bioinspired nanochannels is crucial to study biointeraction occurred in confined space and also develop biosensing platforms or devices. Herein, ferrofluids transport in biofunctionalized nanochannels was investigated and a novel electrochemical biosensing platform with the characteristic of label-free, high sensitivity and rapid response was constructed. The hydrophilic ferrofluids can flux swiftly through the antibody-immobilized nanochannels with the assistance of a permanent magnet. It was initially found that the presence of ferrofluids would depress the redox current of the electrochemical probe [Fe(CN)6]3-. The mechanism of the depressing effect was ascribed to the constrained diffusion of [Fe(CN)6]3- which lowered the concentration of it at the electrode surface and the weak adsorption of the ferrofluids which increased the charge transfer resistance of the interface. Therefore, redox current of the probe was applied to indicate the amount of the ferrofluids fluxing through the bioinspired nanochannels. The steric hindrance of the bioinspired nanochannels changed with the amount of the corresponding target being incubated, resulting in quantitative variation of the redox current. In this way, electrochemical biosensing platform based on ferrofluids transport was constructed. Using carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153) as a model target, a low detection limit of 0.0013 U·mL-1 was acquired. This magnetic-controlled bioelectrochemical platform was expected to be expanded to other applications such as genetic testing, drug analysis, and molecular identification.
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Wang L, Li H, Shi L, Li L, Jia F, Gao T, Li G. In situ peptide self-assembly on ionic nanochannel for dynamic monitoring of MMPs in extracellular matrix. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 195:113671. [PMID: 34624798 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of tumor mediates malignant transformation and distant metastasis with extracellular proteinases, especially the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, there is no assay method to trace the dynamic content of MMPs in ECM. In this work, we have proposed a strategy by assembling peptide scaffold on ionic nanochannels to monitor the target proteinases. The short peptide unit is designed to induce self-assembly with good stability, biocompatibility and programmability, while ion nanochannels can provide electrochemical response upon the MMP activities. Taking MMP-2 as an example, the peptide unit includes two regions, one for self-assembly and one for bio-recognition, so the assembly region (KLVFF) can self-assemble to nanofiber networks. In the meantime, since the reactive region (PLGVR) has MMP-2 recognition site, the peptide assembly on nanochannel can thus be used for the detection of active MMP-2 in tumor microenvironment, with a wide linear detection range (10 fg/mL-10 ng/mL) and 6.6 fg/mL limit of detection. Moreover, the availability of the established ECM mimic is able to distinguish active MMP-2 from latent proMMP-2 in tumor samples. By designing different peptide units for self-assembly on the ionic nanochannel, the assay platform can be promisingly used for other proteinases in ECM, so this work may provide a useful approach to trace the dynamic content of the MMPs in tumor microenvironment (TEM).
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Liu Q, Ding S, Gao R, Shi G, Zhu A. A highly selective ATP-responsive biomimetic nanochannel based on smart copolymer. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1188:339167. [PMID: 34794583 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels couple intracellular metabolism to the electrical activity by regulating K+ flux across the plasma membrane, thus playing an important role in both normal and pathophysiology. To understand the mechanism of ATP regulating biological ion channels, developing an ATP-responsive artificial nanochannel is an appealing but challenging topic because KATP channel is a heteromultimer of two subunits (potassium channel subunit (Kir6.x) and sulfonylurea receptor (SUR)) and exhibit dynamic functions with adjustability and reversibility. Inspired by the structure of KATP channels, we designed a smart copolymer modified nanochannel that may address the challenge. In the tricomponent poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm, PNI)-based copolymer system, phenylthiourea was used to bind the phosphate units of nucleotides and phenylboronic acid was introduced to combine the pentose ring of the nucleoside unit. Besides, a -COOH group with electron-withdrawing property was added into the phenylthiourea units, which may promote the hydrogen-bond-donating ability of thiourea. Specially, the smart copolymer not only provided static binding sites for recognition but also translated the recognition of ATP into their dynamic conformational transitions by changing the hydrogen-bonding environments surrounding PNIPAAm chains, thus achieving the gating function of nanochannel, which resembled the integration and coordination of Kir6.x and SUR units in active KATP. The ATP-regulated ion channel exhibited excellent stability and reversibility. This study is the first example showing how to learn from nature to assemble the ATP-responsive artificial nanochannel and demonstrate the possible mechanism of ATP gating.
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Romanholo PVV, Razzino CA, Raymundo-Pereira PA, Prado TM, Machado SAS, Sgobbi LF. Biomimetic electrochemical sensors: New horizons and challenges in biosensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 185:113242. [PMID: 33915434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The urge to meet the ever-growing needs of sensing technology has spurred research to look for new alternatives to traditional analytical methods. In this scenario, the glucometer is the flagship of commercial electrochemical sensing platforms, combining selectivity, reliability and portability. However, other types of enzyme-based biosensors seldom achieve the market, in spite of the large and increasing number of publications. The reasons behind their commercial limitations concern enzyme denaturation, and the high costs associated with procedures for their extraction and purification. In this sense, biomimetic materials that seek to imitate the desired properties of natural enzymes and biological systems have come out as an appealing path for robust and sensitive electrochemical biosensors. We herein portray the historical background of these biomimicking materials, covering from their beginnings until the most impactful applications in the field of electrochemical sensing platforms. Throughout the discussion, we present and critically appraise the major benefits and the most significant drawbacks offered by the bioinspired systems categorized as Nanozymes, Synzymes, Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs), Nanochannels, and Metal Complexes. Innovative strategies of fabrication and challenging applications are further reviewed and evaluated. In the end, we ponder over the prospects of this emerging field, assessing the most critical issues that shall be faced in the coming decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro V V Romanholo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Claudia A Razzino
- Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Universidade Do Vale Do Paraíba, São José Dos Campos, SP, 12244-000, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago M Prado
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Sergio A S Machado
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Livia F Sgobbi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.
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15
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Qiao Z, Jiang Z, Luo Q, Zhang H, Zheng J. A label-free ratiometric immunoassay using bioinspired nanochannels and a smart modified electrode. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1162:338476. [PMID: 33926698 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Labeling with redox reporter is often required in developing electrochemical bioassay for most proteins or nucleic acid biomarkers. Herein, a label-free ratiometric immunosensing platform is firstly developed by integrating the antibody-conjugated nanochannels with a smart modified electrode. The electrode modifier is the composite of C60, tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOA+) and Prussian blue (PB). Cyclic voltammograms of the ultimate C60-TOA+/PB modified electrode exhibited two pairs of peaks at 0.15 V and -0.13 V, ascribing to the redox of PB and C60, respectively. With the addition of K3[Fe(CN)6] in the electrolyte solution, the peaks of PB decreased due to the adsorption of [Fe(CN)6]3- while the peaks of C60 increased because of the formation of the ternary complex (TC) C60-TOA+-[Fe(CN)6]3-. As a result, the peak current ratio IPB/ITC decreased gradually with the increment of the concentration of [Fe(CN)6]3-. For the nanochannels-based immunosensing platform, the steric hindrance of the bioconjugated nanochannels varied with the loading amount of the target CA125, and thus [Fe(CN)6]3- passing through the channels was quantitatively affected. And the higher CA125 level was, the less [Fe(CN)6]3- concentration was. And thus, the ratio IPB/ITC monitored at the C60-TOA+/PB modified electrode increased with the increase of the concentration of CA125. The ratiometric immunoassay featured a linear calibration range from 1.0 U mL-1 to 100 U mL-1 with a low detection limit of 0.86 U mL-1. In addition, the ratiometric immunosensing platform demonstrated good specificity and stability as well as acceptable accuracy in overcoming the effect of electrode passivation which was an inherent problem of electroanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Qiao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecular Chemistry, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zilian Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecular Chemistry, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Qiufen Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecular Chemistry, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Hongfang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecular Chemistry, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Jianbin Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecular Chemistry, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
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16
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Jin R, Ren C, Kang H, Gao S, Chen S. Stacked Cu 2-xSe nanoplates with 2D nanochannels as high performance anode for lithium batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:219-225. [PMID: 33548605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal chalcogenides are considered as promising alternative materials for lithium-ion batteries owing to their relatively high theoretical capacity. However, poor cycle stability combined with low rate capacity still hinders their practical applications. In this work, the Cu-N chemical bonding directed the stacking Cu2-xSe nanoplates (DETA-Cu2-xSe) is developed to solve this issue. Such unique structure with small nanochannels can enhance the reactive site, facilitate the Li-ion transport as well as inhibit the structural collapse. Benefitting of these advantages, the DETA-Cu2-xSe exhibits high specific capacity, better rate capacity and long cyclability with the specific capacities of 565mAhg-1 after 100 cycles at 200 mA g-1 and 368mAhg-1 after 500 cycles at 5000 mA g-1. This novel DETA-Cu2-xSe structure with nanochannels is promising for next generation energy storage and the synthetic process can be extended to fabricate other transition metal chalcogenides with similar structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rencheng Jin
- School of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, PR China.
| | - Congying Ren
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Hongwei Kang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, PR China
| | - Shanmin Gao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China.
| | - Shuisheng Chen
- School of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, PR China.
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17
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Fan GC, Lu Y, Ma L, Song ZL, Luo X, Zhao WW. Target-induced formation of multiple DNAzymes in solid-state nanochannels: Toward innovative photoelectrochemical probing of telomerase activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 142:111564. [PMID: 31404880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nanochannels have great potentials in the vibrant field of photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioanalysis. This work herein demonstrates the innovative use of DNA-decorated nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) nanochannels for sensitive PEC bioanalysis of telomerase (TE) activity. Specifically, telomerase primer sequences (TS) were initially immobilized within the NAA nanochannels and then extended by TE in the presence of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs). The as formed single-strand DNA was then directed to hybrid with many partially matched single-strand assisting DNA (aDNA), leading to the formation of multiple DNAzymes by the unmatched parts and the subsequent DNAzyme-stimulated biocatalytic precipitation (BCP) within the nanochannels. Because the inhibited signals of the photoelectrode could be correlated with TE-enabled TS extension, an innovative nanochannels PEC bioanalysis could be realized for probing TE activity. This work features the ingenious use of DNA-associated nanochannels for PEC bioanalysis of TE activity. Given the versatile functions of DNA molecules, the extension of this strategy easily allows for addressing numerous other targets of interest. Also, we envision this work could inspire more interest for the further development of nanochannels PEC bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Chao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China; State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Linzheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China; College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Song
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Xiliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Wang J, Yan Y, Geng Y, Gan Y, Fang Z. Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane nanofluidic chips under AFM tip-based nanomilling process. Nanoscale Res Lett 2019; 14:136. [PMID: 30997583 PMCID: PMC6470239 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-2962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In current research realm, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based nanofluidic devices are widely used in medical, chemical, and biological applications. In the present paper, a novel nanomilling technique (consisting of an AFM system and a piezoelectric actuator) was proposed to fabricate nanochannels (with controllable sizes) on PDMS chips, and nanochannel size was controlled by the driving voltage and frequency inputted to the piezoelectric actuator. Moreover, microchannel and nanochannel molds were respectively fabricated by UV lithography and AFM tip-based nanomilling, and finally, PDMS slabs with micro/nanochannels were obtained by transfer process. The influences of PDMS weight ratio on nanochannel size were also investigated. The bonding process of microchannel and nanochannel slabs was conducted on a homemade alignment system consisted of an optical monocular microscope and precision stages. Furthermore, the effects of nanochannel size on electrical characteristics of KCl solution (concentration of 1 mM) were analyzed. Therefore, it can be concluded that PDMS nanofluidic devices with multiple nanochannels of sub-100-nm depth can be efficiently and economically fabricated by the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongda Yan
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanquan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Fang
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang People’s Republic of China
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19
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Yang GH, Bao DD, Zhang DQ, Wang C, Qu LL, Li HT. Removal of Antibiotics From Water with an All-Carbon 3D Nanofiltration Membrane. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:146. [PMID: 29748741 PMCID: PMC5945562 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent industrial developments and increased energy demand have resulted in significantly increased levels of environmental pollutants, which have become a serious global problem. Herein, we propose a novel all-carbon nanofiltration (NF) membrane that consists of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) interposed between graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to form a three-dimensional (3D) structure. The as-prepared membrane has abundant two-dimensional (2D) nanochannels that can physically sieve antibiotic molecules through electrostatic interaction. As a result, the prepared membrane, with a thickness of 4.26 μm, shows both a high adsorption of 99.23% for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and a high water permeation of 16.12 L m- 2 h- 1 bar- 1. In addition, the cationic dye methylene blue (MB) was also removed to an extent of 83.88%, indicating broad applications of the prepared membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-hai Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 China
| | - Dan-dan Bao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 China
| | - Da-qing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 China
| | - Lu-lu Qu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 China
| | - Hai-tao Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 China
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20
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Abstract
Stretching of DNA in nanoscale confinement allows for several important studies. The genetic contents of the DNA can be visualized on the single DNA molecule level and both the polymer physics of confined DNA and also DNA/protein and other DNA/DNA-binding molecule interactions can be explored. This chapter describes the basic steps to fabricate the nanostructures, perform the experiments and analyze the data.
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21
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Peng W, Chen Y, Ai W, Zhang D. A Nanofluidic Biosensor Based on Nanoreplica Molding Photonic Crystal. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:427. [PMID: 27664018 PMCID: PMC5035292 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A nanofluidic biosensor based on nanoreplica molding photonic crystal (PC) was proposed. UV epoxy PC was fabricated by nanoreplica molding on a master PC wafer. The nanochannels were sealed between the gratings on the PC surface and a taped layer. The resonance wavelength of PC-based nanofluidic biosensor was used for testing the sealing effect. According to the peak wavelength value of the sensor, an initial label-free experiment was realized with R6g as the analyte. When the PC-based biosensor was illuminated by a monochromatic light source with a specific angle, the resonance wavelength of the sensor will match with the light source and amplified the electromagnetic field. The amplified electromagnetic field was used to enhance the fluorescence excitation result. The enhancement effect was used for enhancing fluorescence excitation and emission when matched with the resonance condition. Alexa Fluor 635 was used as the target dye excited by 637-nm laser source on a configured photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence (PCEF) setup, and an initial PCEF enhancement factor was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Peng
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Youping Chen
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Wu Ai
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Dailin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
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22
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Panich AM, Sergeev NA, Paczwa M, Olszewski M. (1)H NMR study of water molecules confined in nanochannels of mordenite. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 2016; 76-77:24-28. [PMID: 27035262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Behavior of water molecules entrapped in nanochannels of zeolite mordenite has been investigated by (1)H NMR technique. The (1)H spectra and spin-lattice relaxation times in the laboratory and rotating frames, T1 and T1ρ, respectively, as well as the dipolar relaxation time T1D have been measured in the temperature range from 96 to 351K. Diffusion of water molecules along the channels was observed above ~200K. While in bulk liquid the dipolar ordered state of nuclear spins is not formed owing to complete motional average of dipolar interactions, we show that such a state is observed for mobile molecules confined in a restricted geometry. At temperatures below ~140K the relaxation was found to be mainly caused by interaction of (1)H nuclear spins with paramagnetic impurities. Complete lost of the fine structure of (1)H spectra above ~320 K is attributed to isotropic molecular reorientation or/and proton exchange. We show that the dipolar relaxation in mordenite is responsive to slow 180° reorientations of water molecules. The correlation times of nuclear and electron spin fluctuations were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Panich
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel.
| | - N A Sergeev
- Institute of Physics, University of Szczecin, 70-451 Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Paczwa
- Institute of Physics, University of Szczecin, 70-451 Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Olszewski
- Institute of Physics, University of Szczecin, 70-451 Szczecin, Poland
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Ion R, Stoian AB, Dumitriu C, Grigorescu S, Mazare A, Cimpean A, Demetrescu I, Schmuki P. Nanochannels formed on TiZr alloy improve biological response. Acta Biomater 2015; 24:370-7. [PMID: 26092351 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we report the fabrication of non-thickness-limited 1D nanostructures with nanochannelar structure by anodization of Ti50Zr alloy in hot glycerol-phosphate electrolyte. These nanochannelar structures show high and adjustable aspect ratios and provide as-formed already partial crystallinity for nanochannels. In vitro studies were performed to assess the inflammatory response to nanochannel coated surfaces using RAW 264.7 macrophages. The results show that these nanochannels yield a reduced amount of metabolically-active macrophages, low potential to induce macrophage fusion into FBGC, and low concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the culture medium. Moreover, higher hydrophilicity and lower corrosion rates were registered, compared to compact oxide. Collectively, the results indicate a more favorable cellular response on such nanoscale topography as compared to compact oxide control substrate, and suggest that surface architecture design of nanochannel type on implant materials holds promise for biomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The use of titanium and its alloys in biomedical devices has been extensively investigated, especially for alloys possessing inherent antibacterial properties such as TiZr alloys. We report for the first time the growth of mesoporous structures, aligned oxide nanochannels, on Ti50Zr alloy. The advantages of these nanochannelar surfaces are a high surface area, a long range ordered nanoscale topology and already partial crystallinity in the as-grown state. In vitro studies performed on RAW 264.7 macrophages demonstrate the potential of nanochannels to lower the inflammatory response, thus reducing the foreign body reaction against Ti50Zr biomedical implants and promoting the successful integration of the implant.
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Abstract
Biological nanochannels or nanopores play a crucial role in basic biochemical processes in cells. Artificial nanopores possessing dimensions comparable to the size of biological molecules and mimicking the function of biological ion channels are of particular interest with respect to the design of biosensors with a sensitivity that can go down to the fM level and even to single molecule detection. Nanopore-based analysis (NPA) is currently a new research field with fascinating prospects. This review (with 118 refs.) summarizes the progress made in this field in the recent 10 years. Following an introduction into the fundamentals of NPA, we demonstrate its potential by describing selected methods for sensing (a) proteins such as streptavidin, certain antibodies, or thrombin via aptamers; (b) oligomers, larger nucleic acids, or micro-RNA; (c) small molecules, (d) ions such as K(I) which is vital to the maintenance of life, or Hg(II) which is dangerous to health. We summarize the results and discuss the merits and limitations of the various methods at last. Graphical abstractSchematic of a signal-off system and a signal-on system in nanopore analysis. The effective diameter of nanopores decreases when targets undergo certain interactions with receptors attached on the inner surface of the nanopore. Correspondingly, the current will drop on appearance of the analyte. This is referred to as a "signal-off" system. Conversely, it is called a "signal-on" system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Liu
- />Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Zekun Yang
- />Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Xiaowen Ou
- />Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Benmei Wei
- />Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- />Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Yongmei Jia
- />Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Fan Xia
- />Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074 China
- />National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
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