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Gitlin ES, Demetres M, Vaidyanathan A, Palmer N, Lee H, Loureiro S, Radwan E, Tuschman A, Mathad J, Chebrolu P. The prevalence of gestational diabetes among underweight and normal weight women worldwide: a scoping review. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2024; 5:1415069. [PMID: 39050622 PMCID: PMC11266185 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2024.1415069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects nearly 15% of pregnancies worldwide and is increasing globally. While this growth is thought to be primarily from overweight and obesity, normal and underweight women are affected as well, particularly in low and middle-income countries. However, GDM in non-overweight women remains understudied. Thus, we examined the prevalence among normal and underweight women globally. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library. Studies retrieved were screened for eligibility against predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Prevalence of GDM among women with normal and underweight body mass index (BMI) was extracted, and average prevalence was calculated globally, by World Health Organization region, and by country. Pregnancy outcomes were described when available. Results A total of 145 studies were included. The average global prevalence of GDM among non-overweight women (BMI <25 kg/m2) was 7.3% and among underweight women (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) was 5.0%. GDM prevalence in non-overweight women was highest in Asia (average 12.1%) and lowest in the African region (0.7%). The countries with the highest prevalence were Vietnam (21.1%), Finland (19.8%), Poland (19.3%), Bangladesh (18.65%), and China (17.7%). The average global prevalence of large for gestational age infants (LGA) born to non-overweight women with GDM was 9.9%, which is lower than the average prevalence in the general population with GDM (14%). Conclusion GDM is more common than previously recognized in non-overweight women, particularly in Asia, but also in European countries. Non-overweight women with GDM had lower prevalence of LGA babies compared to prior reported prevalence in all women with GDM, though data on pregnancy outcomes was limited. These findings challenge guidelines that recommend restriction of weight gain for GDM management. Further research on the pathophysiology and complications of GDM in women who are not overweight should be urgently conducted to inform appropriate management guidelines and support optimal pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hannah Lee
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | | | - Eman Radwan
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar
| | | | - Jyoti Mathad
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Chakrabarti S, Ajjampur SSR, Waddington HS, Kishore A, Nguyen PH, Scott S. Deworming and micronutrient status by community open defecation prevalence: An observational study using nationally representative data from India, 2016-2018. PLoS Med 2024; 21:e1004402. [PMID: 38728369 PMCID: PMC11125536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micronutrient deficiencies are widespread in India. Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are acquired by interaction with soil and water contaminated by human feces and lead to blood loss and poor micronutrient absorption. The current recommendation for control of STH-related morbidity is targeted deworming, yet little is known about the effectiveness of deworming on micronutrient status in varying sanitation contexts. Ranging between 1% and 40% prevalence across Indian states, open defecation (OD) remains high despite India's investments at elimination by promoting community-wide sanitation. This variation provides an opportunity to study the relationship between deworming, micronutrient status, and OD at-scale. METHODS AND FINDINGS Cross-sectional datasets that were representative for India were obtained the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey in 2016 to 2018 (n = 105,060 individuals aged 1 to 19 years). Consumption of deworming medication was described by age and community OD level. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between deworming, cluster OD, and their interactions, with anemia and micronutrient deficiencies (iron, zinc, vitamin A, folate, and vitamin B12), controlling for age, sex, wealth, diet, and seasonality. These regression models further allowed us to identify a minimum OD rate after which deworming becomes ineffective. In sensitivity analyses, the association between deworming and deficiencies were tested in subsamples of communities classified into 3 OD levels based on statistical tertiles: OD free (0% of households in the community practicing OD), moderate OD (>0% and <30%), or high OD (at least 30%). Average deworming coverage and OD prevalence in the sample were 43.4% [IQR 26.0, 59.0] and 19.1% [IQR 0, 28.5], respectively. Controlling for other determinants of nutritional status, adolescents living in communities with higher OD levels had lower coverage of deworming and higher prevalence of anemia, zinc, vitamin A, and B12 deficiencies. Compared to those who were not dewormed, dewormed children and adolescents had lower odds of anemia (adjusted odds ratio 0.72, (95% CI [0.67, 0.78], p < 0.001) and deficiencies of iron 0.78, (95% CI [0.74, 0.82], p < 0.001) and folate 0.69, (95% CI [0.64,0.74], p<0.001)) in OD free communities. These protective effects remained significant for anemia but diminished for other micronutrient deficiencies in communities with moderate or high OD. Analysis of community OD indicated a threshold range of 30% to 60%, above which targeted deworming was no longer significantly associated with lower anemia, iron, and folate deficiency. The primary limitations of the study included potential for omitted variables bias and inability to capture longitudinal effects. CONCLUSIONS Moderate to high rates of OD significantly modify the association between deworming and micronutrient status in India. Public health policy could involve sequencing interventions, with focus on improving deworming coverage in communities that have achieved minimum thresholds of OD and re- triggering sanitation interventions in high OD communities prior to deworming days, ensuring high coverage for both. The efficacy of micronutrient supplementation as a complementary strategy to improve nutritional outcomes alongside deworming and OD elimination in this age group needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Chakrabarti
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, and India
| | | | - Hugh Sharma Waddington
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and London International Development Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Avinash Kishore
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, and India
| | - Phuong H. Nguyen
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, and India
| | - Samuel Scott
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, and India
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3
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Wali N, Agho KE, Renzaho AMN. Mapping of nutrition policies and programs in South Asia towards achieving the Global Nutrition targets. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:171. [PMID: 37726846 PMCID: PMC10507966 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Asia continues to host the triple burden of child malnutrition with high levels of child undernutrition, hidden hunger (micronutrient deficiencies) and childhood overweight/obesity. To combat malnutrition, the international community along with the National governments have launched initiatives to track the country's progress towards achieving the Global Nutrition targets by 2025. This review captures the country-specific efforts of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive sectoral programs and policies towards achieving these targets for eight South Asian countries. METHODS A systematic internet search was undertaken to search relevant policies and programs from Government websites and twelve International Organisations working in the region. The authors developed a template to map the policies against the following criteria: (i) enabling supportive environment; (ii) Initiatives targeted at nutrition-specific interventions; and (iii) Initiatives targeted at nutrition-specific interventions that impact child malnutrition. A narrative descriptive approach was used to present findings. RESULTS All eight countries had relevant policies and programs to address child malnutrition and macronutrient deficiencies with targets for significant reductions in stunting and improved breastfeeding. However, despite the outlined there are major challenges of implementation, monitoring, evaluation and quality that persist with increased dependency on international donors and organisations for funding and/or implementation of nutrition plans. CONCLUSION There is a need to contextualise efforts designated to donors and governments to improve the tracking of efforts that impact nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Wali
- School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Kingsley Emwinyore Agho
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2571, Australia
- African Vision Research Institute, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andre M N Renzaho
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2571, Australia
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4
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Smita RM, Shuvo APR, Raihan S, Jahan R, Simin FA, Rahman A, Biswas S, Salem L, Sagor MAT. The Role of Mineral Deficiencies in Insulin Resistance and Obesity. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e171121197987. [PMID: 34789132 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666211117104626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Minerals are critical for maintaining overall health. These tiny chemical compounds are responsible for enzymatic activation, maintaining healthy teeth and bones, regulating energy metabolism, enhancing immunity, and aiding muscle and brain function. However, mineral deficiency in the form of inadequate or under nourished intake affects millions of people throughout the world, with well-documented adverse health consequences of malnutrition. Conversely, mineral deficiency may also be a risk factor for Insulin Resistance (IR) and obesity. This review focuses on another, more "less discussed" form of malnutrition, namely mineral deficiency and its contribution to metabolic disorders. At the cellular level, minerals maintain not only molecular communication but also trigger several key biochemical pathways. Disturbances in these processes due to mineral insufficiency may gradually lead to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and central obesity, which might lead to renal failure, cardiac arrest, hepatic carcinoma, and various neurodegenerative diseases. Here we discuss the burden of disease promoted by mineral deficiencies and the medical, social, and economic consequences. Mineral deficiency-mediated IR and obesity have a considerable negative impact on individual well-being, physical consideration, and economic productivity. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms of mineral deficiency that may lead to IR and obesity and suggest strategies to counter these metabolic disorders. To protect mankind from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to take a variety of foods in reasonable quantities, such as organic and pasture-raised eggs, low fat dairy, and grass-fed and finished meats, insecticide, and pesticide-free vegetables and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabbir Raihan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Jahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Faria Anjum Simin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ashiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Soumick Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Liyad Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Taher Sagor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Begum R, Rahman N, Hasan R, Jamil Y, Anjom Tamanna S, Islam R. Vitamin A Fortified Edible Oils and Rice: The Knowledge Level and Consumption Rate among Different Place of Residences in Tangail District, Bangladesh. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 67:13-20. [PMID: 33642460 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.67.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A population based cross-sectional study was conducted in four residential areas of Tangail Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh aiming to explore the knowledge about vitamin A fortified edible oils and rice as well as the their consumption rate. A total of 400 participants were randomly selected. Data were collected through face to face interviews. Only 15.0% and 3.5% participants had knowledge about vitamin A fortified edible oils and rice respectively. Precisely vitamin A fortified edible oils knowledge level was found inferior in rural (11.7%) and slum (0%) than urban (48.3%) and semi-urban (40.0%) participants. Knowledge about vitamin A fortified rice was found higher in urban (78.6%) than rural (14.3%) and slum (0%) participants. Most of the participants received knowledge through advertisements (N=45 and N=12 for fortified oils and rice respectively). Maximum participants (62.3%) did not consume vitamin A fortified edible oils and consumption rate in rural (11.8%) and slum (10.2%) areas were poorer than urban (53.5%) and semi-urban (24.4%) areas. Consumption rate of vitamin A fortified rice was found nil in all the study areas. Lack of knowledge about vitamin A fortified rice and oils accounted solely for poor consumption. Knowledge level about vitamin A fortified edible oils and rice and consumption rate were found statistically significantly (p<0.05) with participant's place of residences, education level and monthly income. Finally, this study indicates that the overall knowledge level and consumption rate of vitamin A fortified edible oils and rice is poor especially in rural and slum populations in Tangail Sadar Upazila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokeya Begum
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
| | - Nannur Rahman
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Rakibul Hasan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
| | - Yusuf Jamil
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
| | - Sanjida Anjom Tamanna
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
| | - Robiul Islam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
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Man Y, Xu T, Adhikari B, Zhou C, Wang Y, Wang B. Iron supplementation and iron-fortified foods: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4504-4525. [PMID: 33506686 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1876623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
About one-third of the world population is suffering from iron deficiency. Delivery of iron through diet is a practical, economical, and sustainable approach. Clinical studies have shown that the consumption of iron-fortified foods is one of the most effective methods for the prevention of iron deficiency. However, supplementing iron through diet can cause undesirable side-effects. Thus, it is essential to develop new iron-rich ingredients, iron-fortified products with high bioavailability, better stability, and lower cost. It is also essential to develop newer processing technologies for more effective fortification. This review compared the iron supplementation strategies used to treat the highly iron-deficient population and the general public. We also reviewed the efficacy of functional (iron-rich) ingredients that can be incorporated into food materials to produce iron-fortified foods. The most commonly available foods, such as cereals, bakery products, dairy products, beverages, and condiments are still the best vehicles for iron fortification and delivery.Scope of reviewThe manuscript aims at providing a comprehensive review of the latest publications that cover three aspects: administration routes for iron supplementation, iron-rich ingredients used for iron supplementation, and iron-fortified foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Man
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- School of Food Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
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7
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Dhakal SP, He J. Microencapsulation of vitamins in food applications to prevent losses in processing and storage: A review. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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8
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Wali N, Agho K, Renzaho AMN. Past drivers of and priorities for child undernutrition in South Asia: a mixed methods systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2019; 8:189. [PMID: 31362779 PMCID: PMC6668084 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Asia has one of the largest proportions of undernourished children in the world, especially stunting, wasting, and underweight as well as micronutrient deficiencies such as the deficiency of iron, vitamin A, and zinc. Undernutrition continues to pose a major threat to this region's economic and social growth. This systematic review aims to assess the drivers and identify priorities for child undernutrition in South Asia. It aims to appraise, synthesise, and summarise literature to create an evidence base that looks at multiple faces of macro and micro child undernutrition in South Asia. METHODS A systematic review of published and grey literature on child undernutrition, including macro and micronutrient deficiencies, in South Asia covering the period January 2000 to September 2019 will be undertaken. Studies with all relevant study designs and those published in English will be considered for inclusion. Five academic databases will be searched: CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus, in addition to various grey literature sources. The analysis will incorporate a narrative synthesis, meta-ethnography or a meta-analysis as appropriate, depending on the nature of the retrieved data. Quality of the included studies will be assessed by validated tools. The UNICEF conceptual framework on child undernutrition will be used to frame findings. DISCUSSION This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. The protocol gives an insight into the scope and parameters for the systematic review to be carried out. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION The protocol was registered by the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews, reference CRD42018112696 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Wali
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Kingsley Agho
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Andre M. N. Renzaho
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
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Khandelwal S, Verma G, Shaikh NI, Siegel KR, Soni D, Soni D, Thow AM. Mapping of Policies Related to Fruits and Vegetables Accessibility in India. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2019.1595254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Khandelwal
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Garima Verma
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Nida I. Shaikh
- Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Fogarty Global Health Fellow, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Karen R. Siegel
- Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Divya Soni
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepa Soni
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Anne-Marie Thow
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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10
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Shao S, Shen X, Guo M. Zinc-loaded whey protein nanoparticles prepared by enzymatic cross-linking and desolvation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Shao
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Xue Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Mingruo Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agriculture University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; University of Vermont; Burlington VT 05405 USA
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11
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Status and determinants of intra-household food allocation in rural Nepal. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72:1524-1536. [PMID: 29358603 PMCID: PMC5924867 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-017-0063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background/objectives Understanding of the patterns and predictors of intra-household food allocation could enable nutrition programmes to better target nutritionally vulnerable individuals. This study aims to characterise the status and determinants of intra-household food and nutrient allocation in Nepal. Subjects/methods Pregnant women, their mothers-in-law and male household heads from Dhanusha and Mahottari districts in Nepal responded to 24-h dietary recalls, thrice repeated on non-consecutive days (n = 150 households; 1278 individual recalls). Intra-household inequity was measured using ratios between household members in food intakes (food shares); food-energy intake proportions (‘food shares-to-energy shares’, FS:ES); calorie-requirement proportions (‘relative dietary energy adequacy ratios’, RDEARs) and mean probability of adequacy for 11 micronutrients (MPA ratios). Hypothesised determinants were collected during the recalls, and their associations with the outcomes were tested using multivariable mixed-effects linear regression models. Results Women’s diets (pregnant women and mothers-in-law) consisted of larger FS:ES of starchy foods, pulses, fruits and vegetables than male household heads, whereas men had larger FS:ES of animal-source foods. Pregnant women had the lowest MPA (37%) followed by their mothers-in-law (52%), and male household heads (57%). RDEARs between pregnant women and household heads were 31% higher (log-RDEAR coeff=0.27 (95% CI 0.12, 0.42), P < 0.001) when pregnant women earned more or the same as their spouse, and log-MPA ratios between pregnant women and mothers-in-law were positively associated with household-level calorie intakes (coeff=0.43 (0.23, 0.63), P < 0.001, per 1000 kcal). Conclusions Pregnant women receive inequitably lower shares of food and nutrients, but this could be improved by increasing pregnant women’s cash earnings and household food security.
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Jotarkar PS, Panjagari NR, Singh AK, Arora S. Effect of whey protein-iron based edible coating on the quality of Paneer and process optimisation. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parameshwar S Jotarkar
- Dairy Technology Division; ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal 132001 Haryana India
| | - Narender R Panjagari
- Dairy Technology Division; ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal 132001 Haryana India
| | - Ashish K Singh
- Dairy Technology Division; ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal 132001 Haryana India
| | - Sumit Arora
- Dairy Chemistry Division; ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal 132001 Haryana India
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13
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Rathi N, Riddell L, Worsley A. Food consumption patterns of adolescents aged 14-16 years in Kolkata, India. Nutr J 2017; 16:50. [PMID: 28836982 PMCID: PMC5571590 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-017-0272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The nutrition transition has brought about rapid changes in the structure of the Indian diet. The replacement of traditional home-cooked meals with ready-to-eat, processed foods has contributed to an increased risk of chronic diseases in urban Indians. Improving the nutrition of Indians by promoting healthy food consumption in early life and in adolescence would help to reduce these health risks. However, little is known about the quality and quantity of foods and beverages consumed by urban Indian adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the food consumption patterns in a sample of urban Indian adolescents. Methods A self-administered, semi-quantitative, 59-item meal-based food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed to assess the dietary intake of adolescents over the previous day. A total of 1026 students (aged 14–16 years) attending private, English-speaking schools in Kolkata, India completed the survey. Results Overall, the adolescents reported poor dietary intakes; over one quarter (30%) reported no consumption of vegetables and 70% reported eating three or more servings of energy-dense snacks, on the previous day. Nearly half of the respondents (45%) did not consume any servings of fruits and 47% reported drinking three or more servings of energy-dense beverages. The mean consumption of food groups in serves/day varied from 0.88 (SD = 1.36) for pulses and legumes to 6.25 (SD = 7.22) for energy-dense snacks. In general, girls had more nutritious dietary intakes than boys. Conclusions The Indian adolescents reported poor food consumption patterns, and these findings highlight the need to design effective nutrition promotion strategies to encourage healthy eating in adolescence and targeting food supply and availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rathi
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Lynn Riddell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Anthony Worsley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
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Abstract
Human body acquires a significant amount of vitamin D by cutaneous synthesis under the action of sunlight and less is supplied through nutritional sources. Diversified sociocultural and economic determinants have been identified that limit the dietary intake of vitamin D and enough distribution of sunlight to maintain optimal levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Consequently, the world has witnessed a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in resource-limited South Asian countries. The purpose of this review is to provide a South Asian perspective of vitamin D status, critically examining India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka, and to shed light on potential determinants (latitude and season, sunshine exposure habits, age, gender, and genetic factors) leading to hypovitaminosis D among a variety of population groups. Literature search was carried out using bibliographic databases "PubMed," "Google Scholar," and "ScienceDirect.com." Serum 25(OH)D level, 20-50 nmol/L, was mainly taken as vitamin D deficiency, and determinants of low serum 25(OH)D concentration of the population under study were also considered. The review concludes that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among South Asian populations and global efforts are needed to overcome hypovitaminosis in the region. In addition, dietary diversification, supplementation and fortification of foods with vitamin D, adequate exposure to sunlight, and consumption of animal foods were suggested as viable approaches to maintain 25(OH)D levels for optimal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Akhtar
- a Department of Food Science & Nutrition , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan
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Abstract
Malnutrition continues to be a major public health challenge especially in South Asian developing countries. The aim of the present review is to spotlight the magnitude of the prevalence of malnutrition and its dynamics in South Asian region and to suggest potential approaches for the prevention and control of this issue of public health significance. An extensive review of literature, covering malnutrition and its determinants, health and economic consequences and pragmatic preventive strategies was performed on computer based bibliographic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medline and Sciencedirect.com ) to retrieve abstracts and full texts for India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. All relevant titles and abstracts were examined and evaluated for malnutrition and its prevalence in South Asia. The results revealed malnutrition to be a major public health problem and a potential cause of high disease burden and mortality in South Asia. Compelling evidence suggests malnutrition to be the leading cause of stunting, wasting and underweight with drastic economic consequences among vulnerable populations. Reduced cognitive performance and low productivity have also been associated with micronutrients malnutrition. Suboptimal breastfeeding, inadequate food supply, micronutrient deficiencies, low household income, poor health care system, increased healthcare costs, illiteracy, unhygienic and substandard living, inappropriate child's care and the caregiver, food insecurity and on top of that vicious cycle of poverty, have been recognized as principal indicators for growing malnutrition prevalence in South Asia. Global organizations, local governments, program managers, NGOs, academia, industry in particular and the society at large need to take up the challenge to completely confiscate malnutrition from the region for economic prosperity and a healthier future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Akhtar
- a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan
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DeFries R, Mondal P, Singh D, Agrawal I, Fanzo J, Remans R, Wood S. Synergies and trade-offs for sustainable agriculture: Nutritional yields and climate-resilience for cereal crops in Central India. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY-AGRICULTURE POLICY ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Food science and technology for management of iron deficiency in humans: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Khanal V, Karkee R, Adhikari M, Gavidia T. Moderate-to-severe anaemia among children aged 6–59 months in Nepal: An analysis from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2011. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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19
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Ahmed W, Butt MS, Sharif MK, Iqbal T. Effect of Storage on Cooking Quality Attributes and Fortificants Stability in Edible-Coated Iron-Folate Fortified Basmati Rice. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmed
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology; Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad-Pakistan; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq Butt
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology; Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad-Pakistan; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Mian Kamran Sharif
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology; Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad-Pakistan; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Tahira Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad Pakistan
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20
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Akhtar S, Randhawa M, Riaz M, Hameed A, Ismail T, Ismail A, Ali Z. Food safety conundrum: a Pakistan's scenario. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2014.0435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Akhtar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60000 Multan, Pakistan
| | - M.A. Randhawa
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M. Riaz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60000 Multan, Pakistan
| | - A. Hameed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60000 Multan, Pakistan
| | - T. Ismail
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60000 Multan, Pakistan
| | - A. Ismail
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60000 Multan, Pakistan
| | - Z. Ali
- Department of Agriculture and Food Technology, Karakoram International University, 15100 Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
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Ismail T, Akhtar S, Riaz M, Ismail A. Effect of pomegranate peel supplementation on nutritional, organoleptic and stability properties of cookies. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65:661-6. [PMID: 24725173 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.908170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims at highlighting the nutritive potential of pomegranate peel and its possible utilization as an ingredient of choice to nutritionally enrich cookies. Biochemical composition and free radical scavenging features of pomegranate peel powder (PoP) and PoP supplemented cookies were measured. PoP supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) improved dietary fibers (0.32-1.96 g/100 g), total phenols (90.7-161.9 mg GAE/100 g) and inorganic residues (0.53-0.76 g/100 g) of cookies. Similarly, significant increase in Ca, K, Fe and Zn levels was noted in supplemented cookies. Almost 50% 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was recorded in cookies carrying highest concentration of PoP and phenolic contents. PoP phenolics of supplemented cookies were shown to reduce oxidative degradation during four months storage. Present study suggests PoP supplementation in baked products as a potential source of micro and macronutrients. Application of PoP in ready to serve foods seems to be a potential disease preventive and ameliorative approach in tandem with its preservation and nutritional enhancement features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Ismail
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan
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