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Sánchez-Moya T, López-Nicolás R, Peso-Echarri P, González-Bermúdez CA, Frontela-Saseta C. Effect of pine bark extract and its phenolic compounds on selected pathogenic and probiotic bacterial strains. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1381125. [PMID: 38600993 PMCID: PMC11004382 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1381125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a heterogeneous group of chronic diseases as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). IBD is the result of a dysregulation of intestinal homeostasis with a host's loss of tolerance toward normal enteric microflora. Plant-based extracts as phenolic compounds can play a role by modulating the intestinal inflammation response. Methods The in vitro antimicrobial activity of French maritime pine bark extract (PBE) and its phenolic constituents has been investigated in this study. Furthermore, the ability of PBE and phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid and taxifolin) to modulate the microbiota has been assessed. Results Phenolic compounds and PBE showed a great inhibitory effect on the pathogens growth at the highest concentration assessed (1.25 mg/mL). The growth of E. sakazakii and E. faecalis were affected by the effect of caffeic acid and ferulic acid. Taxifolin showed a very strong activity against Listeria sp. (with a reduction ~98%). Gallic acid revealed antibacterial effect on S. aureus at different concentrations. The inhibitory effect of PBE was highly significant on the growth of E. coli O157:H7. PBE, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid seem to provide the greatest beneficial effect on the probiotic bacteria. However, the highest concentrations of taxifolin may have impaired the growth of beneficial microbiota. Conclusion Present findings could be of interest for considering PBE and/or its phenolic constituents as protectors against gastrointestinal disturbances which lead to ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rubén López-Nicolás
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Michavila Puente-Villegas S, Apaza Ticona L, Rumbero Sánchez Á, Acebes JL. Diterpenes of Pinus pinaster aiton with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117021. [PMID: 37567424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The P. pinaster species, known as 'Pino nigral or rodeno', is used in the treatment of colds, asthma, flu, and tuberculosis. AIM OF THE STUDY This study determined the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial activities of the P. pinaster resin, identifying the compounds with higher biological activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A bio-guided isolation of the compounds of P. pinaster was carried out by selecting the most active extracts with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in the HBEC3-KT, MRC-5, and THP-1 cell lines. The antibacterial activity was determined against the S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa strains. RESULTS The following compounds were identified by NMR: dehydroabietic acid (1), ( + )-cis-abienol (2), pimaric acid (3), isopimaric acid (4), 7α-hydroxy-dehydroabietic acid (5), 7-oxo-dehydroabietic acid (6), 15-hydroxy-abietic acid (7), 7-oxo-15-hydroxy-dehydroabietic acid (8), 13-oxo-8 (14)-podocarpen-18-oic acid (9), and pinyunin A (10). Regarding their anti-inflammatory activity, all compounds inhibited NF-κB. Compound 9 was the most active (IC50 = 3.90-12.06 μM). Concerning the analgesic activity, all the compounds inhibited NK-1, yet compound 9 was the most active (IC50 = 0.28-0.33 μM). Finally, compounds 6 (MIC = 12.80-25.55 μM) and 9 (MIC = 9.80-24.31 μM) were the most promising antibacterial compounds in all strains. CONCLUSION This study managed to identify, for the first time, six diterpenes from the resin of P. pinaster, with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial activity. Among the identified compounds, compound 9 was the most active, being considered a promising candidate as an antagonist of the tachykinin NK-1 receptor and as an analgesic agent against inflammation and neuropathic pain. It also had an antibacterial effect against Gram negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Michavila Puente-Villegas
- Plant Physiology Area, Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de León, Campus Vegazana, 24007, León, Spain
| | - Luis Apaza Ticona
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Autónoma of Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Plza, Ramón y Cajal S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ángel Rumbero Sánchez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Autónoma of Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Luis Acebes
- Plant Physiology Area, Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de León, Campus Vegazana, 24007, León, Spain
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Faggian M, Bernabè G, Pauletto A, Loschi F, Tezze C, Merlo R, Merlo L, Sut S, Ferrarese I, Brun P, Castagliuolo I, Peron G, Dall'Acqua S. Nutraceutical formulation for immune system modulation: Active constituents, in vitro antibacterial and immunomodulatory activity, and metabolomics analysis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5883-5896. [PMID: 37926430 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a large demand for nutraceuticals in the market and studies related to their action are needed. In this paper, the antimicrobial activity and the immunomodulatory effect of a nutraceutical formulation containing 14.39% of ascorbic acid, 7.17% of coenzyme Q10, 1.33% of Echinacea polyphenols, 0.99% of pine flavan-3-ols, 0.69% of resveratrol and 0.023% of Echinacea alkylamides were studied using in vitro assays and cell-based metabolomics. Chromatographic analysis allowed us to study the nutraceutical composition. The antibacterial activity was evaluated on S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, H. influenzae, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis. The immunomodulatory activity was assessed on human macrophages and dendritic cells. The production of IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-10 and IL-8 was evaluated on culture medium by ELISA and the activation/maturation of dendritic cells with cytofluorimetric analysis. Treated and untreated macrophages and dendritic cell lysates were analysed by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, and results were compared using multivariate data analysis to identify biological markers related to the treatment with the food supplement. The food supplement decreased K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and M. catharralis growth, reduced the inflammatory response in macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and modulated the activation and maturation of the dendritic cells. Oxidized phospholipids were identified as the main biological markers of treated cell lysates, compared with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anthony Pauletto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Loschi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Caterina Tezze
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Irene Ferrarese
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Microbiology Unit of Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Gregorio Peron
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Unired srl, Padova, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Nikiforova T, Kozlov V, Razgovorov P, Politaeva N, Velmozhina K, Shinkevich P, Chelysheva V. Heavy Metal Ions(II) Sorption by a Cellulose-Based Sorbent Containing Sulfogroups. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4212. [PMID: 37959892 PMCID: PMC10649064 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This article concerns the effect of the chemical modification of short flax fiber on its sorption properties for heavy metal ions. The main purpose of the modification was to achieve the oxidation of flax cellulose with sodium metaperiodate to form dialdehyde cellulose. Additionally, the research shows the subsequent interaction of dialdehyde cellulose with 1-amino-8-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid and its transformation into a derivative capable of forming chelate complexes with heavy metal ions. Additionally, this article presents the results of equilibrium and kinetics studies of the sorption of Cu(II), Cd(II), and Fe(II) ions from aqueous solutions by primary and modified cellulose sorbents. SEM spectra indicate changes in the surface structure of the modified sorbents compared to the original one. IR spectra show the appearance of amino- and sulfogroups in short flax fibers in the process of their modification. The research revealed the efficiency of the method and the possibility of its use for the purification of aqueous solutions from heavy metal ions in industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Nikiforova
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Sheremetievskiy Avenue, 7, Ivanovo 153000, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Kozlov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Higher Molecular Compounds, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Sheremetievskiy Avenue, 7, Ivanovo 153000, Russia;
| | - Pavel Razgovorov
- Institute of Civil and Transport Engineers, Yaroslavl State Technical University, Moskovsky Prosp., 88, Yaroslavl 150023, Russia;
| | - Natalia Politaeva
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg 195251, Russia; (K.V.); (P.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Ksenia Velmozhina
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg 195251, Russia; (K.V.); (P.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Polina Shinkevich
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg 195251, Russia; (K.V.); (P.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Valentina Chelysheva
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg 195251, Russia; (K.V.); (P.S.); (V.C.)
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Geana EI, Ciucure CT, Tamaian R, Marinas IC, Gaboreanu DM, Stan M, Chitescu CL. Antioxidant and Wound Healing Bioactive Potential of Extracts Obtained from Bark and Needles of Softwood Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1383. [PMID: 37507922 PMCID: PMC10376860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in the extraction of phytochemical bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols from biomass, has recently increased due to their valuable biological potential as natural sources of antioxidants, which could be used in a wide range of applications, from foods and pharmaceuticals to green polymers and bio-based materials. The present research study aimed to provide a comprehensive chemical characterization of the phytochemical composition of forest biomass (bark and needles) of softwood species (Picea abies L., H. Karst., and Abies alba Mill.) and to investigate their in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities to assess their potential in treating and healing infected chronic wounds. The DPPH radical-scavenging method and P-LD were used for a mechanistic explanation of the biomolecular effects of the investigated bioactive compounds. (+)-Catechin, epicatechin, rutin, myricetin, 4 hydroxybenzoic and p-cumaric acids, kaempherol, and apigenin were the main quantified polyphenols in coniferous biomass (in quantities around 100 µg/g). Also, numerous phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, terpenes, lignans, secoiridoids, and indanes with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihemolytic, and anti-carcinogenic potential were identified. The Abies alba needle extract was more toxic to microbial strains than the eukaryotic cells that provide its active wound healing principles. In this context, developing industrial upscaling strategies is imperative for the long-term success of biorefineries and incorporating them as part of a circular bio-economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeta-Irina Geana
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Corina Teodora Ciucure
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Radu Tamaian
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Ioana Cristina Marinas
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Diana Mădălina Gaboreanu
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna Stan
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Carmen Lidia Chitescu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
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6
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Lee EL, Barnes J. Pine bark. J Prim Health Care 2023; 15:192-194. [PMID: 37390034 DOI: 10.1071/hc23064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Lyn Lee
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo Barnes
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Mediterranean Food Industry By-Products as a Novel Source of Phytochemicals with a Promising Role in Cancer Prevention. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248655. [PMID: 36557789 PMCID: PMC9784942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is recognized as a sustainable dietary approach with beneficial health effects. This is highly relevant, although the production of typical Mediterranean food, i.e., olive oil or wine, processed tomatoes and pomegranate products, generates significant amounts of waste. Ideally, this waste should be disposed in an appropriate, eco-friendly way. A number of scientific papers were published recently showing that these by-products can be exploited as a valuable source of biologically active components with health benefits, including anticancer effects. In this review, accordingly, we elaborate on such phytochemicals recovered from the food waste generated during the processing of vegetables and fruits, typical of the Mediterranean diet, with a focus on substances with anticancer activity. The molecular mechanisms of these phytochemicals, which might be included in supporting treatment and prevention of various types of cancer, are presented. The use of bioactive components from food waste may improve the economic feasibility and sustainability of the food processing industry in the Mediterranean region and can provide a new strategy to approach prevention of cancer.
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Ro KS, Jong SI, Sin JI, Ryu UR, Jong CJ, Kim JH, Kim KC. Supplementation of Pinus densiflora bark extract-chitosan composite improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal health in weaned piglets. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Beszterda M, Frański R. Seasonal Qualitative Variations of Phenolic Content in the Stem Bark of
Prunus persica
var.
nucipersica
‐ Implication for the Use of the Bark as a Source of Bioactive Compounds. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Beszterda
- Poznań University of Life Sciences Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis Mazowiecka 48 60-623 Poznań Poland
| | - Rafał Frański
- Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8 61-614 Poznań Poland
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Kim KC, Sin SI, Ri MR, Jo CH, Mun SH. Effect of dietary Pinus densiflora bark extract on activity and mRNA expression of antioxidant enzyme in weaning piglets. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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Chemical Characterisation, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Pinus pinaster Ait. and Pinus pinea L. Bark Polar Extracts: Prospecting Forestry By-Products as Renewable Sources of Bioactive Compounds. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Agroforestry by-products have gained rising attention in recent years as they represent inexpensive and abundant raw materials that are a source of added-value chemicals, e.g., for food and pharmaceutical applications, as well as for bioenergy generation. Pinus pinaster Ait. bark extracts are consumed worldwide for their cardiovascular benefits, whilst the health potential of Pinus pinea L. bark has not yet been deeply exploited. Therefore, this study highlights the chemical characterisation of Portuguese P. pinaster Ait. and P. pinea L. bark polar extracts, via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-MSn) analysis, and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Quinic acid, an A-type procyanidin dimer isomer, protocatechuic acid, and quercetin were identified for the first time as P. pinea L. bark components. Moreover, this bark demonstrated a higher total content of identified polar compounds than P. pinaster Ait. bark, with quinic acid being the most abundant compound identified. Regarding antioxidant activity, the pine bark polar extracts exhibited strong reducing power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging effects compared to natural antioxidants. Moreover, the bactericidal actions of pine bark extracts were shown against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at a 3.13–25 mg mL−1 range. Globally, these promising insights can boost the sustainable exploitation of P. pinea L. bark, as already occurs with P. pinaster Ait. bark, for the food and biomedical fields.
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Macovei I, Luca SV, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Sacarescu L, Pascariu P, Ghilan A, Doroftei F, Ursu EL, Rimbu CM, Horhogea CE, Lungu C, Vochita G, Panainte AD, Nechita C, Corciova MA, Miron A. Phyto-Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Conifer Bark Extracts and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial and Cytogenotoxic Effects. Molecules 2021; 27:217. [PMID: 35011449 PMCID: PMC8746316 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles synthesized using plant extracts as reducing and capping agents showed various biological activities. In the present study, colloidal silver nanoparticle solutions were produced from the aqueous extracts of Picea abies and Pinus nigra bark. The phenolic profile of bark extracts was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was monitored using UV-Vis spectroscopy by measuring the Surface Plasmon Resonance band. Silver nanoparticles were characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray and transmission electron microscopy analyses. The antimicrobial and cytogenotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles were evaluated by disk diffusion and Allium cepa assays, respectively. Picea abies and Pinus nigra bark extract derived silver nanoparticles were spherical (mean hydrodynamic diameters of 78.48 and 77.66 nm, respectively) and well dispersed, having a narrow particle size distribution (polydispersity index values of 0.334 and 0.224, respectively) and good stability (zeta potential values of -10.8 and -14.6 mV, respectively). Silver nanoparticles showed stronger antibacterial, antifungal, and antimitotic effects than the bark extracts used for their synthesis. Silver nanoparticles obtained in the present study are promising candidates for the development of novel formulations with various therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Macovei
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (C.L.); (A.D.P.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (C.L.); (A.D.P.); (M.A.C.)
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, D-85354 Freising, Germany;
| | | | - Liviu Sacarescu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (L.S.); (P.P.); (A.G.); (F.D.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Petronela Pascariu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (L.S.); (P.P.); (A.G.); (F.D.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Alina Ghilan
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (L.S.); (P.P.); (A.G.); (F.D.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Florica Doroftei
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (L.S.); (P.P.); (A.G.); (F.D.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Elena-Laura Ursu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (L.S.); (P.P.); (A.G.); (F.D.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Cristina Mihaela Rimbu
- Department of Public Health, Ion Ionescu de la Brad University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Cristina Elena Horhogea
- Department of Public Health, Ion Ionescu de la Brad University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Cristina Lungu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (C.L.); (A.D.P.); (M.A.C.)
| | | | - Alina Diana Panainte
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (C.L.); (A.D.P.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Constantin Nechita
- Marin Dracea National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, 725100 Campulung Moldovenesc, Romania;
| | - Maria Andreia Corciova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (C.L.); (A.D.P.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Anca Miron
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (C.L.); (A.D.P.); (M.A.C.)
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Wenig C, Dunlop JWC, Hehemeyer-Cürten J, Reppe FJ, Horbelt N, Krauthausen K, Fratzl P, Eder M. Advanced materials design based on waste wood and bark. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2021; 379:20200345. [PMID: 34334027 PMCID: PMC8330000 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trees belong to the largest living organisms on Earth and plants in general are one of our main renewable resources. Wood as a material has been used since the beginning of humankind. Today, forestry still provides raw materials for a variety of applications, for example in the building industry, in paper manufacturing and for various wood products. However, many parts of the tree, such as reaction wood, branches and bark are often discarded as forestry residues and waste wood, used as additives in composite materials or burned for energy production. More advanced uses of bark include the extraction of chemical substances for glues, food additives or healthcare, as well as the transformation to advanced carbon materials. Here, we argue that a proper understanding of the internal fibrous structure and the resulting mechanical behaviour of these forest residues allows for the design of materials with greatly varying properties and applications. We show that simple and cheap treatments can give tree bark a leather-like appearance that can be used for the construction of shelters and even the fabrication of woven textiles. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlett Wenig
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - John W. C. Dunlop
- Department of the Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Morphophysics Group, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johanna Hehemeyer-Cürten
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Friedrich J. Reppe
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nils Horbelt
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Karin Krauthausen
- Cluster of Excellence ‘Matters of Activity. Image Space Material’ at Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michaela Eder
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Mármol I, Quero J, Ibarz R, Ferreira-Santos P, Teixeira JA, Rocha CM, Pérez-Fernández M, García-Juiz S, Osada J, Martín-Belloso O, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ. Valorization of agro-food by-products and their potential therapeutic applications. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Nisca A, Ștefănescu R, Stegăruș DI, Mare AD, Farczadi L, Tanase C. Phytochemical Profile and Biological Effects of Spruce ( Picea abies) Bark Subjected to Ultrasound Assisted and Microwave-Assisted Extractions. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050870. [PMID: 33925920 PMCID: PMC8145950 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The bark of various tree species is a byproduct of the forestry industry that is not used at its full potential, considering the wide range of phytochemicals that are contained in these vegetal matrices and the health benefits that these compounds could provide for society. Our goal was to assess and compare the phytochemical composition of some hydroalcoholic spruce (Picea abies) bark extracts attained by ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and their antioxidant and antibacterial effects. The levels of total phenolics and tannins in the bark extracts were determined using methods based on the Folin-Ciocâlteu reagent, while specific phenolic and volatile compounds were identified and quantified using an UPLC-PDA method and a GC-FID method, respectively. After the chemical composition assessment, the antioxidant capacity (AC) was evaluated by measuring the scavenging ability against two free radicals (DPPH and ABTS). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to assess the antibacterial activity of the extracts. The results indicated that the extracts produced by UAE had higher contents of polyphenols and tannins and also a higher content of the main phenolic compounds identified, catechin and epicatechin, compared to the MAE extracts. In contrast the highest content of volatile terpenoids (mainly α- and β-pinene) was found in the MAE extracts. All of the tested extracts exhibited relatively high antioxidant activities (especially the UAE extracts) and low MICs against Gram-positive bacteria but were mildly efficient against Gram-negative bacteria. These findings show that the spruce bark might be an important source of bioactive compounds that can be easily extracted from these industrial secondary products. Various uses of this vegetal material may emerge, due to its antioxidant and antibacterial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Nisca
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (R.Ș.)
| | - Ruxandra Ștefănescu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (R.Ș.)
| | - Diana Ionela Stegăruș
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Râmnicu Vâlcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania;
| | - Anca Delia Mare
- Department of Microbiology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Mureș, Romania;
| | - Lenard Farczadi
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Corneliu Tanase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
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16
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Artichoke By-Products as Natural Source of Phenolic Food Ingredient. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11093788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the transformation activity of the food industry results in the generation of a huge amount of daily discarded vegetables wastes. One of those undervalued by-products are produced during the post-harvesting and processing process of artichokes. In the present research, the potential of artichokes’ bracts and stalks have been evaluated as a natural source of phenolic compounds which could be used as bioactive food ingredients, among others. In this study, the bioactive composition of those wastes has been evaluated using recent advances in extraction and analytical technologies, concretely, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to electrospray time-of flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF/MS) analysis. To achieve this goal, first, the extraction process was evaluated by a comparative study using GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) solvents (mixtures of ethanol and water) at different temperatures (40–200 °C). The second step was to deeply characterize the composition of individual polyphenols by HPLC-ESI-TOF/MS in order to establish a comparison among the different PLE conditions applied to extract the phenolic fraction. The analysis revealed a wide variety of phenolic-composition, mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids. The results also highlighted that high percentages of ethanol and medium-high temperatures pointed out to be useful PLE conditions for recovering this kind of phytochemicals, which could be used in different applications, such as functional food ingredients, cosmetics, or nutraceuticals.
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Ferreira-Santos P, Ibarz R, Fernandes JM, Pinheiro AC, Botelho C, Rocha CMR, Teixeira JA, Martín-Belloso O. Encapsulated Pine Bark Polyphenolic Extract during Gastrointestinal Digestion: Bioaccessibility, Bioactivity and Oxidative Stress Prevention. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020328. [PMID: 33557122 PMCID: PMC7913864 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic extracts from pine bark have reported different biological actions and promising beneficial effects on human health. However, its susceptibility to environmental stresses (temperature, storage, etc.) and physiological human conditions prequires the development of efficient protection mechanisms to allow effective delivering of functionality. The aim of this work was to encapsulate pine bark extract rich phenolic compounds by spray-drying using maltodextrin, and understand the influence of encapsulation on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds during gastrointestinal digestion. The optimized process conditions allowed good encapsulation efficiency of antioxidant phenolic compounds. The microencapsulation was effective in protecting those compounds during gastrointestinal conditions, controlling their delivery and enhancing its health benefits, decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species implicated in the process of oxidative stress associated with some pathologies. Finally, this encapsulation system was able to protect these extracts against acidic matrices, making the system suitable for the nutritional enrichment of fermented foods or fruit-based beverages, providing them antimicrobial protection, because the encapsulated extract was effective against Listeria innocua. Overall, the designed system allowed protecting and appropriately delivering the active compounds, and may find potential application as a natural preservative and/or antioxidant in food formulations or as bioactive ingredient with controlled delivery in pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ferreira-Santos
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (P.F.-S.); (J.-M.F.); (A.C.P.); (C.B.); (C.M.R.R.)
| | - Raquel Ibarz
- Agrotecnio Center, Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain; (R.I.); (O.M.-B.)
| | - Jean-Michel Fernandes
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (P.F.-S.); (J.-M.F.); (A.C.P.); (C.B.); (C.M.R.R.)
| | - Ana Cristina Pinheiro
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (P.F.-S.); (J.-M.F.); (A.C.P.); (C.B.); (C.M.R.R.)
| | - Cláudia Botelho
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (P.F.-S.); (J.-M.F.); (A.C.P.); (C.B.); (C.M.R.R.)
| | - Cristina M. R. Rocha
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (P.F.-S.); (J.-M.F.); (A.C.P.); (C.B.); (C.M.R.R.)
| | - José António Teixeira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (P.F.-S.); (J.-M.F.); (A.C.P.); (C.B.); (C.M.R.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253604406
| | - Olga Martín-Belloso
- Agrotecnio Center, Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain; (R.I.); (O.M.-B.)
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18
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Milić N, Milanović M, Četojević-Simin D, Malenčić Đ, Prvulović D, Pavkov N, Radulović Z, Milošević N, Rašković A, Mandić A. Phytochemical characterization and effects on cell proliferation of Pinus nigra Arn. bark. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2000416. [PMID: 33491801 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pinus nigra Arn. bark extracts from Mokra gora (MG) and Tara mountains were analyzed with regard to their polyphenolic profile and antioxidative and antiproliferative activity. The ethanol extract from MG showed the highest phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, and proanthocyanidin content when compared with the acetone and methanol extracts from both sites. The same extract exhibited the highest ABTS (2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) radical scavenging ability and total antioxidant activity (TAA). On the basis of high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, catechin, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids were predominantly present in the MG extracts. The ethanol extract from MG was rich in syringic acid, epicatechin and its derivatives, and ferulic acid and its derivatives. The bark extracts also exerted a high cytotoxic bioactivity against all evaluated cell lines (HeLa, MCF7, HT-29, and MRC-5). The antiproliferative activity of P. nigra bark is probably related to the ferulic acid content and its synergistic activity to caffeic acid and taxifolin. The antioxidative role of the presented phenols was confirmed through the obtained significant linear correlation between the total phenolic content and DPPH (r = .934) as well as the FRAP% of the extracts (r = .948). Also, the TAA significantly depended on the proanthocyanidins (r = .902) and tannin contents (r = .914). The composition of the presented compounds could be related to promising antioxidant and antiproliferative efficacy of MG bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Milić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja Milanović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Đorđe Malenčić
- Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dejan Prvulović
- Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nina Pavkov
- Faculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Nataša Milošević
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Rašković
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Anamarija Mandić
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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19
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Koutsaviti A, Toutoungy S, Saliba R, Loupassaki S, Tzakou O, Roussis V, Ioannou E. Antioxidant Potential of Pine Needles: A Systematic Study on the Essential Oils and Extracts of 46 Species of the Genus Pinus. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010142. [PMID: 33445574 PMCID: PMC7827367 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of the essential oils, as well as of the organic and hydroethanolic extracts, of the fresh needles of 54 pine taxa was evaluated using the peroxy-oxalate and luminol chemiluminescence assays. Among all evaluated essential oils, P. canariensis and P. attenuata displayed the highest levels of activity. P. contorta var. murrayana, followed by P. nigra var. caramanica, exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity among the organic extracts, while the most active hydroethanolic extract was that of P. nigra subsp. nigra. Based on the overall levels of activity, the latter taxon was selected for phytochemical analysis targeting the isolation of the bioactive constituents. As such, the organic extract of P. nigra subsp. nigra was subjected to chromatographic separations to yield 11 secondary metabolites (1-11) that were evaluated for their antioxidant activity. Nonetheless, the isolated compounds were found to be less active than the crude extract, thus suggesting the potential role of synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Koutsaviti
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Samer Toutoungy
- Department of Food Quality and Chemistry of Natural Products, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania—Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, 73100 Chania, Greece; (S.T.); (R.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Rouba Saliba
- Department of Food Quality and Chemistry of Natural Products, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania—Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, 73100 Chania, Greece; (S.T.); (R.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Sofia Loupassaki
- Department of Food Quality and Chemistry of Natural Products, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania—Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, 73100 Chania, Greece; (S.T.); (R.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Olga Tzakou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-727-4913
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20
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Dridi W, Bordenave N. Pine Bark Phenolic Extracts, Current Uses, and Potential Food Applications: A Review. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1866-1879. [PMID: 32048960 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200212113903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize the main findings from research on food uses of Pine Bark Phenolic Extracts (PBPE), their origin, methods of extraction, composition, health effects, and incorporation into food products. METHODS A narrative review of all the relevant papers known to the authors was conducted. RESULTS PBPE are mainly extracted from the bark Pinus pinaster. They are generally rich in procyanidins and their effects on health in the form of nutritional supplements include effect on some forms of cancer, on diabetes, on eye and skin health. Their method of extraction influences greatly their composition and yield, and commercially suitable methods are still to be developed. Incorporation into food products raises challenges related to bioavailability and subsequent bioactivity and sensory properties of the final products. CONCLUSION PBPE represent an opportunity for the development of functional foods with phenolic-rich bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Dridi
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bordenave
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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21
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Abstract
Polyphenols constitute a diverse array of naturally occurring secondary metabolites found in plants which, when consumed, have been shown to promote human health. Greater consumption may therefore aid in the fight against diseases such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, etc. Tree bark is polyphenol-rich and has potential to be used in food supplements. However, it is important to gain insight into the polyphenol profile of different barks to select the material with greatest concentration and diversity. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was coupled with an ion mobility time-of-flight high-definition/high-resolution mass spectrometer (UPLC-HDMSE) to profile ethanol extracts of three common tree barks (Pinus contorta, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur) alongside a commercial reference (Pycnogenol® extracted from Pinus pinaster). Through the use of Progenesis QI informatics software, 35 high scoring components with reported significance to health were tentatively identified across the three bark extracts following broadly the profile of Pycnogenol®. Scots Pine had generally higher compound abundances than in the other two extracts. Oak bark extract showed the lowest abundances but exhibited higher amounts of naringenin and 3-O-methylrosmarinic acid. We conclude that forestry bark waste provides a rich source of extractable polyphenols suitable for use in food supplements and so can valorise this forestry waste stream.
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22
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In vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) bracts and receptacles ethanolic extract. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Ferreira-Santos P, Zanuso E, Genisheva Z, Rocha CMR, Teixeira JA. Green and Sustainable Valorization of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Pinus By-Products. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122931. [PMID: 32630539 PMCID: PMC7356352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In Europe, pine forests are one of the most extended forests formations, making pine residues and by-products an important source of compounds with high industrial interest as well as for bioenergy production. Moreover, the valorization of lumber industry residues is desirable from a circular economy perspective. Different extraction methods and solvents have been used, resulting in extracts with different constituents and consequently with different bioactivities. Recently, emerging and green technologies as ultrasounds, microwaves, supercritical fluids, pressurized liquids, and electric fields have appeared as promising tools for bioactive compounds extraction in alignment with the Green Chemistry principles. Pine extracts have attracted the researchers’ attention because of the positive bioproperties, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-neurodegenerative, antitumoral, cardioprotective, etc., and potential industrial applications as functional foods, food additives as preservatives, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Phenolic compounds are responsible for many of these bioactivities. However, there is not much information in the literature about the individual phenolic compounds of extracts from the pine species. The present review is about the reutilization of residues and by-products from the pine species, using ecofriendly technologies to obtain added-value bioactive compounds for industrial applications.
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Ferreira-Santos P, Genisheva Z, Botelho C, Santos J, Ramos C, Teixeira JA, Rocha CM. Unravelling the Biological Potential of Pinus pinaster Bark Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040334. [PMID: 32325962 PMCID: PMC7222395 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds from agro-food by-products have fostered interest in food industries. The aim of this study was to unravel potential uses for Pinus pinaster bark extracts (PBE). As functional features of this type of extracts are usually attributed to phenolic compounds, the extraction process was studied. Different PBEs were achieved, with high content in phenolic compounds, using different water/ethanol combinations as a solvent. These PBEs were chemically characterized, and their bioactivity and in vitro cell viability were evaluated. Extracts obtained with hydroethanolic solvents had higher content in phenolic and flavonoid compounds. All the PBEs presented high antioxidant, antibacterial and antihyperglycemic activities. Moreover, PBEs have low cytotoxicity and a selective activity against cancer cells as these were negatively affected. These features may allow the extracts to be used in food formulation and processing (as preservatives, antioxidants or bioactive ingredients), but they showed also potential for the pharmaceutical or nutraceutical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ferreira-Santos
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); Tel.: +351-253-604-426; (P.F.-S.); +351-253-604-423 (C.M.R.R.)
| | - Zlatina Genisheva
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Botelho
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Santos
- CISAS—Centro de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Sistemas Agroalimentares e Sustentabilidade, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Carla Ramos
- CISAS—Centro de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Sistemas Agroalimentares e Sustentabilidade, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - José A. Teixeira
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cristina M.R. Rocha
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); Tel.: +351-253-604-426; (P.F.-S.); +351-253-604-423 (C.M.R.R.)
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25
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Jiménez-Moreno N, Cimminelli MJ, Volpe F, Ansó R, Esparza I, Mármol I, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Ancín-Azpilicueta C. Phenolic Composition of Artichoke Waste and its Antioxidant Capacity on Differentiated Caco-2 Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081723. [PMID: 31349733 PMCID: PMC6723629 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Artichoke waste represents a huge amount of discarded material. This study presents the by-products (bracts, exterior leaves, and stalks) of the "Blanca de Tudela" artichoke variety as a potential source of phenolic compounds with promising antioxidant properties. Artichoke residues were subjected to different extraction processes, and the antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of the extracts were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses, respectively. The most abundant polyphenols in artichoke waste were chlorogenic acid, luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, and luteolin-7-O-glucoside. Minor quantities of cynarin, luteolin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-rutinoside, and naringenin-7-O-glucoside were also found. The antioxidant activity of the obtained extracts determined by ABTS [2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)], DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrilhydracyl), and FRAP (Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power) was highly correlated with the total concentration of phenolic compounds. Chlorogenic acid, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, the most abundant compounds in 60% methanol extracts, are the components most responsible for the antioxidant activity of the artichoke waste extracts. The extract with the best antioxidant capacity was selected to assay its antioxidant potential on a model intestinal barrier. This action of the hydroxycinnamic acids on intestinal cells (Caco-2) was confirmed. In summary, artichoke waste may be considered a very interesting ingredient for food functionalization and for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Jiménez-Moreno
- Department of Sciences, InaMat, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María José Cimminelli
- Department of Sciences, InaMat, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francesca Volpe
- Department of Sciences, InaMat, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Raul Ansó
- Department of Sciences, InaMat, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Esparza
- Department of Sciences, InaMat, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inés Mármol
- Department. of Pharmacology and Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, C/ Miguel Servet 177, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Department. of Pharmacology and Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, C/ Miguel Servet 177, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carmen Ancín-Azpilicueta
- Department of Sciences, InaMat, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
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