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Tank R, Diaz A, Ashford MT, Miller MJ, Eichenbaum J, Aaronson A, Landavazo B, Neuhaus J, Weiner MW, Mackin RS, Barnes J, Nosheny RL. Examining Demographic Factors, Psychosocial Wellbeing and Cardiovascular Health in Subjective Cognitive Decline in the Brain Health Registry Cohort. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:787-797. [PMID: 38706295 PMCID: PMC11061024 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is defined as an individual's perception of sustained cognitive decline compared to their normal state while still performing within boundaries for normal functioning. Demographic, psychosocial and medical factors have been linked to age-related cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). However, their relation to risk for SCD remains unclear. This study aims to identify demographic factors, psychosocial and cardiovascular health associated with SCD within the Brain Health Registry (BHR) online cohort. METHODS Participants aged 55+ (N=27,596) in the BHR self-reported SCD measured using the Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog) and medical conditions, depressive symptoms, body mass index, quality of sleep, health, family history of AD, years of education, race, ethnicity and gender. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine whether SCD was associated with demographic, psychosocial, and medical conditions. RESULTS We found that advanced age, depressive symptoms, poorer sleep quality and poorer quality of health were positively associated with more self-reported SCD in all models. No race or ethnicity differences were found in association with SCD. Males who reported alcohol and tobacco use or underweight BMI had higher ECog scores compared with females. CONCLUSION In addition to well-established risk factors for cognitive decline, such as age, our study consistently and robustly identified a strong association between psychosocial factors and self-reported cognitive decline in an online cohort. These findings provide further evidence that psychosocial health plays a pivotal role in comprehending the risk of SCD and early-stage cognitive ageing. Our findings emphasise the significance of psychosocial factors within the broader context of cardiovascular and demographic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tank
- Rachana Tank, Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom,
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Harrogate S, Barnes J, Thomas K, Isted A, Kunst G, Gupta S, Rudd S, Banerjee T, Hinchliffe R, Mouton R. Peri-operative tobacco cessation interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anaesthesia 2023; 78:1393-1408. [PMID: 37656151 PMCID: PMC10952322 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is associated with a substantially increased risk of postoperative complications. The peri-operative period offers a unique opportunity to support patients to stop tobacco smoking, avoid complications and improve long-term health. This systematic review provides an up-to-date summary of the evidence for tobacco cessation interventions in surgical patients. We conducted a systematic search of randomised controlled trials of tobacco cessation interventions in the peri-operative period. Quantitative synthesis of the abstinence outcomes data was by random-effects meta-analysis. The primary outcome of the meta-analysis was abstinence at the time of surgery, and the secondary outcome was abstinence at 12 months. Thirty-eight studies are included in the review (7310 randomised participants) and 26 studies are included in the meta-analysis (5969 randomised participants). Studies were pooled for subgroup analysis in two ways: by the timing of intervention delivery within the peri-operative period and by the intensity of the intervention protocol. We judged the quality of evidence as moderate, reflecting the degree of heterogeneity and the high risk of bias. Overall, peri-operative tobacco cessation interventions increased successful abstinence both at the time of surgery, risk ratio (95%CI) 1.48 (1.20-1.83), number needed to treat 7; and 12 months after surgery, risk ratio (95%CI) 1.62 (1.29-2.03), number needed to treat 9. More work is needed to inform the design and optimal delivery of interventions that are acceptable to patients and that can be incorporated into contemporary elective and urgent surgical pathways. Future trials should use standardised outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Harrogate
- Elizabeth Blackwell InstituteUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Anaesthesia, North Bristol NHS TrustBristolUK
| | - J. Barnes
- Department of Anaesthesia, North Bristol NHS TrustBristolUK
| | - K. Thomas
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - A. Isted
- Department of Anaesthesia, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - G. Kunst
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Anaesthesia, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - S. Gupta
- Department of AnaesthesiaUniversity Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation TrustBristolUK
| | - S. Rudd
- North Bristol NHS TrustBristolUK
| | | | - R. Hinchliffe
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Vascular Services, North Bristol NHS TrustBristolUK
| | - R. Mouton
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Anaesthesia, North Bristol NHS TrustBristolUK
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Razak S, Hignett S, Barnes J, Hancox G. The Standardization of the Emergency Department Response to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Events: Human Factors/Ergonomics Approach. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e487. [PMID: 37694303 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide standardized recommendations for the emergency department (ED) response to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) events by combining the human factors/ergonomics method of hierarchical task analysis with the theoretical framework for Work as Imagined versus Work as Done. METHODS Document analyses were used to represent CBRN response operational procedures. Semi-structured interviews using scenario cards were carried out with 57 first receivers (ED staff) to represent CBRN practice at 2 acute hospitals in England. RESULTS Variability existed in general organizational responsibilities associated with the CBRN response. Variability was further evident in top level CBRN tasks and CBRN phases at both EDs. Operational procedures focused on tasks such as documentation, checking, and timing. CBRN practice focused on patient needs through assessment, treatment, and diagnosis. CONCLUSION The findings provide top-down and bottom-up insights to enhance the ED CBRN response through standardization. The standardized CBRN action card template embeds the choice approach to standardization. The standardized CBRN framework implements the streamlined categorization of CBRN phases. Work as Imagined versus Work as Done is a useful theoretical framework to unpack a complex sociotechnical system, and hierarchical task analysis is an effective system mapping tool in health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saydia Razak
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Hignett
- School of Design & Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- School of Design & Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Hancox
- Digital Technology Services, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Milosavljevic A, Barnes J. Ganoderma lucidum. J Prim Health Care 2023; 15:290-292. [PMID: 37756238 DOI: 10.1071/hc23105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jo Barnes
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Lee EL, Barnes J. Pine bark. J Prim Health Care 2023; 15:192-194. [PMID: 37390034 DOI: 10.1071/hc23064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Lyn Lee
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo Barnes
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Verma S, Ramsay A, Drezek K, Pico A, Chubrikova O, Barnes J, Guiry J, Winship T, D'Alessandro D, Ton V, Coglianese E. Post-Implant Outcomes in Diabetic vs. Non-Diabetic Durable LVAD Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Chubrikova O, Ramsay A, Drezek K, Verma S, Winship T, Barnes J, Guiry J, Pico A, D'Alessandro D, Ton V, Coglianese E. Effects of ICU Infection on Durable LVAD Patient Outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Kureshi RR, Thakker D, Mishra BK, Barnes J. From Raising Awareness to a Behavioural Change: A Case Study of Indoor Air Quality Improvement Using IoT and COM-B Model. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:3613. [PMID: 37050669 PMCID: PMC10098860 DOI: 10.3390/s23073613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The topic of indoor air pollution has yet to receive the same level of attention as ambient pollution. We spend considerable time indoors, and poorer indoor air quality affects most of us, particularly people with respiratory and other health conditions. There is a pressing need for methodological case studies focusing on informing households about the causes and harms of indoor air pollution and supporting changes in behaviour around different indoor activities that cause it. The use of indoor air quality (IAQ) sensor data to support behaviour change is the focus of our research in this paper. We have conducted two studies-first, to evaluate the effectiveness of the IAQ data visualisation as a trigger for the natural reflection capability of human beings to raise awareness. This study was performed without the scaffolding of a formal behaviour change model. In the second study, we showcase how a behaviour psychology model, COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation-Behaviour), can be operationalised as a means of digital intervention to support behaviour change. We have developed four digital interventions manifested through a digital platform. We have demonstrated that it is possible to change behaviour concerning indoor activities using the COM-B model. We have also observed a measurable change in indoor air quality. In addition, qualitative analysis has shown that the awareness level among occupants has improved due to our approach of utilising IoT sensor data with COM-B-based digital interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameez Raja Kureshi
- School of Computer Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, UK; (R.R.K.); (B.K.M.)
| | - Dhavalkumar Thakker
- School of Computer Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, UK; (R.R.K.); (B.K.M.)
| | - Bhupesh Kumar Mishra
- School of Computer Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, UK; (R.R.K.); (B.K.M.)
| | - Jo Barnes
- Air Quality Management Resource Centre, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;
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9
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Milosavljevic A, Barnes J. Garcinia. J Prim Health Care 2023; 15:98-99. [PMID: 37000542 DOI: 10.1071/hc23019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jo Barnes
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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10
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Barnes J, Brown L, Morris A, Stuttard N. Bus passenger injury prevention: Learning from onboard incidents. Traffic Inj Prev 2022; 24:98-102. [PMID: 36480229 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2022.2146982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bus travel is relatively safe: however there remains a lack of understanding of passenger injury incidents onboard buses. The objective of this study was to understand more about onboard passenger incidents to help inform injury mitigation. METHODS The UK national STATS19 data and Transport for London bus incident data (IRIS) were used to determine the size of the problem in Greater London. Other data including onboard incident reports from two bus operators and CCTV footage of 70 incidents were used to understand passenger injury in more depth and identify common themes and challenges. RESULTS The STATS19 and IRIS analysis showed that there was a difference between nationally reported bus incidents compared to locally reported bus incidents. Non-collision incidents are prevalent in the data suggesting there is a large problem to tackle. The CCTV and bus incident data identified braking to be the single largest problem in onboard bus passenger injury incidents. Inconsistent reporting of passenger incidents and injury descriptions make it difficult to identify injury patterns and trends. Areas on the bus appear to contribute to higher injury incidents namely those seats facing and closest to the wheelchair area. Other challenges relating to expected passenger and driver behaviors were noted where blame for the incident and outcome can be attributed to both parties. CONCLUSIONS This combined analysis of incident reports and CCTV footage has enabled a better understanding of the events leading to on-board passenger injury incidents. Preventing harsh braking would appear to be the most effective way of reducing passenger injuries. Additionally improved data collection would assist both transport authorities and bus operators to identify and monitor the effect of bus safety improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Barnes
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Laurie Brown
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Andrew Morris
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Keuss SE, Cash DM, Nicholas JM, Parker TD, Lane CA, Keshavan A, Buchanan SM, Wagen AZ, Storey M, Harris MJ, Lu K, James S, Street RE, Barnes J, Malone IB, Sudre CH, Thomas DL, Dickson J, Murray‐Smith H, Freiberger T, Wong A, Crutch SJ, Richards M, Fox NC, Schott JM, Coath W. Rates of cortical thinning in Alzheimer’s disease signature regions: pathological influences and cognitive consequences in members of the 1946 British birth cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Keuss
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - David M Cash
- Institute of Neurology, University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M Nicholas
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D Parker
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- UK DRI Centre for Care Research and Technology, Imperial College London London United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Lane
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Ashvini Keshavan
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Sarah M Buchanan
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Z Wagen
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Mathew Storey
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Harris
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Lu
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Sarah‐Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca E Street
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Ian B Malone
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London London United Kingdom
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London London United Kingdom
| | - David L Thomas
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - John Dickson
- UCL Institute of Nuclear Medicine London United Kingdom
| | - Heidi Murray‐Smith
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Tamar Freiberger
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian J Crutch
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Nick C Fox
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute, UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - William Coath
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayna Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, PB 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo Barnes
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, PB 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Barnes
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, PB 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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14
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Jakeman M, Barnes J, Taghizadeh R. Prevention and Management of Post-Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Abdominal Bulge: a Five-year Single Surgeon Series. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022; 75:3683-3689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Martinez L, Cacciottolo P, Barnes J, Sylvester K, Oates K, Kydd A, Lewis C, Parameshwar J, Pettit S, Bhagra S. Circulatory Power is Superior to Peak Oxygen Consumption in Predicting Adverse Outcomes in Ambulatory Patients Assessed for Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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16
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Logan T, Barnes J, Ton V, Thomas S, Camuso J, Milley K, Dempsey A, D'Alessandro D, Coglianese E. Outcomes in Patients with a Centrifugal Flow with Full Magnetic Levitation Left Ventricular Assist Device (CF-FML LVAD) Who Did Not Receive Bridging with a Continuous Heparin Infusion (CHI) After Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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17
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Staton M, Barnes J, Morris A, Waterson P. 'Over to you': using a STAMP control structure analysis to probe deeper into the control of UK road safety at a municipal level - the case of Cambridgeshire. Ergonomics 2022; 65:429-444. [PMID: 34387141 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1968033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The UK has seen little progress in reducing road death over the last decade and as a result, the government has been criticised by industry stakeholders for a lack of leadership, including the removal of national targets in 2011 and the devolution of powers to a municipal level. The aim of this paper is to understand how decision-making at a municipal level takes place from a systems perspective, using the case study of Cambridgeshire. Actors involved were mapped using a STAMP control structure analysis and highlighted a key role for formal and informal partnerships between local and national government agencies and non-government organisations at the same level in the control structure. The changing international context of the model for the UK is also discussed in relation to the UK's withdrawal from the European Union and provides a useful tool for future analysis of its effect on policy and decision-making. Practitioner summary: This paper uses a STAMP control structure analysis to understand how decision-making at a municipal level takes place from a systems perspective, using the case study of Cambridgeshire. It highlights a key role for formal and informal partnerships between organisations at the same level in the control structure. Abbreviations: STAMP: System Theoretic Accident Model and Processes; STAMP-CAST: Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes - Causal Analysis using Systems Theory; FRAM: Functional Resonance Analysis Method; HFACS: Human Factors Analysis and Classification Scheme; NGO: Non-Government organisation; iRAP: International Road Assessment Programme; EuroRAP: European Road Assessment Programme; NCAP: New Car Assessment Programme; CCG: Clinical Commissioning Group; GP: General Practitioner; PPE: Personal Protective Equipment; SD: standard deviation; Beds: Bedfordshire; Cambs: Cambridgeshire; Herts: Hertfordshire; Pboro: Peterborough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Staton
- Cambridgeshire County Council, Vantage House, Huntingdon, UK
- Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Jo Barnes
- Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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18
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de Silva E, Sudre CH, Barnes J, Scelsi MA, Altmann A. Do polygenic scores of cerebral small vessel disease MRI markers predict white matter lesions? Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.053985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric de Silva
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre London United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London London United Kingdom
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | - Andre Altmann
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
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Chen H, de Silva E, Sudre CH, Barnes J, Young AL, Oxtoby NP, Barkhof F, Alexander DC, Altmann A. What do data‐driven Alzheimer’s disease subtypes tell us about white matter pathology and clinical progression? Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.054028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Chen
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Eric de Silva
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre London United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London London United Kingdom
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra L. Young
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London London United Kingdom
| | - Neil P. Oxtoby
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
- Amsterdam University Medical Centre Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Daniel C. Alexander
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Andre Altmann
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
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20
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Prosser L, Macdougall A, Fiford CM, Sudre CH, Manning EN, Malone IB, Walsh P, Goodkin O, Pemberton H, Barkhof F, Biessels GJ, Cash DM, Barnes J. Baseline MRI and CSF measurements in cognitively normal individuals as prognostic markers of progression to mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.053861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Prosser
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Amy Macdougall
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom
| | - Cassidy M. Fiford
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Carole H. Sudre
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom
- Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Emily N. Manning
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Ian B. Malone
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Phoebe Walsh
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Olivia Goodkin
- Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Pemberton
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom
- VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam Netherlands
| | | | - David M. Cash
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
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21
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McPhillie R, Barnes J, Tillin T, Chaturvedi N, Hughes AD, Jäger HR, Sudre CH. Beyond WMH volume: Coalescence score as a new measure of cerebral small‐vessel disease pattern. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.053034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jo Barnes
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Carole H. Sudre
- University College London London United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom
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22
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Kellezi B, Dhiman P, Coupland C, Whitehead J, Morriss R, Joseph S, Beckett K, Sleney J, Barnes J, Kendrick D. Mental health and other factors associated with work productivity after injury in the UK: multicentre cohort study. Inj Prev 2021; 28:131-140. [PMID: 34462332 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2021-044311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health conditions are a major contributor to productivity loss and are common after injury. This study quantifies postinjury productivity loss and its association with preinjury and postinjury mental health, injury, demographic, health, social and other factors. METHODS Multicentre, longitudinal study recruiting hospitalised employed individuals aged 16-69 years with unintentional injuries, followed up at 1, 2, 4 and 12 months. Participants completed questionnaires on injury, demographic factors, health (including mental health), social factors, other factors and on-the-job productivity upon return to work (RTW). ORs were estimated for above median productivity loss using random effects logistic regression. RESULTS 217 adults had made an RTW at 2, 4 or 12 months after injury: 29% at 2 months, 66% at 4 months and 83% at 12 months. Productivity loss reduced over time: 3.3% of working time at 2 months, 1.7% at 4 months, 1% at 12 months. Significantly higher productivity loss was associated with preinjury psychiatric conditions (OR 21.40, 95% CI 3.50 to 130.78) and post-traumatic stress avoidance symptoms at 1 month (OR for 1-unit increase in score 1.15, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.22). Significantly lower productivity loss was associated with male gender (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.74), upper and lower limb injuries (vs other body regions, OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.81) and sports injuries (vs home, OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.78). Preinjury psychiatric conditions and gender remained significant in analysis of multiply imputed data. CONCLUSIONS Unintentional injury results in substantial productivity loss. Females, those with preinjury psychiatric conditions and those with post-traumatic stress avoidance symptoms experience greater productivity loss and may require additional support to enable successful RTW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blerina Kellezi
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK .,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Paula Dhiman
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Medicine, Research Design Service East Midlands (RDS EM), Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Carol Coupland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joanne Whitehead
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Richard Morriss
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen Joseph
- School of Education, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Jude Sleney
- Department of Sociology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Jo Barnes
- Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Denise Kendrick
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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23
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Brown L, Barnes J, Hayes E. Traffic-related air pollution reduction at UK schools during the Covid-19 lockdown. Sci Total Environ 2021; 780:146651. [PMID: 34030317 PMCID: PMC8580804 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Elevated urban Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) is a consequence of road traffic and other fossil-fuel combustion sources, and the road transport sector provides a significant contribution to UK NO2 emissions. The inhalation of traffic-related air pollution, including NO2, can cause a range of problems to human health. Due to their developing organs, children are particularly susceptible to the negative effects of air pollution inhalation. Accordingly, schools and associated travel behaviours present an important area of study for the reduction of child exposure to these harmful pollutants. COVID-19 reached the UK in late January 2020. On the 23rd of March that year, the UK government announced a nationwide stay-at-home order, or lockdown, banning all non-essential travel and contact with people outside of their own homes. The lockdown was accompanied by the closure of schools, public facilities, amenities, businesses and places of worship. The current study aims to assess the significance of nationwide NO2 reductions at schools in England as a consequence of the lockdown in order to highlight the benefits of associated behavioural changes within the context of schools in England and potential child exposure. NO2 data were collected from all AURN (Automatic Urban and Rural Network) monitoring sites within 500 m of nurseries, primary schools, secondary schools and colleges in England. A significant reduction of mean NO2 concentrations was observed in the first month of the UK lockdown at background (-35.13%) and traffic (-40.82%) sites. Whilst lockdown restrictions are undoubtedly unsustainable, the study results demonstrate the possible reductions of NO2 at schools in England and potential reductions of child exposure that are achievable when public behaviours shift towards active travel, work from home policies and generally lower use of polluting vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Brown
- Air Quality Management Resource Centre (AQMRC), University of the West of England (UWE Bristol), Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Jo Barnes
- Air Quality Management Resource Centre (AQMRC), University of the West of England (UWE Bristol), Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Enda Hayes
- Air Quality Management Resource Centre (AQMRC), University of the West of England (UWE Bristol), Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
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24
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Mackey S, Barnes J, Pike K, De Carvalho D. The relation between the flexion relaxation phenomenon onset angle and lumbar spine muscle reflex onset time in response to 30 min of slumped sitting. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2021; 58:102545. [PMID: 33756279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2021.102545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Viscoelastic creep of spine tissue, induced by submaximal spine flexion in sitting, can delay the onset of the flexion-relaxation phenomenon (FRP) and low back reflexes (LBR). Theoretically, these two outcome measures should be correlated; however, no studies have investigated this. This study aims to determine whether 30 min of near-maximal spine flexion will affect the onset of FRP and LBR in the lumbar erector spinae (LS) and lumbar multifidus (LM), and to examine the relation between these parameters. 15 participants were recruited (9F, 6M). Spine angle (between L1 and S2) was monitored synchronously with bilateral muscle activity in the LS (L1) and the LM (L4). FRP onset and LBR were measured in a randomized order before and after 30 min of slouched sitting. No significant difference was found for any muscle LBR onset time between pre and post-sitting (p > 0.05). A significant increase in FRP onset was found in the RLM (p = 0.016) following sitting. No significant correlation was found between the FRP and the LBR for any muscle. These results suggest that the LBR onset might not be as sensitive as an outcome measure to investigate shorter exposures of sitting as FRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mackey
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's NL, Canada
| | - J Barnes
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's NL, Canada
| | - K Pike
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's NL, Canada
| | - D De Carvalho
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's NL, Canada.
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25
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Storey M, James S, Lane CA, Barnes J, Sudre CH, Parker TD, Lu K, Keshavan A, Buchanan SM, Keuss SE, Wagen A, Cash DM, Malone IB, Coath W, Prosser L, Nicholas JM, Murray‐Smith H, Wong A, Hughes A, Chaturvedi N, Fox NC, Richards M, Schott JM. Mid‐life blood pressure and microstructural white matter: Findings from the 1946 British birth cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.045707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Storey
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Sarah‐Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | | | - Jo Barnes
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D Parker
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Lu
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Sarah E Keuss
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Wagen
- UCL Dementia Research Centre London United Kingdom
| | - David M Cash
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Ian B Malone
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - William Coath
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | - Jennifer M Nicholas
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Nick C Fox
- UK Dementia Research Institute London United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
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26
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Keuss SE, Poole T, Cash DM, Lane CA, Parker TD, Buchanan SM, Keshavan A, Coath W, Malone IB, Thomas DL, Sudre CH, Barnes J, Lu K, James S, Wagen A, Storey M, Murray‐Smith H, Wong A, Richards M, Fox NC, Schott JM. Cerebral amyloid and white matter hyperintensity volume are independently associated with rates of cerebral atrophy in Insight 46, a sub‐study of the 1946 British birth cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.044924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Keuss
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Poole
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom
| | - David M Cash
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas D Parker
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - William Coath
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Ian B Malone
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - David L Thomas
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Lu
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Sarah‐Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Wagen
- UCL Dementia Research Centre London United Kingdom
| | - Mathew Storey
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Nick C Fox
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute London United Kingdom
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27
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Schott JM, Lane CA, Barnes J, Keuss SE, James S, Lu K, Sudre CH, Cash DM, Parker TD, Malone IB, Keshavan A, Murray‐Smith H, Wong A, Buchanan SM, Gordon E, Coath W, Barnes A, Dickson J, Modat M, Thomas DL, Chaturvedi N, Hughes A, Crutch SJ, Richards M, Fox NC. Vascular risk factors and amyloid pathology: Additive or interactive associations? Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.037922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | - Jo Barnes
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Keuss
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Sarah‐Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Lu
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - David M Cash
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D Parker
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Ian B Malone
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | | | - Elizabeth Gordon
- Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom
| | - William Coath
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Anna Barnes
- UCL Institute of Nuclear Medicine London United Kingdom
| | - John Dickson
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Marc Modat
- Translational Imaging Group Centre for Medical Image Computing, UCL, London United Kingdom
| | - David L Thomas
- Brain Repair and Rehabilitation UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Sebastian J Crutch
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Nick C Fox
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
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28
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James S, Lane CA, Parker TD, Keshavan A, Buchanan SM, Keuss SE, Cash DM, Malone IB, Barnes J, Sudre CH, Coath W, Prosser L, Nicholas JM, Murray‐Smith H, Wong A, Hughes A, Chaturvedi N, Fox NC, Richards M, Schott JM. Lifetime cigarette smoking and later‐life brain health: The population‐based 1946 British Birth Cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.041111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah‐Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas D Parker
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Sarah E Keuss
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - David M Cash
- Centre for Medical Image Computing UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Ian B Malone
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - William Coath
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | - Jennifer M Nicholas
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Nick C Fox
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
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29
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Okoli C, Schwenk A, Radford M, Myland M, Taylor S, Darley A, Barnes J, Fox A, Grimson F, Reeves I, Munshi S, Croucher A, Boxall N, Benn P, Paice A, van Wyk J, Khoo S. Polypharmacy and potential drug-drug interactions for people with HIV in the UK from the Climate-HIV database. HIV Med 2020; 21:471-480. [PMID: 32671950 PMCID: PMC7497154 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives People with HIV (PWHIV) are likely to need therapies for comorbidities as they age. We assessed risk of drug–drug interactions (DDIs) in PWHIV. Methods The Climate‐HIV electronic recording system was used to cross‐sectionally analyse records from PWHIV aged ≥ 18 years attending four UK HIV units with a current antiretroviral (ARV) prescription in February 2018. Antiretroviral and non‐ARV medications were categorized by clinical significance of DDIs (University of Liverpool DDI tool). Potential DDIs were predicted using treatment guidelines for commonly recorded comorbidities. Results Among 4630 PWHIV (44% female), 41% were ≥ 50 years old. The average number of non‐ARV comedications increased from < 1 for patients aged ≤ 24 years to > 5 for patients aged ≥ 75 years; 65% were taking one or more non‐ARV comedications. The median (interquartile range) number of non‐ARVs was 1 (0–2) and 2 (1–5) for those aged < 50 and ≥ 50 years, respectively. Common comorbidities/concurrent health conditions occurred more frequently in patients aged ≥ 50 years vs. < 50 (53% vs. 34%). Boosted protease inhibitors were associated with the highest proportion of contraindicated comedications; dolutegravir and raltegravir had the fewest. For non‐ARVs, sildenafil and quetiapine were most likely to result in DDIs. Guideline‐recommended treatments for hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and tuberculosis had the highest proportions of contraindications when combined with ARV regimens, while treatments for hepatitis C, malignancy, and mental health conditions had the highest proportion of combinations potentially causing DDIs requiring dose monitoring or adjustment. Conclusions Non‐ARV use by PWHIV is high and increases with age. Treatment decisions for ageing PWHIV should consider guideline recommendations for comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Okoli
- ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, UK
| | - A Schwenk
- North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - M Myland
- IQVIA Real World Insights, UK & Ireland, London, UK
| | - S Taylor
- Birmingham Heartlands HIV Service, Department of Infection and Immunology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Darley
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - J Barnes
- Birmingham Heartlands HIV Service, Department of Infection and Immunology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Fox
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - F Grimson
- IQVIA Real World Insights, UK & Ireland, London, UK
| | - I Reeves
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Munshi
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Croucher
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - N Boxall
- IQVIA Real World Insights, UK & Ireland, London, UK
| | - P Benn
- ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, UK
| | - A Paice
- ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, UK
| | | | - S Khoo
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Kellezi B, Earthy S, Sleney J, Beckett K, Barnes J, Christie N, Horsley D, Jones T, Kendrick D. What can trauma patients' experiences and perspectives tell us about the perceived quality of trauma care? a qualitative study set within the UK National Health Service. Injury 2020; 51:1231-1237. [PMID: 32127201 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The global drive for improvements in the efficiency and quality of healthcare has led to the development of frameworks to assist in defining and measuring 'good quality care'. However, such frameworks lack a systematic or meaningful definition of what 'good quality care' means from the patients' perspective. The present research provides an in-depth analysis of patients' experiences in a hospital setting from a quality of care perspective. Forty-five adults (aged 16-70) hospitalised in one of four UK NHS trusts following an unintentional injury were interviewed about their experiences of care. The findings show variability in perceived quality of care within the same hospital episode which cannot be meaningfully captured by existing frameworks. The context of trauma care (e.g. distressing nature of injury, patient vulnerability, expectations of hospitalisation and participants' interaction with different service providers) defined the care experience and the value of being 'cared for'. Participants identified some aspects of good and care which related to holistic, person-centred and personalised care beyond the medical needs. Participants discussed the value of being understood, staff thinking of their needs beyond hospitalisation, staff trying 'their best' despite constrains of current care, having their emotional needs recognised and addressed and staff competence. Patients reported also poor quality of care and 'not being cared for' by specific staff groups which they expected to fulfil this role, rushed and unsympathetic care, lack of recognition for emotional impact of injury mapped onto existing quality frameworks e.g. safety, equity, accessibility and patient-centeredness as well as quality of interaction with providers, empathetic care which extended beyond medical needs, coordination of care, and the positivity of care delivery as important dimensions of quality care with implications for their recovery. The findings have implications for quality frameworks and theoretical definitions of quality of care; they demonstrate the importance of patient experience in addition to clinical effectiveness and safety as an essential dimension of quality care. In terms of practice, the findings support the need to incorporate knowledge and training of injured adults' psychological needs, and the value of interaction with professionals as a patient defined dimension of the quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kellezi
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham, NG1 4BU. United Kingdom; Division of Primary Care, floor 13, Tower Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - S Earthy
- Department of Interprofessional Studies, Faculty of Education, Health and Social Care, University of Winchester, Sparkford Road, Winchester, NH, SO22 4NR, United Kingdom
| | - J Sleney
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts and Human Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - K Beckett
- University of the West of England, Based at: Oakfield House, School for Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, United Kingdom
| | - J Barnes
- Design School, Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - N Christie
- Centre for Transport Studies, UCL, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D Horsley
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham, NG1 4BU. United Kingdom
| | - T Jones
- Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) East Midlands, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Kendrick
- Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, floor 13, Tower Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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31
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Barnes J, Loftis KL, Jones L, Price JP, Gillich PJ, Cookman K, Brammer AL, St Germain T, Graymire V, Nayduch DA, Brennan M. Development of an expert derived ICD-AIS map for serious AIS3+ injury identification. Traffic Inj Prev 2020; 21:181-187. [PMID: 32141775 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2020.1725494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the mapping project was to develop an expert derived map between the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) clinical modifications (CM) and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) to be able to relate AIS severity to ICD coded data road traffic collision data in EU datasets. The maps were developed to enable the identification of serious AIS3+ injury and provide details of the mapping process for assumptions to be made about injury severity from mass datasets. This article describes in detail the mapping process of the International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and the International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes to the Abbreviated Injury Scale 2005, Update 2008 (AIS08) codes to identify injury with an AIS severity of 3 or more (AIS3+ severity) to determine 'serious' (MAIS3+) road traffic injuries.Methods: Over 19,000 ICD codes were mapped from the following injury categories; injury ICD-9-CM (Chapter 17) codes between '800 and 999.9' and injury ICD-10-CM (Chapter 19) 'S' and 'T' prefixed codes were reviewed and mapped to an AIS08 category and then relate the severity to three groups; AIS3+, AIS < =2 and AIS 9 (no-map). The mapping was undertaken by ICD coding experts and certified AIS specialists from Europe, North America, Australia and Canada in face-to-face working groups and subsequent webinars between May 2014 and October 2015. During the process, the business rules were documented to define guidelines for the mapping process and enable inter-rater discrepancies to be resolved.Results: In total 2,504 ICD-9-CM codes were mapped to the AIS, of which 780 (31%) were assigned an AIS3+ severity. For the16,508 ICD-10-CM mapped codes a total of 2,323 (14%) were assigned an AIS3+ severity. Some 17% (n = 426) and 27% (n = 4,485) of ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes respectively were assigned to AIS9 (no-map) following the mapping process. It was evident there were 'problem' codes that could not be easily mapped to an AIS code to reflect severity. Problem maps affect the specificity of the map and severity when used to translate historical data in large datasets.Conclusions: The Association for the Advancement in Automotive Medicine, AAAM-endorsed expert-derived map offers a unique tool to road safety researchers to establish the number of MAIS3+ serious injuries occurring on the roads. The detailed process offered in this paper will enable researchers to understand the decision making and identify limitations when using the AIS08/ICD map on country-specific data. The results could inform protocols for dealing with problem codes to enable country comparisons of MAIS3+ serious injury rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Barnes
- School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathryn L Loftis
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lauren Jones
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Janet P Price
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Patrick J Gillich
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathy Cookman
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amy L Brammer
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Trish St Germain
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vickie Graymire
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Donna A Nayduch
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maureen Brennan
- Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Chicago, Illinois
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Halkyard E, Alsayed T, Angus F, Barnes J, Bayman N, Blackhall F, Cooksley T, Kasipandian V, Monaghan P, Trainer P, Higham C. Salt ‘n’ Safe: introduction of guidelines for the management of hyponatraemia at a specialist oncology treatment centre. Lung Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(20)30225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Barnes J, Saldanha J, Lucera E. Preclinical pilot study results of 24-h apomorphine subcutaneous infusion delivered via the h-Patch wearable device. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wu MR, Barnes J, Martínez-Pinedo G, Metzger BD. Fingerprints of Heavy-Element Nucleosynthesis in the Late-Time Lightcurves of Kilonovae. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:062701. [PMID: 30822042 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.062701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The kilonova emission observed following the binary neutron star merger event GW170817 provided the first direct evidence for the synthesis of heavy nuclei through the rapid neutron capture process (r process). The late-time transition in the spectral energy distribution to near-infrared wavelengths was interpreted as indicating the production of lanthanide nuclei, with atomic mass number A≳140. However, compelling evidence for the presence of even heavier third-peak (A≈195) r-process elements (e.g., gold, platinum) or translead nuclei remains elusive. At early times (∼days) most of the r-process heating arises from a large statistical ensemble of β decays, which thermalize efficiently while the ejecta is still dense, generating a heating rate that is reasonably approximated by a single power law. However, at later times of weeks to months, the decay energy input can also possibly be dominated by a discrete number of α decays, ^{223}Ra (half-life t_{1/2}=11.43 d), ^{225}Ac (t_{1/2}=10.0 d, following the β decay of ^{225}Ra with t_{1/2}=14.9 d), and the fissioning isotope ^{254}Cf (t_{1/2}=60.5 d), which liberate more energy per decay and thermalize with greater efficiency than β-decay products. Late-time nebular observations of kilonovae which constrain the radioactive power provide the potential to identify signatures of these individual isotopes, thus confirming the production of heavy nuclei. In order to constrain the bolometric light to the required accuracy, multiepoch and wideband observations are required with sensitive instruments like the James Webb Space Telescope. In addition, by comparing the nuclear heating rate obtained with an abundance distribution that follows the solar r abundance pattern, to the bolometric lightcurve of AT2017gfo, we find that the yet-uncertain r abundance of ^{72}Ge plays a decisive role in powering the lightcurve, if one assumes that GW170817 has produced a full range of the solar r abundances down to mass number A∼70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ru Wu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - J Barnes
- Department of Physics and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, Pupin Hall, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - G Martínez-Pinedo
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik (Theoriezentrum), Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 2, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B D Metzger
- Department of Physics and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, Pupin Hall, New York, New York 10027, USA
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McLean K, Glasbey J, Borakati A, Brooks T, Chang H, Choi S, Goodson R, Nielsen M, Pronin S, Salloum N, Sewart E, Vanniasegaram D, Drake T, Gillies M, Harrison E, Chapman S, Khatri C, Kong C, Claireaux H, Bath M, Mohan M, McNamee L, Kelly M, Mitchell H, Fitzgerald J, Bhangu A, Nepogodiev D, Antoniou I, Dean R, Davies N, Trecarten S, Henderson I, Holmes C, Wylie J, Shuttleworth R, Jindal A, Hughes F, Gouda P, Fleck R, Hanrahan M, Karunakaran P, Chen J, Sykes M, Sethi R, Suresh S, Patel P, Patel M, Varma R, Mushtaq J, Gundogan B, Bolton W, Khan T, Burke J, Morley R, Favero N, Adams R, Thirumal V, Kennedy E, Ong K, Tan Y, Gabriel J, Bakhsh A, Low J, Yener A, Paraoan V, Preece R, Tilston T, Cumber E, Dean S, Ross T, McCance E, Amin H, Satterthwaite L, Clement K, Gratton R, Mills E, Chiu S, Hung G, Rafiq N, Hayes J, Robertson K, Dynes K, Huang H, Assadullah S, Duncumb J, Moon R, Poo S, Mehta J, Joshi K, Callan R, Norris J, Chilvers N, Keevil H, Jull P, Mallick S, Elf D, Carr L, Player C, Barton E, Martin A, Ratu S, Roberts E, Phan P, Dyal A, Rogers J, Henson A, Reid N, Burke D, Culleton G, Lynne S, Mansoor S, Brennan C, Blessed R, Holloway C, Hill A, Goldsmith T, Mackin S, Kim S, Woin E, Brent G, Coffin J, Ziff O, Momoh Z, Debenham R, Ahmed M, Yong C, Wan J, Copley H, Raut P, Chaudhry F, Nixon G, Dorman C, Tan R, Kanabar S, Canning N, Dolaghan M, Bell N, McMenamin M, Chhabra A, Duke K, Turner L, Patel T, Chew L, Mirza M, Lunawat S, Oremule B, Ward N, Khan M, Tan E, Maclennan D, McGregor R, Chisholm E, Griffin E, Bell L, Hughes B, Davies J, Haq H, Ahmed H, Ungcharoen N, Whacha C, Thethi R, Markham R, Lee A, Batt E, Bullock N, Francescon C, Davies J, Shafiq N, Zhao J, Vivekanantham S, Barai I, Allen J, Marshall D, McIntyre C, Wilson H, Ashton A, Lek C, Behar N, Davis-Hall M, Seneviratne N, Esteve L, Sirakaya M, Ali S, Pope S, Ahn J, Craig-McQuaide A, Gatfield W, Leong S, Demetri A, Kerr A, Rees C, Loveday J, Liu S, Wijesekera M, Maru D, Attalla M, Smith N, Brown D, Sritharan P, Shah A, Charavanamuttu V, Heppenstall-Harris G, Ng K, Raghvani T, Rajan N, Hulley K, Moody N, Williams M, Cotton A, Sharifpour M, Lwin K, Bright M, Chitnis A, Abdelhadi M, Semana A, Morgan F, Reid R, Dickson J, Anderson L, McMullan R, Ahern N, Asmadi A, Anderson L, Boon Xuan JL, Crozier L, McAleer S, Lees D, Adebayo A, Das M, Amphlett A, Al-Robeye A, Valli A, Khangura J, Winarski A, Ali A, Woodward H, Gouldthrope C, Turner M, Sasapu K, Tonkins M, Wild J, Robinson M, Hardie J, Heminway R, Narramore R, Ramjeeawon N, Hibberd A, Winslow F, Ho W, Chong B, Lim K, Ho S, Crewdson J, Singagireson S, Kalra N, Koumpa F, Jhala H, Soon W, Karia M, Rasiah M, Xylas D, Gilbert H, Sundar-Singh M, Wills J, Akhtar S, Patel S, Hu L, Brathwaite-Shirley C, Nayee H, Amin O, Rangan T, Turner E, McCrann C, Shepherd R, Patel N, Prest-Smith J, Auyoung E, Murtaza A, Coates A, Prys-Jones O, King M, Gaffney S, Dewdney C, Nehikhare I, Lavery J, Bassett J, Davies K, Ahmad K, Collins A, Acres M, Egerton C, Cheng K, Chen X, Chan N, Sheldon A, Khan S, Empey J, Ingram E, Malik A, Johnstone M, Goodier R, Shah J, Giles J, Sanders J, McLure S, Pal S, Rangedara A, Baker A, Asbjoernsen C, Girling C, Gray L, Gauntlett L, Joyner C, Qureshi S, Mogan Y, Ng J, Kumar A, Park J, Tan D, Choo K, Raman K, Buakuma P, Xiao C, Govinden S, Thompson O, Charalambos M, Brown E, Karsan R, Dogra T, Bullman L, Dawson P, Frank A, Abid H, Tung L, Qureshi U, Tahmina A, Matthews B, Harris R, O'Connor A, Mazan K, Iqbal S, Stanger S, Thompson J, Sullivan J, Uppal E, MacAskill A, Bamgbose F, Neophytou C, Carroll A, Rookes C, Datta U, Dhutia A, Rashid S, Ahmed N, Lo T, Bhanderi S, Blore C, Ahmed S, Shaheen H, Abburu S, Majid S, Abbas Z, Talukdar S, Burney L, Patel J, Al-Obaedi O, Roberts A, Mahboob S, Singh B, Sheth S, Karia P, Prabhudesai A, Kow K, Koysombat K, Wang S, Morrison P, Maheswaran Y, Keane P, Copley P, Brewster O, Xu G, Harries P, Wall C, Al-Mousawi A, Bonsu S, Cunha P, Ward T, Paul J, Nadanakumaran K, Tayeh S, Holyoak H, Remedios J, Theodoropoulou K, Luhishi A, Jacob L, Long F, Atayi A, Sarwar S, Parker O, Harvey J, Ross H, Rampal R, Thomas G, Vanmali P, McGowan C, Stein J, Robertson V, Carthew L, Teng V, Fong J, Street A, Thakker C, O'Reilly D, Bravo M, Pizzolato A, Khokhar H, Ryan M, Cheskes L, Carr R, Salih A, Bassiony S, Yuen R, Chrastek D, Rosen O'Sullivan H, Amajuoyi A, Wang A, Sitta O, Wye J, Qamar M, Major C, Kaushal A, Morgan C, Petrarca M, Allot R, Verma K, Dutt S, Chilima C, Peroos S, Kosasih S, Chin H, Ashken L, Pearse R, O'Loughlin R, Menon A, Singh K, Norton J, Sagar R, Jathanna N, Rothwell L, Watson N, Harding F, Dube P, Khalid H, Punjabi N, Sagmeister M, Gill P, Shahid S, Hudson-Phillips S, George D, Ashwood J, Lewis T, Dhar M, Sangal P, Rhema I, Kotecha D, Afzal Z, Syeed J, Prakash E, Jalota P, Herron J, Kimani L, Delport A, Shukla A, Agarwal V, Parthiban S, Thakur H, Cymes W, Rinkoff S, Turnbull J, Hayat M, Darr S, Khan U, Lim J, Higgins A, Lakshmipathy G, Forte B, Canning E, Jaitley A, Lamont J, Toner E, Ghaffar A, McDowell M, Salmon D, O'Carroll O, Khan A, Kelly M, Clesham K, Palmer C, Lyons R, Bell A, Chin R, Waldron R, Trimble A, Cox S, Ashfaq U, Campbell J, Holliday R, McCabe G, Morris F, Priestland R, Vernon O, Ledsam A, Vaughan R, Lim D, Bakewell Z, Hughes R, Koshy R, Jackson H, Narayan P, Cardwell A, Jubainville C, Arif T, Elliott L, Gupta V, Bhaskaran G, Odeleye A, Ahmed F, Shah R, Pickard J, Suleman Y, North A, McClymont L, Hussain N, Ibrahim I, Ng G, Wong V, Lim A, Harris L, Tharmachandirar T, Mittapalli D, Patel V, Lakhani M, Bazeer H, Narwani V, Sandhu K, Wingfield L, Gentry S, Adjei H, Bhatti M, Braganza L, Barnes J, Mistry S, Chillarge G, Stokes S, Cleere J, Wadanamby S, Bucko A, Meek J, Boxall N, Heywood E, Wiltshire J, Toh C, Ward A, Shurovi B, Horth D, Patel B, Ali B, Spencer T, Axelson T, Kretzmer L, Chhina C, Anandarajah C, Fautz T, Horst C, Thevathasan A, Ng J, Hirst F, Brewer C, Logan A, Lockey J, Forrest P, Keelty N, Wood A, Springford L, Avery P, Schulz T, Bemand T, Howells L, Collier H, Khajuria A, Tharakan R, Parsons S, Buchan A, McGalliard R, Mason J, Cundy O, Li N, Redgrave N, Watson R, Pezas T, Dennis Y, Segall E, Hameed M, Lynch A, Chamberlain M, Peck F, Neo Y, Russell G, Elseedawy M, Lee S, Foster N, Soo Y, Puan L, Dennis R, Goradia H, Qureshi A, Osman S, Reeves T, Dinsmore L, Marsden M, Lu Q, Pitts-Tucker T, Dunn C, Walford R, Heathcote E, Martin R, Pericleous A, Brzyska K, Reid K, Williams M, Wetherall N, McAleer E, Thomas D, Kiff R, Milne S, Holmes M, Bartlett J, Lucas de Carvalho J, Bloomfield T, Tongo F, Bremner R, Yong N, Atraszkiewicz B, Mehdi A, Tahir M, Sherliker G, Tear A, Pandey A, Broyd A, Omer H, Raphael M, Chaudhry W, Shahidi S, Jawad A, Gill C, Fisher IH, Adeleja I, Clark I, Aidoo-Micah G, Stather P, Salam G, Glover T, Deas G, Sim N, Obute R, Wynell-Mayow W, Sait M, Mitha N, de Bernier G, Siddiqui M, Shaunak R, Wali A, Cuthbert G, Bhudia R, Webb E, Shah S, Ansari N, Perera M, Kelly N, McAllister R, Stanley G, Keane C, Shatkar V, Maxwell-Armstrong C, Henderson L, Maple N, Manson R, Adams R, Semple E, Mills M, Daoub A, Marsh A, Ramnarine A, Hartley J, Malaj M, Jewell P, Whatling E, Hitchen N, Chen M, Goh B, Fern J, Rogers S, Derbyshire L, Robertson D, Abuhussein N, Deekonda P, Abid A, Harrison P, Aildasani L, Turley H, Sherif M, Pandey G, Filby J, Johnston A, Burke E, Mohamud M, Gohil K, Tsui A, Singh R, Lim S, O'Sullivan K, McKelvey L, O'Neill S, Roberts H, Brown F, Cao Y, Buckle R, Liew Y, Sii S, Ventre C, Graham C, Filipescu T, Yousif A, Dawar R, Wright A, Peters M, Varley R, Owczarek S, Hartley S, Khattak M, Iqbal A, Ali M, Durrani B, Narang Y, Bethell G, Horne L, Pinto R, Nicholls K, Kisyov I, Torrance H, English W, Lakhani S, Ashraf S, Venn M, Elangovan V, Kazmi Z, Brecher J, Sukumar S, Mastan A, Mortimer A, Parker J, Boyle J, Elkawafi M, Beckett J, Mohite A, Narain A, Mazumdar E, Sreh A, Hague A, Weinberg D, Fletcher L, Steel M, Shufflebotham H, Masood M, Sinha Y, Jenvey C, Kitt H, Slade R, Craig A, Deall C, Reakes T, Chervenkoff J, Strange E, O'Bryan M, Murkin C, Joshi D, Bergara T, Naqib S, Wylam D, Scotcher S, Hewitt C, Stoddart M, Kerai A, Trist A, Cole S, Knight C, Stevens S, Cooper G, Ingham R, Dobson J, O'Kane A, Moradzadeh J, Duffy A, Henderson C, Ashraf S, McLaughin C, Hoskins T, Reehal R, Bookless L, McLean R, Stone E, Wright E, Abdikadir H, Roberts C, Spence O, Srikantharajah M, Ruiz E, Matthews J, Gardner E, Hester E, Naran P, Simpson R, Minhas M, Cornish E, Semnani S, Rojoa D, Radotra A, Eraifej J, Eparh K, Smith D, Mistry B, Hickling S, Din W, Liu C, Mithrakumar P, Mirdavoudi V, Rashid M, Mcgenity C, Hussain O, Kadicheeni M, Gardner H, Anim-Addo N, Pearce J, Aslanyan A, Ntala C, Sorah T, Parkin J, Alizadeh M, White A, Edozie F, Johnston J, Kahar A, Navayogaarajah V, Patel B, Carter D, Khonsari P, Burgess A, Kong C, Ponweera A, Cody A, Tan Y, Ng A, Croall A, Allan C, Ng S, Raghuvir V, Telfer R, Greenhalgh A, McKerr C, Edison M, Patel B, Dear K, Hardy M, Williams P, Hassan S, Sajjad U, O'Neill E, Lopes S, Healy L, Jamal N, Tan S, Lazenby D, Husnoo S, Beecroft S, Sarvanandan T, Weston C, Bassam N, Rabinthiran S, Hayat U, Ng L, Varma D, Sukkari M, Mian A, Omar A, Kim J, Sellathurai J, Mahmood J, O'Connell C, Bose R, Heneghan H, Lalor P, Matheson J, Doherty C, Cullen C, Cooper D, Angelov S, Drislane C, Smith A, Kreibich A, Palkhi E, Durr A, Lotfallah A, Gold D, Mckean E, Dhanji A, Anilkumar A, Thacoor A, Siddiqui Z, Lim S, Piquet A, Anderson S, McCormack D, Gulati J, Ibrahim A, Murray S, Walsh S, McGrath A, Ziprin P, Chua E, Lou C, Bloomer J, Paine H, Osei-Kuffour D, White C, Szczap A, Gokani S, Patel K, Malys M, Reed A, Torlot G, Cumber E, Charania A, Ahmad S, Varma N, Cheema H, Austreng L, Petra H, Chaudhary M, Zegeye M, Cheung F, Coffey D, Heer R, Singh S, Seager E, Cumming S, Suresh R, Verma S, Ptacek I, Gwozdz A, Yang T, Khetarpal A, Shumon S, Fung T, Leung W, Kwang P, Chew L, Loke W, Curran A, Chan C, McGarrigle C, Mohan K, Cullen S, Wong E, Toale C, Collins D, Keane N, Traynor B, Shanahan D, Yan A, Jafree D, Topham C, Mitrasinovic S, Omara S, Bingham G, Lykoudis P, Miranda B, Whitehurst K, Kumaran G, Devabalan Y, Aziz H, Shoa M, Dindyal S, Yates J, Bernstein I, Rattan G, Coulson R, Stezaker S, Isaac A, Salem M, McBride A, McFarlane H, Yow L, MacDonald J, Bartlett R, Turaga S, White U, Liew W, Yim N, Ang A, Simpson A, McAuley D, Craig E, Murphy L, Shepherd P, Kee J, Abdulmajid A, Chung A, Warwick H, Livesey A, Holton P, Theodoreson M, Jenkin S, Turner J, Entwisle J, Marchal S, O'Connor S, Blege H, Aithie J, Sabine L, Stewart G, Jackson S, Kishore A, Lankage C, Acquaah F, Joyce H, McKevitt K, Coffey C, Fawaz A, Dolbec K, O'Sullivan D, Geraghty J, Lim E, Bolton L, FitzPatrick D, Robinson C, Ramtoola T, Collinson S, Grundy L, McEnhill P, Harbhajan Singh G, Loughran D, Golding D, Keeling R, Williams R, Whitham R, Yoganathan S, Nachiappan R, Egan R, Owasil R, Kwan M, He A, Goh R, Bhome R, Wilson H, Teoh P, Raji K, Jayakody N, Matthams J, Chong J, Luk C, Greig R, Trail M, Charalambous G, Rocke A, Gardiner N, Bulley F, Warren N, Brennan E, Fergurson P, Wilson R, Whittingham H, Brown E, Khanijau R, Gandhi K, Morris S, Boulton A, Chandan N, Barthorpe A, Maamari R, Sandhu S, McCann M, Higgs L, Balian V, Reeder C, Diaper C, Sale T, Ali H, Archer C, Clarke A, Heskin J, Hurst P, Farmer J, O'Flynn L, Doan L, Shuker B, Stott G, Vithanage N, Hoban K, Nesargikar P, Kennedy H, Grossart C, Tan E, Roy C, Sim P, Leslie K, Sim D, Abul M, Cody N, Tay A, Woon E, Sng S, Mah J, Robson J, Shakweh E, Wing V, Mills H, Li M, Barrow T, Balaji S, Jordan H, Phillips C, Naveed H, Hirani S, Tai A, Ratnakumaran R, Sahathevan A, Shafi A, Seedat M, Weaver R, Batho A, Punj R, Selvachandran H, Bhatt N, Botchey S, Khonat Z, Brennan K, Morrison C, Devlin E, Linton A, Galloway E, McGarvie S, Ramsay N, McRobbie H, Whewell H, Dean W, Nelaj S, Eragat M, Mishra A, Kane T, Zuhair M, Wells M, Wilkinson D, Woodcock N, Sun E, Aziz N, Ghaffar MKA. Critical care usage after major gastrointestinal and liver surgery: a prospective, multicentre observational study. Br J Anaesth 2019; 122:42-50. [PMID: 30579405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient selection for critical care admission must balance patient safety with optimal resource allocation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between critical care admission, and postoperative mortality after abdominal surgery. METHODS This prespecified secondary analysis of a multicentre, prospective, observational study included consecutive patients enrolled in the DISCOVER study from UK and Republic of Ireland undergoing major gastrointestinal and liver surgery between October and December 2014. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore associations between critical care admission (planned and unplanned) and mortality, and inter-centre variation in critical care admission after emergency laparotomy. RESULTS Of 4529 patients included, 37.8% (n=1713) underwent planned critical care admissions from theatre. Some 3.1% (n=86/2816) admitted to ward-level care subsequently underwent unplanned critical care admission. Overall 30-day mortality was 2.9% (n=133/4519), and the risk-adjusted association between 30-day mortality and critical care admission was higher in unplanned [odds ratio (OR): 8.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.51-19.97) than planned admissions (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.43-3.85). Some 26.7% of patients (n=1210/4529) underwent emergency laparotomies. After adjustment, 49.3% (95% CI: 46.8-51.9%, P<0.001) were predicted to have planned critical care admissions, with 7% (n=10/145) of centres outside the 95% CI. CONCLUSIONS After risk adjustment, no 30-day survival benefit was identified for either planned or unplanned postoperative admissions to critical care within this cohort. This likely represents appropriate admission of the highest-risk patients. Planned admissions in selected, intermediate-risk patients may present a strategy to mitigate the risk of unplanned admission. Substantial inter-centre variation exists in planned critical care admissions after emergency laparotomies.
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Affiliation(s)
- AR White
- Dept of Complementary Medicine, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Exeter, 25 Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NT (UK)
| | - NC Abbot
- Dept of Complementary Medicine, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Exeter, 25 Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NT (UK)
| | - J Barnes
- Dept of Complementary Medicine, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Exeter, 25 Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NT (UK)
| | - E Ernst
- Dept of Complementary Medicine, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Exeter, 25 Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NT (UK)
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Kellezi B, Baines DL, Coupland C, Beckett K, Barnes J, Sleney J, Christie N, Kendrick D. The impact of injuries on health service resource use and costs in primary and secondary care in the English NHS. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018; 38:e464-e471. [PMID: 28158513 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - D L Baines
- Centre for Technology Enabled Health Research, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - C Coupland
- Division of Primary Care, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - K Beckett
- Centre for Research in Clinical Practice, University of the West of England/University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust Education Centre, Bristol BS2 8AE, UK
| | - J Barnes
- Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - J Sleney
- Faculty of Arts and Human Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - N Christie
- Centre for Transport Studies, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - D Kendrick
- Division of Primary Care, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Kendrick D, Baker R, Hill T, Beckett K, Coupland C, Kellezi B, Joseph S, Barnes J, Sleney J, Christie N, Morriss R. Early risk factors for depression, anxiety and post-traumatic distress after hospital admission for unintentional injury: Multicentre cohort study. J Psychosom Res 2018; 112:15-24. [PMID: 30097131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify psychological morbidity and identify baseline factors associated with depression, anxiety and post-traumatic distress symptoms up to 12 months post-injury. METHODS Multicentre cohort study of 668 adults, aged 16 to 70, admitted to 4 UK NHS hospital trusts. Data on injury, socio-demographic characteristics and health status was collected at recruitment. Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic distress were measured at 1, 2, 4 and 12 months post-injury. Multilevel linear regression assessed associations between patient and injury characteristics and psychological outcomes over 12 months follow-up. RESULTS Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic distress scores were highest 1 month post-injury, and remained above baseline at 2, 4 and 12 months post-injury. Moderate or severe injuries, previous psychiatric diagnoses, higher pre-injury depression and anxiety scores, middle age (45-64 years), greater deprivation and lower pre-injury quality of life (QoL) were associated with higher depression scores post-injury. Previous psychiatric diagnoses, higher pre-injury depression and anxiety scores, middle age, greater deprivation and lower pre-injury QoL were associated with higher anxiety scores post-injury. Traffic injuries or injuries from being struck by objects, multiple injures (≥3), being female, previous psychiatric diagnoses, higher pre-injury anxiety scores and greater deprivation were associated with higher post-traumatic distress scores post-injury. CONCLUSION A range of risk factors, identifiable shortly after injury, are associated with psychological morbidity occurring up to 12 months post-injury in a general trauma population. Further research is required to explore the utility of these, and other risk factors in predicting psychological morbidity on an individual patient basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kendrick
- Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - R Baker
- Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - T Hill
- Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - K Beckett
- Centre for Health & Clinical Research, University of the West of England, BS16 1DD, UK
| | - C Coupland
- Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - B Kellezi
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, NG1 4BU, UK
| | - S Joseph
- School of Education, University of Nottingham, NG8 1BB, UK
| | - J Barnes
- Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - J Sleney
- Department of Sociology, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - N Christie
- Centre for Transport Studies, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - R Morriss
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK
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Lane CA, Sudre CH, Barnes J, Nicholas JM, Hardy R, Parker TD, Murray-Smith H, Keshavan A, Cash DM, Malone IB, Wong A, Kuh D, Ourselin S, Cardoso MJ, Fox NC, Richards M, Schott JM. O2‐05‐01: INFLUENCES OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD PRESSURE TRAJECTORIES ON CEREBRAL PATHOLOGY AT AGE 70: RESULTS FROM A BRITISH BIRTH COHORT. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Lane
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Carole H. Sudre
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M. Nicholas
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Medical StatisticsLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Hardy
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and AgeingUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Thomas D. Parker
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Heidi Murray-Smith
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ashvini Keshavan
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - David M. Cash
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ian B. Malone
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew Wong
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and AgeingUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Diana Kuh
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and AgeingUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Sebastien Ourselin
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - M. Jorge Cardoso
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Nick C. Fox
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and AgeingUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Schott
- Dementia Research CentreUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
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Córdova-Noboa H, Oviedo-Rondón E, Sarsour A, Barnes J, Ferzola P, Rademacher-Heilshorn M, Braun U. Performance, meat quality, and pectoral myopathies of broilers fed either corn or sorghum based diets supplemented with guanidinoacetic acid. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2479-2493. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Córdova-Noboa H, Oviedo-Rondón E, Sarsour A, Barnes J, Sapcota D, López D, Gross L, Rademacher-Heilshorn M, Braun U. Effect of guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on live performance, meat quality, pectoral myopathies and blood parameters of male broilers fed corn-based diets with or without poultry by-products. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2494-2505. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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42
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Brunt H, Barnes J, Jones SJ, Longhurst JWS, Scally G, Hayes E. Air pollution, deprivation and health: understanding relationships to add value to local air quality management policy and practice in Wales, UK. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018; 39:485-497. [PMID: 27613763 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdw084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Air pollution exposure reduces life expectancy. Air pollution, deprivation and poor-health status combinations can create increased and disproportionate disease burdens. Problems and solutions are rarely considered in a broad public health context, but doing so can add value to air quality management efforts by reducing air pollution risks, impacts and inequalities. Methods An ecological study assessed small-area associations between air pollution (nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter), deprivation status and health outcomes in Wales, UK. Results Air pollution concentrations were highest in 'most' deprived areas. When considered separately, deprivation-health associations were stronger than air pollution-health associations. Considered simultaneously, air pollution added to deprivation-health associations; interactions between air pollution and deprivation modified and strengthened associations with all-cause and respiratory disease mortality, especially in 'most' deprived areas where most-vulnerable people lived and where health needs were greatest. Conclusion There is a need to reduce air pollution-related risks for all. However, it is also the case that greater health gains can result from considering local air pollution problems and solutions in the context of wider health-determinants and acting on a better understanding of relationships. Informed and co-ordinated air pollution mitigation and public health action in high deprivation and pollution areas can reduce risks and inequalities. To achieve this, greater public health integration and collaboration in local air quality management policy and practice is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Brunt
- Air Quality Management Resource Centre, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.,Health Protection Team, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - J Barnes
- Air Quality Management Resource Centre, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - S J Jones
- Health Protection Team, Public Health Wales,Cardiff, UK
| | - J W S Longhurst
- Air Quality Management Resource Centre, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - G Scally
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Urban Environments, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - E Hayes
- Air Quality Management Resource Centre, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
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Gulia S, Nagendra SMS, Barnes J, Khare M. Urban local air quality management framework for non-attainment areas in Indian cities. Sci Total Environ 2018; 619-620:1308-1318. [PMID: 29734608 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing urban air pollution level in Indian cities is one of the major concerns for policy makers due to its impact on public health. The growth in population and increase in associated motorised road transport demand is one of the major causes of increasing air pollution in most urban areas along with other sources e.g., road dust, construction dust, biomass burning etc. The present study documents the development of an urban local air quality management (ULAQM) framework at urban hotspots (non-attainment area) and a pathway for the flow of information from goal setting to policy making. The ULAQM also includes assessment and management of air pollution episodic conditions at these hotspots, which currently available city/regional-scale air quality management plans do not address. The prediction of extreme pollutant concentrations using a hybrid model differentiates the ULAQM from other existing air quality management plans. The developed ULAQM framework has been applied and validated at one of the busiest traffic intersections in Delhi and Chennai cities. Various scenarios have been tested targeting the effective reductions in elevated levels of NOx and PM2.5 concentrations. The results indicate that a developed ULAQM framework is capable of providing an evidence-based graded action to reduce ambient pollution levels within the specified standard level at pre-identified locations. The ULAQM framework methodology is generalised and therefore can be applied to other non-attainment areas of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Gulia
- Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.
| | - S M Shiva Nagendra
- Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
| | - Jo Barnes
- AQMRC, University of West of England, UK.
| | - Mukesh Khare
- Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.
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Nunn J, Barnes J, Morris A, Petherick E, Mackenzie R, Staton M. Identifying MAIS 3+ injury severity collisions in UK police collision records. Traffic Inj Prev 2018; 19:S142-S144. [PMID: 30841812 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2018.1532205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study represents the first stage of a project to identify serious injury, at the level of Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) 3 + (excluding fatal collisions) from within the police collision data. The resulting data will then be used to identify the vehicle drivers concerned and in later studies these will be culpability scored and profiled to allow targeting of interventions. METHOD UK police collision data known as STATS19 for the county of Cambridgeshire were linked using Stata with Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) hospital trauma patient data for the same geographical area for the period April 2012 to March 2017. Linking was 2-stage: A deterministic process followed by a probabilistic process. RESULTS The linked records represent an individual trauma patient from TARN data linked to an individual trauma casualty from STATS19 data. Full collision data for the incident resulting in the trauma casualty were extracted. The resulting subset of collisions has the MAIS 3+ injury criteria applied. From the 10,498 recorded collisions, the deterministic linking process was successful in linking 257 MAIS 3+ trauma patients to collision injury subjects from 232 separate collisions with the probabilistic process linking a further 22 MAIS 3+ subjects from 21 collision events. The combined collision data for the 253 collisions involved 434 motor vehicle drivers. CONCLUSIONS We produced viable results from the available data to identify MAIS 3+ collisions from the overall collision data.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Nunn
- a Design School, Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Jo Barnes
- a Design School, Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Andrew Morris
- a Design School, Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Emily Petherick
- b School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Roderick Mackenzie
- c Accident and Emergency Services, Cambridge University Hospitals, Addenbrookes Hospital , Cambridge , UK
| | - Matt Staton
- d Highway Projects and Road Safety Services, Cambridgeshire County Council , Cambridge , UK
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Petrik L, Green L, Abegunde AP, Zackon M, Sanusi CY, Barnes J. Desalination and seawater quality at Green Point, Cape Town: A study on the effects of marine sewage outfalls. S AFR J SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.17159/sajs.2017/a0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Petrik
- Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lesley Green
- Environmental Humanities South and Department of Anthropology, School of African and Gender Studies, Anthropology and Linguistics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adeola P. Abegunde
- Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Melissa Zackon
- Environmental Humanities South and Department of Anthropology, School of African and Gender Studies, Anthropology and Linguistics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cecilia Y. Sanusi
- Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jo Barnes
- Senior Lecturer Emeritus, Division of Community Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Siriboonpiputtana T, Zeisig BB, Zarowiecki M, Fung TK, Mallardo M, Tsai CT, Lau PNI, Hoang QC, Veiga P, Barnes J, Lynn C, Wilson A, Lenhard B, So CWE. Transcriptional memory of cells of origin overrides β-catenin requirement of MLL cancer stem cells. EMBO J 2017; 36:3139-3155. [PMID: 28978671 PMCID: PMC5666593 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
While β-catenin has been demonstrated as an essential molecule and therapeutic target for various cancer stem cells (CSCs) including those driven by MLL fusions, here we show that transcriptional memory from cells of origin predicts AML patient survival and allows β-catenin-independent transformation in MLL-CSCs derived from hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-enriched LSK population but not myeloid-granulocyte progenitors. Mechanistically, β-catenin regulates expression of downstream targets of a key transcriptional memory gene, Hoxa9 that is highly enriched in LSK-derived MLL-CSCs and helps sustain leukemic self-renewal. Suppression of Hoxa9 sensitizes LSK-derived MLL-CSCs to β-catenin inhibition resulting in abolishment of CSC transcriptional program and transformation ability. In addition, further molecular and functional analyses identified Prmt1 as a key common downstream mediator for β-catenin/Hoxa9 functions in LSK-derived MLL-CSCs. Together, these findings not only uncover an unexpectedly important role of cells of origin transcriptional memory in regulating CSC self-renewal, but also reveal a novel molecular network mediated by β-catenin/Hoxa9/Prmt1 in governing leukemic self-renewal.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Ly/genetics
- Antigens, Ly/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Survival
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology
- Homeodomain Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/genetics
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Analysis
- Transcription, Genetic
- beta Catenin/genetics
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerapong Siriboonpiputtana
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bernd B Zeisig
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Magdalena Zarowiecki
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tsz Kan Fung
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Mallardo
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chiou-Tsun Tsai
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Priscilla Nga Ieng Lau
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Quoc Chinh Hoang
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Pedro Veiga
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jo Barnes
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Claire Lynn
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda Wilson
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Boris Lenhard
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Computational Regulatory Genomics, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Chi Wai Eric So
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Leukemia and Stem Cell Biology Team, King's College London, London, UK
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Kasliwal MM, Nakar E, Singer LP, Kaplan DL, Cook DO, Van Sistine A, Lau RM, Fremling C, Gottlieb O, Jencson JE, Adams SM, Feindt U, Hotokezaka K, Ghosh S, Perley DA, Yu PC, Piran T, Allison JR, Anupama GC, Balasubramanian A, Bannister KW, Bally J, Barnes J, Barway S, Bellm E, Bhalerao V, Bhattacharya D, Blagorodnova N, Bloom JS, Brady PR, Cannella C, Chatterjee D, Cenko SB, Cobb BE, Copperwheat C, Corsi A, De K, Dobie D, Emery SWK, Evans PA, Fox OD, Frail DA, Frohmaier C, Goobar A, Hallinan G, Harrison F, Helou G, Hinderer T, Ho AYQ, Horesh A, Ip WH, Itoh R, Kasen D, Kim H, Kuin NPM, Kupfer T, Lynch C, Madsen K, Mazzali PA, Miller AA, Mooley K, Murphy T, Ngeow CC, Nichols D, Nissanke S, Nugent P, Ofek EO, Qi H, Quimby RM, Rosswog S, Rusu F, Sadler EM, Schmidt P, Sollerman J, Steele I, Williamson AR, Xu Y, Yan L, Yatsu Y, Zhang C, Zhao W. Illuminating gravitational waves: A concordant picture of photons from a neutron star merger. Science 2017; 358:1559-1565. [PMID: 29038373 DOI: 10.1126/science.aap9455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Merging neutron stars offer an excellent laboratory for simultaneously studying strong-field gravity and matter in extreme environments. We establish the physical association of an electromagnetic counterpart (EM170817) with gravitational waves (GW170817) detected from merging neutron stars. By synthesizing a panchromatic data set, we demonstrate that merging neutron stars are a long-sought production site forging heavy elements by r-process nucleosynthesis. The weak gamma rays seen in EM170817 are dissimilar to classical short gamma-ray bursts with ultrarelativistic jets. Instead, we suggest that breakout of a wide-angle, mildly relativistic cocoon engulfing the jet explains the low-luminosity gamma rays, the high-luminosity ultraviolet-optical-infrared, and the delayed radio and x-ray emission. We posit that all neutron star mergers may lead to a wide-angle cocoon breakout, sometimes accompanied by a successful jet and sometimes by a choked jet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Kasliwal
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - E Nakar
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - L P Singer
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Mail Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.,Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - D L Kaplan
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - D O Cook
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - A Van Sistine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - R M Lau
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - C Fremling
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - O Gottlieb
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - J E Jencson
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - S M Adams
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - U Feindt
- The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Hotokezaka
- Center for Computational Astrophysics, Simons Foundation, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA.,Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - S Ghosh
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - D A Perley
- Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Browlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
| | - P-C Yu
- Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - T Piran
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - J R Allison
- Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions, Australia
| | - G C Anupama
- Indian Institute of Astrophysics, II Block Koramangala, Bangalore 560034, India
| | - A Balasubramanian
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - K W Bannister
- Australia Telescope National Facility, Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Post Office Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
| | - J Bally
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - J Barnes
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - S Barway
- South African Astronomical Observatory, Post Office Box 9, Observatory, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
| | - E Bellm
- Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - V Bhalerao
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - D Bhattacharya
- Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Post Office Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - N Blagorodnova
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - J S Bloom
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50B-4206, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - P R Brady
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - C Cannella
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - D Chatterjee
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - S B Cenko
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Mail Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.,Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - B E Cobb
- Department of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - C Copperwheat
- Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Browlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
| | - A Corsi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Box 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409-1051, USA
| | - K De
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - D Dobie
- Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics, Australia.,Australia Telescope National Facility, Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Post Office Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
| | - S W K Emery
- University College London, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, UK
| | - P A Evans
- X-ray and Observational Astronomy Research Group, Leicester Institute for Space and Earth Observation, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - O D Fox
- Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - D A Frail
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Socorro, NM 87825, USA
| | - C Frohmaier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, UK.,Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, Dennis Sciama Building, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
| | - A Goobar
- The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Hallinan
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - F Harrison
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - G Helou
- Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - T Hinderer
- Institute of Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - A Y Q Ho
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - A Horesh
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - W-H Ip
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - R Itoh
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - D Kasen
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA.,Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - H Kim
- Gemini Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
| | - N P M Kuin
- University College London, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, UK
| | - T Kupfer
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - C Lynch
- Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics, Australia
| | - K Madsen
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - P A Mazzali
- Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Browlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK.,Max-Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Garching, Germany
| | - A A Miller
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.,The Adler Planetarium, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - K Mooley
- Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - T Murphy
- Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics, Australia
| | - C-C Ngeow
- Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - D Nichols
- Institute of Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - S Nissanke
- Institute of Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - P Nugent
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50B-4206, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - E O Ofek
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - H Qi
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - R M Quimby
- Department of Astronomy, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.,Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - S Rosswog
- The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Rusu
- School of Engineering (EECS), University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - E M Sadler
- Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics, Australia
| | - P Schmidt
- Institute of Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - J Sollerman
- The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Steele
- Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Browlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
| | - A R Williamson
- Institute of Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Y Xu
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - L Yan
- Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.,Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Y Yatsu
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - W Zhao
- School of Engineering (EECS), University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA
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Bruce D, Kocialkowski C, Bintcliffe F, Monsell F, Barnes J, Brown R. Analysis of a paediatric orthopaedic network: a six-year experience in the South West of the United Kingdom. J Child Orthop 2017; 11:404-413. [PMID: 29081857 PMCID: PMC5643936 DOI: 10.1302/1863-2548.11.170076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We report our experience of a paediatric orthopaedic network, based on a 'hub and spoke' model, covering the South West of the United Kingdom. We identify the areas of most clinical concern, the effect of the network on stream-lining patient management and the benefits of the network to the clinician. METHODS Prospective data were collected from the minutes of the bi-annual meetings of the South West Paediatric Network (UK) between November 2006 and May 2012. Data collected included details of the condition, previous treatment, problems, complications and advice given. Cases continue to be followed up in subsequent meetings. RESULTS In total 131 cases were included and hip conditions were discussed most frequently (35.1%). The most common indication for discussion was to support and confirm the local management plan. In total, a mean average of 8.75 cases in total were presented per consultant during the study period, with those within ten to 12 years of starting independent practice presenting the majority. The clinical outcome for patients discussed in this forum was local provision of care in 74%, with transfer to the regional centre in 15.7%. Following advice, 14% of direct referrals were given appropriate advice and avoided a journey to the tertiary centre. CONCLUSION The network has enabled local provision of care, reduced the burden of travel on patients and prevented unnecessary referrals to the tertiary centre. Additionally, it provides a mechanism to reassure and educate clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bruce
- Royal United Hospital, Bath BA1 3NG, UK,Correspondence should be sent to: D. Bruce, Orthopaedic Trauma Department, Southmead hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, United Kingdom. E-mail:
| | | | - F. Bintcliffe
- Eastbourne District General Hospital, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK
| | - F. Monsell
- Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, UK
| | - J. Barnes
- Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, UK
| | - R. Brown
- Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham GL53 7AN, UK
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Talbot R, Reed S, Christie N, Barnes J, Thomas P. Fatal and serious collisions involving pedal cyclists and trucks in London between 2007 and 2011. Traffic Inj Prev 2017; 18:657-665. [PMID: 28436731 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1291938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased numbers of people riding pedal cycles have led to a greater focus on pedal cycle safety. The aim of this article is to explore factors that are associated with fatal and a small number of serious-injury pedal cyclist crashes involving trucks that occurred in London between 2007 and 2011. METHODS Data were collected from police collision files for 53 crashes, 27 of which involved a truck (≥3.5 tonnes) and a pedal cycle. A systematic case review approach was used to identify the infrastructure, vehicle road user, and management factors that contributed to these crashes and injuries and how these factors interacted. RESULTS Trucks turning left conflicting with pedal cyclists traveling straight ahead was a common crash scenario. Key contributory factors identified included the pedal cyclists not being visible to the truck drivers, road narrowing, and inappropriate positioning of pedal cyclists. CONCLUSIONS Crashes involving trucks and pedal cyclists are complex events that are caused by multiple interacting factors; therefore, multiple measures are required to prevent them from occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Talbot
- a Design School, Loughborough University , Loughborough , United Kingdom
| | - Steve Reed
- a Design School, Loughborough University , Loughborough , United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Christie
- b Department of Civil , Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, Centre for Transport Studies, University College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Jo Barnes
- a Design School, Loughborough University , Loughborough , United Kingdom
| | - Pete Thomas
- a Design School, Loughborough University , Loughborough , United Kingdom
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50
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Kendrick D, Dhiman P, Kellezi B, Coupland C, Whitehead J, Beckett K, Christie N, Sleney J, Barnes J, Joseph S, Morriss R. Psychological morbidity and return to work after injury: multicentre cohort study. Br J Gen Pract 2017; 67:e555-e564. [PMID: 28630058 PMCID: PMC5519127 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp17x691673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of work for physical, psychological, and financial wellbeing are well documented. Return to work (RTW) after unintentional injury is often delayed, and psychological morbidity may contribute to this delay. The impact of psychological morbidity on RTW after a wide range of unintentional injuries in the UK has not been adequately quantified. AIM To quantify the role of psychological factors, including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic distress, on RTW following unintentional injuries. DESIGN AND SETTING A longitudinal multicentre prospective study was undertaken in Nottingham, Bristol, Leicester, and Guildford, UK. METHOD Participants (n = 273) were 16-69-year-olds admitted to hospital following unintentional injury, who were in paid employment prior to injury. They were surveyed at baseline, then at 1, 2, 4, and 12 months following injury; demographic data were collected along with injury characteristics, psychological morbidity, and RTW status. Associations between demographic, injury and psychological factors, and RTW between 2 and 12 months after injury were quantified using random effects logistic regression. RESULTS The odds of RTW between 2 and 12 months after injury reduced as depression scores early in the recovery period (1 month after injury) increased (odds ratio [OR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.79 to 0.95) and as length of hospital stay increased (OR 0.91, 95% CI] = 0.86 to 0.96). For those experiencing threatening life events following injury (OR 0.27, 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.72) and with higher scores on the Crisis Support Scale (OR 0.93, 95% CI] = 0.88 to 0.99), the odds of RTW between 2 and 12 months after injury were lower. Multiple imputation analysis found similar results, but those relating to crisis support did not remain statistically significant. CONCLUSION Primary care professionals can identify patients at risk of delayed RTW who may benefit from management of psychological morbidity and support to RTW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Kendrick
- School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham
| | - Paula Dhiman
- Research Design Service East Midlands, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham
| | - Blerina Kellezi
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham
| | - Carol Coupland
- School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham
| | - Jessica Whitehead
- School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham
| | | | - Nicola Christie
- Centre for Transport Studies, University College London, London
| | | | - Jo Barnes
- Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough
| | - Stephen Joseph
- School of Education, Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham
| | - Richard Morriss
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham
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