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Slosarek T, Ibing S, Schormair B, Heyne HO, Böttinger EP, Andlauer TFM, Schurmann C. Implementation and evaluation of personal genetic testing as part of genomics analysis courses in German universities. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:73. [PMID: 37020303 PMCID: PMC10074719 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Due to the increasing application of genome analysis and interpretation in medical disciplines, professionals require adequate education. Here, we present the implementation of personal genotyping as an educational tool in two genomics courses targeting Digital Health students at the Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and medical students at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). METHODS We compared and evaluated the courses and the students' perceptions on the course setup using questionnaires. RESULTS During the course, students changed their attitudes towards genotyping (HPI: 79% [15 of 19], TUM: 47% [25 of 53]). Predominantly, students became more critical of personal genotyping (HPI: 73% [11 of 15], TUM: 72% [18 of 25]) and most students stated that genetic analyses should not be allowed without genetic counseling (HPI: 79% [15 of 19], TUM: 70% [37 of 53]). Students found the personal genotyping component useful (HPI: 89% [17 of 19], TUM: 92% [49 of 53]) and recommended its inclusion in future courses (HPI: 95% [18 of 19], TUM: 98% [52 of 53]). CONCLUSION Students perceived the personal genotyping component as valuable in the described genomics courses. The implementation described here can serve as an example for future courses in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Slosarek
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Prof.-Dr.-Helmert-Str. 2-3, 14482, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Susanne Ibing
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Prof.-Dr.-Helmert-Str. 2-3, 14482, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Barbara Schormair
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrike O Heyne
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Prof.-Dr.-Helmert-Str. 2-3, 14482, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Erwin P Böttinger
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Prof.-Dr.-Helmert-Str. 2-3, 14482, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Prof.-Dr.-Helmert-Str. 2-3, 14482, Potsdam, Germany.
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Zimani AN, Peterlin B, Kovanda A. Increasing Genomic Literacy Through National Genomic Projects. Front Genet 2021; 12:693253. [PMID: 34456970 PMCID: PMC8387713 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.693253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomics is an advancing field of medicine, science, ethics, and legislation. Keeping up to date with this challenging discipline requires continuous education and exchange of knowledge between many target groups. Specific challenges in genomic education include tailoring complex topics to diverse audiences ranging from the general public and patients to highly educated professionals. National genomic projects face many of the same challenges and thus offer many opportunities to highlight common educational strategies for improving genomic literacy. We have reviewed 41 current national genomic projects and have identified 16 projects specifically describing their approach to genomic education. The following target groups were included in the educational efforts: the general public (nine projects), patients (six projects), and genomic professionals (16 projects), reflecting the general overall aims of the projects such as determining normal and pathological genomic variation, improving infrastructure, and facilitating personalized medicine. The national genomic projects aim to increase genomic literacy through supplementing existing national education in genomics as well as independent measures specifically tailored to each target group, such as training events, research collaboration, and online resources for healthcare professionals, patients, and patient organizations. This review provides the current state of educational activities within national genomic projects for different target groups and identifies good practices that could contribute to patient empowerment, public engagement, proficient healthcare professionals, and lend support to personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Nyasha Zimani
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Borut Peterlin
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Kovanda
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Zhang Y, Geng X, Xu J, Li Q, Hao L, Zeng Z, Xiao M, Song J, Liu F, Fang C, Wang H. Identification and characterization of N6-methyladenosine modification of circRNAs in glioblastoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7204-7217. [PMID: 34180136 PMCID: PMC8335669 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This research systematically profiled the global N6‐methyladenosine modification pattern of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in glioblastoma (GBM). Based on RNA methylation sequencing (MeRIP sequencing or N6‐methyladenosine sequencing) and RNA sequencing, we described the N6‐methyladenosine modification status and gene expression of circRNAs in GBM and normal brain tissues. N6‐methyladenosine–related circRNAs were immunoprecipitated and validated by real‐time quantitative PCR. Bioinformatics analysis and related screening were carried out. Compared with those of the NC group, the circRNAs from GBM exhibited 1370 new N6‐methyladenosine peaks and 1322 missing N6‐methyladenosine peaks. Among the loci associated with altered N6‐methyladenosine peaks, 1298 were up‐regulated and 1905 were down‐regulated. The N6‐methyladenosine level tended to be positively correlated with circRNA expression. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the biological function of N6‐methyladenosine–modified circRNAs and the corresponding signalling pathways. In addition, through PCR validation combined with clinical data mining, we identified five molecules of interest (BUB1, C1S, DTHD1, F13A1 and NDC80) that could be initial candidates for further study of the function and mechanism of N6‐methyladenosine–mediated GBM development. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated the N6‐methyladenosine modification pattern of circRNAs in human GBM, revealing the possible roles of N6‐methyladenosine–mediated novel noncoding RNAs in the origin and progression of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiuchao Geng
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China.,Faculty of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianglong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Faculty of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liangchao Hao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhaomu Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Menglin Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jia Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Fulin Liu
- Office of Academic Research, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Chuan Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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4
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Li P, Yu H, Zhang G, Kang L, Qin B, Cao Y, Luo J, Chen X, Wang Y, Qin M, Wu J, Huang Y, Zou X, Guan H, Wang Y. Identification and Characterization of N6-Methyladenosine CircRNAs and Methyltransferases in the Lens Epithelium Cells From Age-Related Cataract. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:13. [PMID: 32761139 PMCID: PMC7441297 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.10.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the involvement of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in circular RNAs (circRNAs) and relevant methyltransferases in the lesion of lens epithelium cells (LECs) under the circumstances of age-related cataract (ARC). Methods LECs were collected from normal subjects and patients with cortical type of ARC (ARCC). M6A-tagged circRNAs and circRNAs expression were analyzed by m6A-modified RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (m6A-RIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were used to predict possible functions of the m6A-circRNAs. Expression of m6A-related methyltransferase and demethytransferase was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Expression and location of AlkB homolog 5 RNA demethylase (ALKBH5), a key component of m6A demethytransferase, were determined by Western blot and immunostaining. Results All 4646 m6A peaks within circRNAs had different abundances, with 2472 enriched and 2174 subdued. The level of m6A abundance in total circRNAs was decreased in the LECs from ARCCs in comparison with the controls. We also found that the expression of highly m6A-tagged circRNAs was mostly decreased in comparison with non-m6A-tagged circRNAs. The bioinformatics analysis predicted the potential functions of m6A modified circRNAs and the relevant pathways that may be associated with m6A modified circRNAs. Among five major methyltransferases, ALKBH5 was significantly upregulated in LECs of ARCCs. Conclusions Our data provided novel evidence regarding the involvement of circRNAs m6A modifications in ARC. The altered expression of methyltransferases in lens tissue might selectively change the epigenetic profile of lens genome through regulating genes that host the circRNAs, thus enhance the susceptibility to ARC. The results might provide a new insight in the molecular target of ARC pathogenesis.
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5
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Johnson A, Broughton S, Aponte-Soto L, Watson K, Pinto CDG, Empey P, Reis S, Winn R, Massart M. Participatory Genomic Testing Can Effectively Disseminate Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics Concepts within Federally Qualified Health Centers: A Feasibility Study. Ethn Dis 2020; 30:167-176. [PMID: 32269458 DOI: 10.18865/ed.30.s1.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We assessed feasibility of an educational program designed to enhance stakeholder knowledge and perceptions of pharmacogenomics at a federally qualified health center (FQHC). Design FQHCs have a rich history of providing care to the underserved, but often are not represented by studies evaluating cutting-edge concepts. We used a novel educational platform to provide participatory genomic testing and classroom education. We assessed participant knowledge and perceptions using questionnaires between May and July 2018. Setting We partnered with a FQHC affiliated with an academic medical center in Chicago. Participants Using convenience sampling, we recruited 20 providers and 10 community members for a feasibility study. Providers included physicians, physician extenders, community health workers, and patient health navigators. Community members were patients, supporters, and/or FQHC advisory board members. Intervention Participants had the option to undergo personal genomic testing. Online educational modules included basic genetics, cardiovascular pharmacogenomics, and personalized medicine. Education concluded in a 2-hour live course with case-based discussions. Main Outcome Measures Our main outcome was testing pilot feasibility. Baseline knowledge and perceptions were compared with post-intervention assessments using descriptive statistics, t tests (or Wilcoxon rank-sum) for continuous variables and chi-squared (or Fisher's exact) for categorical variables. Results We found that attitudes toward the intervention were positive and remained so after intervention. Our intervention was both feasible and acceptable. Genomics knowledge increased for nearly all participants. Conclusions We have determined that a pharmacogenomics educational program tailored for an underrepresented community is feasible and acceptable. Outcomes will advise methodology for larger implementation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Aponte-Soto
- University of Illinois Cancer Center at University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois Hospital and Health Services System Mile Square Health Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Karriem Watson
- University of Illinois Cancer Center at University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois Hospital and Health Services System Mile Square Health Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Carla Da Goia Pinto
- University of Illinois Cancer Center at University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois Hospital and Health Services System Mile Square Health Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Robert Winn
- University of Illinois Cancer Center at University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois Hospital and Health Services System Mile Square Health Center, Chicago, IL
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Whitley KV, Tueller JA, Weber KS. Genomics Education in the Era of Personal Genomics: Academic, Professional, and Public Considerations. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030768. [PMID: 31991576 PMCID: PMC7037382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, genomic sequencing has become a prominent tool used by diverse disciplines in modern science. In the past 20 years, the cost of genomic sequencing has decreased exponentially, making it affordable and accessible. Bioinformatic and biological studies have produced significant scientific breakthroughs using the wealth of genomic information now available. Alongside the scientific benefit of genomics, companies offer direct-to-consumer genetic testing which provide health, trait, and ancestry information to the public. A key area that must be addressed is education about what conclusions can be made from this genomic information and integrating genomic education with foundational genetic principles already taught in academic settings. The promise of personal genomics providing disease treatment is exciting, but many challenges remain to validate genomic predictions and diagnostic correlations. Ethical and societal concerns must also be addressed regarding how personal genomic information is used. This genomics revolution provides a powerful opportunity to educate students, clinicians, and the public on scientific and ethical issues in a personal way to increase learning. In this review, we discuss the influence of personal genomics in society and focus on the importance and benefits of genomics education in the classroom, clinics, and the public and explore the potential consequences of personal genomic education.
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7
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Linderman MD, McElroy L, Chang L. MySeq: privacy-protecting browser-based personal Genome analysis for genomics education and exploration. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:172. [PMID: 31775760 PMCID: PMC6882182 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complexity of genome informatics is a recurring challenge for genome exploration and analysis by students and other non-experts. This complexity creates a barrier to wider implementation of experiential genomics education, even in settings with substantial computational resources and expertise. Reducing the need for specialized software tools will increase access to hands-on genomics pedagogy. RESULTS MySeq is a React.js single-page web application for privacy-protecting interactive personal genome analysis. All analyses are performed entirely in the user's web browser eliminating the need to install and use specialized software tools or to upload sensitive data to an external web service. MySeq leverages Tabix-indexing to efficiently query whole genome-scale variant call format (VCF) files stored locally or available remotely via HTTP(s) without loading the entire file. MySeq currently implements variant querying and annotation, physical trait prediction, pharmacogenomic, polygenic disease risk and ancestry analyses to provide representative pedagogical examples; and can be readily extended with new analysis or visualization components. CONCLUSIONS MySeq supports multiple pedagogical approaches including independent exploration and interactive online tutorials. MySeq has been successfully employed in an undergraduate human genome analysis course where it reduced the barriers-to-entry for hands-on human genome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leo McElroy
- Department of Computer Science, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT USA
| | - Laura Chang
- Department of Computer Science, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT USA
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8
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Abstract
With rapid advances in genetics and genomics, the commercialization and access to new applications has become more widespread and omnipresent throughout biomedical research. Thus, increasingly, more patients will have personal genomic information they may share with primary care providers (PCPs) to better understand the clinical significance of the data. To be able to respond to patient inquiries about genomic data, variant interpretation, disease risk, and other issues, PCPs will need to be able to increase or refresh their awareness about genetics and genomics, and identify reliable resources to use or refer patients. While provider educational efforts have increased, with the rapid advances in the field, ongoing efforts will be needed to prepare PCPs to manage patient needs, integrate results into care, and refer as indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne B Haga
- Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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9
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Hyland K, Garber K, Dasgupta S. From helices to health: undergraduate medical education in genetics and genomics. Per Med 2019; 16:211-220. [DOI: 10.2217/pme-2018-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advances in genomic technologies combined with drastic reductions in cost and a growing number of clinical genomic tests are transforming medical practice. While enthusiasm about applications of precision medicine is high, the existing clinical genetics workforce is insufficient to meet present demands and will fall increasingly short as the use of genetic and genomic testing becomes more routine. To address this shortage, physicians in all areas of medicine will require genomic literacy. Undergraduate medical students, therefore, need a solid foundation in genetics and genomics so they can apply genomic medicine across a range of specialties. Here, we review the current trends and challenges in undergraduate medical genetics education in North America, highlight innovations and offer recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Hyland
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, School of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kathryn Garber
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
| | - Shoumita Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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10
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Characteristics and evaluation outcomes of genomics curricula for health professional students: a systematic literature review. Genet Med 2018; 21:1675-1682. [DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Wilding C. The genetic basis of size in pet dogs: The study of quantitative genetic variation in an undergraduate laboratory practical. BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EDUCATION : A BIMONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 46:623-629. [PMID: 30394677 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The teaching of quantitative genetic variation in the undergraduate laboratory practical environment can be difficult as, for quantitative phenotypes that are under the control of multiple loci, detection of phenotypic differences caused by individual variants is problematical without large samples, impractical in such classes. Pet dogs provide a clear example of quantitative genetic variation with individual breeds ranging in size from 1 to 70 kg weight yet with little intrabreed variability. In contrast to humans where there are few identified genetic variants known to be involved in the genetically controlled size phenotype, in dogs, seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in six genes have been demonstrated to explain half of the phenotypic variance. In the practical described here, a single G-A SNP (within intron 2 of the insulin-like growth factor 1 gene) is studied through PCR, sequencing, and bioinformatics. Average breed weight of dogs of different genotypes at this SNP show significant differences in size (median [IQR] of AA = 10 kg [6-15 kg], AG = 23.75 kg [14-30 kg], GG = 30 kg [24.5-37 kg] from our class data) with an estimate of just ≈N = 16 dogs needing to be genotyped to demonstrate a significant difference in size between dogs harboring the two homozygous genotypes. In the practical described herein, from a single laboratory and a single computer session, students are able to see the clear effect of genotype on a quantitative trait. Examination of the variant in the Ensembl browser (www.ensembl.org) allows students to understand the genomic basis of this variant and appreciate the wealth of data and information publicly available in genome browsers. © 2018 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46(6):623-629, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Wilding
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom
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12
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Rubanovich CK, Cheung C, Mandel J, Bloss CS. Physician preparedness for big genomic data: a review of genomic medicine education initiatives in the United States. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:R250-R258. [PMID: 29750248 PMCID: PMC6061688 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, genomic medicine education initiatives have surfaced across the spectrum of physician training in order to help address a gap in genomic medicine preparedness among physicians. The approaches are diverse and stem from the belief that 21st century physicians must be proficient in genomic medicine applications as they will be leaders in the precision medicine movement. We conducted a review of literature in genomic medicine education and training for medical students, residents, fellows, and practicing physicians with articles published between June 2015 and January 2018 to gain a picture of the current state of genomic medicine education with a focus on the United States. We found evidence of progress in the development of new and innovative educational programs and other resources aimed at increasing physician knowledge and readiness. Three overarching educational approach themes emerged, including immersive and experiential learning; interdisciplinary and interprofessional education; and electronic- and web-based approaches. This review is not exhaustive, nevertheless, it may inform future directions and improvements for genomic medicine education. Important next-steps include: (i) identifying and studying ways to best implement low-cost dissemination of genomic information; (ii) emphasizing genomic medicine education program evaluation and (iii) incorporating interprofessional and interdisciplinary initiatives. Genomic medicine education and training will become more and more relevant in the years to come as physicians increasingly interact with genomic and other precision medicine technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryn Kseniya Rubanovich
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia Cheung
- The Qualcomm Institute of Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jess Mandel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cinnamon S Bloss
- The Qualcomm Institute of Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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13
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LaRue KM, McKernan MP, Bass KM, Wray CG. Teaching the Genome Generation: Bringing Modern Human Genetics into the Classroom Through Teacher Professional Development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 1:48-60. [PMID: 31667467 DOI: 10.15695/jstem/v1i1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Teaching the Genome Generation (TtGG) is a teacher professional development program and set of high school biology lessons that support interwoven classroom instruction of molecular genetics, bioinformatics, and bioethics. Participating teachers from across New England implement the modular elements of program at a high rate in a variety of biology classrooms. Evaluation data collected over three academic years (2014/15 to 2016/17) indicate that TtGG has increased teachers' abilities to integrate complex concepts of genomics and bioethics into their high school classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M LaRue
- Genomic Education, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
| | | | | | - Charles G Wray
- Genomic Education, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
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14
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Weber KS, Bridgewater LC, Jensen JL, Breakwell DP, Nielsen BL, Johnson SM. Personal microbiome analysis improves student engagement and interest in Immunology, Molecular Biology, and Genomics undergraduate courses. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193696. [PMID: 29641525 PMCID: PMC5894996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A critical area of emphasis for science educators is the identification of effective means of teaching and engaging undergraduate students. Personal microbiome analysis is a means of identifying the microbial communities found on or in our body. We hypothesized the use of personal microbiome analysis in the classroom could improve science education by making courses more applied and engaging for undergraduate students. We determined to test this prediction in three Brigham Young University undergraduate courses: Immunology, Advanced Molecular Biology Laboratory, and Genomics. These three courses have a two-week microbiome unit and students during the 2016 semester students could submit their own personal microbiome kit or use the demo data, whereas during the 2017 semester students were given access to microbiome data from an anonymous individual. The students were surveyed before, during, and after the human microbiome unit to determine whether analyzing their own personal microbiome data, compared to analyzing demo microbiome data, impacted student engagement and interest. We found that personal microbiome analysis significantly enhanced the engagement and interest of students while completing microbiome assignments, the self-reported time students spent researching the microbiome during the two week microbiome unit, and the attitudes of students regarding the course overall. Thus, we found that integrating personal microbiome analysis in the classroom was a powerful means of improving student engagement and interest in undergraduate science courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Scott Weber
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura C. Bridgewater
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jamie L. Jensen
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Donald P. Breakwell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Brent L. Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Steven M. Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
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Linderman MD, Sanderson SC, Bashir A, Diaz GA, Kasarskis A, Zinberg R, Mahajan M, Suckiel SA, Zweig M, Schadt EE. Impacts of incorporating personal genome sequencing into graduate genomics education: a longitudinal study over three course years. BMC Med Genomics 2018; 11:5. [PMID: 29382336 PMCID: PMC5791365 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-018-0319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To address the need for more effective genomics training, beginning in 2012 the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has offered a unique laboratory-style graduate genomics course, "Practical Analysis of Your Personal Genome" (PAPG), in which students optionally sequence and analyze their own whole genome. We hypothesized that incorporating personal genome sequencing (PGS) into the course pedagogy could improve educational outcomes by increasing student motivation and engagement. Here we extend our initial study of the pilot PAPG cohort with a report on student attitudes towards genome sequencing, decision-making, psychological wellbeing, genomics knowledge and pedagogical engagement across three course years. METHODS Students enrolled in the 2013, 2014 and 2015 course years completed questionnaires before (T1) and after (T2) a prerequisite workshop (n = 110) and before (T3) and after (T4) PAPG (n = 66). RESULTS Students' interest in PGS was high; 56 of 59 eligible students chose to sequence their own genome. Decisional conflict significantly decreased after the prerequisite workshop (T2 vs. T1 p < 0.001). Most, but not all students, reported low levels of decision regret and test-related distress post-course (T4). Each year baseline decisional conflict decreased (p < 0.001) suggesting, that as the course became more established, students increasingly made their decision prior to enrolling in the prerequisite workshop. Students perceived that analyzing their own genome enhanced the genomics pedagogy, with students self-reporting being more persistent and engaged as a result of analyzing their own genome. More than 90% of respondents reported spending additional time outside of course assignments analyzing their genome. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating personal genome sequencing in graduate medical education may improve student motivation and engagement. However, more data will be needed to quantitatively evaluate whether incorporating PGS is more effective than other educational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Linderman
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Computer Science, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT USA
| | - Saskia C. Sanderson
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ali Bashir
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - George A. Diaz
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Andrew Kasarskis
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Randi Zinberg
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Milind Mahajan
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Sabrina A. Suckiel
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Micol Zweig
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Eric E. Schadt
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
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Hartman MR, Harrington KT, Etson CM, Fierman MB, Slonim DK, Walt DR. Personal microbiomes and next-generation sequencing for laboratory-based education. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw266. [PMID: 27856569 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequencing and bioinformatics technologies have advanced rapidly in recent years, driven largely by developments in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Given the increasing importance of these advances, there is a growing need to incorporate concepts and practices relating to NGS into undergraduate and high school science curricula. We believe that direct access to sequencing and bioinformatics will improve the ability of students to understand the information obtained through these increasingly ubiquitous research tools. In this commentary, we discuss approaches and challenges for bringing NGS into the classroom based on our experiences in developing and running a microbiome project in high school and undergraduate courses. We describe strategies for maximizing student engagement through establishing personal relevance and utilizing an inquiry-based structure. Additionally, we address the practical issues of incorporating cutting edge technologies into an established curriculum. Looking forward, we anticipate that NGS educational experiments will become more commonplace as sequencing costs continue to decrease and the workflow becomes more user friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Hartman
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | | | - Candice M Etson
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | | | - Donna K Slonim
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - David R Walt
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
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