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Vergara-Hernandez FB, Nielsen BD, Popovich JM, Panek CL, Logan AA, Robison CI, Ehrhardt RA, Johnson TN, Chargo NJ, Welsh TH, Bradbery AN, Leatherwood JL, Colbath AC. Clodronate disodium does not produce measurable effects on bone metabolism in an exercising, juvenile, large animal model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300360. [PMID: 38626145 PMCID: PMC11020481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are commonly used to treat and prevent bone loss, but their effects in active, juvenile populations are unknown. This study examined the effects of intramuscular clodronate disodium (CLO) on bone turnover, serum bone biomarkers (SBB), bone mineral density (BMD), bone microstructure, biomechanical testing (BT), and cartilage glycosaminoglycan content (GAG) over 165 days. Forty juvenile sheep (253 ± 6 days of age) were divided into four groups: Control (saline), T0 (0.6 mg/kg CLO on day 0), T84 (0.6 mg/kg CLO on day 84), and T0+84 (0.6 mg/kg CLO on days 0 and 84). Sheep were exercised 4 days/week and underwent physical and lameness examinations every 14 days. Blood samples were collected for SBB every 28 days. Microstructure and BMD were calculated from tuber coxae (TC) biopsies (days 84 and 165) and bone healing was assessed by examining the prior biopsy site. BT and GAG were evaluated postmortem. Data, except lameness data, were analyzed using a mixed-effects model; lameness data were analyzed as ordinal data using a cumulative logistic model. CLO did not have any measurable effects on the skeleton of sheep. SBB showed changes over time (p ≤ 0.03), with increases in bone formation and decreases in some bone resorption markers. TC biopsies showed increasing bone volume fraction, trabecular spacing and thickness, and reduced trabecular number on day 165 versus day 84 (p ≤ 0.04). These changes may be attributed to exercise or growth. The absence of a treatment effect may be explained by the lower CLO dose used in large animals compared to humans. Further research is needed to examine whether low doses of bisphosphonates may be used in active juvenile populations for analgesia without evidence of bone changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando B. Vergara-Hernandez
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Natural Resources and Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Santo Tomas, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Brian D. Nielsen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John M. Popovich
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Clinical Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Char L. Panek
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Alyssa A. Logan
- School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Cara I. Robison
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Ehrhardt
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Tyler N. Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nicholas J. Chargo
- Department of Physiology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Thomas H. Welsh
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amanda N. Bradbery
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Jessica L. Leatherwood
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, Texas, United States of America
| | - Aimee C. Colbath
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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He Y, Jiang H, Dong S. Bioactives and Biomaterial Construction for Modulating Osteoclast Activities. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302807. [PMID: 38009952 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue constitutes 15-20% of human body weight and plays a crucial role in supporting the body, coordinating movement, regulating mineral homeostasis, and hematopoiesis. The maintenance of bone homeostasis relies on a delicate balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoclasts, as the exclusive "bone resorbers" in the human skeletal system, are of paramount significance yet often receive inadequate attention. When osteoclast activity becomes excessive, it frequently leads to various bone metabolic disorders, subsequently resulting in secondary bone injuries, such as fractures. This not only reduces life quality of patients, but also imposes a significant economic burden on society. In response to the pressing need for biomaterials in the treatment of osteoclast dysregulation, there is a surge of research and investigations aimed at osteoclast regulation. Promising progress is achieved in this domain. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of how to modulate osteoclast activities. It summarizes bioactive substances that influence osteoclasts and elucidates strategies for constructing related biomaterial systems. It offers practical insights and ideas for the development and application of biomaterials and tissue engineering, with the hope of guiding the clinical treatment of osteoclast-related bone diseases using biomaterials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei He
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
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Ricchiuto S, Palumbo R, Lami F, Gavioli F, Caselli L, Montanari M, Zappavigna V, Anesi A, Zanocco-Marani T, Grande A. The Capacity of Magnesium to Induce Osteoclast Differentiation Is Greatly Enhanced by the Presence of Zoledronate. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1297. [PMID: 37887007 PMCID: PMC10604702 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are successfully used to cure a number of diseases characterized by a metabolic reduction in bone density, such as Osteoporosis, or a neoplastic destruction of bone tissue, such as multiple myeloma and bone metastases. These drugs exert their therapeutic effect by causing a systemic osteoclast depletion that, in turn, is responsible for reduced bone resorption. Unfortunately, in addition to their beneficial activity, BPs can also determine a frightening side effect known as osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). It is generally believed that the inability of osteoclasts to dispose of inflamed/necrotic bone represents the main physiopathological aspect of ONJ. In principle, a therapeutic strategy able to elicit a local re-activation of osteoclast production could counteract ONJ and promote the healing of its lesions. Using an experimental model of Vitamin D3-dependent osteoclastogenesis, we have previously demonstrated that Magnesium is a powerful inducer of osteoclast differentiation. Here we show that, surprisingly, this effect is greatly enhanced by the presence of Zoledronate, chosen for our study because it is the most effective and dangerous of the BPs. This finding allows us to hypothesize that Magnesium might play an important role in the topical therapy of ONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ricchiuto
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.)
| | - Rossella Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.)
| | - Francesca Lami
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.)
| | - Francesca Gavioli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Caselli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.)
| | - Monica Montanari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zappavigna
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alexandre Anesi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Zanocco-Marani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alexis Grande
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.)
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Shi Y, Gong C, Nan W, Zhou W, Lei Z, Zhou K, Wang L, Zhao G, Zhang H. Intrathecal administration of botulinum toxin type a antagonizes neuropathic pain by countering increased vesicular nucleotide transporter expression in the spinal cord of chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve rats. Neuropeptides 2023; 100:102346. [PMID: 37178626 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) induces direct analgesic effects in neuropathic pain by inhibiting the release of substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and glutamate. Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) was responsible for the storage and release of ATP in vivo, and one of the mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain is VNUT-dependent release of extracellular ATP from dorsal horn neurons. However, the analgesic effect of BoNT/A by affecting the expression of VNUT remained largely unknown. Thus, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the antinociceptive potency and analgesic mechanism of BoNT/A in chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI) induced neuropathic pain. Our results showed that a single intrathecal injection of 0.1 U BoNT/A seven days after CCI surgery produced significant analgesic activity and decreased the expression of VNUT in the spinal cord of CCI rats. Similarly, BoNT/A inhibited the CCI-induced increase in ATP content in the rat spinal cord. Overexpression of VNUT in the spinal cord of CCI-induced rats markedly reversed the antinociceptive effect of BoNT/A. Furthermore, 33 U/mL BoNT/A dramatically reduced the expression of VNUT in pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells but overexpressing SNAP-25 increased VNUT expression in PC12 cells. Our current study is the first to demonstrate that BoNT/A is involved in neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of VNUT in the spinal cord in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chaoyang Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Nan
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenming Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zeyuan Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kaisheng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linna Wang
- Lanzhou Biotechnique Development Co.LTD, China
| | - Guanghai Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Haihong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
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Donoso MV, Hernández F, Barra R, Huidobro-Toro JP. Nanomolar clodronate induces adenosine accumulation in the perfused rat mesenteric bed and mesentery-derived endothelial cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1031223. [PMID: 36744214 PMCID: PMC9895365 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1031223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) is critical for sympathetic co-transmission and purinergic transmission maintenance. To examine this proposal, we assessed whether the bisphosphonate clodronate, claimed as a potent in vitro VNUT blocker, modified spontaneous and/or the electrically evoked overflow of ATP/metabolites and NA from mesentery sympathetic perivascular nerve terminals. Additionally, in primary endothelial cell cultures derived from this tissue, we also evaluated whether clodronate interfered with ATP/metabolite cell outflow and metabolism of N6-etheno adenosine 5'-triphosphate (eATP), N6-etheno adenosine (eADO), and adenosine deaminase enzyme activity. Rat mesenteries were perfused in the absence or presence of .01-1,000 nM clodronate, 1-1,000 nM Evans blue (EB), and 1-10 µM DIDS; tissue perfusates were collected to determine ATP/metabolites and NA before, during, and after perivascular electrical nerve terminal depolarization. An amount of 1-1,000 nM clodronate did not modify the time course of ATP or NA overflow elicited by nerve terminal depolarization, and only 10 nM clodronate significantly augmented perfusate adenosine. Electrical nerve terminal stimulation increased tissue perfusion pressure that was significantly reduced only by 10 nM clodronate [90.0 ± 18.6 (n = 8) to 35.0 ± 10.4 (n = 7), p = .0277]. As controls, EB, DIDS, or reserpine treatment reduced the overflow of ATP/metabolites and NA in a concentration-dependent manner elicited by nerve terminal depolarization. Moreover, mechanical stimulation of primary endothelial cell cultures from the rat mesentery added with 10 or 100 nM clodronate increased adenosine in the cell media. eATP was metabolized by endothelial cells to the same extent with and without 1-1,000 nM clodronate, suggesting the bisphosphonate did not interfere with nucleotide ectoenzyme metabolism. In contrast, extracellular eADO remained intact, indicating that this nucleoside is neither metabolized nor transported intracellularly. Furthermore, only 10 nM clodronate inhibited (15.5%) adenosine metabolism to inosine in endothelial cells as well as in a commercial crude adenosine deaminase enzyme preparation (12.7%), and both effects proved the significance (p < .05). Altogether, present data allow inferring that clodronate inhibits adenosine deaminase activity in isolated endothelial cells as in a crude extract preparation, a finding that may account for adenosine accumulation following clodronate mesentery perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Verónica Donoso
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Hernández
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rafael Barra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J. Pablo Huidobro-Toro
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: J. Pablo Huidobro-Toro,
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Vergara-Hernandez FB, Panek CL, Nielsen BD, Robison CI, Colbath AC. Clodronate disodium is neither cytotoxic nor cytoprotective to normal and recombinant equine interleukin-1β-treated joint tissues in vitro. Vet Surg 2023; 52:146-156. [PMID: 36217704 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of clodronate disodium (CLO) on control and recombinant equine interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated equine joint tissues. STUDY DESIGN In vitro experimental study. SAMPLE POPULATION Cartilage explants, chondrocytes, and synoviocytes (n = 3 horses). METHODS Monolayer cultures of chondrocytes and synoviocytes from three horses were subjected to: control media (CON), 5 ng/ml CLO (C/low), 50 ng/ml CLO (C/med), 100 ng/ml CLO (C/high), with and without IL-1β, and 10 ng/ml IL-1β (IL) alone for 72 hours. Cartilage explants from three horses were subjected to CON, IL, C/low, and C/med with and without IL-1β for 72 hours. Culture media was analyzed for prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2 ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide (NO). Explant media was analyzed for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and NO. At 72 hours, explant and monolayer culture viability were assessed, and explant GAG content was measured. RESULTS IL-1β treatment resulted in higher media concentrations of GAG, NO, PGE2 , and IL-6 compared to the CON treatment (p < .05), demonstrating a catabolic effect of IL-1β on explants and monolayer cultures. CLO treatments did not increase media concentrations of GAG, NO, PGE2 , or IL-6 compared to CON, indicating no cytotoxic effect. Nevertheless, CLO treatments administered to IL-1β-treated monolayer cultures and explants did not significantly reduce the inflammatory response regardless of concentration. CONCLUSION CLO did not demonstrate cytotoxic nor cytoprotective effects in normal and IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes, synoviocytes or explants in culture. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study does not support the use of CLO as an anti-inflammatory treatment. Further research is necessary to confirm any anti-inflammatory effects of CLO on joint tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando B Vergara-Hernandez
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Char L Panek
- Department of Large Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Brian D Nielsen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Cara I Robison
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Aimee C Colbath
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Moriyama Y, Hasuzawa N, Nomura M. Is the vesicular nucleotide transporter a molecular target of eicosapentaenoic acid? Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1080189. [PMID: 36569286 PMCID: PMC9768625 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1080189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), an active transporter for nucleotides in secretory vesicles, is responsible for the vesicular storage of ATP and plays an essential role in purinergic chemical transmission. Inhibition of VNUT decreases the concentration of ATP in the luminal space of secretory vesicles, followed by decreased vesicular ATP release, resulting in the blockade of purinergic chemical transmission. Very recently, Miyaji and colleagues reported that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a potent VNUT inhibitor and effective in treating neuropathic and inflammatory pain and insulin resistance through inhibition of vesicular storage and release of ATP. However, our validation study indicated that, in bovine adrenal chromaffin granule membrane vesicles, EPA inhibited the formation of an electrochemical gradient of protons across the membrane with the concentration of 50% inhibition (IC50) being 1.0 μM without affecting concanamycin B-sensitive ATPase activity. Essentially, similar results were obtained with proteoliposomes containing purified vacuolar H+-ATPase. Consistent with these observations, EPA inhibited the ATP-dependent uptakes of ATP and dopamine by chromaffin granule membrane vesicles, with ID50 being 1.2 and 1.0 μM, respectively. Furthermore, EPA inhibited ATP-dependent uptake of L-glutamate by mouse brain synaptic vesicles with ID50 being 0.35 μM. These results indicate that EPA at sub-μM acts as a proton conductor and increases proton permeability across the membrane, regardless of the presence or absence of VNUT, thereby inhibiting non-specifically the vesicular storage of neurotransmitters. Thus, EPA may affect a broader range of chemical transmission than proposed.
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Vergara-Hernandez FB, Nielsen BD, Colbath AC. Is the Use of Bisphosphonates Putting Horses at Risk? An Osteoclast Perspective. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131722. [PMID: 35804621 PMCID: PMC9265010 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bisphosphonates are a group of drugs that intervene in the bone resorption process, producing cellular death of osteoclasts. These drugs are used for skeletal conditions, such as osteoporosis in humans, and are available for veterinary medical use. Clodronate and tiludronate are bisphosphonates approved for the treatment of navicular syndrome in horses over four years old. However, these drugs are sometimes used in juvenile animals under exercise, where osteoclast activity is higher. Bisphosphonate use in juvenile and/or exercising animals could have adverse effects, including maladaptation to exercise or accumulation of microdamage. Furthermore, bisphosphonates can be bound to the skeleton for several years, resulting in a prolonged effect with no pharmaceutical reversal available. This review presents an overview of osteoclast function and a review of bisphosphonate characteristics, mechanisms of action, and side effects in order to contextualize the potential for adverse/side effects in young or exercising animals. Abstract Osteoclasts are unique and vital bone cells involved in bone turnover. These cells are active throughout the individual’s life and play an intricate role in growth and remodeling. However, extra-label bisphosphonate use may impair osteoclast function, which could result in skeletal microdamage and impaired healing without commonly associated pain, affecting bone remodeling, fracture healing, and growth. These effects could be heightened when administered to growing and exercising animals. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are unevenly distributed in the skeleton; blood supply and bone turnover rate determine BPs uptake in bone. Currently, there is a critical gap in scientific knowledge surrounding the biological impacts of BP use in exercising animals under two years old. This may have significant welfare ramifications for growing and exercising equids. Therefore, future research should investigate the effects of these drugs on skeletally immature horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando B. Vergara-Hernandez
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, 474 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (F.B.V.-H.); (B.D.N.)
| | - Brian D. Nielsen
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, 474 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (F.B.V.-H.); (B.D.N.)
| | - Aimee C. Colbath
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Ave, East Lansing, MI 48864, USA
- Correspondence:
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Dietl P, Frick M. Channels and Transporters of the Pulmonary Lamellar Body in Health and Disease. Cells 2021; 11:45. [PMID: 35011607 PMCID: PMC8750383 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lamellar body (LB) of the alveolar type II (ATII) cell is a lysosome-related organelle (LRO) that contains surfactant, a complex mix of mainly lipids and specific surfactant proteins. The major function of surfactant in the lung is the reduction of surface tension and stabilization of alveoli during respiration. Its lack or deficiency may cause various forms of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Surfactant is also part of the innate immune system in the lung, defending the organism against air-borne pathogens. The limiting (organelle) membrane that encloses the LB contains various transporters that are in part responsible for translocating lipids and other organic material into the LB. On the other hand, this membrane contains ion transporters and channels that maintain a specific internal ion composition including the acidic pH of about 5. Furthermore, P2X4 receptors, ligand gated ion channels of the danger signal ATP, are expressed in the limiting LB membrane. They play a role in boosting surfactant secretion and fluid clearance. In this review, we discuss the functions of these transporting pathways of the LB, including possible roles in disease and as therapeutic targets, including viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dietl
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Hasuzawa N, Moriyama S, Wang L, Nagayama A, Ashida K, Moriyama Y, Nomura M. Quinacrine is not a vital fluorescent probe for vesicular ATP storage. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:725-735. [PMID: 34713379 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinacrine, a fluorescent amphipathic amine, has been used as a vital fluorescent probe to visualize vesicular storage of ATP in the field of purinergic signaling. However, the mechanism(s) by which quinacrine represents vesicular ATP storage remains to be clarified. The present study investigated the validity of the use of quinacrine as a vial fluorescent probe for ATP-storing organelles. Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), an essential component for vesicular storage and ATP release, is present in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-containing secretory vesicles in hepatocytes. VNUT gene knockout (Vnut-/-) or clodronate treatment, a VNUT inhibitor, disappeared vesicular ATP release (Tatsushima et al., Biochim Biophys Acta Molecular Basis of Disease 2021, e166013). Upon incubation of mice's primary hepatocytes, quinacrine accumulates in a granular pattern into the cytoplasm, sensitive to 0.1-μM bafilomycin A1, a vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) inhibitor. Neither Vnut-/- nor treatment of clodronate affected quinacrine granular accumulation. In vitro, quinacrine is accumulated into liposomes upon imposing inside acidic transmembranous pH gradient (∆pH) irrespective of the presence or absence of ATP. Neither ATP binding on VNUT nor VNUT-mediated uptake of ATP was affected by quinacrine. Consistently, VNUT-mediated uptake of quinacrine was negligible or under the detection limit. From these results, it is concluded that vesicular quinacrine accumulation is not due to a consequence of its interaction with ATP but due to ∆pH-driven concentration across the membranes as an amphipathic amine. Thus, quinacrine is not a vital fluorescent probe for vesicular ATP storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Sawako Moriyama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Lixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Ayako Nagayama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Kenji Ashida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Moriyama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
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11
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Sugiyama T, Shiotani A. The Cutting Edge Research of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Japan: Review on JGA Core Symposium 2018-2020. Digestion 2021; 102:6-11. [PMID: 33080599 DOI: 10.1159/000510680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Highly impacted articles on functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders research presented at the core symposium held in the Japanese Gastroenterological Association (JGA) annual meeting 2018-2020 are selected and summarized. Regarding visceral hypersensitivity and sensor in GI tracts, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 ion channel and acid-sensitive ion channel were candidates for hypersensitivity in GI tracts. ATP release from vesicular nucleotide transporter may be a key pathway to sensitize the nerve endings. Regarding inflammation and mucosal immune responses, patients infected with H. pylori having Ser70 type single nucleotide polymorphism of NapA gene was associated with H. pylori-related dyspepsia via gastric dysmotility. Gastric histology infected with Ser70 type NapA was shown severe infiltration of neutrophils into intramuscular layer. Macrophages, mast cells, and neutrophils are infiltrated in the colon of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and the locally produced IL-1β upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in enteric glia cells. BDNF can also stimulate nerve endings and might be linked to pain in the colon. Dysbiosis in the composition of commensal bacteria communities is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases including IBS and gut-brain interaction. The investigation on the mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) is essential for understanding the interactions. The α-diversity and β-diversity of MAM indices are significantly different among IBS-D, IBS-C, and controls, and the different diversity might contribute to the pathophysiology of IBS. As research works on psychosocial factors show, maternal separation animal model was used and it is early life stress. The stress had induced colonic hyper-contraction, gastric hypersensitivity, and delayed emptying. The precise molecular mechanisms are still under investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Sugiyama
- Research Division of Molecular Targeting Therapy and Prevention of GI Cancer, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan,
| | - Akiko Shiotani
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
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12
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Ayala-Lopez N, Watts SW. Physiology and Pharmacology of Neurotransmitter Transporters. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:2279-2295. [PMID: 34190339 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of the ability of a neurotransmitter [our focus: serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, glycine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)] to reach its receptor targets is regulated in part by controlling the access the neurotransmitter has to receptors. Transporters, located at both the cellular plasma membrane and in subcellular vesicles, carry a myriad of responsibilities that include enabling neurotransmitter release and controlling uptake of neurotransmitter back into a cell or vesicle. Driven largely by electrochemical gradients, these transporters move neurotransmitters. The regulation of the transporters themselves through changes in expression and/or posttranslational modification allows for fine-tuning of this system. Transporters have been best recognized as targets for psychoactive stimulants and remain a mainstay target of primarily central nervous system (CNS) acting drugs for treatment of debilitating diseases such as depression and anxiety. Studies reveal, however, that transporters are found and functional in tissues outside the CNS (gastrointestinal and cardiovascular tissues, for example). The importance of neurotransmitter transporters is underscored with discoveries that dysfunction of transporters can cause life-changing disease. This article provides a high-level review of major classes of both plasma membrane transporters and vesicular transporters. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:2279-2295, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ayala-Lopez
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephanie W Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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13
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Moretti A, Paoletta M, Liguori S, Ilardi W, Snichelotto F, Toro G, Gimigliano F, Iolascon G. The Rationale for the Intra-Articular Administration of Clodronate in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052693. [PMID: 33799992 PMCID: PMC7962069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several pharmacological therapeutic approaches have been proposed to manage osteoarthritis (OA), including intra-articular (IA) injections. Although the discovery of clodronate, a bisphosphonate, dates back to the 1960s and the effects of its IA administration have been investigated for decades in animal models, mechanisms of action of this drug are not quite clear, particularly in OA. This scoping review is an overview of the biological as well as the clinical role of clodronic acid in OA. METHOD A scoping review based on the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) model was performed to characterize the mechanisms of action of IA clodronate in OA and to evaluate its efficacy from a clinical point of view. RESULTS Several effects of clodronate have been observed in animal models of OA, including depletion of synovial lining cells that results in reduced production of chemokines (IL-1, TNF- α), growth factors (TGF-β, BMP 2/4), and metalloproteases (MMP 2/3/9); prevention of cartilage damage, synovial hyperplasia, and proteoglycans loss; reduction in joint inflammation, joint swelling, and osteophyte formation. From a clinical perspective, patients with knee OA treated with IA clodronate experienced improvements in pain and joint mobility. CONCLUSION Clodronate appears to have different mechanisms of action interfering with the pathogenic processes contributing to OA development and progression. This intervention demonstrated positive effects for patients affected by knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (W.I.); (F.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Marco Paoletta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (W.I.); (F.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Sara Liguori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (W.I.); (F.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Walter Ilardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (W.I.); (F.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Francesco Snichelotto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (W.I.); (F.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Toro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (W.I.); (F.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Francesca Gimigliano
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (W.I.); (F.S.); (G.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-566-5538
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14
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Clodronate, an inhibitor of the vesicular nucleotide transporter, ameliorates steatohepatitis and acute liver injury. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5192. [PMID: 33664289 PMCID: PMC7933178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) is responsible for the vesicular storage and release of ATP from various ATP-secreting cells, and it plays an essential role in purinergic signaling. Although extracellular ATP and its degradation products are known to mediate various inflammatory responses via purinoceptors, whether vesicular ATP release affects steatohepatitis and acute liver injury is far less understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of clodronate, a potent and selective VNUT inhibitor, on acute and chronic liver inflammation in mice. In a model of methionine/choline-deficient diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the administration of clodronate reduced hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and triglyceride accumulation. Clodronate also protected mice against high-fat/high-cholesterol diet-induced steatohepatitis. Moreover, prophylactic administration of clodronate prevented d-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver injury by reducing inflammatory cytokines and hepatocellular apoptosis. In vitro, clodronate inhibited glucose-induced vesicular ATP release mediated by VNUT and reduced the intracellular level and secretion of triglycerides in isolated hepatocytes. These results suggest that VNUT-dependent vesicular ATP release plays a crucial role in the recruitment of immune cells, cytokine production, and the aggravation of steatosis in the liver. Pharmacological inhibition of VNUT may provide therapeutic benefits in liver inflammatory disorders, including NASH and acute toxin-induced injury.
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15
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Tatsushima K, Hasuzawa N, Wang L, Hiasa M, Sakamoto S, Ashida K, Sudo N, Moriyama Y, Nomura M. Vesicular ATP release from hepatocytes plays a role in the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166013. [PMID: 33212187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is becoming a growing public health problem along with the increase of metabolic syndrome worldwide. Extracellular nucleotides are known to serve as a danger signal by initiating purinergic signaling in many inflammatory disorders, although the role of purinergic signaling in the progression of NASH remains to be clarified. Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) is a key molecule responsible for vesicular ATP release to initiate purinergic signaling. Here, we studied the role of VNUT in the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. VNUT was expressed in mouse hepatocytes and associated, at least in part, with apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing vesicles. High glucose stimulation evoked release of appreciable amount of ATP from hepatocytes, which disappeared in hepatocytes of Vnut knockout (Vnut-/-) mice. Glucose treatment also stimulated triglyceride secretion from hepatocytes, which was inhibited by PPADS and MRS211, antagonists of P2Y receptors, and clodronate, a VNUT inhibitor, and was significantly reduced in Vnut-/- mice. In vivo, postprandial secretion of triglyceride from hepatocytes was observed, while the serum triglyceride level was significantly reduced in Vnut-/- mice. On a high-fat diet, the liver of wild type mice exhibited severe inflammation, fibrosis, and macrophage infiltration, which is similar to NASH in humans, while this NASH pathology was not observed in Vnut-/- mice. These results suggest that VNUT-mediated vesicular ATP release regulates triglyceride secretion and involves in chronic inflammation in hepatocytes. Since blockade of vesicular ATP release protects against progression of steatohepatitis, VNUT may be a pharmacological target for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Tatsushima
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Endocrine Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Nao Hasuzawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Lixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Miki Hiasa
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shohei Sakamoto
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji Ashida
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Sudo
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Moriyama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.
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16
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Hasuzawa N, Tatsushima K, Tokubuchi R, Kabashima M, Nomura M. [VNUT Is a Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetes and NASH]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:517-526. [PMID: 33790119 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ATP, used in cells as an energy currency, also acts as an extracellular signaling molecule. Studies of purinergic receptor subtypes have revealed that purinergic chemical transmission plays important roles in various cell types. The vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), the ninth transporter in the SLC17 organic anion transporter family, is essential for vesicular ATP storage and its subsequent release. The VNUT is localized on the membrane of secretory vesicles and actively transports ATP into vesicles using an electrochemical gradient of protons supplied by vacuolar proton ATPase (V-ATPase) as a driving force. ATP acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs), contributing to the persistence of chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation induces systemic insulin resistance, which is the underlying pathology of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We previously demonstrated that ATP transported in insulin granules via the VNUT negatively regulates insulin secretion. We also found that hepatocytes release ATP in a VNUT-dependent manner, which elicits hepatic insulin resistance and inflammation. VNUT-knockout mice exhibited improved glucose tolerance and were resistant to the development of high fat diet-induced NAFLD. In this article, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism of the VNUT, the development of inhibitors, and its pathological involvement in type 2 diabetes and NAFLD. The pharmacological inhibition of the VNUT may represent a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | | | - Rie Tokubuchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Masaharu Kabashima
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
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17
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Paniagua-Herranz L, Menéndez-Méndez A, Gómez-Villafuertes R, Olivos-Oré LA, Biscaia M, Gualix J, Pérez-Sen R, Delicado EG, Artalejo AR, Miras-Portugal MT, Ortega F. Live Imaging Reveals Cerebellar Neural Stem Cell Dynamics and the Role of VNUT in Lineage Progression. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 15:1080-1094. [PMID: 33065045 PMCID: PMC7663791 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the intrinsic specification of postnatal cerebellar neural stem cells (NSCs) and to what extent they depend on information from their local niche. Here, we have used an adapted cell preparation of isolated postnatal NSCs and live imaging to demonstrate that cerebellar progenitors maintain their neurogenic nature by displaying hallmarks of NSCs. Furthermore, by using this preparation, all the cell types produced postnatally in the cerebellum, in similar relative proportions to those observed in vivo, can be monitored. The fact that neurogenesis occurs in such organized manner in the absence of signals from the local environment, suggests that cerebellar lineage progression is to an important extent governed by cell-intrinsic or pre-programmed events. Finally, we took advantage of the absence of the niche to assay the influence of the vesicular nucleotide transporter inhibition, which dramatically reduced the number of NSCs in vitro by promoting their progression toward neurogenesis. We present a preparation that allows monitoring the behavior of cerebellar NSCs Isolated NSCs maintain their neurogenic nature in absence of niche factors The model enables monitoring the three postnatal cerebellar niches simultaneously VNUT influences the balance between quiescence and activation of cerebellar NSCs
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Paniagua-Herranz
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida Menéndez-Méndez
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Gómez-Villafuertes
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A Olivos-Oré
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Biscaia
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Gualix
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Pérez-Sen
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esmerilda G Delicado
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio R Artalejo
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Miras-Portugal
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Ortega
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Paoletta M, Moretti A, Liguori S, Bertone M, Toro G, Iolascon G. Transient osteoporosis of the hip and subclinical hypothyroidism: an unusual dangerous duet? Case report and pathogenetic hypothesis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:543. [PMID: 32791961 PMCID: PMC7427076 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03574-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient osteoporosis of the hip (TOH) is a rare and temporary clinical condition characterised by bone marrow edema (BME), severe pain, and functional limitation. It commonly occurs in middle-aged men or in women in the last trimester of pregnancy. TOH usually resolves with conservative therapy but may predispose to hip fracture or progression to avascular necrosis (AVN). Etiology is still unclear, although several pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning this condition has been proposed. We describe the management of an unusual case of TOH occurred in a patient with subclinical hypothyroidism. CASE PRESENTATION A clinical case of a 46-year-old man with severe pain in the left anterior thigh is presented. After a comprehensive clinical and radiological approach, a TOH was diagnosed. Moreover, biochemical assessment suggested the presence of subclinical hypothyroidism. After 3 months of treatment with clodronate, physical therapy and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) a significant improvement of clinical and radiological outcomes was observed. CONCLUSION Several pathological conditions have been related to development of TOH. In our case, we suggested for the first time a role of subclinical hypothyroidism as novel contributory factor for the onset of this condition, providing pathophysiological mechanisms and a scientific rationale for pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paoletta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 4, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 4, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Sara Liguori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 4, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 4, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 4, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 4, 80138, Naples, Italy
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19
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Dubois L, Pietrancosta N, Cabaye A, Fanget I, Debacker C, Gilormini PA, Dansette PM, Dairou J, Biot C, Froissart R, Goupil-Lamy A, Bertrand HO, Acher FC, McCort-Tranchepain I, Gasnier B, Anne C. Amino Acids Bearing Aromatic or Heteroaromatic Substituents as a New Class of Ligands for the Lysosomal Sialic Acid Transporter Sialin. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8231-8249. [PMID: 32608236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sialin, encoded by the SLC17A5 gene, is a lysosomal sialic acid transporter defective in Salla disease, a rare inherited leukodystrophy. It also enables metabolic incorporation of exogenous sialic acids, leading to autoantibodies against N-glycolylneuraminic acid in humans. Here, we identified a novel class of human sialin ligands by virtual screening and structure-activity relationship studies. The ligand scaffold is characterized by an amino acid backbone with a free carboxylate, an N-linked aromatic or heteroaromatic substituent, and a hydrophobic side chain. The most potent compound, 45 (LSP12-3129), inhibited N-acetylneuraminic acid 1 (Neu5Ac) transport in a non-competitive manner with IC50 ≈ 2.5 μM, a value 400-fold lower than the KM for Neu5Ac. In vitro and molecular docking studies attributed the non-competitive character to selective inhibitor binding to the Neu5Ac site in a cytosol-facing conformation. Moreover, compound 45 rescued the trafficking defect of the pathogenic mutant (R39C) causing Salla disease. This new class of cell-permeant inhibitors provides tools to investigate the physiological roles of sialin and help develop pharmacological chaperones for Salla disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Dubois
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS, UMR 8601, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Pietrancosta
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.,Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Cabaye
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS, UMR 8601, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France.,BIOVIA, Dassault Systèmes, F-78140 Velizy-Villacoublay, France
| | - Isabelle Fanget
- SPPIN - Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Debacker
- SPPIN - Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-André Gilormini
- UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie et Fonctionnelle, Université de Lille, CNRS, F-59650 Lille, France
| | - Patrick M Dansette
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS, UMR 8601, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Julien Dairou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS, UMR 8601, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Biot
- UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie et Fonctionnelle, Université de Lille, CNRS, F-59650 Lille, France
| | - Roseline Froissart
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Bron, France
| | | | | | - Francine C Acher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS, UMR 8601, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle McCort-Tranchepain
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS, UMR 8601, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Gasnier
- SPPIN - Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Christine Anne
- SPPIN - Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
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20
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Hasuzawa N, Moriyama S, Moriyama Y, Nomura M. Physiopathological roles of vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), an essential component for vesicular ATP release. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183408. [PMID: 32652056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) is the last identified member of the SLC17 organic anion transporter family, which plays a central role in vesicular storage in ATP-secreting cells. The discovery of VNUT demonstrated that, despite having been neglected for a long time, vesicular ATP release represents a major pathway for purinergic chemical transmission, which had been mainly attributed to ATP permeation channels. This article summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism of VNUT and its physiopathological roles as well as the development of inhibitors. Regulating the activity and/or the expression of VNUT represents a new and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Sawako Moriyama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Moriyama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
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21
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Moriyama Y, Hatano R, Moriyama S, Uehara S. Vesicular polyamine transporter as a novel player in amine-mediated chemical transmission. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183208. [PMID: 32004521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The solute carrier 18B1 (SLC18B1) is the most recently identified gene of the vesicular amine transporter family and is conserved in the animal kingdom from insects to humans. Proteoliposomes containing the purified human SLC18B1 protein transport not only monoamines, but also polyamines, such as spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), using an electrochemical gradient of H+ established by vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) as the driving force. SLC18B1 gene knockdown abolished the exocytosis of polyamines from mast cells, which affected the secretion of histamine. SLC18B1 gene knockout decreased polyamine levels by ~20% in the brain, and impaired short- and long-term memory. Thus, the SLC18B1 protein is responsible for the vesicular storage and release of polyamines, and functions as a vesicular polyamine transporter (VPAT). VPAT may define when, where, and how polyamine-mediated chemical transmission occurs, providing insights into the more versatile and complex features of amine-mediated chemical transmission than currently considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Moriyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; CYRIC Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Ryo Hatano
- Department of Medicinal Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Satomi Moriyama
- Laboratory of Bio-Molecular Dynamics, Department of Collaborative Research, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uehara
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan
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22
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Tzschentke TM. Pharmacology of bisphosphonates in pain. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 178:1973-1994. [PMID: 31347149 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of pain, in particular, chronic pain, remains a clinical challenge. This is particularly true for pain associated with severe or rare conditions, such as bone cancer pain, vulvodynia, or complex regional pain syndrome. Over the recent years, there is an increasing interest in the potential of bisphosphonates in the treatment of pain, although there are few papers describing antinociceptive and anti-hypersensitizing effects of bisphosphonates in various animal models of pain. There is also increasing evidence for clinical efficacy of bisphosphonates in chronic pain states, although the number of well-controlled studies is still limited. However, the mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of bisphosphonates are still largely elusive. This review provides an overview of preclinical and clinical studies of bisphosphonates in pain and discusses various pharmacological mechanisms that have been postulated to explain their analgesic effects. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on The molecular pharmacology of bone and cancer-related bone diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.9/issuetoc.
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23
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Yin Y, Hong J, Phạm TL, Shin J, Gwon DH, Kwon HH, Shin N, Shin HJ, Lee SY, Lee WH, Kim DW. Evans Blue Reduces Neuropathic Pain Behavior by Inhibiting Spinal ATP Release. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184443. [PMID: 31505901 PMCID: PMC6770806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon peripheral nerve injury, vesicular ATP is released from damaged primary afferent neurons. This extracellular ATP subsequently activates purinergic receptors of the spinal cord, which play a critical role in neuropathic pain. As an inhibitor of the vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), Evans blue (EB) inhibits the vesicular storage and release of ATP in neurons. Thus, we tested whether EB could attenuate neuropathic pain behavior induced by spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in rats by targeting VNUT. An intrathecal injection of EB efficiently attenuated mechanical allodynia for five days in a dose-dependent manner and enhanced locomotive activity in an SNL rat model. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that EB was found in VNUT immunoreactivity on neurons in the dorsal root ganglion and the spinal dorsal horn. The level of ATP in cerebrospinal fluid in rats with SNL-induced neuropathic pain decreased upon administration of EB. Interestingly, EB blocked ATP release from neurons, but not glial cells in vitro. Eventually, the loss of ATP decreased microglial activity in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord, followed by a reduction in reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory mediators, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. Finally, a similar analgesic effect of EB was demonstrated in rats with monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis (OA) pain. Taken together, these data demonstrate that EB prevents ATP release in the spinal dorsal horn and reduces the ATP/purinergic receptor-induced activation of spinal microglia followed by a decline in algogenic substances, thereby relieving neuropathic pain in rats with SNL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Yin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Jinpyo Hong
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Thuỳ Linh Phạm
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Juhee Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Do Hyeong Gwon
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Hyeok Hee Kwon
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Hyo Jung Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Sun Yeul Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Won-Hyung Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Dong Woon Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
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24
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Iwai Y, Kamatani S, Moriyama S, Omote H. Function of essential chloride and arginine residue in nucleotide binding to vesicular nucleotide transporter. J Biochem 2019; 165:479-486. [PMID: 30649354 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) plays a key role in purinergic signalling through its ability to transport nucleotides. VNUT belongs to the SLC17 family, which includes vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) and Type I Na+/phosphate cotransporters. All of these transporters exhibit membrane potential and Cl--dependent organic anion transport activity and have essential arginine in the transmembrane region. Previously, we reported that ketoacids inhibit these transporters through modulation of Cl- activation. Although this regulation is important to control signal transmission, the mechanisms underlying Cl--dependent regulation are unclear. Here, we examined the functional roles of Cl- and essential arginine residue on ATP binding to VNUT using the fluorescent ATP analogue trinitrophenyl-ATP (TNP-ATP). The fluorescence of TNP-ATP was enhanced by VNUT, whereas no enhancement was observed by VGLUT. Concentration-dependence curves showed that TNP-ATP was a high-affinity fluorescent probe for VNUT, with a Kd of 4.8 μM. TNP-ATP binding was competitive to ATP and showed similar specificity to transport activity. Addition of Cl- and ketoacids did not affect the apparent affinity for TNP-ATP. The Arg119 to Ala mutant retained TNP-ATP binding ability with slightly reduced affinity. Overall, these results indicated that Cl- and essential arginine were not important for ATP binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Iwai
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Setsuko Kamatani
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sawako Moriyama
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Omote
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
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25
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Datta G, Miller NM, Afghah Z, Geiger JD, Chen X. HIV-1 gp120 Promotes Lysosomal Exocytosis in Human Schwann Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:329. [PMID: 31379513 PMCID: PMC6650616 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) associated neuropathy is the most common neurological complication of HIV-1, with debilitating pain affecting the quality of life. HIV-1 gp120 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV neuropathy via direct neurotoxic effects or indirect pro-inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that gp120-induced release of mediators from Schwann cells induce CCR5-dependent DRG neurotoxicity, however, CCR5 antagonists failed to improve pain in HIV- infected individuals. Thus, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of neuropathic pain pathogenesis and developing effective therapeutic strategies. Because lysosomal exocytosis in Schwann cells is an indispensable process for regulating myelination and demyelination, we determined the extent to which gp120 affected lysosomal exocytosis in human Schwann cells. We demonstrated that gp120 promoted the movement of lysosomes toward plasma membranes, induced lysosomal exocytosis, and increased the release of ATP into the extracellular media. Mechanistically, we demonstrated lysosome de-acidification, and activation of P2X4 and VNUT to underlie gp120-induced lysosome exocytosis. Functionally, we demonstrated that gp120-induced lysosome exocytosis and release of ATP from Schwann cells leads to increases in intracellular calcium and generation of cytosolic reactive oxygen species in DRG neurons. Our results suggest that gp120-induced lysosome exocytosis and release of ATP from Schwann cells and DRG neurons contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV-1 associated neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Datta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Nicole M Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Zahra Afghah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Jonathan D Geiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Xuesong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
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26
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Miras-Portugal MT, Menéndez-Méndez A, Gómez-Villafuertes R, Ortega F, Delicado EG, Pérez-Sen R, Gualix J. Physiopathological Role of the Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter (VNUT) in the Central Nervous System: Relevance of the Vesicular Nucleotide Release as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:224. [PMID: 31156398 PMCID: PMC6533569 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vesicular storage of neurotransmitters, which allows their subsequent exocytotic release, is essential for chemical transmission in the central nervous system. Neurotransmitter uptake into secretory vesicles is carried out by vesicular transporters, which use the electrochemical proton gradient generated by a vacuolar H+-ATPase to drive neurotransmitter vesicular accumulation. ATP and other nucleotides are relevant extracellular signaling molecules that participate in a variety of biological processes. Although the active transport of nucleotides into secretory vesicles has been characterized from the pharmacological and biochemical point of view, the protein responsible for such vesicular accumulation remained unidentified for some time. In 2008, the human SLC17A9 gene, the last identified member of the SLC17 transporters, was found to encode the vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT). VNUT is expressed in various ATP-secreting cells and is able to transport a wide variety of nucleotides in a vesicular membrane potential-dependent manner. VNUT knockout mice lack vesicular storage and release of ATP, resulting in blockage of the purinergic transmission. This review summarizes the current studies on VNUT and analyzes the physiological relevance of the vesicular nucleotide transport in the central nervous system. The possible role of VNUT in the development of some pathological processes, such as chronic neuropathic pain or glaucoma is also discussed. The putative involvement of VNUT in these pathologies raises the possibility of the use of VNUT inhibitors for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María T Miras-Portugal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida Menéndez-Méndez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Gómez-Villafuertes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Ortega
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esmerilda G Delicado
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Pérez-Sen
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Gualix
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Dalgarno R, Leduc-Pessah H, Pilapil A, Kwok CH, Trang T. Intrathecal delivery of a palmitoylated peptide targeting Y382-384 within the P2X7 receptor alleviates neuropathic pain. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918795793. [PMID: 30146934 PMCID: PMC6111392 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918795793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain hypersensitivity resulting from peripheral nerve injury depends on
pathological microglial activation in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. This
microglial activity is critically modulated by P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) and ATP
stimulation of these receptors produces mechanical allodynia, a defining feature
of neuropathic pain. Peripheral nerve injury increases P2X7R expression and
potentiates its cation channel function in spinal microglia. Here, we report a
means to preferentially block the potentiation of P2X7R function by delivering a
membrane permeant small interfering peptide that targets Y382-384, a
putative tyrosine phosphorylation site within the P2X7R intracellular C-terminal
domain. Intrathecal administration of this palmitoylated peptide
(P2X7R379-389) transiently reversed mechanical allodynia caused
by peripheral nerve injury in both male and female rats. Furthermore, targeting
Y382-384 suppressed P2X7R-mediated release of cytokine tumor
necrosis factor alpha and blocked the adoptive transfer of mechanical allodynia
caused by intrathecal injection of P2X7R-stimulated microglia. Thus,
Y382-384 site-specific modulation of P2X7R is an important
microglial mechanism in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Dalgarno
- 1 Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,2 Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,3 Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Heather Leduc-Pessah
- 1 Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,2 Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,3 Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexandra Pilapil
- 1 Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,2 Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,3 Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Charlie Ht Kwok
- 1 Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,2 Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,3 Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tuan Trang
- 1 Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,2 Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,3 Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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28
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Mihara H, Uchida K, Koizumi S, Moriyama Y. Involvement of VNUT-exocytosis in transient receptor potential vanilloid 4-dependent ATP release from gastrointestinal epithelium. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206276. [PMID: 30365528 PMCID: PMC6203352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) modulates mechanosensitive vagal afferent nerves in the gastrointestinal tract. ATP is stored in secretory vesicles via the ATP transporter VNUT. Recently, the bisphosphate clodronate was reported to inhibit VNUT and was suggested to be a safe potent therapeutic option for chronic pain. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is activated by mechanical stimuli and some epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and becomes sensitized under inflammatory conditions. We have previously reported that TRPV4 and VNUT are expressed in mouse esophageal keratinocytes and that TRPV4 activation induces ATP release in gastric epithelial cells. Here we show the expression of TRPV4 and VNUT in normal human gastrointestinal cell derived cell lines (GES-1 and CCD 841) and in tissues from normal and VNUT-KO mice. TRPV4 agonists (GSK101 or 8,9-EET) induced an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ and/or current responses in mouse primary colonic epithelial cells and CCD 841 cells, but not in cells isolated from TRPV4-KO mice. TRPV4 agonists (GSK101 or 5.6-EET) also induced ATP release in GES-1 and CCD 841 cells, which could be blocked by the VNUT inhibitor, clodronate. Thus, VNUT inhibition with clodronate could represent a novel therapeutic option for visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Mihara
- Center for Medical Education and Career Development, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kunitoshi Uchida
- Department of Physiological Science and Molecular Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Schuichi Koizumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Moriyama
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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29
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Harada Y, Kato Y, Miyaji T, Omote H, Moriyama Y, Hiasa M. Vesicular nucleotide transporter mediates ATP release and migration in neutrophils. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3770-3779. [PMID: 29363573 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.810168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils migrate to sites infected by pathogenic microorganisms. This migration is regulated by neutrophil-secreted ATP, which stimulates neutrophils in an autocrine manner through purinergic receptors on the plasma membrane. Although previous studies have shown that ATP is released through channels at the plasma membrane of the neutrophil, it remains unknown whether it is also released through alternate secretory systems involving vesicular mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the possible involvement of vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), a key molecule for vesicular storage and nucleotide release, in ATP secretion from neutrophils. RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis indicated that VNUT is expressed in mouse neutrophils. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that VNUT mainly colocalized with matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a marker of tertiary granules, which are secretory organelles. In mouse neutrophils, ATP release was inhibited by clodronate, which is a potent VNUT inhibitor. Furthermore, neutrophils from VNUT-/- mice did not release ATP and exhibited significantly reduced migration in vitro and in vivo These findings suggest that tertiary granule-localized VNUT is responsible for vesicular ATP release and subsequent neutrophil migration. Thus, these findings suggest an additional mechanism through which ATP is released by neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuika Harada
- From the Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuri Kato
- the Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan, and
| | - Takaaki Miyaji
- the Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan, and
| | - Hiroshi Omote
- From the Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Moriyama
- From the Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8530, Japan, .,the Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Siojiri 399-0781, Japan
| | - Miki Hiasa
- From the Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8530, Japan,
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