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Tetteh PA, Kalvani Z, Stevens D, Sappal R, Kamunde C. Interactions of binary mixtures of metals on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart mitochondrial H 2O 2 homeodynamics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:106986. [PMID: 38851027 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
For continuous pumping of blood, the heart needs a constant supply of energy (ATP) that is primarily met via oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes. However, sustained high rates of electron transport for energy conversion redox reactions predisposes the heart to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Mitochondrial ROS are fundamental drivers of responses to environmental stressors including metals but knowledge of how combinations of metals alter mitochondrial ROS homeodynamics remains sparse. We explored the effects and interactions of binary mixtures of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn), metals that are common contaminants of aquatic systems, on ROS (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2) homeodynamics in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart mitochondria. Isolated mitochondria were energized with glutamate-malate or succinate and exposed to a range of concentrations of the metals singly and in equimolar binary concentrations. Speciation analysis revealed that Cu was highly complexed by glutamate or Tris resulting in Cu2+ concentrations in the picomolar to nanomolar range. The concentration of Cd2+ was 7.2-7.5 % of the total while Zn2+ was 15 % and 21 % of the total during glutamate-malate and succinate oxidation, respectively. The concentration-effect relationships for Cu and Cd on mitochondrial H2O2 emission depended on the substrate while those for Zn were similar during glutamate-malate and succinate oxidation. Cu + Zn and Cu + Cd mixtures exhibited antagonistic interactions wherein Cu reduced the effects of both Cd and Zn, suggesting that Cu can mitigate oxidative distress caused by Cd or Zn. Binary combinations of the metals acted additively to reduce the rate constant and increase the half-life of H2O2 consumption while concomitantly suppressing thioredoxin reductase and stimulating glutathione peroxidase activities. Collectively, our study indicates that binary mixtures of Cu, Zn, and Cd act additively or antagonistically to modulate H2O2 homeodynamics in heart mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pius Abraham Tetteh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Zahra Kalvani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, New York, USA
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada.
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2
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Arteaga-Silva M, Limón-Morales O, Bonilla-Jaime H, Vigueras-Villaseñor RM, Rojas-Castañeda J, Hernández-Rodríguez J, Montes S, Hernández-González M, Ríos C. Effects of postnatal exposure to cadmium on male sexual incentive motivation and copulatory behavior: Estrogen and androgen receptors expression in adult brain rat. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108445. [PMID: 37482142 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous evidence showing that cadmium (Cd) is an endocrine disruptor that exerts multiple toxic effects at different reproductive levels, including male sexual behavior (MSB). The effect of early exposure to Cd on sexual incentive motivation (SIM) and MSB in adult stage, and the immunoreactivity of receptors for hormones such as estrogens and androgens in brain regions that are relevant for the SIM and MSB display, have not been studied until now. The present study evaluated the effects of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg CdCl2 from day 1-56 of postnatal life on SIM and MSB in adults rats, as well as serum testosterone concentrations, Cd concentration in blood, testis, and brain areas, and the immunoreactivity in estrogen receptors (ER-α and -β), and androgen receptor (AR) in the olfactory bulbs (OB), medial preoptic area (mPOA), and medial amygdala (MeA). Our results showed that both doses of Cd decreased SIM and MSB, accompanied by low serum concentrations of testosterone. Also, there was a significant reduction in immunoreactivity of ER-α and AR in mPOA, and a significant reduction in AR in MeA on male rats treated with Cd 1 mg/kg. These results show that exposure to high doses of Cd in early postnatal life could alter the correct integration of hormonal signals in the brain areas that regulate and display SIM and MSB in adult male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Arteaga-Silva
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1ª, Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, C.P. 09340, A.P. 55-535, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Ofelia Limón-Morales
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1ª, Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, C.P. 09340, A.P. 55-535, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1ª, Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, C.P. 09340, A.P. 55-535, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rosa María Vigueras-Villaseñor
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Calzada México Xochimilco No. 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, CP 14370 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Julio Rojas-Castañeda
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Calzada México Xochimilco No. 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, CP 14370 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Joel Hernández-Rodríguez
- Cuerpo Académico de Investigación en Salud de la Licenciatura en Quiropráctica (CA-UNEVE-01), Universidad Estatal del Valle de Ecatepec, Estado de México 55210, México
| | - Sergio Montes
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Lago de Chapala y Calle 16, Aztlán, Reynosa 88740, México
| | - Marisela Hernández-González
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo No. 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, 44130 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 14389, México
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3
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Isaev NK, Stelmashook EV, Genrikhs EE, Onishchenko GE. Interaction between mitophagy, cadmium and zinc. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127230. [PMID: 37290313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitophagy is the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy. This process is considered to be one of the stages of mitochondrial quality control, as a result of which damaged depolarized mitochondria are eliminated, thus limiting the formation of reactive oxygen species and the release of apoptogenic factors. Selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy is one of the main ways to protect cells from cadmium toxicity, which results in dysfunction of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, leading to electron leakage, production of reactive oxygen species and cells death. However, excessive autophagy can be dangerous for cells. Currently, the participation of cadmium ions in normal physiological processes has not been detected. Zn2+, unlike Cd2+, regulate the activity of a large number of functionally important proteins, including transcription factors, enzymes, and adapters. It has been shown that Zn2+ not only participate in autophagy, but are also crucial for basal or induced autophagy. It is likely that zinc drugs can be used to reduce the cadmium toxicity and in the regulation of mithophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolay K Isaev
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.
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4
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Stelmashook EV, Alexandrova OP, Genrikhs EE, Novikova SV, Salmina AB, Isaev NK. Effect of zinc and copper ions on cadmium-induced toxicity in rat cultured cortical neurons. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127012. [PMID: 35679765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal that is capable of accumulating in the body and causing neurodegeneration. However, the effect of other trace elements on Cd2+ toxicity is currently poorly understood. The aim of this work was to study the effect of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions on cadmium-induced death of neurons in the cerebral cortex. METHODS The work was performed on rat cortical primary cultures. The MTT test was used to determine the cytotoxicity effects. Analysis of intracellular Ca2+ concentration was assessed by the Fluo-4 AM calcium indicator that exhibit an increase in fluorescence upon binding Ca2+. MitoSOX Red (mitochondrial superoxide indicator) was used to measuring mitochondrial ROS content in live cells. RESULTS In this article, we show that the administration of CdCl2 (0.005-0.02 mM) for 48 h induced an increase in dose-dependent death rate of cultured cortical neurons. Mature neurons were more sensitive to the damaging effects of Cd2+ than immature ones. ZnCl2 (0.01-0.03 mM) significantly protected neurons from this toxic effect. In contrast to ZnCl2, CuCl2 (0.01 mM) increased cadmium neurotoxicity. Using Fluo-4 AM, measurements of intracellular calcium ions demonstrated that 24 h-exposure to Cd2+ induced intensive increase in Fluo-4 fluorescence in neurons, which was significantly reduced by zinc ions. CuCl2 increased the cadmium-induced Fluo-4 and MitoSOX Red fluorescence in neurons. The chelator of intracellular Ca2+ BAPTA significantly decreased Cd2+-induced intensive increase in Fluo-4 fluorescence in cells. CONCLUSION The data obtained by us indicate that Zn2+ and Cu2+ can affect the neurotoxicity of cadmium in different directions: Zn2+ weaken the violation of intracellular calcium homeostasis caused by cadmium, preventing cell death, while Cu2+ potentiate the increase in the level of free intracellular calcium induced by cadmium and the development of mitochondrial dysfunction with an increase in the production of free radicals in differentiated cultured neurons of the cerebral cortex, which ultimately stimulates cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nickolay K Isaev
- Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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5
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Yagi H, Fujihara C, Murakami S. Effects of oxidative stress-induced increases in Zn 2+ concentrations in human gingival epithelial cells. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:512-522. [PMID: 33641168 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Previous studies have reported that oxidative stress increases intracellular Zn2+ concentrations and induces cytotoxicity. However, no studies have investigated whether oxidative stress induces such changes in periodontal tissue cells. In the present study, we investigated the effect of oxidative stress on intracellular Zn2+ concentration in periodontium constituent cells and its potential relationship with periodontal disease. METHODS We analyzed changes in intracellular Zn2+ concentrations in human gingival epithelial (epi4) cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). The fluorescent probes FluoZin-3 AM and CellTracker Green CMFDA were used to detect intracellular Zn2+ and thiol groups, respectively. Western blot analyses, luciferase reporter assays, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were performed to examine the effect of intracellular Zn2+ on epi4 cells. RESULTS H2 O2 treatment increased intracellular concentrations of Zn2+ in epi4 cells by facilitating the movement of Zn2+ from cellular nonprotein thiols to the cytoplasm and promoting cell membrane permeability to Zn2+ . Furthermore, H2 O2 -induced increases in intracellular Zn2+ activated the p38 cAMP response element-binding protein/mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 CREB/MAPK) cascade, upregulated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) DNA binding, and increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9). CONCLUSION Increases in intracellular Zn2+ induced by oxidative stress activate signaling pathways involved in inflammation, potentially contributing to the progression of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Yagi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiharu Fujihara
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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6
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Al Omairi NE, Radwan OK, Alzahrani YA, Kassab RB. Neuroprotective efficiency of Mangifera indica leaves extract on cadmium-induced cortical damage in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1121-1130. [PMID: 29557530 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to the high ability of cadmium to cross the blood-brain barrier, cadmium (Cd) causes severe neurological damages. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of Mangifera indica leaf extract (MLE) against Cd-induced neurotoxicity. Rats were divided into eight groups. Group 1 served as vehicle control group, groups 2, 3 and 4 received MLE (100, 200, 300 mg /kg b.wt, respectively). Group 5 was treated with CdCl2 (5 mg/kg b.wt). Groups 6, 7 and 8 were co-treated with MLE and CdCl2 using the same doses. All treatments were orally administered for 28 days. Cortical oxidative stress biomarkers [Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione content (GSH), oxidized form of glutathione (GSSG), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interlukin-1β (IL-1β)], biogenic amines [norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT)], some biogenic metabolites [3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)], acetylcholine esterase activity (AChE) and purinergic compound [adenosine triphosphate (ATP)] were determined in frontal cortex of rats. Results indicated that Cd increased levels of the oxidative biomarkers (MDA, NO, GSSG and 8-OHdG) and the inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and IL-1β), while lowered GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx and ATP levels. Also, Cd significantly decreased the AChE activity and the tested biogenic amines while elevated the tested metabolites in the frontal cortex. Levels of all disrupted cortical parameters were alleviated by MLE co-administration. The MLE induced apparent protective effect on Cd-induced neurotoxicity in concern with its medium and higher doses which may be due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif E Al Omairi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omyma K Radwan
- Physiology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, 12553, Egypt
| | - Yahea A Alzahrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami B Kassab
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt.
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7
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Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Chen J, Yang J, Wang T, Zou H, Wang Y, Gu J, Liu X, Bian J, Liu Z. Cadmium-induced apoptosis in neuronal cells is mediated by Fas/FasL-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8837. [PMID: 29891925 PMCID: PMC5995901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal capable of damaging brain. Studies have demonstrated that Cd can induce apoptosis in neuronal cells. The CD95/APO-1 (Fas)/Fas Ligand (FasL) signaling pathway is one of the primary apoptosis pathways, but the role and regulatory mechanism of this pathway in neuronal cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated the underlying mechanism of the Fas/FasL system involving the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in neuronal cells. Primary rat cerebral cortical neurons and PC12 cells were exposed to Cd, which significantly activated expression of Fas, FasL, Fas-associated death domain (FADD) and cleaved caspase-8. However, expression of cleaved caspase-8 decreased at 20 µM Cd in primary cerebral cortical neurons. Importantly, Cd-induced apoptotic morphological changes and increase in the apoptosis rate were partially blocked by Z-IETD-FMK, which is a specific inhibitor of caspase-8. Cd-mediated increase of apoptosis rate was inhibited by anti-FasL antibody. Furthermore, our data revealed that Z-IETD-FMK also blocked increase of truncated BH3 interacting domain death agonist (tBID)/BID, decrease of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associate X protein (Bax) ratio and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), release of cytochrome c, as well as cleavage of caspase-9/3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) induced by Cd. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the Fas/FasL-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway plays an important role in Cd-induced neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Ben Mimouna S, Chemek M, Boughammoura S, Haouas Z, Messaoudi I. Protective role of zinc against the neurotoxicity induced by exposure to cadmium during gestation and lactation periods on hippocampal volume of pups tested in early adulthood. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 41:424-433. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1461901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Safa Ben Mimouna
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Marouane Chemek
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sana Boughammoura
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zohra Haouas
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Cytologie et Génétique (02/UR/08-03), Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Toxicologie Environnementale, ISA, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
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9
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Pellacani C, Costa LG. Role of autophagy in environmental neurotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:791-805. [PMID: 29353798 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to neurotoxic pollutants (e.g. metals, pesticides and other chemicals) is recognized as a key risk factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Emerging evidence indicates that an alteration in autophagic pathways may be correlated with the onset of the neurotoxicity resulting from chronic exposure to these pollutants. In fact, autophagy is a natural process that permits to preserving cell homeostasis, through the seizure and degradation of the cytosolic damaged elements. However, when an excessive level of intracellular damage is reached, the autophagic process may also induce cell death. A correct modulation of specific stages of autophagy is important to maintain the correct balance in the organism. In this review, we highlight the critical role that autophagy plays in neurotoxicity induced by the most common classes of environmental contaminants. The understanding of this mechanism may be helpful to discover a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce side effects induced by these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pellacani
- Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - L G Costa
- Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Dept. of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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10
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Isaev NK, Avilkina S, Golyshev SA, Genrikhs EE, Alexandrova OP, Kapkaeva MR, Stelmashook EV. N -acetyl- l -cysteine and Mn 2+ attenuate Cd 2+ -induced disturbance of the intracellular free calcium homeostasis in cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Toxicology 2018; 393:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Karoui-Kharrat D, Kaddour H, Hamdi Y, Mokni M, Amri M, Mezghani S. Response of antioxidant enzymes to cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in rat cerebellar granule neurons. Open Life Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biol-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCadmium (Cd) accumulates in the brain and can damage neurons via complex processes involving oxidative stress induction. In this study we used a homogenous population of neurons which are cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) to investigate damage induced by Cd and its effects on antioxidant enzyme activity. The exposure of CGNs to increasing concentrations of Cd (2.5 μM-100 μM) during 24 h, 48 h, or 72 h led to the induction of neuronal death in a dose- and exposure time-dependent manner. The necrotic and/or apoptotic pathway involved in the cell death trigged by Cd seems to depend on the concentration of Cd and the exposure time. In addition to its cell damage, Cd was shown to affect the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) depending on the concentration of Cd and the exposure time. We also found that the exposure to Cd induces a bigger change in SOD activity than in CAT activity. Taken together, our findings explain, in part, the mechanism of Cd toxicity in a specific type of neuron which can provide information related to neurological pathologies ascribed to Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhouha Karoui-Kharrat
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, Research Unit UR/11ES09, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hadhemi Kaddour
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, Research Unit UR/11ES09, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Hamdi
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, Research Unit UR/11ES09, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Meherzia Mokni
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, Research Unit UR/11ES09, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amri
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, Research Unit UR/11ES09, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sana Mezghani
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, Research Unit UR/11ES09, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
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12
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Kulikova OI, Fedorova TN, Stvolinsky SL, Orlova VS, Inozemtsev AN. Carnosine prevents the development of oxidative stress under the conditions of toxic action of cadmium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3103/s0096392516040064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Yang XF, Han QG, Liu DY, Zhang HT, Fan GY, Ma JY, Wang ZL. Microstructure and Ultrastructure Alterations in the Pallium of Immature Mice Exposed to Cadmium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 174:105-111. [PMID: 27084782 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate microstructure and ultrastructure alterations in the pallium of immature mice exposed to cadmium. Forty immature mice were randomly divided into control, 1/100 LD50 (1.87 mg/kg, low), 1/50 LD50 (3.74 mg/kg, medium), and 1/25 LD50 (7.48 mg/kg, high) dose groups. After oral cadmium exposure for 40 days, the pallium of mice was obtained for microstructure and ultrastructure studies. The results showed that both microstructure and ultrastructure alterations of the pallium were observed in all treated mice and the most obvious alterations were in the high dose group. Microstructural analysis showed seriously congested capillary in the pia mater of the pallium in the high cadmium group. Meanwhile, vacuolar degenerate or karyopyknosis presented in some neurocytes, capillary quantity, and the number of apoptotic cells increased, some neurocytes became hypertrophy, the pia mater separated from the cortex, and local hemorrhage and accompanied inflammatory cell infiltration were also observed. Ultrastructural analysis showed that rough endoplasmic reticulum was expanded, heterochromatin marginalized, perinuclear space distinctly broadened, swelling and vacuolization mitochondria appeared, synapse was swelling, presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes presented fusion, and most of mitochondrial cristae were ambiguous. The results indicated that cadmium exposure for 40 days induced dose-dependent microstructure and ultrastructure alterations in pallium of immature mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Yang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453003, China
| | - Q G Han
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453003, China
| | - D Y Liu
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453003, China
| | - H T Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453003, China
| | - G Y Fan
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453003, China
| | - J Y Ma
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453003, China
| | - Z L Wang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453003, China.
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Ohkubo M, Miyamoto A, Shiraishi M. Heavy metal chelator TPEN attenuates fura-2 fluorescence changes induced by cadmium, mercury and methylmercury. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:761-7. [PMID: 26781706 PMCID: PMC4905828 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation with heavy metals is known to induce calcium (Ca2+)
mobilization in many cell types. Interference with the measurement of intracellular
Ca2+ concentration by the heavy metals in cells loaded with Ca2+
indicator fura-2 is an ongoing problem. In this study, we analyzed the effect of heavy
metals on the fura-2 fluorescence ratio in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by using
TPEN, a specific cell-permeable heavy metal chelator. Manganese chloride (30–300
µM) did not cause significant changes in the fura-2 fluorescence ratio.
A high concentration (300 µM) of lead acetate induced a slight elevation
in the fura-2 fluorescence ratio. In contrast, stimulation with cadmium chloride, mercury
chloride or MeHg (3–30 µM) elicited an apparent elevation of the fura-2
fluorescence ratio in a dose-dependent manner. In cells stimulated with 10 or 30
µM cadmium chloride, the addition of TPEN decreased the elevated fura-2
fluorescence ratio to basal levels. In cells stimulated with mercury or MeHg, the addition
of TPEN significantly decreased the elevation of the fura-2 fluorescence ratio induced by
lower concentrations (10 µM) of mercury or MeHg, but not by higher
concentrations (30 µM). Pretreatment with Ca2+ channel
blockers, such as verapamil, 2-APB or lanthanum chloride, resulted in different effects on
the fura-2 fluorescence ratio. Our study provides a characterization of the effects of
several heavy metals on the mobilization of divalent cations and the toxicity of heavy
metals to neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ohkubo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Wang T, Wang Q, Song R, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Yuan Y, Bian J, Liu X, Gu J, Liu Z. Autophagy Plays a Cytoprotective Role During Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Primary Neuronal Cultures. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 168:481-9. [PMID: 26041154 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) induces significant oxidative damage in cells. Recently, it was reported that autophagy could be induced by Cd in neurons. However, little is known about the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during Cd-induced autophagy. In our study, we examined the cross-talk between ROS and autophagy by using N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, an antioxidant) and chloroquine (CQ, a pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy) in a primary rat neuronal cell cultures. We observed accumulation of acidic vesicular organelles and the increased expression of endogenous protein light chain 3 (LC3) in Cd-treated neurons, revealing that Cd induced a high level of autophagy. Moreover, increased levels of ROS were observed in neurons treated with Cd, showing that ROS accumulation was closely associated with neuron's exposure to Cd. Furthermore, we found that autophagy was inhibited by using CQ and/or NAC with further aggravation of mitochondrial damage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and hypoploid apoptotic cell number in Cd-treated neurons. These results proved that autophagy has a cytoprotective role during Cd-induced toxicity in neurons, and it can prevent the oxidative damage. These findings may enable the development of novel therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Bijie Pilot Area Research Institute of Bijie University, Bijie, 551700, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangbao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Calcium Signaling Involvement in Cadmium-Induced Astrocyte Cytotoxicity and Cell Death Through Activation of MAPK and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathways. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:1929-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1686-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Haider S, Anis L, Batool Z, Sajid I, Naqvi F, Khaliq S, Ahmed S. Short term cadmium administration dose dependently elicits immediate biochemical, neurochemical and neurobehavioral dysfunction in male rats. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:83-92. [PMID: 24976490 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a toxic environmental and industrial pollutant. Cadmium toxicity has been reported to produce biochemical and behavioral dysfunction that may cause adverse effects on several organs including the central nervous system. The present study was designed to investigate the neurotoxic effects of Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) at three different doses by using different behavioral models. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were also monitored following acute intraperitoneal injection of cadmium. Twenty four adult locally bred Albino Wistar rats were divided into control and 3 test groups (n = 6). Control rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline (0.9% NaCl) and test groups were injected with CdCl2 (1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg) dissolved in physiological solution. Behavioral activities of rats were monitored after 1 h of cadmium injection. Locomotor activity and depression-like symptoms were measured by Open Field Test (OFT) and Forced Swimming Test (FST) respectively. Anxiety like behavior was monitored using Light-dark Transition (LDT) test and memory functions of rats were assessed by Morris Water Maze test (MWM). In the present study acute cadmium administration dose dependently increased anxiety in rats as compared to control rats. A significant increase in depression-like symptoms was also exhibited by cadmium treated rats. These behavioral dysfunctions may be attributed to the decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and simultaneously increased brain lipid peroxidation (LPO). Moreover learning and memory assessed by MWM showed dose dependent impairment in memory function in cadmium treated rats as compared to control rats. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also decreased in brains of cadmium administered rats. It is suggested in this study that behavioral, biochemical and neurochemical dysfunctions caused by acute cadmium administration occur in a dose dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan,
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18
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Wei X, Qi Y, Zhang X, Gu X, Cai H, Yang J, Zhang Y. ROS act as an upstream signal to mediate cadmium-induced mitophagy in mouse brain. Neurotoxicology 2015; 46:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Yuan Y, Jiang C, Hu F, Wang Q, Zhang K, Wang Y, Gu J, Liu X, Bian J, Liu Z. The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase in cadmium-induced primary rat cerebral cortical neurons apoptosis via a mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 29:275-83. [PMID: 25043952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an extremely toxic metal capable of severely damaging several organs, including the brain. Studies have shown that Cd induces neuronal apoptosis partially by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. However, the underlying mechanism of MAPK involving the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in neurons remains unclear. In this study, primary rat cerebral cortical neurons were exposed to Cd, which significantly decreased cell viability and the B-cell lymphoma 2/Bcl-2 associate X protein (Bcl-2/Bax) ratio and increased the percentage of apoptotic cells, release of cytochrome c, cleavages of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). In addition, Cd induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK. Inhibition of ERK and JNK, but not p38 MAPK, partially protected the cells from Cd-induced apoptosis. ERK and JNK inhibition also blocked alteration of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, release of cytochrome c, cleavages of caspase-3 and PARP, and nuclear translocation of AIF. Taken together, these data suggest that the ERK- and JNK-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathways play important roles in Cd-induced neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Chenyang Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Feifei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Bijie Pilot Area Research Institute, Bijie University, Bijie 551700, PR China
| | - Kangbao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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20
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Goix S, Lévêque T, Xiong TT, Schreck E, Baeza-Squiban A, Geret F, Uzu G, Austruy A, Dumat C. Environmental and health impacts of fine and ultrafine metallic particles: assessment of threat scores. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 133:185-94. [PMID: 24959986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes global threat scores to prioritize the harmfulness of anthropogenic fine and ultrafine metallic particles (FMP) emitted into the atmosphere at the global scale. (Eco)toxicity of physicochemically characterized FMP oxides for metals currently observed in the atmosphere (CdO, CuO, PbO, PbSO(4), Sb(2)O(3), and ZnO) was assessed by performing complementary in vitro tests: ecotoxicity, human bioaccessibility, cytotoxicity, and oxidative potential. Using an innovative methodology based on the combination of (eco)toxicity and physicochemical results, the following hazard classification of the particles is proposed: CdCl2~CdO>CuO>PbO>ZnO>PbSO(4)>Sb(2)O(3). Both cadmium compounds exhibited the highest threat score due to their high cytotoxicity and bioaccessible dose, whatever their solubility and speciation, suggesting that cadmium toxicity is due to its chemical form rather than its physical form. In contrast, the Sb(2)O(3) threat score was the lowest due to particles with low specific area and solubility, with no effects except a slight oxidative stress. As FMP physicochemical properties reveal differences in specific area, crystallization systems, dissolution process, and speciation, various mechanisms may influence their biological impact. Finally, this newly developed and global approach could be widely used in various contexts of pollution by complex metal particles and may improve risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Goix
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Thibaut Lévêque
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; ADEME (French Agency for Environment and Energy Management), 20 Avenue du Grésillé, BP 90406, 49004 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Tian-Tian Xiong
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eva Schreck
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Baeza-Squiban
- Laboratoire des Réponses Moléculaires et Cellulaires aux Xénobiotiques, Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, EAC4413, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 Rue Thomas Mann, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Florence Geret
- GEODE, UMR CNRS 5602, University of Toulouse, Centre universitaire d׳Albi, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi, France
| | - Gaëlle Uzu
- Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Annabelle Austruy
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; Institut Ecocitoyen, Centre de vie la Fossette RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Camille Dumat
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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Notarachille G, Arnesano F, Calò V, Meleleo D. Heavy metals toxicity: effect of cadmium ions on amyloid beta protein 1-42. Possible implications for Alzheimer's disease. Biometals 2014; 27:371-88. [PMID: 24557150 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant, highly toxic to humans. This biologically non-essential element accumulates in the body, especially in the kidney, liver, lung and brain and can induce several toxic effects, depending on the concentration and the exposure time. Cd has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a probable risk factor, as it shows higher concentrations in brain tissues of AD patients than in healthy people, its implication in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and in the aggregation process of amyloid beta peptides (AβPs). AβPs seem to have toxic properties, particularly in their aggregated state; insoluble AβP forms, such as small and large aggregates, protofibrils and fibrils, appear to be implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. In our study, we have evaluated the effect of Cd, at different concentrations, both on the AβP1-42 ion channel incorporated in a planar lipid membrane made up of phosphatidylcholine containing 30 % cholesterol and on the secondary structure of AβP1-42 in aqueous environment. Cadmium is able to interact with the AβP1-42 peptide by acting on the channel incorporated into the membrane as well as on the peptide in solution, both decreasing AβP1-42 channel frequency and in solution forming large and amorphous aggregates prone to precipitate. These experimental observations suggesting a toxic role for Cd strengthen the hypothesis that Cd may interact directly with AβPs and may be a risk factor in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Notarachille
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
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ben Salah-Abbès J, Abbès S, Zohra H, Oueslati R. Tunisian radish (Raphanus sativus) extract prevents cadmium-induced immunotoxic and biochemical alterations in rats. J Immunotoxicol 2014; 12:40-7. [PMID: 24524755 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2014.880534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a known carcinogen and potent immunotoxicant in humans and animals, is dispersed throughout the environment as a result of pollution from a variety of sources. Tunisian radish (Raphanus sativus) extract (TRE) is a known anti-oxidant and free radical scavenger that has been shown to help alleviate immune system disorders, including some induced by environmental toxicants. The present study was undertaken to investigate potential protective effects of TRE against Cd-induced immunotoxicities (and general toxicities) in situ. Cadmium chloride (at 2.5 mg CdCl2/kg BW) and TRE (5, 10, or 15 mg/kg BW) were given (alone or in combination [actually, in sequence of Cd and then TRE]) to rats daily by oral gavage for 2 weeks. Results indicated that treatment with CdCl2 alone resulted in significant decreases in plasma levels of total protein, triglycerides, creatine kinase, creatinine, IgG and IgA, T-lymphocyte sub-types (CD4(+), CD3(+), CD56(+), and CD8(+)), and in thymic and hepatic indices (relative weights). In contrast, CdCl2 treatment caused significant increases in serum LDH, AST, and ALT, in the formation/release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and TNFα), and in the relative weights of host spleen and kidneys. Rats treated with TRE alone had no discernable changes compared to the controls with regard to all test parameters. Combined treatment of CdCl2 and TRE-at any dose-resulted in a significant improvement of all test parameters compared to those seen with Cd alone. These results illustrated (and provided further support for a continuing belief in) the beneficial effects of TRE in reducing the harmful outcomes of commonly encountered toxicants (like Cd) on the immune system and on overall host health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalila ben Salah-Abbès
- Unit of Immunology, Environmental Microbiology and Cancerology, University of Carthage , Tunis , Tunisia
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23
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Wang Q, Zhu J, Zhang K, Jiang C, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Bian J, Liu X, Gu J, Liu Z. Induction of cytoprotective autophagy in PC-12 cells by cadmium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 438:186-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Live-cell dynamic sensing of Cd(2+) with a FRET-based indicator. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65853. [PMID: 23776557 PMCID: PMC3679114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cd2+ causes damages to several human tissues. Although the toxicological and carcinogenetic mechanisms of Cd2+ have been previously established, some basic questions on this toxicant remain unclear. In this study, we constructed Met-cad 1.57, a new fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based Cd2+ indicator, which contains a portion of a Cd2+-binding protein (CadR) obtained from Pseudomonas putida as the Cd2+ sensing key. We produced a human embryonic kidney cell line HEK-MCD157 which stably expresses the Met-cad 1.57 for further investigations. Both fluorescence spectroscopy and FRET microscopic ratio imaging were used to monitor the Cd2+ concentration within the living HEK-MCD157 cells. The dissociation constant of Met-cad 1.57 was approximately 271 nM. The function of Ca2+ channels as a potential Cd2+ entry gateway was further confirmed in the HEK-MCD157 cells. The organelle-targeted property of the protein-based Cd2+ indicator directly reveals the nucleus accumulation phenomena. In summary, a human kidney cell line that stably expresses the FRET-based Cd2+ indicator Met-cad 1.57 was constructed for reliable and convenient investigations to determine the Cd2+ concentration within living cells, including the identification of the entry pathway of Cd2+ and sub-cellular sequestration.
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Yuan Y, Jiang CY, Xu H, Sun Y, Hu FF, Bian JC, Liu XZ, Gu JH, Liu ZP. Cadmium-induced apoptosis in primary rat cerebral cortical neurons culture is mediated by a calcium signaling pathway. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64330. [PMID: 23741317 PMCID: PMC3669330 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an extremely toxic metal, capable of severely damaging several organs, including the brain. Studies have shown that Cd disrupts intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) homeostasis, leading to apoptosis in a variety of cells including primary murine neurons. Calcium is a ubiquitous intracellular ion which acts as a signaling mediator in numerous cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival/death. However, little is known about the role of calcium signaling in Cd-induced apoptosis in neuronal cells. Thus we investigated the role of calcium signaling in Cd-induced apoptosis in primary rat cerebral cortical neurons. Consistent with known toxic properties of Cd, exposure of cerebral cortical neurons to Cd caused morphological changes indicative of apoptosis and cell death. It also induced elevation of [Ca2+]i and inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activities. This Cd-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i was suppressed by an IP3R inhibitor, 2-APB, suggesting that ER-regulated Ca2+ is involved. In addition, we observed elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, dysfunction of cytochrome oxidase subunits (COX-I/II/III), depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) during Cd exposure. Z-VAD-fmk, a pan caspase inhibitor, partially prevented Cd-induced apoptosis and cell death. Interestingly, apoptosis, cell death and these cellular events induced by Cd were blocked by BAPTA-AM, a specific intracellular Ca2+ chelator. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed an up-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulated expression of Bax. However, these were not blocked by BAPTA-AM. Thus Cd toxicity is in part due to its disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, by compromising ATPases activities and ER-regulated Ca2+, and this elevation in Ca2+ triggers the activation of the Ca2+-mitochondria apoptotic signaling pathway. This study clarifies the signaling events underlying Cd neurotoxicity, and suggests that regulation of Cd-disrupted [Ca2+]i homeostasis may be a new strategy for prevention of Cd-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chen-yang Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ya Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fei-fei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jian-chun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xue-zhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jian-hong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zong-ping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yang Zhou University, Yangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Unsal C, Kanter M, Aktas C, Erboga M. Role of quercetin in cadmium-induced oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and apoptosis in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:1106-15. [PMID: 23645211 DOI: 10.1177/0748233713486960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of quercetin (QE) in protecting the cadmium (Cd)-induced neuronal injury in frontal cortex of rats. A total of 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups of 10 animals each: control, Cd treated and Cd treated with QE. The Cd-treated group was injected subcutaneously with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) dissolved in saline at a dose of 2 ml/kg/day for 30 days, resulting in a dosage of 1 mg/kg Cd. The rats in QE-treated groups were given QE (15 mg/kg body weight) once a day intraperitoneally starting 2 days prior to Cd injection, during the study period. Rats were sacrificed at the end of the study and the frontal cortex tissues were removed for biochemical and histopathological investigation. To date, there is no available information on the effect of QE on neuronal injury after Cd exposure. Rats intoxicated with Cd for 30 days, significantly increased tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and significantly decreased enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase in the frontal cortex tissue. Administration of QE with Cd significantly diminished the levels of MDA and significantly elevated the levels of enzymatic antioxidants in the frontal cortex tissue. The histopathological studies in the brain of rats also supported that QE markedly reduced the Cd-induced histopathological changes and well preserved the normal histological architecture of the frontal cortex tissue. The caspase-3 immunopositivity was increased in degenerating neurons of the Cd group. Treatment with QE markedly reduced the immunoreactivity of degenerating neurons. In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest that QE may be beneficial in combating the Cd-induced neurotoxicity in the brain of rats. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of QE may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment for neurodegeneration after Cd exposure in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Unsal
- Department of Psychiatry, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kanter
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevat Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Yang L, Li XB, Yang Q, Zhang K, Zhang N, Guo YY, Feng B, Zhao MG, Wu YM. The neuroprotective effect of praeruptorin C against NMDA-induced apoptosis through down-regulating of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:908-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Li XB, Yang ZX, Yang L, Chen XL, Zhang K, Yang Q, Wu YM, Liu SB, Tao KS, Zhao MG. Neuroprotective effects of flax lignan against NMDA-induced neurotoxicity in vitro. CNS Neurosci Ther 2012; 18:927-33. [PMID: 22970936 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Flax Lignan (FLL), a chemical widespread within the plant and animal kingdoms, has antioxidant, antiinfectious, and antitumor activities. However, little is known about the effects of FLL on the central nervous system (CNS). METHODS The neuroprotective actions of FLL against N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) are investigated in primary cultured cortical neurons by MTT assay. The expression levels of proteins related to apoptosis and GluN2-containing receptor were detected by Western blot analysis. Intracellular Ca(2+) was measured under a confocal laser scanning microscope. RESULTS After challenged with 100 μM NMDA for 30 min, loss of cell viability and excessive apoptotic cell death were observed in cultured cortical neurons. FLL protected the neurons against the NMDA-induced cell loss in a concentration-dependent manner. FLL also significantly inhibited the neuronal apoptosis induced by NMDA exposure through reversing intracellular concentration of Ca(2+) overload and balancing of Bcl-2 and Bax expression. Furthermore, FLL significantly reversed the upregulation of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors by exposure to NMDA, but did not affect the expression of GluN2A-containing NMDA receptor. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that FLL protects cortical neurons by inhibiting the expression of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptor and regulating the Bcl-2 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Bekheet SHM. Comparative effects of repeated administration of cadmium chloride during pregnancy and lactation and selenium protection against cadmium toxicity on some organs in immature rats' offsprings. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 144:1008-23. [PMID: 21614561 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This research comprises studies on the transfer of cadmium (CdCl(2)) from the lactating dam to the pup via milk and absorbed in the suckling, showing that cadmium is transferred to the testes, ovary, cerebellum, and thyroid gland during development. The present studies were carried out in order to assess the protective effects of selenium against cadmium toxicity in pregnant rats. On the sixth day of gestation, the females were dosed subcutaneously either with cadmium or with cadmium and selenium in the following doses (mg/kg of body weight): 0, 1 Cd, 1 Cd + 1 Se, 2 Cd, 2 Cd + 2 Se. In groups treated with cadmium, no maternal or embryonic toxicities were observed; however, an increase in testes diameters of seminiferous tubules, a progressive sloughing of germ cells, vacuolization of Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells hyperplasia were noted. The reduction in the ovary size and inhibited folliculogenesis resulted in diminution of the numbers of primordial, growing, and tertiary follicles. The pathological change in the cerebellum, the migration of granular cells from the external germinal layer to the internal granular layer, was strongly retarded. Also, the formation of many microfollicles in the thyroid gland which mimic the changes was seen in thyrotoxicosis. It also appears that selenium used at a low-enough dose could be a very effective protection against cadmium-induced developmental toxicity in the testes, ovary, cerebellum, and thyroid gland but not in the higher dose in the ovary and cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad H M Bekheet
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Aswan, Egypt.
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31
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Lawal AO, Ellis EM. Nrf2-mediated adaptive response to cadmium-induced toxicity involves protein kinase C delta in human 1321N1 astrocytoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2011; 32:54-62. [PMID: 21787730 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal, and exposure to Cd causes a range of changes within the cell. At high concentrations, Cd causes damage to cells via a range of mechanisms. At low concentrations, Cd can stimulate expression of genes that are part of an adaptive response. In this study, we have used the astrocytoma cell line 1321N1 as a model to investigate the induction of protective enzymes in response to Cd. We have shown that expression of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase and haem oxygenase enzymes are induced as the protein level by -fold and -fold, and in response to 5 and 10 μM Cd. Levels of NQO1 and HO1 mRNA are also increased by -fold and -fold following 24h exposure to 5 and 10 μM cadmium. An increase in the nuclear accumulation of the transcription factor Nrf2 was also observed following Cd treatment. Through the use of the protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (VIII) acetate we have demonstrated the involvement PKC in the Nrf2-mediated response of 1321N1 cells to 5-10 μM Cd. We have also shown through the used of 10 μM rottlerin that PKCδ is the isoform responsible for mediating this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akeem O Lawal
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, United Kingdom.
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Yeh JH, Huang CC, Yeh MY, Wang JS, Lee JK, Jan CR. Cadmium-induced Cytosolic Ca2+ Elevation and Subsequent Apoptosis in Renal Tubular Cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2009; 104:345-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Neurotoxicity of cadmium on immature hippocampus and a neuroprotective role for p38MAPK. Neurotoxicology 2008; 29:727-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2007] [Revised: 04/22/2008] [Accepted: 04/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Oyama TM, Oyama TB, Oyama K, Sakanashi Y, Morimoto M, Matsui H, Oyama Y. Clotrimazole, an antifungal drug possessing diverse actions, increases membrane permeation of cadmium in rat thymocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:1505-12. [PMID: 17703912 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2007] [Revised: 06/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In previous study, clotrimazole, an antifungal drug, exerted potent cytotoxic action on rat thymocytes in presence of metal divalent cations such as Cd(2+) and Pb(2+). To reveal one of toxicological characteristics of clotrimazole, we examined the effect of clotrimazole on intracellular concentration of metal divalent cations by flow cytometer with fluo-3, a fluorescent. Simultaneous application of clotrimazole and CdCl(2) significantly decreased the cell viability although their concentrations were not cytotoxic, respectively. Clotrimazole alone increased the intensity of fluo-3 fluorescence, suggesting an increased concentration of intracellular Ca(2+). The intensity of fluo-3 fluorescence augmented by the combination of clotrimazole and CdCl(2) was much higher than that by respective agents. Removal of external Ca(2+) further increased the intensity of fluorescence augmented by the combination. Furthermore, the application of MnCl(2) did not attenuate the intensity in the presence of CdCl(2). Therefore, it is suggested that the augmentation of fluo-3 fluorescence in the simultaneous presence of clotrimazole and CdCl(2) is Cd(2+)-dependent. Clotrimazole may increase membrane permeation of Cd(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro M Oyama
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
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Abbès S, Salah-Abbès JB, Nahdi K, Ben Younes R, Hetta MM, El-Kady AA, Abdel-Wahhab MA, Oueslati R. Inactivation of cadmium induced immunotoxicological alterations in rats by Tunisian montmorillonite clay. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:750-60. [PMID: 17466909 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/23/2007] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd(2+)) is a heavy metal that is dispersed throughout the modern environment mainly as a result of pollution from a variety of sources. The aims of the current study were to investigate the efficacy of purified Tunisian montmorillonite clay (TMC) to adsorb Cd, to test the stability of the resulting complex under different conditions in vitro, and to utilize the rat bioassay as an in vivo model to evaluate the protective role of TMC against Cd-induced toxicity and immunodysfunction. In the in vitro study, three concentrations of TMC (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g/l aqueous solution) and three concentrations of CdCl(2) (25, 50 and 100 ppm) were tested. The results of the in vitro study showed that TMC had a high capacity of adsorbing Cd at different concentrations tested. The adsorption ranged from 95.7-100% of the available CdCl(2) in aqueous solutions. The complex TMC-Cd was stable at different pHs at 37 degrees C. The in vivo results indicated that treatment with CdCl(2) (2.5 mg/kg BW) for 2 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in triglycerides, total protein, creatinine, creatine kinase, immunoglobulin profile (Ig A and Ig G) and T-cell sub-types (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD56(+)). Whereas, it significantly increase serum level of AST, ALT, LDH and induced degenerative changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1). Rats treated with TMC alone (400, 600 and 800 mg/kg BW) were comparable to the control regarding all the tested parameters. The combined treatment of CdCl(2) and TMC at the lowest dose (400 mg/kg BW) showed a significant improvement of all tested parameters. It could be concluded that TMC was effective to protect against Cd hazards at a dose as low as 400 mg/kg BW. These results supported our hypothesis that TMC tightly-bind and immobilized Cd resulted in reduction of metal bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Abbès
- Laboratory of Environmental Immunology Microbiology and Cancerology, Faculty of Sciences Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Oyama TM, Oyama TB, Oyama K, Matsui H, Horimoto K, Nishimura Y, Oyama Y. Clotrimazole, an antifungal drug possessing diverse actions, increases the vulnerability to cadmium in lymphocytes dissociated from rat thymus. Toxicology 2006; 228:269-79. [PMID: 17055140 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Since clotrimazole, known as an antifungal drug, exerts diverse actions on cellular functions, it is expected that clotrimazole can be used for other purposes. This antifungal drug protects the cells overloaded with Ca(2+) by A23187, a calcium ionophore. Therefore, the agent may prevent the cells from death induced by heavy metals such as CdCl(2), PbCl(2), or HgCl(2) that are respectively proposed to increase intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. To test this possibility, we have examined the effect of clotrimazole on the cells simultaneously treated with CdCl(2), PbCl(2), or HgCl(2) using rat thymocytes and a flow cytometer with fluorescent probes. The simultaneous application of clotrimazole and CdCl(2) significantly decreased cell viability, even though the concentrations of both were ineffective at affecting the viability. The significant decrease in cell viability was not due to the inhibition of Ca(2+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels that were induced by clotrimazole. The simultaneous application increased the population of cells with phosphatidylserine exposed on membrane surface, indicating the change in asymmetrical distribution of membrane phospholipids. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity induced by the combination of clotrimazole and CdCl(2) under nominally Ca(2+)-free condition was more profound than that under normal Ca(2+) condition. Therefore, the membrane may be a target for the cytotoxic action of clotrimazole and CdCl(2) that were simultaneously applied. It is also the case for PbCl(2), but not the case for HgCl(2). It is concluded that clotrimazole can modulate the cytotoxicity of some heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro M Oyama
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
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