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De Vos K, Mavrogiannis A, Wolters JC, Schlenner S, Wierda K, Cortés Calabuig Á, Chinnaraj R, Dermesrobian V, Armoudjian Y, Jacquemyn M, Corthout N, Daelemans D, Annaert P. Tankyrase1/2 inhibitor XAV-939 reverts EMT and suggests that PARylation partially regulates aerobic activities in human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 227:116445. [PMID: 39053638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The maintenance of a highly functional metabolic epithelium in vitro is challenging. Metabolic impairments in primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) over time is primarily due to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitioning (EMT). The immature hepatoma cell line HepG2 was used as an in vitro model to explore strategies for enhancing the hepatic phenotype. The phenotypic characterization includes measuring the urea cycle, lipid storage, tricarboxylic acid-related metabolites, reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum calcium efflux, mitochondrial membrane potentials, oxygen consumptions rate, and CYP450 biotransformation capacity. Expression studies were performed with transcriptomics, co-immunoprecipitation and proteomics. CRISPR/Cas9 was also employed to genetically engineer HepG2 cells. After confirming that PHHs develop an EMT phenotype, expression of tankyrase1/2 was found to increase over time. EMT was reverted when blocking tankyrases1/2-dependent poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) activity, by biochemical and genetic perturbation. Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor XAV-939 blocks tankyrase1/2 and treatment elevated several oxygen-consuming reactions (electron-transport chain, OXHPOS, CYP450 mono-oxidase activity, phase I/II xenobiotic biotransformation, and prandial turnover), suggesting that cell metabolism was enhanced. Glutathione-dependent redox homeostasis was also significantly improved in the XAV-939 condition. Oxygen consumption rate and proteomics experiments in tankyrase1/2 double knockout HepG2 cells then uncovered PARylation as master regulator of aerobic-dependent cell respiration. Furthermore, novel tankyrase1/2-dependent PARylation targets, including mitochondrial DLST, and OGDH, were revealed. This work exposed a new mechanistic framework by linking PARylation to respiration and metabolism, thereby broadening the current understanding that underlies these vital processes. XAV-939 poses an immediate and straightforward strategy to improve aerobic activities, and metabolism, in (immature) cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof De Vos
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adamantios Mavrogiannis
- Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Justina Clarinda Wolters
- Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Schlenner
- Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Keimpe Wierda
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Electrophysiology Unit, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Reena Chinnaraj
- KU Leuven Flow and Mass Cytometry Facility, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vera Dermesrobian
- KU Leuven Flow and Mass Cytometry Facility, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Maarten Jacquemyn
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nikky Corthout
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB Bio Imaging Core, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Annaert
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; BioNotus GCV, 2845 Niel, Belgium.
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Pitaro M, Croce N, Gallo V, Arienzo A, Salvatore G, Antonini G. Coumarin-Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Narrative Review. Molecules 2022; 27:9063. [PMID: 36558195 PMCID: PMC9783661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarin is an effective treatment for primary lymphoedema, as well as lymphoedema related to breast cancer radiotherapy or surgery. However, its clinical use is limited in several countries due to the possible occurrence of hepatotoxicity, mainly in the form of mild to moderate transaminase elevation. It is worth noting that only a few cases of severe hepatotoxicity have been described in the literature, with no reported cases of liver failure. Data available on coumarin absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion have been reviewed, focusing on hepatotoxicity studies carried out in vitro and in vivo. Finally, safety and tolerability data from clinical trials have been thoroughly discussed. Based on these data, coumarin-induced hepatotoxicity is restricted to a small subset of patients, probably due to the activation in these individuals of alternative metabolic pathways involving specific CYP450s isoforms. The aim of this work is to stimulate research to clearly identify patients at risk of developing hepatotoxicity following coumarin treatment. Early identification of this subset of patients could open the possibility of more safely exploiting the therapeutical properties of coumarin, allowing patients suffering from lymphoedema to benefit from the anti-oedematous activity of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Pitaro
- INBB—Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Croce
- INBB—Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Valentina Gallo
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Alyexandra Arienzo
- INBB—Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Giulia Salvatore
- INBB—Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Giovanni Antonini
- INBB—Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, RM, Italy
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, RM, Italy
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Clifford MN, King LJ, Kerimi A, Pereira-Caro MG, Williamson G. Metabolism of phenolics in coffee and plant-based foods by canonical pathways: an assessment of the role of fatty acid β-oxidation to generate biologically-active and -inactive intermediates. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3326-3383. [PMID: 36226718 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2131730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ω-Phenyl-alkenoic acids are abundant in coffee, fruits, and vegetables. Along with ω-phenyl-alkanoic acids, they are produced from numerous dietary (poly)phenols and aromatic amino acids in vivo. This review addresses how phenyl-ring substitution and flux modulates their gut microbiota and endogenous β-oxidation. 3',5'-Dihydroxy-derivatives (from alkyl-resorcinols, flavanols, proanthocyanidins), and 4'-hydroxy-phenolic acids (from tyrosine, p-coumaric acid, naringenin) are β-oxidation substrates yielding benzoic acids. In contrast, 3',4',5'-tri-substituted-derivatives, 3',4'-dihydroxy-derivatives and 3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-derivatives (from coffee, tea, cereals, many fruits and vegetables) are poor β-oxidation substrates with metabolism diverted via gut microbiota dehydroxylation, phenylvalerolactone formation and phase-2 conjugation, possibly a strategy to conserve limited pools of coenzyme A. 4'-Methoxy-derivatives (citrus fruits) or 3',4'-dimethoxy-derivatives (coffee) are susceptible to hepatic "reverse" hydrogenation suggesting incompatibility with enoyl-CoA-hydratase. Gut microbiota-produced 3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-derivatives (citrus fruits) and 3'-hydroxy-derivatives (numerous (poly)phenols) are excreted as the phenyl-hydracrylic acid β-oxidation intermediate suggesting incompatibility with hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, albeit with considerable inter-individual variation. Further investigation is required to explain inter-individual variation, factors determining the amino acid to which C6-C3 and C6-C1 metabolites are conjugated, the precise role(s) of l-carnitine, whether glycine might be limiting, and whether phenolic acid-modulation of β-oxidation explains how phenolic acids affect key metabolic conditions, such as fatty liver, carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Laurence J King
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Asimina Kerimi
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Maria Gema Pereira-Caro
- Department of Food Science and Health, Instituto Andaluz de Investigacion y Formacion Agraria Pesquera Alimentaria y de la Produccion Ecologica, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Nishijima H, Zunitch MJ, Yoshida M, Kondo K, Yamasoba T, Schwob JE, Holbrook EH. Rapid fluorescent vital imaging of olfactory epithelium. iScience 2022; 25:104222. [PMID: 35494237 PMCID: PMC9046240 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory epithelium (OE) undergoes degeneration in disorders such as age-related and post-viral olfactory dysfunction. However, methods for real-time in vivo detection of OE and assessment of total extent within the nasal cavity are currently unavailable. We identified two fluorescence probes for rapidly detecting and evaluating the entire extent of mice OE with topical application. Taking advantage of the differential expression of the enzymes cytochrome p450 (CYP) and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in OE relative to respiratory epithelium, we utilized the conversion of coumarin (a substrate of various CYP subtypes) and gGlu-HRMG (a substrate of GGT) by these enzymes to form metabolites with fluorescent emissions in the duct cells and sustentacular cells of neuron-containing OE. In depleted and regenerated OE model, the emission of these probes remained absent in respiratory metaplasia but appeared in regenerated OE. These substrates could be used to monitor OE degeneration and follow regenerative response to therapeutic interventions. Enzymes Cyp2a5 and Ggt7 are expressed in olfactory epithelial cells Substrates for Cyp2a5 and Ggt7 can label olfactory epithelium (OE) in situ Lesion recovered, not damaged OE, is labeled with Cyp2a5 and Ggt7 substrates
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Nishijima
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Matthew J Zunitch
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Masafumi Yoshida
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kenji Kondo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - James E Schwob
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Eric H Holbrook
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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5
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Sinha S, Singh K, Ved A, Hasan SM, Mujeeb S. Therapeutic Journey and Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Coumarin Derivatives. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1314-1330. [PMID: 34784861 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666211116120823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coumarin is an oxygen-containing compound in medicinal chemistry. Coumarin plays an important role in both natural systems like plants and also in synthetic medicinal applications as drug molecules. Many structurally different coumarin compounds were found to show a big range of similarity with the vital molecular targets for their pharmacological action and small modifications in their structures resulted insignificant changes in their biological activities. OBJECTIVE This review gives detailed information about the studies of the recent advances in various pharmacological aspects of coumarins. METHOD Various oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds represented remarkable biological significances. The fused aromatic oxygen-heterocyclic nucleus is able to change its electron density; thus changing the chemical, physical and biological properties respectively due to its multiple binding modes with the receptors, which play crucial role in pharmacological screening of drugs. A number of heterocyclic compounds have been synthesized which have their nucleus derived from various plants and animals. In coumarins, benzene ring is fused with pyrone nucleus which provides stability to the nucleus. Coumarins have shown a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-tumour, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antiviral, anti-malarial, anti-HIV and antimicrobial activity etc. Results: Reactive oxygen species like superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide are a type of unstable molecule that contains oxygen, which reacts with other molecules in the cell during the metabolism process but it may produce cytotoxicity when reactive oxygen species increase in number, by the damage of biological macromolecules. Hydroxyl radical (˙OH), is a strong oxidizing agent and it is responsible for the cytotoxicity by oxygen in different plants, animals and other microbes. coumarin is the oldest and effective compound having antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidepressant activity, analgesic, anticonvulsant activity, etc. Naturally existing coumarin compounds act against SARS-CoV-2 by preventing viral replication through the targeting on active site against the Mpro target protein. CONCLUSION This review highlights the different biological activities of coumarin derivatives. In this review we provide an updated summary of the researches which are related to recent advances in biological activities of coumarins analogue and their most recent activities against COVID -19. Natural compounds act as a rich resource for novel drug development against various SARS-CoV-2 viral strains including viruses like herpes simplex virus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, middle east respiratory syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi road, Lucknow-226026 (U.P.). India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi road, Lucknow-226026 (U.P.). India
| | - Akash Ved
- Goel Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lucknow -226028 (U.P.). India
| | - Syed Misbahul Hasan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi road, Lucknow-226026 (U.P.). India
| | - Samar Mujeeb
- Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow. India
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6
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A hypothetical skin sensitisation next generation risk assessment for coumarin in cosmetic products. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 127:105075. [PMID: 34728330 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Next generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) is an exposure-led, hypothesis-driven approach which integrates new approach methodologies (NAMs) to assure safety without generating animal data. This hypothetical skin allergy risk assessment of two consumer products - face cream containing 0.1% coumarin and deodorant containing 1% coumarin - demonstrates the application of our skin allergy NGRA framework which incorporates our Skin Allergy Risk Assessment (SARA) Model. SARA uses Bayesian statistics to provide a human relevant point of departure and risk metric for a given chemical exposure based upon input data that can include both NAMs and historical in vivo studies. Regardless of whether NAM or in vivo inputs were used, the model predicted that the face cream and deodorant exposures were low and high risk respectively. Using only NAM data resulted in a minor underestimation of risk relative to in vivo. Coumarin is a predicted pro-hapten and consequently, when applying this mechanistic understanding to the selection of NAMs the discordance in relative risk could be minimized. This case study demonstrates how integrating a computational model and generating bespoke NAM data in a weight of evidence framework can build confidence in safety decision making.
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Paudel S, Kim Y, Choi SM, Kim JH, Bae JS, Lee T, Lee S. Identification of suberosin metabolites in human liver microsomes by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with high-resolution quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometer. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4623. [PMID: 32734675 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Suberosin is a natural prenylated coumarin derivative isolated from Citropsis articulata. It has various pharmacological properties, especially as an anticoagulant, for which it has been used since antiquity. However, its metabolic pathway and metabolites have not yet been studied. Therefore, this study characterizes its metabolic pathway and metabolites in human liver microsomes (HLMs) using high-resolution quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (HRMS/MS). Eight metabolites (M1-M8) were found, including three monohydroxylated (M1-M3), one hydrated (M4), three dihydroxylated (M5-M7), and one glucuronide conjugate (M8). Furthermore, forms of cytochrome P450 (CYPs) responsible for suberosin metabolism in HLMs were characterized. CYP1A2 was identified as a major enzyme for the production of M1 and M5 metabolites. The M2, M3, and M7 metabolites were predominantly generated by CYP2B6. M8 was the only phase II metabolite, identified as a glucuronide conjugate from either M1 or M2. This glucuronide conjugate may be the only promising metabolite from phase II metabolism. Phase I metabolism, especially hydroxylation, was found to provide a predominant metabolic pathway of suberosin in HLMs. Further studies should be conducted to explore the metabolites, examining their efficacy and their toxicity in an in vivo system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjita Paudel
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Younah Kim
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Min Choi
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
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Álvarez JM, Jorge ZD, Massanet GM. Study of the Oxidative Cleavage Proposed in the Biogenesis of Transtaganolides/Basiliolides: Pyran-2-one Aromaticity-Mediated Regioselective Control and Biogenetic Implications. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José María Álvarez
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Cádiz; 11510 Puerto Real Spain
| | - Zacarías D. Jorge
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Cádiz; 11510 Puerto Real Spain
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Coumarins and P450s, Studies Reported to-Date. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081620. [PMID: 31022888 PMCID: PMC6515222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are important phase I enzymes involved in the metabolism of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds mainly through mono-oxygenation reactions into more polar and easier to excrete species. In addition to their role in detoxification, they play important roles in the biosynthesis of endogenous compounds and the bioactivation of xenobiotics. Coumarins, phytochemicals abundant in food and commonly used in fragrances and cosmetics, have been shown to interact with P450 enzymes as substrates and/or inhibitors. In this review, these interactions and their significance in pharmacology and toxicology are discussed in detail.
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10
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Structure-Based Drug Design for Cytochrome P450 Family 1 Inhibitors. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2018; 2018:3924608. [PMID: 30147715 PMCID: PMC6083639 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3924608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 are a class of metalloproteins which are responsible for electron transfer in a wide spectrum of reactions including metabolic biotransformation of endogenous and exogenous substrates. The superfamily of cytochromes P450 consists of families and subfamilies which are characterized by a specific structure and substrate specificity. Cytochromes P450 family 1 (CYP1s) play a distinctive role in the metabolism of drugs and chemical procarcinogens. In recent decades, these hemoproteins have been intensively studied with the use of computational methods which have been recently developed remarkably to be used in the process of drug design by the virtual screening of compounds in order to find agents with desired properties. Moreover, the molecular modeling of proteins and ligand docking to their active sites provide an insight into the mechanism of enzyme action and enable us to predict the sites of drug metabolism. The review presents the current status of knowledge about the use of the computational approach in studies of ligand-enzyme interactions for CYP1s. Research on the metabolism of substrates and inhibitors of CYP1s and on the selectivity of their action is particularly valuable from the viewpoint of cancer chemoprevention, chemotherapy, and drug-drug interactions.
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11
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Liao M, Diao X, Cheng X, Sun Y, Zhang L. Nontargeted SWATH acquisition mode for metabolites identification of osthole in rats using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RSC Adv 2018; 8:14925-14935. [PMID: 35541352 PMCID: PMC9079938 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01221k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osthole (OST), 7-methoxy-8-isopentenoxycoumarin, is the characteristic constituent found in Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss. and possesses excellent pharmacological activities, including anticancer, anti-apoptosis and neuroprotection. In this study, a rapid and reliable method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and MetabolitePilot2.0™ software with principal component variable grouping (PCVG) filtering was developed to observe probable metabolites of OST firstly. The high resolution mass data were acquired by data-independent acquisition mode (DIA), i.e., sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragmentation spectra (SWATH), which could significantly improved the hit rate of low-level and trace metabolites. A novel data processing method 'key product ions (KPIs)' were employed for metabolites rapid hunting and identification as an assistant tool. A total of 72 metabolites of OST were detected in vitro and in vivo, including 39 metabolites in rat liver microsomes (RLMs), 20 metabolites in plasma, 32 metabolites in bile, 32 metabolites in urine and 37 metabolites in feces. The results showed that mono-oxidation, demethylation, dehydrogenation, sulfate conjugation and glucuronide conjugation were major metabolic reactions of OST. More significant, oxydrolysis, 3,4-epoxide-aldehylation, phosphorylation, S-cysteine conjugation and N-acetylcysteine conjugation were considered as unique metabolic pathways of OST, and phosphorylation, S-cysteine conjugation and N-acetylcysteine conjugation reactions were characterized in rat biological samples for the first time. Preparation of active metabolites will be greatly helpful in elucidating the potential biological mechanism of OST, and the proposed metabolic pathways of it might provide further understanding of the safety and efficacy of simple coumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University 361 East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang Hebei 050017 P. R. China +86-311-86266419 +86-311-86266419
| | - Xinpeng Diao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University 361 East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang Hebei 050017 P. R. China +86-311-86266419 +86-311-86266419
| | - Xiaoye Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University 361 East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang Hebei 050017 P. R. China +86-311-86266419 +86-311-86266419
| | - Yupeng Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University 361 East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang Hebei 050017 P. R. China +86-311-86266419 +86-311-86266419
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University 361 East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang Hebei 050017 P. R. China +86-311-86266419 +86-311-86266419
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12
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Zhao Q, Li XM, Liu HN, Gonzalez FJ, Li F. Metabolic map of osthole and its effect on lipids. Xenobiotica 2018; 48:285-299. [PMID: 28287022 PMCID: PMC6594145 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1306660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
1. Osthole, a coumarin compound from plants, is a promising agent for the treatment of metabolic diseases, including hyperglycemia, fatty liver, and cancers. Studies indicate that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) α and γ are involved in the pharmacological effects of osthole. The in vitro and in vivo metabolism of osthole and its biological activity are not completely understood. 2. In this study, ultra-performance chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOFMS)-based metabolomics was used to determine the metabolic pathway of osthole and its influence on the levels of endogenous metabolites. Forty-one osthole metabolites, including 23 novel metabolites, were identified and structurally elucidated from its metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant cytochrome P450s (CYPs) screening showed that CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 were the primary enzymes contributing to osthole metabolism. 3. More importantly, osthole was able to decrease the levels of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in the plasma, which explains in part its modulatory effects on metabolic diseases. 4. This study gives the insights about the metabolic pathways of osthole in vivo, including hydroxylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation. Furthermore, the levels of the lipids regulated by osthole indicated its potential effects on adipogenesis. These data contribute to the understanding of the disposition and pharmacological activity of osthole in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Ning Liu
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, China
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Leonart LP, Gasparetto JC, Pontes FLD, Cerqueira LB, de Francisco TMG, Pontarolo R. New Metabolites of Coumarin Detected in Human Urine Using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2017; 22:E2031. [PMID: 29165357 PMCID: PMC6150206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22112031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarin (1,2-benzopyrone) is a natural compound whose metabolism in humans was established in the 1970s. However, a new metabolite was recently identified in human plasma, indicating that the metabolism of coumarin has not been completely elucidated. To complement the knowledge of its metabolism, a rapid and sensitive method using UPLC-QTOF-MS was developed. A total of 12 metabolites was identified using MetaboLynxTM software, including eight metabolites not previously reported in human urine. The identified biotransformation included hydroxylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, methylation, and conjugation with N-acetylcysteine. The present work demonstrates that the metabolism study of coumarin was incomplete, possibly due to limitations of old techniques. The identification of eight inedited metabolites of such a simple molecule suggests that the information regarding the metabolism of other drugs may also be incomplete, and therefore, new investigations are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Paula Leonart
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Street Pref. Lothário Meissner, 632, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - João Cleverson Gasparetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Street Pref. Lothário Meissner, 632, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Lada Degaut Pontes
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Street Pref. Lothário Meissner, 632, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Bonancio Cerqueira
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Street Pref. Lothário Meissner, 632, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Street Pref. Lothário Meissner, 632, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Hu M, Piller NB. Strategies for Avoiding Benzopyrone Hepatotoxicity in Lymphedema Management-The Role of Pharmacogenetics, Metabolic Enzyme Gene Identification, and Patient Selection. Lymphat Res Biol 2017; 15:317-323. [PMID: 29087786 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2017.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Benzopyrones are plant-derived chemicals which have an evidenced degree of clinical efficacy in lymphedema management indicated in past trials. Unfortunately, in some of these cases idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity have been documented in a minority of patients. This review aims to tackle the problem of benzopyrone (particularly coumarin) toxicity by considering their metabolic pathways and identifying relevant alleles needed to take a targeted pharmacogenetic approach in its future use. METHODS AND RESULTS The nontoxic 7-hydroxylation and the toxic heterocyclic "ring-splitting" epoxidation pathways are the two main detoxification pathways in the hepatometabolism of coumarin, the former catalyzed by CYP2A6 and the latter by possibly CYP1A and CYP2E. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) clears toxic aldehyde intermediates. CYP2A6 polymorphism screening methods, including genotyping, by real-time polymerase chain reaction and chromatography-mass spectroscopy functional metabolite assays; efficiency of these techniques are continually improving. ALDH polymorphisms have also been implicated, with clinically viable screening tests, rapid genotyping, and sensitive questionnaires already available for ALDH2*1/ALDH2*2. Dysfunctional polymorphisms of the above genes and others are significantly more prevalent in Eastern Asian populations, uncommon in Caucasian populations. The role of other enzymes/genes in the pathway is yet to be clarified. CONCLUSION Although screening techniques are becoming increasingly clinically feasible, uncertainty remains on the link between the genotype, metabolic phenotype, and the exact gene products involved. These must be elucidated further before a targeted pharmacogenomic approach is fully viable. In the meantime, treatment should be avoided in those with vulnerable familial and ethnic descents if used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Hu
- 1 School of Medicine, Flinders University , South Australia, Australia
| | - Neil B Piller
- 2 Lymphoedema Clinical Research Unit , Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, South Australia, Australia
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15
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Pharmacokinetic and Metabolic Characteristics of Herb-Derived Khellactone Derivatives, A Class of Anti-HIV and Anti-Hypertensive: A Review. Molecules 2016; 21:314. [PMID: 27005602 PMCID: PMC6273974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A vast number of structural modifications have been performed for khellactone derivatives (KDs) that have been widely concerned owing to their diverse biological properties, including anti-hypertension, anti-HIV, reversing P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated multidrug resistance, and anti-inflammation effects, to find the most active entity. However, extensive metabolism of KDs results in poor oral bioavailability, thus hindering the clinical trial performance of those components. The primary metabolic pathways have been revealed as hydrolysis, oxidation, acyl migration, and glucuronidation, while carboxylesterases and cytochrome P450 3A (CPY3A), as well as UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) primarily mediate these metabolic pathways. Attention was mainly paid to the pharmacological features, therapeutic mechanisms and structure-activity relationships of KDs in previous reviews, whereas their pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics have seldom been discussed. In the present review, KDs' metabolism and their pharmacokinetic properties are summarized. In addition, the structure-metabolism relationships of KDs and the potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) induced by KDs were also extensively discussed. The polarity, the acyl groups substituted at C-3' and C-4' positions, the configuration of C-3' and C-4', and the moieties substituted at C-3 and C-4 positions play the determinant roles for the metabolic profiles of KDs. Contributions from CYP3A4, UGT1A1, P-gp, and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 have been disclosed to be primary for the potential DDIs. The review is expected to provide meaningful information and helpful guidelines for the further development of KDs.
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Gilbert JD, Musgrave IF, Hoban C, Byard RW. Lethal hepatocellular necrosis associated with herbal polypharmacy in a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 241:138-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Shen Y, Liu X, Yang Y, Li J, Ma N, Li B. In vivoandin vitrometabolism of aspirin eugenol ester in dog by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 29:129-37. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youming Shen
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS; Lanzhou 730050 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwang Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS; Lanzhou 730050 People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS; Lanzhou 730050 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS; Lanzhou 730050 People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Ma
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS; Lanzhou 730050 People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS; Lanzhou 730050 People's Republic of China
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18
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Cao Z, Yu Y, Wu Y, Hao P, Di Z, He Y, Chen Z, Yang W, Shen Z, He X, Sheng J, Xu X, Pan B, Feng J, Yang X, Hong W, Zhao W, Li Z, Huang K, Li T, Kong Y, Liu H, Jiang D, Zhang B, Hu J, Hu Y, Wang B, Dai J, Yuan B, Feng Y, Huang W, Xing X, Zhao G, Li X, Li Y, Li W. The genome of Mesobuthus martensii reveals a unique adaptation model of arthropods. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2602. [PMID: 24129506 PMCID: PMC3826648 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Representing a basal branch of arachnids, scorpions are known as ‘living
fossils’ that maintain an ancient anatomy and are adapted to have survived
extreme climate changes. Here we report the genome sequence of Mesobuthus
martensii, containing 32,016 protein-coding genes, the most among sequenced
arthropods. Although M. martensii appears to evolve conservatively, it has a
greater gene family turnover than the insects that have undergone diverse morphological
and physiological changes, suggesting the decoupling of the molecular and morphological
evolution in scorpions. Underlying the long-term adaptation of scorpions is the
expansion of the gene families enriched in basic metabolic pathways, signalling
pathways, neurotoxins and cytochrome P450, and the different dynamics of expansion
between the shared and the scorpion lineage-specific gene families. Genomic and
transcriptomic analyses further illustrate the important genetic features associated
with prey, nocturnal behaviour, feeding and detoxification. The M. martensii
genome reveals a unique adaptation model of arthropods, offering new insights into the
genetic bases of the living fossils. Scorpions have maintained the primary anatomical features of their
Paleozoic arthropod ancestors. Here, the authors report the genome sequence of
Mesobuthus martensii and highlight evidence of genetic and morphological
evolution that represents a unique adaptation model of arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Biological activities and pharmacokinetics of praeruptorins from Peucedanum species: a systematic review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:343808. [PMID: 24371820 PMCID: PMC3858972 DOI: 10.1155/2013/343808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Praeruptorins belonging to the angular-type pyranocoumarins are bioactive constituents that have been isolated from some Peucedanum species such as P. praeruptorum, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of cold, cough, upper respiratory infections, and so forth. Many reports have demonstrated that the beneficial pharmacological effects of P. praeruptorum root on cardiovascular, pulmonary, immune, and nervous system diseases were attributed to the presence of praeruptorins. The aim of this review is to explain the recent efforts of scientists in pharmacological screening of natural and synthetic praeruptorin derivatives, studying the mechanisms of some praeruptorins action, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and relevant structure-activity relationships. Based on reported data about the pharmacological properties of praeruptorins and semisynthetic derivatives of them, it is hopeful that in the near future more studies focus on the discovery of the new application and therapeutic uses of these bioactive compounds and understanding the specific mechanisms of them. The present discusses the reports on molecular and biological activities of praeruptorins of the genus Peucedanum, from 1976 onwards.
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20
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Hsu PC, Zhou B, Zhao Y, Ressom H, Cheema AK, Pickworth W, Shields PG. Feasibility of identifying the tobacco-related global metabolome in blood by UPLC-QTOF-MS. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:679-91. [PMID: 23240883 PMCID: PMC3579455 DOI: 10.1021/pr3007705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is likely an ideal tool to assess tobacco smoke exposure and the impact of cigarette smoke on human exposure and health. To assess reproducibility and feasibility of this by UPLC-QTOF-MS, three experiments were designed for the assessment of smokers' blood. Experiment I was an analysis of 8 smokers with 8 replicates. Experiment II was an analysis of 62 pooled quality control (QC) samples from 7 nonsmokers' plasma placed as every tenth sample among a study of 613 samples from 160 smokers. Finally, to examine the feasibility of metabolomic study in assessing smoke exposure, Experiment III consisted of 9 smokers and 10 nonsmokers' serum to evaluate differences in their global metabolome. There was minimal measurement and sample preparation variation in all experiments, although some caution is needed when analyzing specific parts of the chromatogram. When assessing QC samples in the large scale study, QC clustering indicated high stability, reproducibility, and consistency. Finally, in addition to the identification of nicotine metabolites as expected, there was a characteristic profile distinguishing smokers from nonsmokers. Metabolites selected from putative identifications were verified by MS/MS, showing the potential to identify metabolic phenotypes and new metabolites relating to cigarette smoke exposure and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ching Hsu
- The Ohio State
University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio,
United States
| | - Bin Zhou
- Lombardi Comprehensive
Cancer
Center, Georgetown University, Washington,
D.C., United States
| | - Yi Zhao
- Lombardi Comprehensive
Cancer
Center, Georgetown University, Washington,
D.C., United States
| | - Habtom
W. Ressom
- Lombardi Comprehensive
Cancer
Center, Georgetown University, Washington,
D.C., United States
| | - Amrita K. Cheema
- Lombardi Comprehensive
Cancer
Center, Georgetown University, Washington,
D.C., United States
| | - Wallace Pickworth
- Battelle Centers
for Public Health Research & Evaluation, Baltimore,
Maryland, United States
| | - Peter G. Shields
- The Ohio State
University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio,
United States
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21
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Li J, Chan W. Investigation of the biotransformation of osthole by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 74:156-61. [PMID: 23245246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osthole is an active ingredient and one of the major coumarin compounds that were identified in the genus Cnidium moonnieri (L.) Cussion, the fruit of which was used as traditional Chinese medicine to treat male impotence, ringworm infection and blood stasis conventionally. Recent studies revealed that osthole has diverse pharmacological effects, such as improving male sexual dysfunction, anti-diabetes, and anti-hypertentions. The inhibition of thrombosis and platelet aggregation and protection of central nerve were also observed. On the other hand, the metabolism of osthole has not yet been investigated thoroughly. Herein the biotransformation of osthole in rat was investigated after oral administration of osthole by using efficient and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS). Eighteen osthole metabolites and the parent drug were detected and identified in rat urine. Fourteen metabolites of osthole were identified and characterized for the first time. Structures of metabolites of osthole were elucidated by comparing fragment pattern under MS/MS scan and change of molecular weight with those of osthole. The main phase I metabolic pathways were summed as 7-demethylation, 8-dehydrogenation, hydroxylation on coumarin and 3,4-epoxide. Sulfate conjugates were detected as phase II metabolites of osthole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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22
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Nofsinger R, Fuchs-Knotts T, Borchardt RT. Factors that Restrict the Cell Permeation of Cyclic Prodrugs of an Opioid Peptide, Part 3: Synthesis of Analogs Designed to have Improved Stability to Oxidative Metabolism. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:3486-99. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Design, synthesis and evaluation of the inhibitory selectivity of novel trans-resveratrol analogues on human recombinant CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:5117-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Pretheeban M, Hammond G, Bandiera S, Riggs W, Rurak D. Ontogenesis of phase I hepatic drug metabolic enzymes in sheep. Reprod Fertil Dev 2012; 24:425-37. [DOI: 10.1071/rd11159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are important for the metabolism of many drugs. While there is information on their identity and ontogeny in humans and rodents, similar data in sheep are lacking. In the present study, cDNA sequences of several CYP enzymes (CYP2A6, CYP2C19, CYP2D6) were cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. In adult, newborn and fetal sheep the mRNA and protein levels of these CYPs and the regulatory factor, hepatic nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) were determined in liver samples using real-time PCR and western blotting. The effect of antenatal glucocorticoid on these enzymes was also studied by i.v. infusion of cortisol (0.45 mg h–1; 80 h) to another group of fetuses. The mRNA and protein levels of the CYPs and HNF4α were low or absent in the fetus, followed by increasing levels in the newborn and adult. Fetal cortisol administration significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of CYP2D6. Moreover, the correlation observed between the CYP and HNF4α mRNA levels suggests a possible regulatory role for this transcription factor. The findings suggest that fetal and newborn lambs have a low ability to metabolise drugs that are substrates of these enzymes, and that this ability increases with advancing postnatal age, similar to the situation in humans.
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25
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Ruan H, Zhang Z, Liang XF, Fu Y, Su MQ, Liu QL, Wang XM, Zhu X. Metabolism of dl-praeruptorin a in rat liver microsomes using HPLC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:1311-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gao S, Hu M. Bioavailability challenges associated with development of anti-cancer phenolics. Mini Rev Med Chem 2010; 10:550-67. [PMID: 20370701 DOI: 10.2174/138955710791384081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phenolics including many polyphenols and flavonoids have the potentials to become chemoprevention and chemotherapy agents. However, poor bioavailability limits their biological effects in vivo. This paper reviews the factors that affect phenolics absorption and their bioavailabilities from the points of view of their physicochemical properties and disposition in the gastrointestinal tract. The up-to-date research data suggested that solubility and metabolism are the primary reasons that limit phenolic aglycones' bioavailability although stability and poor permeation may also contribute to the poor bioavailabilities of the glycosides. Future investigations should further optimize phenolics' bioavailabilities and realize their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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27
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Horst K, Rychlik M. Quantification of 1,8-cineole and of its metabolites in humans using stable isotope dilution assays. Mol Nutr Food Res 2010; 54:1515-29. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200900528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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CoMFA and molecular docking studies of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles as CYP450 1A1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:967-72. [PMID: 19969397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Park SH, Kim DH, Kim D, Kim DH, Jung HC, Pan JG, Ahn T, Kim D, Yun CH. Engineering Bacterial Cytochrome P450 (P450) BM3 into a Prototype with Human P450 Enzyme Activity Using Indigo Formation. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 38:732-9. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.030759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The presence of coumarins in human diet, their multiple pharma***ćological properties and occurrence in various herbal remedies represent significant reasons to explore their membrane permeability, as a first event contributing to coumarins oral bioavailability. Thus, we evaluated the permeability and cytotoxicity of 18 coumarins, with different substitution patterns involving OH, OCH3 and CH3 groups.
Methods
A modified Caco-2 permeability model was used, in which the permeability test is performed with a robotic workstation and cells are grown on 96-well plates for 7 days.
Key findings
All studied coumarins were highly permeable, with calculated Papp values that varied within 4.1 times 10−5 to 2.1 times 10−4 in apical to basolateral studies and within 1.8 times 10−5 to 7.0 times 10−5 in basolateral to apical studies. The efflux ratio remained in all cases below 1. It was demonstrated that the type and position of substituents contributed more to the permeability than the number of substituents.
Conclusions
The results allowed us to predict that these coumarins are well absorbed in the gut lumen and efflux is not limiting the absorption. Five coumarins had an influence on the mitochondrial function of Caco-2 cells (1 < 80%, 4 > 120%), according to the WST-1 cytotoxicity test, but this does not seem to affect the permeability of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Galkin
- Drug Discovery and Development Technology Center (DDTC) and Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, BioCity, Turku, Finland
| | - Adyary Fallarero
- Division of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Turku, Finland
| | - Pia M Vuorela
- Division of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Turku, Finland
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A toxicogenomics-based parallelogram approach to evaluate the relevance of coumarin-induced responses in primary human hepatocytes in vitro for humans in vivo. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 23:1163-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ćavar S, Kovač F. The oxyfunctionalization of 4-methylcoumarins using dimethyldioxirane. INT J CHEM KINET 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lewis D, Ito Y, Lake B. Molecular Modelling of CYP2F Substrates: Comparison of Naphthalene Metabolism by Human, Rat and Mouse CYP2F Subfamily Enzymes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 24:229-57. [DOI: 10.1515/dmdi.2009.24.2-4.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Coumarin in flavourings and other food ingredients with flavouring properties ‐ Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC). EFSA J 2008. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2008.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Sridar C, Kent UM, Noon K, McCall A, Alworth B, Foroozesh M, Hollenberg PF. Differential inhibition of cytochromes P450 3A4 and 3A5 by the newly synthesized coumarin derivatives 7-coumarin propargyl ether and 7-(4-trifluoromethyl)coumarin propargyl ether. Drug Metab Dispos 2008; 36:2234-43. [PMID: 18653744 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.108.021493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The abilities of 7-coumarin propargyl ether (CPE) and 7-(4-trifluoromethyl)coumarin propargyl ether (TFCPE) to act as mechanism-based inactivators of P450 3A4 and 3A5 in the reconstituted system have been investigated using 7-benzyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin (BFC) and testosterone as probes. CPE inhibited the BFC O-debenzylation activity of P450 3A4 in a time-, concentration-, and NADPH-dependent manner characteristic of a mechanism-based inactivator with a half-maximal inactivation (K(I)) of 112 microM, a maximal rate of inactivation (k(inact)) of 0.05 min(-1), and a t(1/2) of 13.9 min. Similarly, TFCPE inhibited the BFC O-debenzylation activity of P450 3A4 in a time-, concentration-, and NADPH-dependent manner with a K(I) of 14 microM, a k(inact) of 0.04 min(-1), and a t(1/2) of 16.5 min. Parallel losses of P450 3A4 enzymatic activity and heme were observed with both compounds as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and reduced CO spectra. Interestingly, neither compound inhibited the BFC O-debenzylation activity of P450 3A5. Reactive intermediates of CPE and TFCPE formed by P450 3A4 were trapped with glutathione, and the resulting adducts were identified using tandem mass spectral analysis. Metabolism studies using TFCPE resulted in the identification of a single metabolite that is formed by P450 3A4 but not by P450 3A5 and that may play a role in the mechanism-based inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Sridar
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5632, USA
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Comparative homology modeling of human cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and confirmation of residues involved in 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation by site-directed mutagenesis and enzyme kinetic analysis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2007; 468:58-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2007.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Revised: 09/07/2007] [Accepted: 09/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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