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Siddique AR, Bhagwat GS. Erythrocytes Nanoparticle Delivery: A Boon for Targeting Tumor. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:132-146. [PMID: 38585450 PMCID: PMC10997934 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Although nanoparticles (NPs) have many advantages as drug delivery systems, their poor stability in circulation, premature drug release, and nonspecific uptake in non-target organs have prompted biomimetic approaches to camouflage nano vehicles using natural cell membranes. Among them, which are extensively studied in erythrocytes, are the most abundant circulating blood cells. They are specially used for biomimetic coating on artificial NPs due to their excellent properties of good biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-immunogenicity, and long-term blood circulation. Erythrocyte-mimicking nanoparticles (EM-NPs) are prepared by combining nanoparticle cores with naturally derived erythrocyte (red blood cell or RBC) membranes. Compared with conventional nanosystems, EM-NPs hold the preferable characteristics of prolonged blood circulation time and immune evasion. In this review, the biomimetic platform of erythrocyte membrane-coated NPs is described in various aspects, with particular focus placed on the coating mechanism, preparation methods, characterization method, and recent advances in the biomedical applications of EM-NPs concerning cancer and targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geeta Sameer Bhagwat
- Pharmaceutics Department, DY Patil University School of Pharmacy, Sector-7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400706, India
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Zheng BD, Xiao MT. Red blood cell membrane nanoparticles for tumor phototherapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112895. [PMID: 36242941 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive phototherapy includes photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), and has garnered special interest in anti-tumor therapy. However, traditional photosensitizers or photothermal agents are faced with major challenges, including easy recognition by immune system, rapid clearance from blood circulation, and low accumulation in target sites. Combining the characteristics of natural cell membrane with the characteristics of photosensitizer or photothermal agent is an important technology to achieve the ideal therapeutic effect of cancer. Red cell membrane (RBMs) coated can disguise phototherapy agents as endogenous substances, thus constructing a new nano bionic therapeutic platform, resisting blood clearance and prolonging circulation time. At present, a variety of phototherapy agents based on Nano-RBMs have been isolated or designed. In this review, firstly, the basic principles of Nano-RBMs and phototherapy are expounded respectively. Then, the latest progress of Nano-RBMs for PDT, PTT and PDT/PTT applications in recent five years has been introduced respectively. Finally, the problems and challenges of Nano-RBMs in the field of phototherapy are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-De Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Mei-Tian Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
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Xia Q, Zhang Y, Li Z, Hou X, Feng N. Red blood cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles: a novel drug delivery system for antitumor application. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:675-689. [PMID: 31384529 PMCID: PMC6663920 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs) are the most abundant circulating cells in the blood and have been widely used in drug delivery systems (DDS) because of their features of biocompatibility, biodegradability, and long circulating half-life. Accordingly, a "camouflage" comprised of erythrocyte membranes renders nanoparticles as a platform that combines the advantages of native erythrocyte membranes with those of nanomaterials. Following injection into the blood of animal models, the coated nanoparticles imitate RBCs and interact with the surroundings to achieve long-term circulation. In this review, the biomimetic platform of erythrocyte membrane-coated nano-cores is described with regard to various aspects, with particular focus placed on the coating mechanism, preparation methods, verification methods, and the latest anti-tumor applications. Finally, further functional modifications of the erythrocyte membranes and attempts to fuse the surface properties of multiple cell membranes are discussed, providing a foundation to stimulate extensive research into multifunctional nano-biomimetic systems.
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Key Words
- ABC, accelerated blood clearance
- APCs, antigen presenting cells
- Antitumor
- AuNCs, gold nanocages
- AuNPs, gold nanoparticles
- Biomimetic nanoparticles
- C8bp, C8 binding protein
- CR1, complement receptor 1
- DAF, decay accelerating factor
- DDS, drug delivery systems
- DLS, dynamic light scattering
- Dox, doxorubicin
- Drug delivery
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention
- ETA, endothelin A
- EpCam, epithelial cell adhesion molecule
- FA, folic acid
- GA, gambogic acid
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HRP, homologous restriction protein
- MCP, membrane cofactor protein
- MNCs, magnetic nanoclusters
- MNs, magnetic nanoparticles
- MPS, mononuclear phagocyte system
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- MSNs, mesoporous silica nanoparticles
- Membrane
- NIR, near-infrared radiation
- Nanoparticles
- PAI, photoacoustic imaging
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PCL, poly(caprolactone)
- PDT, photodynamic therapy
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PFCs, perfluorocarbons
- PLA, poly(lactide acid)
- PLGA, poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)
- PPy, polypyrrole
- PS, photosensitizers
- PTT, photothermal therapy
- PTX, paclitaxel
- RBCM-NPs, RBCM-coated nanoparticles
- RBCMs, RBC membranes
- RBCs, red blood cells
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- RVs, RBCM-derived vesicles
- Red blood cells
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- SIRPα, signal-regulatory protein alpha
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TEMPO, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl oxyl
- TPP, triphenylphosphonium
- UCNPs, upconversion nanoparticles
- UV, ultraviolet
- rHuPH20, recombinant hyaluronidase, PH20
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Surampalli G, Nanjwade BK, Patil PA. Comprehensive cytotoxic evaluation of morin, a bioflavonoid against verapamil on rat gastrointestinal epithelium for novel pharmaceutical application involving P-glycoprotein inhibition. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1083-99. [PMID: 25864533 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, a comprehensive and comparative cytotoxic evaluation of morin against verapamil on rat intestinal epithelium as P-gp inhibitors through in-vitro gastrointestinal short-term toxicity assays involving permeability studies for safety evaluation was investigated. METHODS In this study, the effect of morin (1 mM or 10 mM) or verapamil (1 mM or 10 mM) or sodium deoxycholate (10 mM) was investigated on intestinal epithelium and isolated brush border membrane using biomarker assays. Cytotoxicity was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The nutrients transport was assessed using everted sacs studies. Paracellular permeability was measured using Lucifer yellow, followed by morphometric analysis of intestinal sacs. KEY FINDINGS Our results indicated that morin was effective in maintaining cell viability with no significant changes (P > 0.05) in the activity of intestinal brush border markers, membrane integrity and morphometric analysis as compared with control. On the contrary, dramatic (P < 0.01) changes were noticed in the release of membrane markers, cell viability and surface characteristics of intestinal segments when treated with verapamil or sodium deoxycholate as compared with control or morin. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm that morin is non-toxic to rat intestinal epithelium against verapamil demonstrating the potential use of bioflavonoid as safe and novel pharmaceutical adjuvant as P-gp inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurunath Surampalli
- Department of Pharmacology, Vaagdevi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Warangal, Telangana
| | | | - Paragouda A Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, International Medical Programme, USM-KLE University, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
Herein recent progress in developing red blood cell (RBC)-inspired delivery systems is reviewed, with an emphasis on how our growing understanding of fundamental biological properties of natural RBCs has been applied in the design and engineering of these delivery systems. Specifically, progress achieved in developing carrier RBCs, a class of delivery vehicles engineered by directly loading natural RBCs with therapeutic agents, will be reviewed. Then alternative approaches to engineering synthetic vehicles through mimicking the mechanobiological and chemico-biological properties of natural RBCs will be considered. The synthesis and application of RBC membrane-derived vesicles, of which the natural RBC membranes are collected and directly utilized to prepare drug carriers, will then be discussed. Finally, a recent approach in engineering RBC membrane-camouflaged nanoparticle systems that combine advantages of natural RBCs and synthetic biomaterials will be highlighted. These developments indicate that RBC-inspired delivery systems will result in next-generation nanomedicine with extensive medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Ming J Hu
- Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Salvatorelli E, Menna P, Surapaneni S, Aukerman SL, Chello M, Covino E, Sung V, Minotti G. Pharmacokinetic Characterization of Amrubicin Cardiac Safety in an Ex Vivo Human Myocardial Strip Model. I. Amrubicin Accumulates to a Lower Level than Doxorubicin or Epirubicin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 341:464-73. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.190256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Watts TJ. The in vitro hemolytic effect of diltiazem on erythrocytes exposed to varying osmolarity. Toxicol Mech Methods 2010; 20:435-9. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.491519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Wang X, Chen X, Tang Z, Yao W, Liu X, Wei R, Wang X, Ka W, Sun D, He D, Wen Z, Chien S. Ryanodine receptor 1 mediates Ca2+ transport and influences the biomechanical properties in RBCs. J Biomech 2009; 42:2774-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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de Souza Lima MCJ, Soto-Blanco B. Poisoning in goats by Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart.: biological and cytotoxic effects. Toxicon 2009; 55:320-4. [PMID: 19695279 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Revised: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous cases of poisoning by Aspidosperma pyrifolium, the toxicity to rats and in vitro cytotoxicity were evaluated. On all spontaneous cases studied, ingestion of the plant and cases of abortion occurred exclusively in goats. The majority of the cases of abortion occurred during the early dry season and the early rainy season, and experienced goats were less likely to be affected than naïve goats. Pregnant Wistar rats dosed with A. pyrifolium extract on the 15th gestational day or from the 15th to the 17th gestational day presented reduction of fetal weight and strong evidence of maternal toxicity was found. Female rats injected A. pyrifolium extract intraperitoneally presented motor disturbances and death; male rats were more resistant than females. Xylazine, atropine and diazepam administration did not prevent the effects of toxicity. Evaluation of the osmotic fragility of red blood cells was performed with the plant extract at different concentrations. In addition, 1-day-old larvae of Artemia salina were incubated with different concentrations of the extract. It was found that the extract of A. pyrifolium promoted hemolysis and was lethal to A. salina. These in vivo and in vitro assays may be useful as adjunct tests for further studies with this plant.
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