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Ventura-Salazar IAY, Palacios-Can FJ, González-Maya L, Sánchez-Carranza JN, Antunez-Mojica M, Razo-Hernández RS, Alvarez L. Finding a Novel Chalcone-Cinnamic Acid Chimeric Compound with Antiproliferative Activity against MCF-7 Cell Line Using a Free-Wilson Type Approach. Molecules 2023; 28:5486. [PMID: 37513358 PMCID: PMC10383513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we carried out the design and synthesis of new chimeric compounds from the natural cytotoxic chalcone 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone (2',4'-DHC, A) in combination with cinnamic acids. For this purpose, a descriptive and predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model was developed to study the chimeric compounds' anti-cancer activities against human breast cancer MCF-7, relying on the presence or absence of structural motifs in the chalcone structure, like in a Free-Wilson approach. For this, we used 207 chalcone derivatives with a great variety of structural modifications over the α and β rings, such as halogens (F, Cl, and Br), heterocyclic rings (piperazine, piperidine, pyridine, etc.), and hydroxyl and methoxy groups. The multilinear equation was obtained by the genetic algorithm technique, using logIC50 as a dependent variable and molecular descriptors (constitutional, topological, functional group count, atom-centered fragments, and molecular properties) as independent variables, with acceptable statistical parameter values (R2 = 86.93, Q2LMO = 82.578, Q2BOOT = 80.436, and Q2EXT = 80.226), which supports the predictive ability of the model. Considering the aromatic and planar nature of the chalcone and cinnamic acid cores, a structural-specific QSAR model was developed by incorporating geometrical descriptors into the previous general QSAR model, again, with acceptable parameters (R2 = 85.554, Q2LMO = 80.534, Q2BOOT = 78.186, and Q2EXT = 79.41). Employing this new QSAR model over the natural parent chalcone 2',4'-DHC (A) and the chimeric compound 2'-hydroxy,4'-cinnamate chalcone (B), the predicted cytotoxic activity was achieved with values of 55.95 and 17.86 µM, respectively. Therefore, to corroborate the predicted cytotoxic activity compounds A and B were synthesized by two- and three-step reactions. The structures were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR and ESI+MS analysis and further evaluated in vitro against HepG2, Hep3B (liver), A-549 (lung), MCF-7 (breast), and CasKi (cervical) human cancer cell lines. The results showed IC50 values of 11.89, 10.27, 56.75, 14.86, and 29.72 µM, respectively, for the chimeric cinnamate chalcone B. Finally, we employed B as a molecular scaffold for the generation of cinnamate candidates (C-K), which incorporated structural motifs that enhance the cytotoxic activity (pyridine ring, halogens, and methoxy groups) according to our QSAR model. ADME/tox in silico analysis showed that the synthesized compounds A and B, as well as the proposed chalcones C and G, are the best candidates with adequate drug-likeness properties. From all these results, we propose B (as a molecular scaffold) and our two QSAR models as reliable tools for the generation of anti-cancer compounds over the MCF-7 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis A Y Ventura-Salazar
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Francisco J Palacios-Can
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Leticia González-Maya
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | | | - Mayra Antunez-Mojica
- CONAHCYT-Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Said Razo-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Laura Alvarez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
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Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Evaluation of Some Stored Grain Insects and Their Infested Flour Using the BHK-21 Cell Line in an In Vitro Experimental Model. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6415310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, stored grain is vulnerable to pest infestation, resulting in significant economic losses for some crops. Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. Many sucking, piercing insects infect wheat in the form of grains or flour and may produce toxic residues that are harmful to human health. The current study aimed to estimate the safe use of four stored grain insects by evaluating the potential genotoxic effects and cytotoxicity of crushed insects (T. granarium, S. oryzae, R. dominica, and T. castaneum) and their flour residues. MTT and comet assays were conducted to assess the effects of six concentrations of insect flour residues (0, 6.5, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100%) on the baby hamster kidney cell line (BHK-21). The lowest BHK-21 cell viability was noted against T. granarium (LC50% 36.42 μg/ml) followed by T. castaneum flour (LC50% 46.73 μg/ml) compared to the control (LC50% 808.2 μg/ml). Significantly high DNA comet (%) was observed in the treatments of T. castaneum flour (18.8%), S. oryzae wheat (15.6%), T. granarium (15.4%), T. castaneum (13.6%), and T. granarium wheat (13.1%). FTIR spectra of stored grain insects and their flour residues identified various functional metabolite groups, including alkynes and phenols, which could enhance cell apoptosis and genotoxicity. T. granarium, T. castaneum, and their flour residues had the highest cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on the BHK-21 cell line. The current study concludes that insect residues in flour may have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on living cells, potentially affecting public health, particularly after consuming T. granarium and T. castaneum-infested flour. Therefore, good storage of stored grains and their products is recommended.
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Heredia D, Green I, Klaasen J, Rahiman F. Importance and Relevance of Phytochemicals Present in Galenia africana. SCIENTIFICA 2022; 2022:5793436. [PMID: 35186343 PMCID: PMC8850083 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5793436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many people in developing countries rely primarily on medicinal plants as their main source of healthcare, particularly for the treatment of skin infections. Despite the widespread use of medicinal plants, there is a lack of literature describing the relevance and risks of exposure of the phytochemicals present. Galenia africana has been used traditionally in the form of pastes, decoctions, and lotions to treat wounds and other skin-related ailments. This is a report on the phytochemical composition of G. africana and a review on the pharmacological importance and relevance of these phytochemicals. The major groups of phytochemicals identified in G. africana extracts were aliphatics, aliphatic triterpenoids, fatty acids, flavonoids, and phenolic and tocopherol compounds. These have been found to exhibit medicinal properties, thus highlighting the need to assess the safety of G. africana for topical application. The information related to the safety of the various compounds could indicate the potential risks related to accidental intake of the extract upon topical product applications. This report concludes that the quantities of the phytochemicals present in G. africana should not cause undue risk to human health, which provides comfort to pursue future work on using and developing G. africana as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Heredia
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Ivan Green
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jeremy Klaasen
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Farzana Rahiman
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
- Skin Research Lab, Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
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Khatun M, Islam F, Gopalan V, Rahman MM, Zuberi N, Khatun L, Rakib MA, Islam MA, Lam AKY, Khanam JA. 2', 4'-dihydroxy-3, 4-methylenedioxychalcone Activate Mitochondrial Apoptosis of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885514666191211122437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Development of effective cancer-chemotherapy is the most challenging
field due to the toxicity of chemo-agents.
Objective:
As chalcone has been known to have pharmacological applications, here the aim is to
synthesized three chalcone derivatives, 2',4'-dihydroxy-3,4-methylenedioxychalcone (C1), 2'-hydroxy-
2,4, 6-trimethoxychalcone (C2) and 2'-hydroxy-4-methylchalcone (C3) and investigate their anti-cancer
properties against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell.
Method:
Anticancer properties against EAC cells were studied by examining growth inhibition,
MTT assays, tumour-bearing mice survival, tumour weight measurement and haematological profiles.
Moreover, apoptosis of EAC cells was investigated by fluorescence microscopy, flowcytometry
and DNA fragmentation assays. Expression of apoptosis related genes were studied by
reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR).
Results:
Among the compounds, C1 exhibited highest cell growth inhibition at 200 mg/kg/day
(81.71%; P < 0.01). C1 treatment also increased the life span of EAC-bearing mice (82.60%, P <
0.05) with the reduction of tumour burden (<) compared to untreated EAC-bearing
mice. In vitro study indicated that C1 killed EAC-cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced
mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways. In addition, C1 treated cells exhibited increased apoptotic
features such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation after
Hoechst 33342 staining. Increased fragmentation of DNA in gel electrophoresis followed by C1
treatment further confirmed apoptosis of EAC cells. EAC cells treated with C1 showed reduced
Bcl-2 expression in contrast to notable upregulation of p53 and Bax expression. It implied that C1
could reinstate the expression of pro-apoptotic tumour suppressor and inhibit anti-apoptotic genes.
Conclusions:
Thus, C1 showed significant growth inhibitory properties and induced apoptosis of
EAC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbuba Khatun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD-4222, Australia
| | - Md. Motiar Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Natasha Zuberi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Laboni Khatun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdur Rakib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Azizul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD-4222, Australia
| | - Jahan Ara Khanam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
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Zeng Q, Cai X, Cao Y, Zhou C, Yu L, Chen J. Preparation, characterization, and pharmacodynamic study on deep second degree burns of total flavonoids composite phospholipids liposome gel of Oxytropis falcata Bunge. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:2000-2009. [PMID: 33095085 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1841787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is the treatment problem after deep second degree (II°) burns. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB/inhibitory factor-κB (NF-κB/IκB) signal pathways play significant role in angiogenesis and wound repair after burns.This study aimed to investigate the preparation, characterization and pharmacodynamics of the total flavonoids composite phospholipids liposome of Oxytropis falcata Bunge (TFOFB-CPL) on deep II° burns to research its biological activity and underlying mechanism. The TFOFB-CPL was prepared by thin-film dispersion method and the preparation process was optimized via central composite design. The TFOFB-CPL was then characterized by using particle size, polydispersity indexes (PDIs), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (EE) and morphology. Moerover, in vitro transdermal test and in vivo pharmacodynamic study included wound healing rate, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, masson staning, western blotting and RT-PCR. The results showed that the therapeutic effects of TFOFB-CPL gel on deep II° burns, especially during wound healing were significant. TFOFB-CPL gel has a sustained-release effect during the treatment of deep II° burns with forming drug depot in the dermis layer. The wound healing rate of TFOFB-CPL gel group was near positive group and better than the other groups. TFOFB-CPL gel could promote the growth of epidermis, skin appendages, fibrovascular and collagen fibers, and had obvious anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, TFOFB-CPL gel inhibited the activation of p38MAPK and the degradation of IκBα, and promoted the neonatal wounds during the early stage. Therefore, TFOFB-CPL gel could be considered as a novel preparation for treating deep II° burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiping Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, the 909th Hospital of PLA/the Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, the 909th Hospital of PLA/the Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yixiang Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, the 909th Hospital of PLA/the Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Chengfang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, the 909th Hospital of PLA/the Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Pathology, the 909th Hospital of PLA/the Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Jinshan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, the 909th Hospital of PLA/the Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
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Lou C, Chen Y, Zhang J, Yang B, Zhao H. Eupalinolide J Suppresses the Growth of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via Targeting STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1071. [PMID: 31607920 PMCID: PMC6761301 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent activation of STAT3 plays an important role in the development of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and suppression of STAT3 is considered as a novel approach for cancer therapy. In this project, we aimed to examine the anticancer activity and molecular mechanism of eupalinolide J (EJ) in TNBC cells. The presented results demonstrated that the growth of human TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells) was obviously inhibited by EJ. The IC50 values were 3.74 ± 0.58 and 4.30 ± 0.39 μM, respectively. Further study demonstrated that EJ suppressed the proliferation of TNBC cells mainly through cell apoptosis induction, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption, and cell cycle arrest. Meanwhile, the STAT3 and p-STAT3 in EJ-treated TNBC cells were remarkably suppressed. Importantly, silencing of STAT3 by STAT3-shRNA significantly blunted the anticancer activities of EJ in TNBC cells, suggesting that EJ suppressed cancer cell proliferation via targeting the STAT3 pathway. Notably, further study demonstrated that EJ significantly promoted the degradation of STAT3 in TNBC cells. Finally, EJ exhibited an effective antitumor activity against MDA-MB-231 cells in vivo. In conclusion, we identified that EJ suppressed the growth of TNBC cells via targeting the STAT3 signaling pathway. These results strongly support that EJ is a promising therapeutic agent for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Peng X, Wang Z, Liu Y, Peng X, Liu Y, Zhu S, Zhang Z, Qiu Y, Jin M, Wang R, Zhang Q, Kong D. Oxyfadichalcone C inhibits melanoma A375 cell proliferation and metastasis via suppressing PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways. Life Sci 2018; 206:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Alfaifi MY. Kanahia Laniflora Methanolic Extract Suppressed Proliferation of Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:4755-4759. [PMID: 27893208 PMCID: PMC5454628 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2016.17.10.4755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In certain countries such as United States of America, it is the leading cause of related cancer mortality among both men and women. Natural products play an important role in overcoming the limitations of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of Kanahia laniflora methanolic extract against human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). Methods: Sulforhodamine B colorimetric assays were used to determine the inhibitory effects of a leaf methanolic extract against A549 cells. Results: The extract showed strong cytotoxic activity against A549 cells with an IC50 value of 0.13 μg/ml compared to 0.21 μg/ml for doxorubicin. The extract also significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells to 49.7% as compared to 1.4% and 47.4% for control and doxorubicin respectively. Conclusion: These results showed, for the first time, that a methanolic extract of Kanahia laniflora leaves can inhibit the proliferation of human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). Further attention to its potential as a new effective anticancer agent is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yahya Alfaifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Compounds Isolated from Flourensia oolepis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:912484. [PMID: 26819623 PMCID: PMC4706877 DOI: 10.1155/2015/912484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of metabolites isolated from an antibacterial extract of Flourensia oolepis were evaluated. Bioguided fractionation led to five flavonoids, identified as 2′,4′-dihydroxychalcone (1), isoliquiritigenin (2), pinocembrin (3), 7-hydroxyflavanone (4), and 7,4′-dihydroxy-3′-methoxyflavanone (5). Compound 1 showed the highest antibacterial effect, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 31 to 62 and 62 to 250 μg/mL, against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. On further assays, the cytotoxic effect of compounds 1–5 was determined by MTT assay on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines including their multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Compound 1 induced a remarkable cytotoxic activity toward ALL cells (IC50 = 6.6–9.9 μM) and a lower effect against CML cells (IC50 = 27.5–30.0 μM). Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle distribution and cell death by PI-labeled cells and by Annexin V/PI staining, respectively. Upon treatment, 1 induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase accompanied by a strong induction of apoptosis. These results describe for the first time the antibacterial metabolites of F. oolepis extract, with 1 being the most effective. This chalcone also emerges as a selective cytotoxic agent against sensitive and resistant leukemic cells, highlighting its potential as a lead compound.
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Sheng Y, Zou M, Wang Y, Li Q. 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone, a flavonoid isolated from Herba oxytropis, suppresses PC-3 human prostate cancer cell growth by induction of apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:3737-3741. [PMID: 26788200 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are a promising source for the development of novel cancer therapies, due to their potential effectiveness and low toxicity profiles. As a main component of Herba oxytropis, 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone (TFC) is known to demonstrate anti-tumor activity in vitro. In the present study, TFC was found to potently inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. The results demonstrated that the induction of apoptosis is associated with cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and activation of caspase-3/-7. Additional mechanistic studies of two biomarkers, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27Kip1), in prostate cancer revealed that TFC treatment significantly upregulated the expression of PTEN and p27Kip1. The findings of the present study indicate that TFC-induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells via upregulation of PTEN and p27Kip1, which results in cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, activation of caspase-3/-7 and induction of apoptosis. Therefore, TFC may be a potential compound for human prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Sheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, P.R. China
| | - Mingchang Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, P.R. China
| | - Qiheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, P.R. China
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Yang GM, Yan R, Wang ZX, Zhang FF, Pan Y, Cai BC. Antitumor effects of two extracts from Oxytropis falcata on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Chin J Nat Med 2014; 11:519-24. [PMID: 24359777 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(13)60094-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the antitumor effects of extracts from Oxytropis falcata on human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and in transplanted murine H22 tumors in vivo. METHODS Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells were determined and tumor growth inhibition in H22 tumors was investigated. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) and Annexin V-FITC/ PI double staining. RESULTS MTT assay revealed that essential oil and flavonoids of O. falcata (named EOOF and FOF) inhibited proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 value of EOOF and FOF were 0.115 and 0.097 mg·mL(-1), respectively. Cell cycle was arrested at G(1) phase, and induction of apoptosis occurred in SMMC-7721 cells when subjected to FOF. Growth inhibition in H22 solid tumors transplanted mice was significantly pronounced after being treated with FOF, and the inhibition ratio were 56.1% and 70.8% at the concentration of 30 and 60 mg·kg(-1). CONCLUSION The results suggest that FOF promotes apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells and inhibits H22 tumor growth, resulting in a potential antitumor effect on hepatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ru Yan
- University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Zhao-Xian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Laboratory of Medical Fungi and Phyto-Biotech, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Bao-Chang Cai
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Fares M, Abou-Seri SM, Abdel-Aziz HA, Abbas SES, Youssef MM, Eladwy RA. Synthesis and antitumor activity of pyrido [2,3-d]pyrimidine and pyrido[2,3-d] [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine derivatives that induce apoptosis through G1 cell-cycle arrest. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:155-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Deng X, Zhao X, Lan Z, Jiang J, Yin W, Chen L. Anti-tumor effects of flavonoids from the ethnic medicine Docynia delavayi (Franch.) Schneid. and its possible mechanism. J Med Food 2014; 17:787-94. [PMID: 24940817 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.2886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the active components and the anti-tumor efficacy and mechanisms of the flavonoids from Docynia delavayi (Franch.) Schneid. (DDS). MTT assay was used to examine the growth inhibitory effects of the four flavonoids, including chrysin, quercetin, naringenin, and avicularin that were isolated from the rhizome of DDS, on human hematomas cell (HepG2), esophageal carcinoma cell (EC109), human cervical adenocarcinoma cell (Hela), human colon adenocarcinoma cell (SW480), and African green monkey kidney cell (Vero cells). The anti-tumor mechanism of chrysin on HepG2 was further investigated by the methods of fluorescence staining, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting. The results showed that the inhibitory activity of chrysin was much stronger than the other three flavonoids on HepG2, EC109, Hela, and SW480 cells for 48 h treatment in vitro. Moreover, no inhibiting effect of chrysin on the proliferation of normal cells (Vero cells) was observed. Further study revealed that chrysin caused HepG2 cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and apoptotic body formation, all of which were typical characteristics of apoptosis programmed cell death. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that chrysin increased the sub G0/G1 population, which indicated the increased cell apoptosis, thus preventing cells from entering the S phase as the population in G2/M or S phase declined; whereas in G0/G1 phase, it increased. In addition, immunoblot results showed that chrysin significantly increased the expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax proteins, and it decreased the expression level of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) protein. These findings indicate that chrysin is the major flavonoid present in DDS, and it induces HepG2 cell death via apoptosis, probably through the participation of caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xukun Deng
- 1 School of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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14
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Chand K, Shirazi AN, Yadav P, Tiwari RK, Kumari M, Parang K, Sharma SK. Synthesis and antiproliferative and c-Src kinase inhibitory activities of cinnamoyl- and pyranochromen-2-one derivatives. CAN J CHEM 2013; 91:741-754. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2013-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
A series of 6- and 8-cinnamoylchromen-2-one and dihydropyranochromen-2-one derivatives were synthesized and their antiproliferative activities were evaluated against three human cancer cell lines, i.e., ovarian adenocarcinoma (SK-OV-3), leukemia (CCRF-CEM), and breast carcinoma (MCF-7). In general, 8-cinnamoylchromen-2-one derivatives were found to have higher antiproliferative activity against the cancer cells when compared with 6-cinnamoyl analogues. Among all of the hybrid chromen-2-one − chalcone/flavanone compounds, a 7-hydroxy-8-cinnamoylchromen-2-one derivative 35 was found to be consistently active against all the cancer cell lines and inhibited the cell proliferation of SK-OV-3, CCRF-CEM, and MCF-7 by 63%, 50%, and 43%, respectively, at a concentration of 50 μmol/L after 72 h of incubation. This compound also exhibited the highest Src kinase inhibition (IC50= 14.5 μmol/L). Structure−activity relationship studies provided insights for designing the next generation of chromen-2-one − chalcone hybrid prototypes and the development of new leads as anticancer agents and (or) Src kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam Chand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Preeti Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rakesh K. Tiwari
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Sunil K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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15
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Li WD, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yan LG, Yin FZ, Ruan JS, Chen ZP, Yang GM, Yan CP, Zhao D, Lu Y, Cai BC. Characterization of xanthatin: anticancer properties and mechanisms of inhibited murine melanoma in vitro and in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:865-873. [PMID: 23664560 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Anti-cancer investigations on Xanthatin mainly focus on in vitro experiments. We herein reported the anti-tumor effects of Xanthatin both in vitro and in vivo. MTS assay results showed that Xanthatin had a remarkable anti-proliferative effect on B16-F10 cells. Moreover, the expression of β-catenin was up-regulated both in vitro and in vivo. Animal studies further revealed that Xanthatin killed the tumor cells around the blood vessels which contributes to reduce microvascular density extremely. All these results indicate that Xanthatin inhibited murine melanoma B16-F10 cell proliferation possibly associated with activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its activity against melanoma tumor might also be relevant to inhibition of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei D Li
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
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16
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Potential cytotoxic and apoptosis inducing agents: synthesis and evaluation of methoxy-substituted chalcones against human lung and cervical cancers. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Mielcke TR, Mascarello A, Filippi-Chiela E, Zanin RF, Lenz G, Leal PC, Chiaradia LD, Chirardia LD, Yunes RA, Nunes RJ, Battastini AMO, Morrone FB, Campos MM. Activity of novel quinoxaline-derived chalcones on in vitro glioma cell proliferation. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 48:255-64. [PMID: 22209415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common and devastating tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Many pieces of evidence point out the relevance of natural compounds for cancer therapy and prevention, including chalcones. In the present study, eight synthetic quinoxaline-derived chalcones, structurally based on the selective PI3Kγ inhibitor AS605240, were evaluated for anti-proliferative activity and viability inhibition using glioma cell lines from human and rat origin (U-138 MG and C6, respectively), at different time-periods of incubation and concentrations. The results revealed that four chalcones (compounds 1, 6, 7 and 8), which present methoxy groups at A-ring, displayed higher efficacies and potencies, being able to inhibit either cell proliferation or viability, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, with an efficacy that was greater than that seen for the positive control compound AS605240. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that incubation of C6 cells with compound 6 led to G1 phase arrest, likely indicating an interference with apoptosis. Furthermore, compound 6 was able to visibly inhibit AKT activation, allied to the stimulation of ERK MAP-kinase. The chalcones tested herein, especially those displaying a methoxy substituent, might well represent promising molecules for the adjuvant treatment of glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia R Mielcke
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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18
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Neves MP, Cravo S, Lima RT, Vasconcelos MH, Nascimento MSJ, Silva AMS, Pinto M, Cidade H, Corrêa AG. Solid-phase synthesis of 2'-hydroxychalcones. Effects on cell growth inhibition, cell cycle and apoptosis of human tumor cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 20:25-33. [PMID: 22177409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-one 2'-hydroxychalcones were prepared via solid-phase synthesis by base-catalyzed aldol condensation of substituted 2'-hydroxyacetophenones and benzaldehydes. Chalcones were tested for their growth inhibitory activity in three human tumor cell lines (MCF-7, NCI-H460 and A375-C5) using the SRB assay. Results revealed that several of the tested compounds caused a pronounced dose-dependent growth inhibitory effect on the tumor cell lines studied in the low micromolar range. To gain further insight on the cellular mechanism of action of this class of compounds, studies of their effect on cell cycle profile as well as on induction of cellular apoptosis were also carried out. Generally, the tested chalcones interfered with the cell cycle profile and increased the percentage of apoptotic MCF-7 cells. The results here presented may help to identify new chalcone-like structures with optimized cell growth inhibitory activity which may be further tested as potential antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Perro Neves
- Centro de Química Medicinal da Universidade do Porto (CEQUIMED-UP), Rua Aníbal Cunha 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal
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19
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Chen ZP, Qu MM, Chen HX, Liu D, Xiao YY, Chen J, Lu TL, Cai BC. The studies of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and pharmacokinetics of Oxytropis falcate Bunge extraction after transdermal administration in rats. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:426-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Orlikova B, Tasdemir D, Golais F, Dicato M, Diederich M. Dietary chalcones with chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential. GENES AND NUTRITION 2011; 6:125-47. [PMID: 21484163 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-011-0210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones are absorbed in the daily diet and appear to be promising cancer chemopreventive agents. Chalcones represent an important group of the polyphenolic family, which includes a large number of naturally occurring molecules. This family possesses an interesting spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidative, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cytotoxic, and immunosuppressive potential. Compounds of this family have been shown to interfere with each step of carcinogenesis, including initiation, promotion and progression. Moreover, numerous compounds from the family of dietary chalcones appear to show activity against cancer cells, suggesting that these molecules or their derivatives may be considered as potential anticancer drugs. This review will focus primarily on prominent members of the chalcone family with an 1,3-diphenyl-2-propenon core structure. Specifically, the inhibitory effects of these compounds on the different steps of carcinogenesis that reveal interesting chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Orlikova
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 Rue Edward Steichen, 2540, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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21
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WANG D, TANG W, YANG GM, CAI BC. Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Flavonoids from Oxytropis falcate Bunge. Chin J Nat Med 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1009.2010.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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A study of the antioxidants in Oxytropis pilosa (L.) DC. JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2011. [DOI: 10.2298/jsc100701045m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate the antioxidative potential of
Oxytropis pilosa (L.) DC. during the active vegetative period. The
activities of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase,
peroxidase), the quantities of malonyldialdehyde, superoxide and hydroxyl
radicals and reduced glutathione and the content of total flavonoids,
chlorophylls a and b, carotenoids and soluble proteins were determined. The
results showed that extracts from all plant organs exhibited antioxidant
activity. The highest antioxidant ability was observed in the leaves where
all the investigated antioxidant enzymes were active in a specific way:
During the spring season, peroxidase showed the maximum activity 18.54 U
mg-1 prot., catalase peaked in summer 9.04 U mg-1 prot, whereas, during the
autumn season, superoxide dismutase showed maximum activity, 54.28 U mg-1
prot. Reduced glutathione, pigments and carotenoids present in the leaves
contribute to the high antioxidant activity. Furthermore, inhibition of
chemiluminiscence activity of Balb/c mice blood phagocytes by crude leaf
extracts were 30.2 % and 36.5 %.
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23
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Anticancer properties of 10-hydroxycamptothecin in a murine melanoma pulmonary metastasis model in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 25:513-20. [PMID: 21093576 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer, including lung metastatic cancer, remains one of the most difficult types of cancer to treat. Therefore, the search for new agents for its treatment is very important. 10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) was proved to have ideal anticancer activity in curing series cancer cells. In this study, the anticancer effect of HCPT on melanoma lung metastasis cancer was investigated by several administration routes, and whether the effect may be attributed to the induction of tumor cells apoptosis was determined. MTT assay results showed that HCPT exhibited selective cytotoxic activity against B16-F10 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Hoechst 33258 staining and transmission electron microscopy showed typical apoptotic morphology such as condensed chromatin, irregular nuclei, and apoptotic body formation. Flow cytometry analysis indicated a growth on apoptotic cells and a cell-cycle arrest in S phase after treatment with HCPT. In vivo melanoma pulmonary metastases were inhibited by treatment with HCPT. A more significant inhibition was observed if HCPT was administered by aerosol inhalation than that given by i.v. or i.p. administration. Thus, HCPT exhibited potential anticancer activity against B16-F10 cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the possible mechanisms involved still need to be investigated to explain this behavior.
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24
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Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Flavonoids from Oxytropis falcata Bunge. Chin J Nat Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(11)60008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Oxytropis falcate Fractions and Its Possible Anti-inflammatory Mechanism. Chin J Nat Med 2010. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1009.2010.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Lou C, Yang G, Cai H, Zou M, Xu Z, Li Y, Zhao F, Li W, Tong L, Wang M, Cai B. 2′,4′-Dihydroxychalcone-induced apoptosis of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells via down-regulation of survivin mRNA. Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 24:1333-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Oxytropis falcata Fractions and Its Possible Anti-inflammatory Mechanism. Chin J Nat Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(10)60036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Pilatova M, Varinska L, Perjesi P, Sarissky M, Mirossay L, Solar P, Ostro A, Mojzis J. In vitro antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects of synthetic chalcone analogues. Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 24:1347-55. [PMID: 20450969 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As flavonoids, chalcones possess a wide variety of biological activities including anticancer properties. In the present study we have investigated the in vitro antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects of four synthetic chalcones. E-2-(4'-methoxybenzylidene)-1-benzosuberone (3) was the most active compound with IC(50)=10(-7)mol l(-1) in Jurkat cells. In both Jurkat and HeLa chalcone 3-treated cells we found a significant increase in the proportion of cancer cells in the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle as well as an increase in cells having sub-G(0)/G(1) DNA content which is considered to be a marker of apoptotic cell death. Apoptosis was also confirmed by annexin V staining and DNA fragmentation. These effects were associated with reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-2, and increased expression of the pro-apoptotic gene, Bax. Furthermore, chalcone 3 was selected to evaluate its effect on some angiogenic events. In non-toxic concentrations, chalcone 3 inhibited VEGF-induced migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Moreover, it also decreased secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (mainly MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In conclusion, the present study has assessed the in vitro antiproliferative/antiangiogenic potential of chalcone 3. This results generate a rationale for in vivo efficacy studies with this compound in preclinical cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pilatova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
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29
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Zhou Z, Shen T, Zhang BH, Lv XY, Lin HY, Zhu C, Xue LQ, Wang H. The proprotein convertase furin in human trophoblast: Possible role in promoting trophoblast cell migration and invasion. Placenta 2009; 30:929-38. [PMID: 19853298 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Furin, a proprotein convertase (PC), is ubiquitously expressed and implicated in many physiological and pathological processes. This study is aimed to identify the role of furin in human trophoblast invasion and migration. Furin was found to be highly expressed in placental villi of both rhesus monkeys and human beings during early pregnancy. Specifically, furin was found in trophoblast column and trophoblast shell, regions where highly invasive cytotrophoblast cells invade the maternal decidua during human placentation. To determine whether furin plays any role in trophoblast invasion and migration, we employed human extravillous HTR8/SVneo cells in Matrigel invasion and transwell migration assays. Knocking-down furin expression by siRNA significantly inhibited invasion and migration of HTR8/SVneo cells (P<0.01), with corresponding decrease of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activities. In contrast, over-expression of furin markedly increased cell invasion and migration (P<0.01), accompanied by significant increase of MMP-9 activities. Furthermore, furin siRNA significantly increased the levels of both tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP)-1 and -2. Our results suggest that furin may play an important role in the invasion and migration of human trophoblast cells during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhou
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
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