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Zhang R, Xu J, Deng J, Ouyang W, Chen H, Tang Q, Zheng S, Liu L. High-performance cation electrokinetic concentrator based on a γ-CD/QCS/PVA composite and microchip for evaluating the activity of P-glycoprotein without any interference from serum albumin. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 24:127-136. [PMID: 38073277 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00831b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of cation electrokinetic concentrators (CECs) has been hindered by the lack of commercial anion-exchange membranes (AEMs). This paper introduces a γ-cyclodextrin-modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (γ-CD/QCS/PVA) composite as an AEM, which is combined with a microchip to fabricate a CEC. Remarkably, the CEC only concentrates cationic species, thereby overcoming the interference of the highly abundant, negatively charged serum albumin in the blood sample. P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) is recognized as an efflux transporter protein that influences the pharmacokinetics (PK) of various compounds. The CEC was used to evaluate the activity of P-gp by detecting the positively charged rhodamine 123 (Rho123 is a classical substrate of P-gp) with no interference from serum albumin in the serum sample. Using the CEC, the enrichment factor (EF) of Rho123 exceeded 105-fold under DC voltage application. The minimal sample consumption of the CEC (<10 μL) enables reduction of animal sacrifice in animal experiments. Here, the CEC has been applied to evaluate the transport activity of P-gp in in vitro and in vivo experiments by detecting Rho123 in the presence of P-gp inhibitors or agonists. The results are in good agreement with those reported in previous reports. Therefore, the CEC presents a promising application potential, owing to its simple fabrication process, high sensitivity, minimal sample consumption, lack of interference from serum albumin and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhui Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jieqi Deng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Hanren Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Qing Tang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Shiquan Zheng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lihong Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Lagunas-Rangel FA, Liu W, Schiöth HB. Can Exposure to Environmental Pollutants Be Associated with Less Effective Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042064. [PMID: 35206262 PMCID: PMC8871977 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Since environmental pollutants are ubiquitous and many of them are resistant to degradation, we are exposed to many of them on a daily basis. Notably, these pollutants can have harmful effects on our health and be linked to the development of disease. Epidemiological evidence together with a better understanding of the mechanisms that link toxic substances with the development of diseases, suggest that exposure to some environmental pollutants can lead to an increased risk of developing cancer. Furthermore, several studies have raised the role of low-dose exposure to environmental pollutants in cancer progression. However, little is known about how these compounds influence the treatments given to cancer patients. In this work, we present a series of evidences suggesting that environmental pollutants such as bisphenol A (BPA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and airborne particulate matter may reduce the efficacy of some common chemotherapeutic drugs used in different types of cancer. We discuss the potential underlying molecular mechanisms that lead to the generation of this chemoresistance, such as apoptosis evasion, DNA damage repair, activation of pro-cancer signaling pathways, drug efflux and action of antioxidant enzymes, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC Box 593, Husargatan 3, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (F.A.L.-R.); (H.B.S.)
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC Box 593, Husargatan 3, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Helgi B. Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC Box 593, Husargatan 3, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya Str. Moscow, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (F.A.L.-R.); (H.B.S.)
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Levy ES, Samy KE, Lamson NG, Whitehead KA, Kroetz DL, Desai TA. Reversible inhibition of efflux transporters by hydrogel microdevices. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 145:76-84. [PMID: 31639417 PMCID: PMC6919324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oral drug delivery is a preferred administration route due to its low cost, high patient compliance and fewer adverse events compared to intravenous administration. However, many pharmaceuticals suffer from poor solubility and low oral bioavailability. One major factor that contributes to low bioavailability are efflux transporters which prevent drug absorption through intestinal epithelial cells. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) are two important efflux transporters in the intestine functioning to prevent toxic materials from entering systemic circulation. However, due to its broad substrate specificity, P-gp limits the absorption of many therapeutics, including chemotherapeutics and antibacterial agents. Methods to inhibit P-gp with competitive inhibitors have not been clinically successful. Here, we show that micron scale devices (microdevices) made from a commonly used biomaterial, polyethylene glycol (PEG), inhibit P-gp through a biosimilar mucus in Caco-2 cells and that transporter function is restored when the microdevices are removed. Microdevices were shown to inhibit P-gp mediated transport of calcein AM, doxorubicin, and rhodamine 123 (R123) and BCRP mediated transport of BODIPY-FL-prazosin. When in contact with Caco-2 cells, microdevices decrease the cell surface amount of P-gp without affecting the passive transport. Moreover, there was an increase in mucosal to serosal transport of R123 with microdevices in an ex-vivo mouse model and increased absorption in vivo. This biomaterial-based approach to inhibit efflux transporters can be applied to a range of drug delivery systems and allows for a nonpharmacologic method to increase intestinal drug absorption while limiting toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Levy
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karen E Samy
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UCSF Mission Bay Campus, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas G Lamson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn A Whitehead
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Deanna L Kroetz
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UCSF Mission Bay Campus, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Jiang B, Meng L, Zou N, Wang H, Li S, Huang L, Cheng X, Wang Z, Chen W, Wang C. Mechanism-based pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics studies of harmine and harmaline on neurotransmitters regulatory effects in healthy rats: Challenge on monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 62:152967. [PMID: 31154274 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Carboline alkaloid harmine (HAR) and harmaline (HAL) are monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. However, whether HAR and HAL inhibit MAO or AChE selectively and competitively is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential competition inhibition of HAR and HAL on MAO and AChE in brain endothelial cells (RBE4) and in healthy rats to provide a basis for the application of the inhibitors in the treatment of patients with depression and with Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS The transport properties of HAR and HAL by using blood-brain barrier models constructed with RBE4 were systematically investigated. Then, the modulation effects of HAR and HAL on CNS neurotransmitters (NTs) in healthy rat brains were determined by a microdialysis method coupled with LC-MS/MS. The competition inhibition of HAR and HAL on MAO and AChE was evaluated through real time-PCR, Western blot analysis, and molecular docking experiments. RESULTS Results showed that HAL and HAR can be detected in the blood and striatum 300 min after intravenous injection (1 mg/kg). Choline (Ch), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), and phenylalanine (Phe) levels in the striatum decreased in a time-dependent manner after the HAL treatment, with average velocities of 1.41, 0.73, 3.86, and 1.10 (ng/ml)/min, respectively. The Ch and GABA levels in the striatum decreased after the HAR treatment, with average velocities of 1.16 and 0.22 ng/ml/min, respectively. The results of the cocktail experiment using the human liver enzyme indicated that the IC50 value of HAL on MAO-A was 0.10 ± 0.08 µm and that of HAR was 0.38 ± 0.21 µm. Their IC50 values on AChE were not obtained. These findings indicated that HAL and HAR selectively acted on MAO in vitro. However, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis results showed that the AChE mRNA and protein expression decreased in a time-dependent manner in RBE4 cells after the HAR and HAL treatments. CONCLUSION NT analysis results showed that HAL and HAR selectively affect AChE in vivo. HAL and HAR may be highly and suitably developed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Liyuan Meng
- Department of Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Nan Zou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanxue Wang
- Shanghai TCM-integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 230 Baoding Road, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Shuping Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lifeng Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
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SAKUTA Y, TAKEHARA I, TSUNODA KI, SATO K. Development of a Microfluidic System Comprising Dialysis and Secretion Components for a Bioassay of Renal Clearance. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:1073-1078. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18p141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu SAKUTA
- School of Science and Technology, Gunma University
| | | | | | - Kiichi SATO
- School of Science and Technology, Gunma University
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Kim H, Yim B, Kim J, Kim H, Lee YM. Molecular characterization of ABC transporters in marine ciliate, Euplotes crassus: Identification and response to cadmium and benzo[a]pyrene. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:725-735. [PMID: 28139231 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters participate in transporting various substances, including xenobiotics, in or out of cells. However, their genetic information and function in ciliates remain still unclear. In this study, we sequenced and characterized two ABC transporter genes (EcABCB and EcABCC), and investigated the effect of cadmium (Cd) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) on their function and gene expression, using efflux assay and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively, in the marine ciliate, Euplotes crassus. Sequencing analysis and efflux assay showed that EcABCB and EcABCC are typical ABC transporters, possessing conserved function. Exposure to Cd (≥5mg/L) and B[a]P (≥50.5μg/L) enhanced accumulation of a substrate. A significant increase in the expression of EcABCB and EcABC mRNA was observed at lower concentration in response to Cd and B[a]P. Our findings indicate that Cd and B[a]P could inhibit the efflux function of ABC transporters, leading to cellular toxicity in the ciliate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hokyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea
| | - Bora Yim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea
| | - Jisoo Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea
| | - Haeyeon Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea.
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Le Vee M, Jouan E, Stieger B, Lecureur V, Fardel O. Regulation of human hepatic drug transporter activity and expression by diesel exhaust particle extract. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121232. [PMID: 25803276 PMCID: PMC4372591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are common environmental air pollutants primarily affecting the lung. DEPs or chemicals adsorbed on DEPs also exert extra-pulmonary effects, including alteration of hepatic drug detoxifying enzyme expression. The present study was designed to determine whether organic DEP extract (DEPe) may target hepatic drug transporters that contribute in a major way to drug detoxification. Using primary human hepatocytes and transporter-overexpressing cells, DEPe was first shown to strongly inhibit activities of the sinusoidal solute carrier (SLC) uptake transporters organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATP) 1B1, 1B3 and 2B1 and of the canalicular ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux pump multidrug resistance-associated protein 2, with IC50 values ranging from approximately 1 to 20 μg/mL and relevant to environmental exposure situations. By contrast, 25 μg/mL DEPe failed to alter activities of the SLC transporter organic cation transporter (OCT) 1 and of the ABC efflux pumps P-glycoprotein and bile salt export pump (BSEP), whereas it only moderately inhibited those of sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide and of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Treatment by 25 μg/mL DEPe was next demonstrated to induce expression of BCRP at both mRNA and protein level in cultured human hepatic cells, whereas it concomitantly repressed mRNA expression of various transporters, including OATP1B3, OATP2B1, OCT1 and BSEP. Such changes in transporter expression were found to be highly correlated to those caused by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a reference activator of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. This suggests that DEPe, which is enriched in known ligands of AhR like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, alters drug transporter expression via activation of the AhR cascade. Taken together, these data established human hepatic transporters as targets of organic chemicals containing in DEPs, which may contribute to their systemic effects through impairing hepatic transport of endogenous compound or drug substrates of these transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Le Vee
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Elodie Jouan
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Bruno Stieger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Lecureur
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Fardel
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes, France
- Pôle Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033 Rennes, France
- * E-mail:
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Mini-P-gp and P-gp Co-Expression in Brown Trout Erythrocytes: A Prospective Blood Biomarker of Aquatic Pollution. Diagnostics (Basel) 2015; 5:10-26. [PMID: 26854141 PMCID: PMC4665547 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics5010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In aquatic organisms, such as fish, blood is continually exposed to aquatic contaminants. Multidrug Resistance (MDR) proteins are ubiquitous detoxification membrane pumps, which recognize various xenobiotics. Moreover, their expression is induced by a large class of drugs and pollutants. We have highlighted the co-expression of a mini P-gp of 75 kDa and a P-gp of 140 kDa in the primary culture of brown trout erythrocytes and in the erythrocytes of wild brown trout collected from three rivers in the Auvergne region of France. In vitro experiments showed that benzo[a]pyrene, a highly toxic pollutant model, induced the co-expression of mini-P-gp and P-gp in trout erythrocytes in a dose-dependent manner and relay type response. Similarly, in the erythrocytes of wild brown trout collected from rivers contaminated by a mixture of PAH and other multi-residues of pesticides, mini-P-gp and P-gp were able to modulate their expression, according to the nature of the pollutants. The differential and complementary responses of mini-P-gp and P-gp in trout erythrocytes suggest the existence in blood cells of a real protective network against xenobiotics/drugs. This property could be exploited to develop a blood biomarker of river pollution.
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Metallothionein mRNA induction is correlated with the decrease of DNA strand breaks in cadmium exposed zebra mussels. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 766:10-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mohammadzadeh R, Baradaran B, Valizadeh H, Yousefi B, Zakeri-Milani P. Reduced ABCB1 Expression and Activity in the Presence of Acrylic Copolymers. Adv Pharm Bull 2014; 4:219-24. [PMID: 24754004 DOI: 10.5681/apb.2014.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE P-glycoprotein (P-gp; ABCB1), an integral membrane protein in the apical surface of human intestinal epithelial cells, plays a crucial role in the intestinal transport and efflux leading to changes in the bioavailability of oral pharmaceutical compounds. This study was set to examine the potential effects of three Eudragits RL100, S100 and L100 on the intestinal epithelial membrane transport of rhodammine-123 (Rho-123), a substrate of P-gp using a monolayer of human colon cancer cell line (Caco-2). METHODS The least non-cytotoxic concentrations of the excipients were assessed in Caco-2 cells by the MTT assay. Then the transepithelial transport of Rho-123 across Caco-2 monolayers was determined with a fluorescence spectrophotometer. Besides, the expression of the P-gp in cells exposed to the polymers was demonstrated using Western-blotting analysis. RESULTS Treatment of cells with Eudragit RL100 and L100 led to a very slight change while Eudragit S100 showed 61% increase in Rho-123 accumulation (P<0.001) and also reduced transporter expression. CONCLUSION Our studies suggest that using proper concentrations of the Eudragit S100 in drug formulation would improve intestinal permeability and absorption of p-gp substrate drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Mohammadzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center and School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center and School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Zakeri-Milani
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kadowaki M, Sugihara N, Tagashira T, Terao K, Furuno K. Presence or absence of a gallate moiety on catechins affects their cellular transport. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:1189-95. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.9.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The accumulation of (—)-epicatechin (EC), a non-gallate catechin, was significantly lower than that of (—)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), a gallate catechin, in Caco-2 cells. Using Caco-2 cell monolayers cultured in transwells, the transport of catechins in the basolateral-to-apical direction was much higher than that in the apical-to-basolateral direction, suggesting the involvement of an efflux transporter. Moreover, the results suggest that involvement of a transporter in EC efflux is greater than that for ECG. Treatment with transporter inhibitors MK571, quinidine or mitoxantrone, which inhibit MRP2, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and BCRP, respectively, led to an increase in the accumulation of EC into Caco-2 cells and a decrease in the Papp ratio (Papp B→A/Papp A→B) for EC. These transporters seemed to be involved in EC efflux. BCRP was not an efflux transporter for ECG, and the influences of MRP2 and P-gp on ECG efflux were lower than for EC. Thus, efflux transporters appear to be responsible for the difference in cellular accumulation of EC versus ECG, suggesting that the presence or absence of a gallate moiety in the catechin structure influences the transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Kadowaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Sanzou, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Narumi Sugihara
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Sanzou, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tagashira
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Sanzou, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazumi Terao
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Sanzou, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Furuno
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Sanzou, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan
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Inhibitory effect of flavonoids on the efflux of N-acetyl 5-aminosalicylic acid intracellularly formed in Caco-2 cells. J Biomed Biotechnol 2009; 2009:467489. [PMID: 19688110 PMCID: PMC2726441 DOI: 10.1155/2009/467489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetyl 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-AcASA) that was intracellularly formed from 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) at 200 microM was discharged 5.3, 7.1, and 8.1-fold higher into the apical site than into the basolateral site during 1, 2, and 4-hour incubations, respectively, in Caco-2 cells grown in Transwells. The addition of flavonols (100 microM) such as fisetin and quercetin with 5-ASA remarkably decreased the apically directed efflux of 5-AcASA. When 5-ASA (200 microM) was added to Caco-2 cells grown in tissue culture dishes, the formation of 5-AcASA decreased, and, in addition, the formed 5-AcASA was found to be accumulated within the cells in the presence of such flavonols. Thus, the decrease in 5-AcASA efflux by such flavonols was attributed not only to the inhibition of N-acetyl-conjugation of 5-ASA but to the predominant cellular accumulation of 5-AcASA. Various flavonoids also had both of the effects with potencies that depend on their specific structures. The essential structure of flavonoids was an absence of a hydroxyl substitution at the C5 position on the A-ring of flavone structure for the inhibitory effect on the N-acetyl-conjugation of 5-ASA, and a presence of hydroxyl substitutions at the C3' or C4' position on the B-ring of flavone structure for the promoting effect on the cellular accumulation of 5-AcASA. Both the decrease in 5-AcASA apical efflux and the increase in 5-AcASA cellular accumulation were also caused by MK571 and indomethacin, inhibitors of MRPs, but not by quinidine, cyclosporin A, P-glycoprotein inhibitors, and mitoxantrone, a BCRP substrate. These results suggest that certain flavonoids suppress the apical efflux of 5-AcASA possibly by inhibiting MRPs pumps located on apical membranes in Caco-2 cells.
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Pan WC, Chen RM, Shen YC, Chen CC, Ueng YF. Suppressive effect of tobacco smoke extracts on oral P-glycoprotein function and its impact in smoke-induced insult to oral epidermal cells. Toxicol Lett 2009; 185:116-23. [PMID: 19135510 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 11/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (Pgp) participates in the export of numerous toxins, drugs, and physiological compounds. To examine the involvement of Pgp in smoke-induced oral cell insult, the effects of extracts of the mainstream tobacco smoke (TS) on Pgp were studied in an oral epidermal carcinoma cell line, OECM-1. TS was first extracted with cyclohexane (CTS) and the residues were further extracted with isopropanol (ITS). For comparison, cells were exposed to CTS and ITS at the concentrations according to their relative extraction yield. ITS but not CTS decreased the efflux of a Pgp substrate, rhodamine (Rh) 123, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The efflux was also decreased by co-exposure to CTS and ITS. However, immunoblot analysis revealed that the protein level of Pgp was not affected by ITS. Naphthalene, mainly detected in the ITS, decreased Rh 123 efflux. However, the efflux activity was not affected by benzo(a)pyrene and nicotine, which were present in the CTS and both extracts, respectively. Co-exposure to CTS in combination with ITS, naphthalene, or verapamil enhanced cell insult compared to single exposure. These results demonstrated that smoke and its constituent, naphthalene, diminished Pgp-mediated efflux. The reduction in Pgp function could be a stimulatory factor of TS-induced oral cell insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chi Pan
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Shen YL, Jiang YG, Greenlee AR, Zhou LL, Liu LH. MicroRNA expression profiles and miR-10a target in anti-benzo[a] pyrene-7, 8-diol-9, 10-epoxide-transformed human 16HBE cells. BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES : BES 2009; 22:14-21. [PMID: 19462682 DOI: 10.1016/s0895-3988(09)60016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen miRNA profiles of malignantly transformed human bronchial epithelial cells, 16HBE-T, induced by anti-benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (anti-BPDE), and to analyze putative miR-10a targets in 16HBE-T. METHODS A novel microarray platform was employed to screen miRNA profiles of 16HBE-T cells transformed by anti-BPDE. Microarray data for miR-10a and miR-320 were validated using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). The expression of a putative target for miR-10a, HOXA1, was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and QRT-PCR. RESULTS In comparison with the vehicle-treated cells (16HBE-N), 16HBE-T exhibited differential expression of 54 miRNAs, in which, 45 were over-expressed and 9 were down-regulated. The five most highly expressed miRNAs were miR-494, miR-320, miR-498, miR-129, and miR-106a. The lowest expressed miRNAs were miR-10a, miR-493-5p, and miR-363*. Three members of miR-17-92 cluster, miR-17-5p, miR-20a, and miR-92, showed significantly higher abundance in 16BHE-T as miR-21, miR-141, miR-27a, miR-27b, miR-16 and miRNAs of the let-7 family. The putative target for miR-10a, HOXA1 mRNA was up-regulated 3-9-fold in 16HBE-T, as compared with 16HBE-N. CONCLUSION The findings of the study provide information on differentially expressed miRNA in malignant 16HBE-T, and also suggest a potential role of these miRNAs in cell transformation induced by anti-BPDE. HOXA1 is similarly up-regulated, suggesting that miR-10a is associated with the process of HOXA 1-mediated transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Lan Shen
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510182, Guangdong, China
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15
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Chen X, Zhou ZW, Xue CC, Li XX, Zhou SF. Role of P-glycoprotein in restricting the brain penetration of tanshinone IIA, a major active constituent from the root ofSalvia miltiorrhizaBunge, across the blood–brain barrier. Xenobiotica 2008; 37:635-78. [PMID: 17614009 DOI: 10.1080/00498250701411258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TSA) is a major constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge widely used in the treatment of stroke. This current study aimed to investigate the nature of brain penetration of TSA using several in vitro and in vivo models. The uptake and efflux of TSA in primary rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMVECs) were altered in the presence of a PgP inhibitor or multidrug-resistance-associated protein (Mrp1/2) inhibitor. A polarized transport of TSA was found in RBMVEC monolayers with facilitated efflux from the abluminal to the luminal side. The polarized transport of TSA was attenuated by PgP or Mrp1/2 inhibitors. In an in situ rat brain perfusion model, TSA crossed the blood-brain barrier at a greater rate than that for sucrose, and the brain penetration was increased in the presence of a PgP or Mrp1/2 inhibitor. The brain levels of TSA were only about 31% of that in the plasma and it increased to 74-77% of plasma levels when verapamil or quinidine was coadministered in rats. The entry of TSA to the central nervous system (CNS) significantly increased in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion or treatment with quinolinic acid. The normalized brain penetration of TSA in mdr1a((-/-)) mice was much higher than the wild-type mice. Taken collectively, these findings provide evidence that TSA has limited brain penetration through the blood-brain barrier owing to the contribution of PgP and possibly Mrp1/2.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/physiology
- Abietanes
- Animals
- Biological Transport/drug effects
- Biological Transport/physiology
- Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
- Brain/cytology
- Brain/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/physiology
- Phenanthrenes/chemistry
- Phenanthrenes/metabolism
- Phenanthrenes/pharmacokinetics
- Plant Roots/chemistry
- Quinidine/pharmacology
- Quinolinic Acid/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Salvia miltiorrhiza/chemistry
- Verapamil/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, China
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Vasiluk L, Pinto LJ, Tsang WS, Gobas FAPC, Eickhoff C, Moore MM. The uptake and metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene from a sample food substrate in an in vitro model of digestion. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 46:610-8. [PMID: 17959292 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Revised: 08/23/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Food ingestion is the major route of exposure to many hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). It has been proposed that food-bound HOCs may become bioavailable after their mobilization by gastrointestinal fluids. The purpose of this research was to measure the uptake efficiency of [(14)C]-BaP bound to skim milk powder using an in vitro model of gastrointestinal digestion followed by sorption to human enterocytes (Caco-2 cells). Neutralization of intestinal fluids released [(14)C]-BaP into the soluble fraction. Ageing of benzo[a]pyrene onto skim milk for 6 months significantly decreased the mobilized fraction but did not affect the amount of benzo[a]pyrene taken up into Caco-2 cells. Hence, significant differences in aqueous phase concentrations may not always be reflected in significant differences in uptake. We obtained evidence that the digestion/uptake of skim milk lipids is accompanied by the diffusive uptake of BaP (the fat flush hypothesis) as trans-cellular transfer of BaP was favoured in the apical to basolateral direction. These data support the theory that non-polar substances including HOCs are preferentially transferred from the lumen into the bloodstream and provide indirect evidence that the uptake is related to the fugacity gradient created by the unidirectional uptake of dietary lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luba Vasiluk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6
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Sugihara N, Toyama K, Okamoto T, Kadowaki M, Terao K, Furuno K. Effects of benzo(e)pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene on P-glycoprotein-mediated transport in Caco-2 cell monolayer: A comparative approach. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:827-34. [PMID: 17408918 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2006] [Revised: 02/03/2007] [Accepted: 02/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The previous studies from our laboratory reported that benzo(a)pyrene (Bap) influenced efflux transport of rhodamine 123 (Rho-123) by induction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in Caco-2 cells. The present study investigated whether induction of P-gp and the enhanced efflux transport of Rho-123 were caused by benzo(e)pyrene (Bep), which has a structure similar to Bap, but is not a carcinogenic compound. In Caco-2 monolayer exposed to 50 microM Bep for 72 h, the ratio of the apparent permeability coefficient (P(app)) of Rho-123 efflux increased significantly compared to that of the control monolayer. Similarly, a significant increase in expression of MDR1 mRNA and of P-gp at the protein level were detected by RT-PCR and by Western blot analysis, respectively, in Caco-2 cells exposed to Bep, compared to that of the control. Caco-2 cells exposed to Bep showed oxidative stress that was detected by fluorescence microscopy using aminophenyl fluorescein. However, the oxidative stress was weaker compared with that of Bap. The cellular GSH content was decreased to 80% or 59% of control cells, respectively, in Caco-2 cells exposed to either Bep or Bap. Our results further show that Bep or Bap-induced P-gp in Caco-2 cells might have been the result of oxidative stress rather than DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narumi Sugihara
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Sanzou, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
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