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From Nucleus to Organs: Insights of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314919. [PMID: 36499247 PMCID: PMC9738205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a markedly established regulator of a plethora of cellular and molecular processes. Its initial role in the detoxification of xenobiotic compounds has been partially overshadowed by its involvement in homeostatic and organ physiology processes. In fact, the discovery of its ability to bind specific target regulatory sequences has allowed for the understanding of how AHR modulates such processes. Thereby, AHR presents functions in transcriptional regulation, chromatin architecture modifications and participation in different key signaling pathways. Interestingly, such fields of influence end up affecting organ and tissue homeostasis, including regenerative response both to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Therefore, from classical spheres such as canonical transcriptional regulation in embryonic development, cell migration, differentiation or tumor progression to modern approaches in epigenetics, senescence, immune system or microbiome, this review covers all aspects derived from the balance between regulation/deregulation of AHR and its physio-pathological consequences.
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Alhamad DW, Bensreti H, Dorn J, Hill WD, Hamrick MW, McGee-Lawrence ME. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated signaling as a critical regulator of skeletal cell biology. J Mol Endocrinol 2022; 69:R109-R124. [PMID: 35900841 PMCID: PMC9448512 DOI: 10.1530/jme-22-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been implicated in regulating skeletal progenitor cells and the activity of bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts, thereby impacting bone mass and the risk of skeletal fractures. The AhR also plays an important role in the immune system within the skeletal niche and in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into other cell lineages including chondrocytes and adipocytes. This transcription factor responds to environmental pollutants which can act as AhR ligands, initiating or interfering with various signaling cascades to mediate downstream effects, and also responds to endogenous ligands including tryptophan metabolites. This review comprehensively describes the reported roles of the AhR in skeletal cell biology, focusing on mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, and discusses how AhR exhibits sexually dimorphic effects in bone. The molecular mechanisms mediating AhR's downstream effects are highlighted to emphasize the potential importance of targeting this signaling cascade in skeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dima W. Alhamad
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Husam Bensreti
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer Dorn
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - William D. Hill
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Thurmond/Gazes Bldg-Room 506A, 30 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29403 Charleston, SC, USA
- Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mark W. Hamrick
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Meghan E. McGee-Lawrence
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, USA
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Xu X, Zhang X, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Fares HM, Yang M, Wen Q, Taha R, Sun L. Species-Specific Differences in Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Responses: How and Why? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413293. [PMID: 34948089 PMCID: PMC8708342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that regulates a wide range of biological and toxicological effects by binding to specific ligands. AhR ligands exist in various internal and external ecological systems, such as in a wide variety of hydrophobic environmental contaminants and naturally occurring chemicals. Most of these ligands have shown differential responses among different species. Understanding the differences and their mechanisms helps in designing better experimental animal models, improves our understanding of the environmental toxicants related to AhR, and helps to screen and develop new drugs. This review systematically discusses the species differences in AhR activation effects and their modes of action. We focus on the species differences following AhR activation from two aspects: (1) the molecular configuration and activation of AhR and (2) the contrast of cis-acting elements corresponding to AhR. The variations in the responses seen in humans and other species following the activation of the AhR signaling pathway can be attributed to both factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Xu
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Xi Zhang
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Yuzhu Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Yongrui Zhao
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Hamza M. Fares
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Mengjiao Yang
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Qing Wen
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Reham Taha
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.X.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.F.); (M.Y.); (Q.W.); (R.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-151-9599-9925
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Iqbal K, Pierce SH, Kozai K, Dhakal P, Scott RL, Roby KF, Vyhlidal CA, Soares MJ. Evaluation of Placentation and the Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway in a Rat Model of Dioxin Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:117001. [PMID: 34747641 PMCID: PMC8574979 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our environment is replete with chemicals that can affect embryonic and extraembryonic development. Dioxins, such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), are compounds affecting development through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). OBJECTIVES The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of TCDD exposure on pregnancy and placentation and to evaluate roles for AHR and cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) in TCDD action. METHODS Actions of TCDD were examined in wild-type and genome-edited rat models. Placenta phenotyping was assessed using morphological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. RESULTS TCDD exposures were shown to result in placental adaptations and at higher doses, pregnancy termination. Deep intrauterine endovascular trophoblast cell invasion was a prominent placentation site adaptation to TCDD. TCDD-mediated placental adaptations were dependent upon maternal AHR signaling but not upon placental or fetal AHR signaling nor the presence of a prominent AHR target, CYP1A1. At the placentation site, TCDD activated AHR signaling within endothelial cells but not trophoblast cells. Immune and trophoblast cell behaviors at the uterine-placental interface were guided by the actions of TCDD on endothelial cells. DISCUSSION We identified an AHR regulatory pathway in rats activated by dioxin affecting uterine and trophoblast cell dynamics and the formation of the hemochorial placenta. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9256.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khursheed Iqbal
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KUMC, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Stephen H. Pierce
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KUMC, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Keisuke Kozai
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KUMC, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Pramod Dhakal
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KUMC, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Regan L. Scott
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KUMC, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Katherine F. Roby
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, KUMC, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Carrie A. Vyhlidal
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
- Center for Perinatal Research, Children’s Mercy Research Institute, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Michael J. Soares
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KUMC, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Center for Perinatal Research, Children’s Mercy Research Institute, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KUMC, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Hanano A, Shaban M, Murphy DJ. Functional involvement of caleosin/peroxygenase PdPXG4 in the accumulation of date palm leaf lipid droplets after exposure to dioxins. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 281:116966. [PMID: 33799204 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins are highly injurious environmental pollutants with proven toxicological effects on both animals and humans, but to date their effects on plants still need to be studied in detail. We identified a dioxin-inducible caleosin/peroxygenase isoform, PdPXG4, that is mostly expressed in leaves of date palm seedlings and exhibits a specific reductase activity towards the 13-hydroperoxide of C18:2 and C18:3 (HpODE and HpOTrE, respectively). After exposure to TCDD, lipid droplets (LDs) isolated from TCDD-exposed leaves were about 6.5-15.7-fold more active in metabolizing 13-HpOTrE compared with those isolated from non-exposed leaves. A characteristic spectrum of leaf dioxin-responsive oxylipins (LDROXYL) was detected in dioxin-exposed seedlings. Of particular importance, a group of these oxylipins, referred to as Class I, comprising six congeners of hydroxides fatty acids derived from C18:2 and C18:3, was exclusively found in leaves after exposure to TCDD. The TCDD-induced oxylipin pattern was confirmed in vitro using terbufos, a typical inhibitor towards the PdPXG4 peroxygenase activity. Of particular interest, the response of terbufos-pretreated protoplasts to TCDD was drastically reduced. Together, these findings suggest that PdPXG4 is implicated in the establishment of a dioxin-specific oxylipin signature in date palm leaves soon after their exposure to these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria.
| | - Mouhnad Shaban
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria.
| | - Denis J Murphy
- Genomics and Computational Biology Research Group, University of South Wales, NP7 7ET, United Kingdom.
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He Z, Liu X, Liu X, Cui L, Yuan Y, Zhang H, Chen Y, Tao Y, Yu Z. The role of MEG3 in the proliferation of palatal mesenchymal cells is related to the TGFβ/Smad pathway in TCDD inducing cleft palate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 419:115517. [PMID: 33812962 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cleft palate (CP) is a common birth defect with a high incidence of occurrence in humans. The 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a highly toxic halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, with a strong CP effect on mice. Increasing recent evidences have shown that long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in several diseases, including CP. However, there is a paucity of studies on the role of lncRNA MEG3 in the occurrence and development of TCDD-induced CP. In this study, the relationship between MEG3 and the proliferation of palatal mesenchymal cells and the underlying molecular mechanism were studied by establishing fetal CP with TCDD (64 μg/kg) in C57BL/6N mice. The results revealed that MEG3 was highly expressed during the critical period of CP formation and that the fetal mesenchymal proliferation was significantly inhibited at certain critical periods in the mice receiving TCDD. In addition, we noted a possibility of a crosstalk between MEG3 and the TGF-β/Smad pathway, such that the inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad pathway was induced by TCDD. Cumulatively, our study suggests that TCDD-induced CP may be caused by MEG3 inhibition of the proliferation of palatal mesenchymal cells involving the TGFβ/Smad pathway, which may provide a novel perspective to understand the pathogenesis of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong He
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - XinXin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaozhuan Liu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lingling Cui
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yangyang Yuan
- The third affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuchang Tao
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Furue M, Ishii Y, Tsukimori K, Tsuji G. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Dioxin-Related Health Hazards-Lessons from Yusho. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020708. [PMID: 33445793 PMCID: PMC7828254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poisoning by high concentrations of dioxin and its related compounds manifests variable toxic symptoms such as general malaise, chloracne, hyperpigmentation, sputum and cough, paresthesia or numbness of the extremities, hypertriglyceridemia, perinatal abnormalities, and elevated risks of cancer-related mortality. Such health hazards are observed in patients with Yusho (oil disease in Japanese) who had consumed rice bran oil highly contaminated with 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polychlorinated quaterphenyls in 1968. The blood concentrations of these congeners in patients with Yusho remain extremely elevated 50 years after onset. Dioxins exert their toxicity via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this review article, we discuss the pathogenic implication of AHR in dioxin-induced health hazards. We also mention the potential therapeutic use of herbal drugs targeting AHR and ROS in patients with Yusho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
| | - Yuji Ishii
- Division of Pharmaceutical Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Kiyomi Tsukimori
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatal Center, Fukuoka Children’s Hospital, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan;
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Akinola LK, Uzairu A, Shallangwa GA, Abechi SE. Theoretical study on endocrine disrupting effects of polychlorinated dibenzo‐
p
‐dioxins using molecular docking simulation. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:233-246. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.4039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukman K. Akinola
- Department of Chemistry Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria
- Department of Chemistry Bauchi State University Gadau Nigeria
| | - Adamu Uzairu
- Department of Chemistry Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria
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Johnson KJ, Passage J, Lin H, Sriram S, Budinsky RA. Dioxin male rat reproductive toxicity mode of action and relative potency of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran characterized by fetal pituitary and testis transcriptome profiling. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 93:146-162. [PMID: 32109520 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fetal rat exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) reduces epididymal sperm number involving altered pituitary-testicular hormonal signaling as the proposed mode-of-action (MOA). To evaluate this MOA and compare TCDD to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF), an in utero rat exposure and study was conducted. Endpoints included congener tissue levels and transcriptomes of maternal liver and fetal liver, testis, and pituitary. Decreased gonadotropin subunit mRNAs levels (Lhb and Fshb) and enriched signaling pathways including GNRH Signaling and Calcium Signaling were observed in fetal pituitary after TCDD (but not TCDF) exposure. TCDD (but not TCDF) decreased fetal testis cholesterologenic and steroidogenic pathway genes. TCDD tissue concentrations in dam liver, dam adipose, and whole fetus were approximately 3- to 6-fold higher than TCDF. These results support a MOA for dioxin-induced rat male reproductive toxicity involving key events in both the fetal pituitary (e.g., reduced gonadotropin production) and fetal testis (e.g., reduced Leydig cell cholesterologenesis and steroidogenesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamin J Johnson
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN, 46268, USA.
| | - Julie Passage
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN, 46268, USA.
| | - Hui Lin
- The Dow Chemical Company, Washington Street, 1803 Building, Midland, MI, 48674, USA.
| | - Shreedharan Sriram
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN, 46268, USA.
| | - Robert A Budinsky
- The Dow Chemical Company, Washington Street, 1803 Building, Midland, MI, 48674, USA.
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10
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Wang C, Zhai SN, Yuan XG, Zhang DW, Jiang H, Qiu L, Fu YX. Common differentially expressed proteins were found in mouse cleft palate models induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and retinoic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103270. [PMID: 31586870 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cleft palate(CP) is a widely studied congenital malformation. However, its etiology and pathogenesis still remain unclear. Proteins are fundamental molecules that participate in every biological process within cells. In this study, we established CP mouse models induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and retinoic acid (RA), using proteomics technology isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) to investigate the key proteins in the formation of CP. Pregnant mice were given a gavage of TCDD 28μg/kg or retinoic acid 80mg/kg of body weight or equivalent corn oil at gestational day 10.5(GD10.5) and sacrificed at GD 17.5. Foetal mice were recorded and collected for further detection. Western blot was performed to verify the iTRAQ results. Eventually, we obtained 18 common differentially expressed proteins in TCDD group and RA group compared with normal control, 17 up-regulated and 1 down-regulated. 14-3-3sigma and Annexin A1 were up-regulated in experimental groups at GD17.5, which was consistent with Western blot. We speculated that the common differentially expressed proteins might be one of the molecular mechanisms in the formation of cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000 PR China
| | - Sha-Na Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080 PR China
| | - Xin-Gang Yuan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, PR China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014 PR China
| | - Ding-Wen Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, PR China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014 PR China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, PR China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014 PR China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, PR China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014 PR China.
| | - Yue-Xian Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, PR China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014 PR China.
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11
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Comparative toxicoproteogenomics of mouse and rat liver identifies TCDD-resistance genes. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2961-2978. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Yoshioka W, Tohyama C. Mechanisms of Developmental Toxicity of Dioxins and Related Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E617. [PMID: 30708991 PMCID: PMC6387164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dioxins and related compounds induce morphological abnormalities in developing animals in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent manner. Here we review the studies in which 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is used as a prototypical compound to elucidate the pathogenesis of morphological abnormalities. TCDD-induced cleft palate in fetal mice involves a delay in palatogenesis and dissociation of fused palate shelves. TCDD-induced hydronephrosis, once considered to be caused by the anatomical obstruction of the ureter, is now separated into TCDD-induced obstructive and non-obstructive hydronephrosis, which develops during fetal and neonatal periods, respectively. In the latter, a prostaglandin E₂ synthesis pathway and urine concentration system are involved. TCDD-induced abnormal development of prostate involves agenesis of the ventral lobe. A suggested mechanism is that AhR activation in the urogenital sinus mesenchyme by TCDD modulates the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT)/β-catenin signaling cascade to interfere with budding from urogenital sinus epithelium. TCDD exposure to zebrafish embryos induces loss of epicardium progenitor cells and heart malformation. AHR2-dependent downregulation of Sox9b expression in cardiomyocytes is a suggested underlying mechanism. TCDD-induced craniofacial malformation in zebrafish is considered to result from the AHR2-dependent reduction in SRY-box 9b (SOX9b), probably partly via the noncoding RNA slincR, resulting in the underdevelopment of chondrocytes and cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Chiharu Tohyama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Tuomisto J. Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds: toxicity in humans and animals, sources, and behaviour in the environment. WIKIJOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.15347/wjm/2019.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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14
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Knutsen HK, Alexander J, Barregård L, Bignami M, Brüschweiler B, Ceccatelli S, Cottrill B, Dinovi M, Edler L, Grasl-Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Nebbia CS, Oswald IP, Petersen A, Rose M, Roudot AC, Schwerdtle T, Vleminckx C, Vollmer G, Wallace H, Fürst P, Håkansson H, Halldorsson T, Lundebye AK, Pohjanvirta R, Rylander L, Smith A, van Loveren H, Waalkens-Berendsen I, Zeilmaker M, Binaglia M, Gómez Ruiz JÁ, Horváth Z, Christoph E, Ciccolallo L, Ramos Bordajandi L, Steinkellner H, Hoogenboom LR. Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in feed and food. EFSA J 2018; 16:e05333. [PMID: 32625737 PMCID: PMC7009407 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and DL-PCBs in feed and food. The data from experimental animal and epidemiological studies were reviewed and it was decided to base the human risk assessment on effects observed in humans and to use animal data as supportive evidence. The critical effect was on semen quality, following pre- and postnatal exposure. The critical study showed a NOAEL of 7.0 pg WHO2005-TEQ/g fat in blood sampled at age 9 years based on PCDD/F-TEQs. No association was observed when including DL-PCB-TEQs. Using toxicokinetic modelling and taking into account the exposure from breastfeeding and a twofold higher intake during childhood, it was estimated that daily exposure in adolescents and adults should be below 0.25 pg TEQ/kg bw/day. The CONTAM Panel established a TWI of 2 pg TEQ/kg bw/week. With occurrence and consumption data from European countries, the mean and P95 intake of total TEQ by Adolescents, Adults, Elderly and Very Elderly varied between, respectively, 2.1 to 10.5, and 5.3 to 30.4 pg TEQ/kg bw/week, implying a considerable exceedance of the TWI. Toddlers and Other Children showed a higher exposure than older age groups, but this was accounted for when deriving the TWI. Exposure to PCDD/F-TEQ only was on average 2.4- and 2.7-fold lower for mean and P95 exposure than for total TEQ. PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs are transferred to milk and eggs, and accumulate in fatty tissues and liver. Transfer rates and bioconcentration factors were identified for various species. The CONTAM Panel was not able to identify reference values in most farm and companion animals with the exception of NOAELs for mink, chicken and some fish species. The estimated exposure from feed for these species does not imply a risk.
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Sadowska A, Nynca A, Ruszkowska M, Paukszto L, Myszczynski K, Orlowska K, Swigonska S, Molcan T, Jastrzebski JP, Ciereszko RE. Transcriptional profiling of porcine granulosa cells exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 178:368-377. [PMID: 28340459 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a toxic man-made chemical compound contaminating the environment. An exposure of living organisms to TCDD may result in numerous disorders, including reproductive pathologies. The aim of the current study was to examine the effects of TCDD on the transcriptome of porcine granulosa cell line AVG-16. By employing next-generation sequencing (NGS) we aimed to identify genes potentially involved in the mechanism of TCDD action and toxicity in porcine granulosa cells. The AVG-16 cells were treated with TCDD (100 nM) for 3, 12 or 24 h, and afterwards total cellular RNA was isolated and sequenced. In TCDD-treated cells we identified 141 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; padjusted < 0.05 and log2 fold change ≥1.0). The DEGs were assigned to GO term, covering biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components. Due to the large number of genes with altered expression, in the current study we analyzed only the genes involved in follicular growth, development and functioning. The obtained results showed that TCDD may affect ovarian follicle fate by influencing granulosa cell cycle, proliferation and DNA repair. The demonstrated over-time changes in the quantity and quality of genes being affected by TCDD treatment showed that the effects of TCDD on granulosa cells changed dramatically between 3-, 12- and 24-h of cell culture. This finding indicate that timing of gene expression measurement is critical for drawing correct conclusions on detailed relationships between the TCDD-affected genes and resulting intracellular processes. These conclusions have to be confirmed and extended by research involving proteomic and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sadowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Nynca
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Ruszkowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lukasz Paukszto
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Myszczynski
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karina Orlowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia Swigonska
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Molcan
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan P Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Renata E Ciereszko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
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Prokopec SD, Houlahan KE, Sun RX, Watson JD, Yao CQ, Lee J, P'ng C, Pang R, Wu AH, Chong LC, Smith AB, Harding NJ, Moffat ID, Lindén J, Lensu S, Okey AB, Pohjanvirta R, Boutros PC. Compendium of TCDD-mediated transcriptomic response datasets in mammalian model systems. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:78. [PMID: 28086803 PMCID: PMC5237151 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most potent congener of the dioxin class of environmental contaminants. Exposure to TCDD causes a wide range of toxic outcomes, ranging from chloracne to acute lethality. The severity of toxicity is highly dependent on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Binding of TCDD to the AHR leads to changes in transcription of numerous genes. Studies evaluating the transcriptional changes brought on by TCDD may provide valuable insight into the role of the AHR in human health and disease. We therefore compiled a collection of transcriptomic datasets that can be used to aid the scientific community in better understanding the transcriptional effects of ligand-activated AHR. Results Specifically, we have created a datasets package – TCDD.Transcriptomics – for the R statistical environment, consisting of 63 unique experiments comprising 377 samples, including various combinations of 3 species (human derived cell lines, mouse and rat), 4 tissue types (liver, kidney, white adipose tissue and hypothalamus) and a wide range of TCDD exposure times and doses. These datasets have been fully standardized using consistent preprocessing and annotation packages (available as of September 14, 2015). To demonstrate the utility of this R package, a subset of “AHR-core” genes were evaluated across the included datasets. Ahrr, Nqo1 and members of the Cyp family were significantly induced following exposure to TCDD across the studies as expected while Aldh3a1 was induced specifically in rat liver. Inmt was altered only in liver tissue and primarily by rat-AHR. Conclusions Analysis of the “AHR-core” genes demonstrates a continued need for studies surrounding the impact of AHR-activity on the transcriptome; genes believed to be consistently regulated by ligand-activated AHR show surprisingly little overlap across species and tissues. Until now, a comprehensive assessment of the transcriptome across these studies was challenging due to differences in array platforms, processing methods and annotation versions. We believe that this package, which is freely available for download (http://labs.oicr.on.ca/boutros-lab/tcdd-transcriptomics) will prove to be a highly beneficial resource to the scientific community evaluating the effects of TCDD exposure as well as the variety of functions of the AHR. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3446-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephenie D Prokopec
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Kathleen E Houlahan
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Ren X Sun
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - John D Watson
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Cindy Q Yao
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Jamie Lee
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Christine P'ng
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Renee Pang
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Alexander H Wu
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Lauren C Chong
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Ashley B Smith
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Nicholas J Harding
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Ivy D Moffat
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jere Lindén
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Lensu
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Allan B Okey
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raimo Pohjanvirta
- Laboratory of Toxicology, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Buser MC, Pohl HR. Windows of Sensitivity to Toxic Chemicals in the Development of Cleft Palates. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2015; 18:242-57. [PMID: 26503716 PMCID: PMC5642923 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2015.1068719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the most common birth defects worldwide. There is a genetic component to the development of these malformations, as well as evidence that environmental exposures and prescription drug use may exacerbate or even produce these manifestations. Thus, it is important to understand the underlying mechanisms and when these exposures affect development of the growing fetus. The purpose of this investigation was to critically review the available literature related to orofacial cleft formation following chemical exposure and identify specific time frames for windows of sensitivity. Further, an aim was to evaluate the potential for predicting effects in humans based on animal studies. Evidence indicates that chemical causes of cleft palate development are due to dose and timing of exposure, susceptibility of the species (i.e., the genetic makeup), and mechanism of action. Several studies demonstrated that dose is a crucial factor; however, some investigators argued that even more important than dose was timing of exposure. Data show that the window of sensitivity to environmental teratogens in the development of cleft palates is quite narrow and follows closely the window of palatogenesis in the fetus of any given species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Buser
- a Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry , U.S. Department of Health and Human Services , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - H R Pohl
- a Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry , U.S. Department of Health and Human Services , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
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18
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Houlahan KE, Prokopec SD, Sun RX, Moffat ID, Lindén J, Lensu S, Okey AB, Pohjanvirta R, Boutros PC. Transcriptional profiling of rat white adipose tissue response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 288:223-31. [PMID: 26232522 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins are environmental contaminants commonly produced as a by-product of industrial processes. The most potent of these, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin (TCDD), is highly lipophilic, leading to bioaccumulation. White adipose tissue (WAT) is a major site for energy storage, and is one of the organs in which TCDD accumulates. In laboratory animals, exposure to TCDD causes numerous metabolic abnormalities, including a wasting syndrome. We therefore investigated the molecular effects of TCDD exposure on WAT by profiling the transcriptomic response of WAT to 100μg/kg of TCDD at 1 or 4days in TCDD-sensitive Long-Evans (Turku/AB; L-E) rats. A comparative analysis was conducted simultaneously in identically treated TCDD-resistant Han/Wistar (Kuopio; H/W) rats one day after exposure to the same dose. We sought to identify transcriptomic changes coinciding with the onset of toxicity, while gaining additional insight into later responses. More transcriptional responses to TCDD were observed at 4days than at 1day post-exposure, suggesting WAT shows mostly secondary responses. Two classic AHR-regulated genes, Cyp1a1 and Nqo1, were significantly induced by TCDD in both strains, while several genes involved in the immune response, including Ms4a7 and F13a1 were altered in L-E rats alone. We compared genes affected by TCDD in rat WAT and human adipose cells, and observed little overlap. Interestingly, very few genes involved in lipid metabolism exhibited altered expression levels despite the pronounced lipid mobilization from peripheral fat pads by TCDD in L-E rats. Of these genes, the lipolysis-associated Lpin1 was induced slightly over 2-fold in L-E rat WAT on day 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Houlahan
- Informatics and Bio-Computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephenie D Prokopec
- Informatics and Bio-Computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ren X Sun
- Informatics and Bio-Computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ivy D Moffat
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jere Lindén
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Lensu
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Allan B Okey
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raimo Pohjanvirta
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Informatics and Bio-Computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Zalc A, Rattenbach R, Auradé F, Cadot B, Relaix F. Pax3 and Pax7 play essential safeguard functions against environmental stress-induced birth defects. Dev Cell 2015; 33:56-66. [PMID: 25800090 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental teratogenic pollutant leads to severe birth defects. However, the biological events underlying these developmental abnormalities remain undefined. Here, we report a molecular link between an environmental stress response pathway and key developmental genes during craniofacial development. Strikingly, mutant mice with impaired Pax3/7 function display severe craniofacial defects. We show that these are associated with an upregulation of the signaling pathway mediated by the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), the receptor to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), revealing a genetic interaction between Pax3 and AHR signaling. Activation of AHR signaling in Pax3-deficient embryos drives facial mesenchymal cells out of the cell cycle through the upregulation of p21 expression. Accordingly, inhibiting AHR activity rescues the cycling status of these cells and the facial closure of Pax3/7 mutants. Together, our findings demonstrate that the regulation of AHR signaling by Pax3/7 is required to protect against TCDD/AHR-mediated teratogenesis during craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Zalc
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Myology Research Center, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE 3617, Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM U955 IMRB, Team 10, 94000 Creteil, France; UPEC Paris Est-Creteil University, Faculty of Medicine, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Revital Rattenbach
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Myology Research Center, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE 3617, Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM U955 IMRB, Team 10, 94000 Creteil, France; UPEC Paris Est-Creteil University, Faculty of Medicine, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Frédéric Auradé
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Myology Research Center, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE 3617, Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Cadot
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Myology Research Center, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE 3617, Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Relaix
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Myology Research Center, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE 3617, Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM U955 IMRB, Team 10, 94000 Creteil, France; UPEC Paris Est-Creteil University, Faculty of Medicine, 94000 Creteil, France; Etablissement Français du Sang, 94017 Creteil, France; Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire d'Alfort, 94700 Maison-Alfort, France.
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de Jong E, van Beek L, Piersma AH. Comparison of osteoblast and cardiomyocyte differentiation in the embryonic stem cell test for predicting embryotoxicity in vivo. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 48:62-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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21
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Kennedy GD, Nukaya M, Moran SM, Glover E, Weinberg S, Balbo S, Hecht SS, Pitot HC, Drinkwater NR, Bradfield CA. Liver tumor promotion by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is dependent on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and TNF/IL-1 receptors. Toxicol Sci 2014; 140:135-43. [PMID: 24718703 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We set out to better understand the signal transduction pathways that mediate liver tumor promotion by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxn ("dioxin"). To this end, we first employed congenic mice homozygous for either the Ahr(b1) or Ahr(d) alleles (encoding an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) with high or low binding affinity for dioxin, respectively) and demonstrated that hepatocellular tumor promotion in response to dioxin segregated with the Ahr locus. Once we had genetic evidence for the importance of AHR signaling, we then asked if tumor promotion by dioxin was influenced by "interleukin-1 (IL-1)-like" inflammatory cytokines. The importance of this question arose from our earlier observation that aspects of the acute hepatocellular toxicity of dioxin are dependent upon IL1-like cytokine signaling. To address this issue, we employed a triple knock-out (TKO) mouse model with null alleles at the loci encoding the three relevant receptors for tumor necrosis factors α and β and IL-1α and IL-1β (i.e., null alleles at the Tnfrsf1a, Tnfrsf1b, and Il-1r1 loci). The observation that TKO mice were resistant to the tumor promoting effects of dioxin in liver suggests that inflammatory cytokines play an important step in dioxin mediated liver tumor promotion in the mouse. Collectively, these data support the idea that the mechanism of dioxin acute hepatotoxicity and its activity as a promoter in a mouse two stage liver cancer model may be similar, i.e., tumor promotion by dioxin, like acute hepatotoxicity, are mediated by the linked action of two receptor systems, the AHR and the receptors for the "IL-1-like" cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792
| | - Manabu Nukaya
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792
| | - Susan M Moran
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Edward Glover
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Samuel Weinberg
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Silvia Balbo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Henry C Pitot
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Norman R Drinkwater
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Christopher A Bradfield
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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Baker TR, Peterson RE, Heideman W. Early dioxin exposure causes toxic effects in adult zebrafish. Toxicol Sci 2013; 135:241-50. [PMID: 23811824 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure have been well documented in many vertebrate species. However, less is known about the consequences in adulthood from sublethal exposure during development. To address this, we exposed zebrafish to sublethal levels of TCDD (1h; 50 pg/ml), either in early embryogenesis (day 0) or during sexual determination (3 and 7 weeks), and assessed the effects later in adulthood. We found that exposure during embryogenesis produced few effects on the adults themselves but did affect the offspring of these fish: Malformations and increased mortality were observed in the subsequent generation. Zebrafish exposed during sexual development showed defects in the cranial and axial skeleton as adults. This was most clearly manifested as scoliosis caused by malformation of individual vertebrae. These fish also showed defects in reproduction, producing fewer eggs with lower fertilization success. Both males and females were affected, with males contributing to the decrease in egg release from the females and exposed females contributing to fertilization failure. TCDD exposure at 3 and 7 weeks produced feminization of the population. Surprisingly, part of this was due to the appearance of fish with clearly female bodies, yet carrying testes in place of ovaries. Our results show that exposures that produce little if any impact during development can cause severe consequences during adulthood and present a model for studying this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie R Baker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222, USA
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Wang J, Liu X, Li T, Liu C, Zhao Y. Increased hepatic Igf2 gene expression involves C/EBPβ in TCDD-induced teratogenesis in rats. Reprod Toxicol 2011; 32:313-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Huang L, Huang R, Ran XR, Liu HY, Zhang Y, Dai LJ, Li B. Three-generation experiment showed female C57BL/6J mice drink drainage canal water containing low level of TCDD-like activity causing high pup mortality. J Toxicol Sci 2011; 36:713-24. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Experimental Animal Research center, Guangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Ren Huang
- Experimental Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Ru Ran
- Department of Biotechnology, South China Agriculture University, China
| | - Han-Ying Liu
- Experimental Animal Research center, Guangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Experimental Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Dai
- Experimental Animal Research center, Guangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Bing Li
- Experimental Animal Research center, Guangzhou Medical College, China
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Imura H, Yamada T, Mishima K, Fujiwara K, Kawaki H, Hirata A, Sogawa N, Ueno T, Sugahara T. Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin suggests abnormal palate development after palatal fusion. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2010; 50:77-84. [PMID: 20156238 DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2010.00271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mouse embryos exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachloridedibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) develop cleft palates and hydronephrosis. Cleft palates occur after TCDD exposure due to contact and/or fusion failure. We investigated whether cleft palate can be induced by dissociation of the palatine process after fusion. Pregnant mice on gestational day (GD) 12 were randomly divided into two groups: one group was administered through gastric tubes one dose of olive oil (control group) and the other group was administered one dose of TCDD diluted with olive oil, both at a dose of 40 microg/kg body weight. Embryos were removed by cesarean section from pregnant mice during the palatal formation stage (GD 13-18) and the palatal form was observed using a stereoscopic microscope. In TCDD-exposed embryos, palatal fusion was observed on GD 14, 15 and 16 and the incidence of cleft palate was 100% on GD 18. Fusion rates were 17.5 +/- 15.2% and 12.4 +/- 11.8% on GD 15 and 16, respectively. Some palates from the TCDD-exposed mouse embryos showed clearly developed cleft palate after fusion of the lateral palatine processes during palatal formation. A mass of cells, which were chiefly epithelial in the fused palates was observed in the TCDD-exposed mouse embryos. A decrease in E-cadherin expression was observed in this mass of cells, indicating its involvement in the development of cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Imura
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
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26
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Wells PG, Lee CJJ, McCallum GP, Perstin J, Harper PA. Receptor- and reactive intermediate-mediated mechanisms of teratogenesis. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2010:131-162. [PMID: 20020262 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-00663-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Drugs and environmental chemicals can adversely alter the development of the fetus at critical periods during pregnancy, resulting in death, or in structural and functional birth defects in the surviving offspring. This process of teratogenesis may not be evident until a decade or more after birth. Postnatal functional abnormalities include deficits in brain function, a variety of metabolic diseases, and cancer. Due to the high degree of fetal cellular division and differentiation, and to differences from the adult in many biochemical pathways, the fetus is highly susceptible to teratogens, typically at low exposure levels that do not harm the mother. Insights into the mechanisms of teratogenesis come primarily from animal models and in vitro systems, and involve either receptor-mediated or reactive intermediate-mediated processes. Receptor-mediated mechanisms involving the reversible binding of xenobiotic substrates to a specific receptor are exemplified herein by the interaction of the environmental chemical 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or "dioxin") with the cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which translocates to the nucleus and, in association with other proteins, binds to AH-responsive elements (AHREs) in numerous genes, initiating changes in gene transcription that can perturb development. Alternatively, many xenobiotics are bioactivated by fetal enzymes like the cytochromes P450 (CYPs) and prostaglandin H synthases (PHSs) to highly unstable electrophilic or free radical reactive intermediates. Electrophilic reactive intermediates can covalently (irreversibly) bind to and alter the function of essential cellular macromolecules (proteins, DNA), causing developmental anomalies. Free radical reactive intermediates can enhance the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules and/or altered signal transduction. The teratogenicity of reactive intermediates is determined to a large extent by the balance among embryonic and fetal pathways of xenobiotic bioactivation, detoxification of the xenobiotic reactive intermediate, detoxification of ROS, and repair of oxidative macromolecular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Wells
- Division of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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27
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Flaveny CA, Perdew GH. Transgenic Humanized AHR Mouse Reveals Differences between Human and Mouse AHR Ligand Selectivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 1:119-123. [PMID: 20419055 DOI: 10.4255/mcpharmacol.09.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand activated transcription factor involved in xenobiotic metabolism. Most of the toxic effects of halogenated and non-halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HAHs and PAHs respectively) are mediated by the AHR. For the AHR, a number of intra and interspecies differences exist in terms of responsiveness to the prototypical AHR ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Interspecies differences in AHR ligand binding affinity has been shown to be linked to contrasting TCDD tolerance between species and among inbred strains of mice expressing different AHR alleles. Compared to the human AHR (hAHR), the mouse AHR(b) (mAHR(b)) has a ~10 fold higher affinity for typical AHR ligands. Using a transgenic humanized mouse model that expresses hAHR protein specifically in the liver, we have discovered that for certain ligands, such as indirubin, the hAHR exhibits higher relative ligand binding affinity and responsiveness compared to the mAHR(b). These findings may potentially influence the ongoing search for endogenous hAHR ligands and expand our understanding of the unique physiological role of the hAHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin A Flaveny
- Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis and the Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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28
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Kransler KM, McGarrigle BP, Swartz DD, Olson JR. Lung Development in the Holtzman Rat is Adversely Affected by Gestational Exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin. Toxicol Sci 2008; 107:498-511. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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29
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Anwar-Mohamed A, El-Kadi AOS. Down-regulation of the carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 1a1 by vanadium. Drug Metab Dispos 2008; 36:1819-27. [PMID: 18541696 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.108.021154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanadium (V(5+)), a heavy metal contaminant with important toxicological consequences, has received considerable attention as an anticancer agent, although the mechanisms remain unknown. As a first step to investigate these mechanisms, we examined the effect of V(5+) (as ammonium metavanadate, NH(4)VO(3)) on the expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-regulated gene: cytochrome P450 1a1 (Cyp1a1) at each step of the AhR signal transduction pathway, using Hepa 1c1c7 cells. Our results showed a significant reduction in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-mediated induction of Cyp1a1 mRNA, protein and activity levels after V(5+) treatments in a dose-dependent manner. Investigation of the effect of coexposure to V(5+) and TCDD at transcriptional levels revealed that V(5+) significantly inhibited TCDD-mediated induction of AhR-dependent luciferase reporter gene expression. Furthermore, despite not affecting the direct activation of the cytosolic AhR by TCDD and subsequently transforming it to a DNA-binding form, V(5+) inhibited the nuclear accumulation of liganded AhR and subsequent formation of the AhR/aryl hydrocarbon nuclear translocator (Arnt)/xenobiotic responsive element (XRE) complex. Importantly, the V(5+)-mediated inhibition of AhR/Arnt/XRE complex formation coincided with a significant decrease in ecto-ATPase activity. Looking at the post-transcriptional and post-translational effects of V(5+) on existing Cyp1a1 mRNA and protein levels, we showed that V(5+) did not affect Cyp1a1 mRNA or protein stability, thus eliminating possible role of V(5+) in modifying Cyp1a1 gene expression through these mechanisms. This study provides the first evidence that V(5+) down-regulates the expression of Cyp1a1 at the transcriptional level through an ATP-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Anwar-Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3126 Dentistry/Pharmacy Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Kransler KM, McGarrigle BP, Russell RJ, Olson JR. Effects of Helicobacter infection on developmental toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Holtzman rats. Lab Anim (NY) 2008; 37:171-5. [DOI: 10.1038/laban0408-171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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