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Zhang N, Qiu M, Yao S, Zhou H, Zhang H, Jia Y, Li X, Chen X, Li X, Zhou Y, Jiang Y. Circ0087385 promotes DNA damage in benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer development by upregulating CYP1A1. Toxicol Sci 2024; 198:221-232. [PMID: 38310363 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing environmental genotoxic chemicals have been shown to induce epigenetic alterations. However, the interaction between genetics and epigenetics in chemical carcinogenesis is still not fully understood. Here, we constructed an in vitro human lung carcinogenesis model (16HBE-T) by treating human bronchial epithelial cells with a typical significant carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). We identified a novel circular RNA, circ0087385, which was overexpressed in 16HBE-T and human lung cancer cell lines, as well as in lung cancer tissues and serum exosomes from lung cancer patients. The upregulated circ0087385 after exposure to BaP promoted DNA damage in the early stage of chemical carcinogenesis and affected the cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis of the malignantly transformed cells. Overexpression of circ0087385 enhanced the expression of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), which is crucial for metabolically activating BaP. Interfering with circ0087385 or CYP1A1 reduced the levels of ultimate carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) and BPDE-DNA adducts. Interfering with CYP1A1 partially reversed the DNA damage induced by high expression of circ0087385, as well as decreased the level of BPDE and BPDE-DNA adducts. These findings provide novel insights into the interaction between epigenetics and genetics in chemical carcinogenesis which are crucial for understanding the epigenetic and genetic toxicity of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Miaoyun Qiu
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Shuwei Yao
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Hanyu Zhou
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xintong Chen
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xun Li
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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Liu B, Xiao Y, Li H, Zhang AL, Meng LB, Feng L, Zhao ZH, Ni XC, Fan B, Zhang XY, Zhao SB, Liu YB. Identification and Verification of Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma via Bioinformatics and Neural Network Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6954793. [PMID: 32626756 PMCID: PMC7317307 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6954793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of kidney cancer, which represents the 9th most frequently diagnosed cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of occurrence and development of ccRCC is indistinct. Therefore, the research aims to identify the hub biomarkers of ccRCC using numerous bioinformatics tools and functional experiments. METHODS The public data was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the differently expressed genes (DEGs) between ccRCC and normal renal tissues were identified with GEO2R. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed, and hub genes were screened with cytoHubba. Then, ten ccRCC tumor samples and ten normal kidney tissues were obtained to verify the expression of hub genes with the RT-qPCR. Finally, the neural network model was constructed to verify the relationship among the genes. RESULTS A total of 251 DEGs and ten hub genes were identified. AURKB, CCNA2, TPX2, and NCAPG were highly expressed in ccRCC compared with renal tissue. With the increasing expression of AURKB, CCNA2, TPX2, and NCAPG, the pathological stage of ccRCC increased gradually (P < 0.05). Patients with high expression of AURKB, CCNA2, TPX2, and NCAPG have a poor overall survival. After the verification of RT-qPCR, the expression of hub genes was same as the public data. And there were strong correlations between the AURKB, CCNA2, TPX2, and NCAPG with the verification of the neural network model. CONCLUSION After the identification and verification, AURKB, CCNA2, TPX2, and NCAPG might be related to the occurrence and malignant progression of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, 050000, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Basic Medicine, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-li Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, 050000, China
| | - Ling-bing Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lu Feng
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-hong Zhao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, 050000, China
| | - Xiao-chen Ni
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, 050000, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, 050000, China
| | - Xiao-yu Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, 050000, China
| | - Shi-bin Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, 050000, China
| | - Yi-bo Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, 050000, China
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Targeting of TRX2 by miR-330-3p in melanoma inhibits proliferation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1020-1029. [PMID: 30257313 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is intended to identify the key gene from gene expression profile and validate its role and regulatory mechanism in melanoma. METHODS Gene expression profile of GSE3189 from GEO database was selected among which 7 are normal skin samples, 18 are benign skin lesion samples, and 45 are melanoma samples. The present study examined the 7 normal skin samples and the 45 melanoma samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between melanoma patients and health people were performed using Morpheus online tool. The 100 most differentially expressed genes (50 upregulated genes and 50 downregulated genes) were selected as hub genes. Then, expression levels and survival analysis of hub genes were conducted via GEPIA tool to choose target gene. The expression of target gene in melanoma cell lines was examined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The biological function of target gene on cell proliferation in melanoma was measured in vitro. The predicted target of target gene was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiment. The gene expression in clinical samples were determined by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH). The tumor formation study was conducted in vivo. RESULTS Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) was identified as key gene in melanoma. TPX2 could promote the proliferation of melanoma cells. The dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-330-3p targets TPX2. In rescue experiment, it was proved that miR-330-3p inhibits the proliferation of melanoma cells by negatively regulating the expression of TPX2. The results in vitro were also confirmed in vivo. miR-330-3p/TPX2 pathway expressed differently between melanoma patients and health people. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Inhibiting TPX2 by miR-330-3p suppresses the proliferation of melanoma cell lines. miR-330-3p/TPX2 pathway could be a potential therapeutic target in melanoma.
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Chen YC, Chen IS, Huang GJ, Kang CH, Wang KC, Tsao MJ, Pan HW. Targeting DTL induces cell cycle arrest and senescence and suppresses cell growth and colony formation through TPX2 inhibition in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:1601-1616. [PMID: 29606879 PMCID: PMC5868578 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s147453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has an increasing incidence and high mortality. Surgical operation is not a comprehensive strategy for liver cancer. Moreover, tolerating systemic chemotherapy is difficult for patients with HCC because hepatic function is often impaired due to underlying cirrhosis. Therefore, a comprehensive strategy for cancer treatment should be developed. DTL (Cdc10-dependent transcript 2) is a critical regulator of cell cycle progression and genomic stability. In our previous study, the upregulation of DTL expression in aggressive HCC correlated positively with tumor grade and poor patient survival. We hypothesize that targeting DTL may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for liver cancer. DTL small interference RNAs were used to knock down DTL protein expression. Methods A clonogenic assay, immunostaining, double thymidine block, imaging flow cytometry analysis, and a tumor spheroid formation assay were used to analyze the role of DTL in tumor cell growth, cell cycle progression, micronucleation, ploidy, and tumorigenicity. Results Our results demonstrated that targeting DTL reduced cell cycle regulators and chromosome segregation genes, resulting in increased cell micronucleation. DTL depletion inhibited liver cancer cell growth, increased senescence, and reduced tumorigenesis. DTL depletion resulted in the disruption of the mitotic proteins cyclin B, CDK1, securin, seprase, Aurora A, and Aurora B as well as the upregulation of the cell cycle arrest gene p21. A rescue assay indicated that DTL should be targeted through TPX2 downregulation for cancer cell growth inhibition. Moreover, DTL silencing inhibited the growth of patient-derived primary cultured HCC cells. Conclusion Our study results indicate that DTL is a potential novel target gene for treating liver cancer through liver cancer cell senescence induction. Furthermore, our results provide insights into molecular mechanisms for targeting DTL in liver cancer cells. The results also indicate several other starting points for future preclinical and clinical studies on liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chia Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Shu Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jin Huang
- Department of Pathology, National Chung Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Kang
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chiang Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Jen Tsao
- Department of General Surgery, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wei Pan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, Taiwan
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Wang Y, Jia Y, Yan L, Fu J, Hao M, Chen W, Yao B, Zhao P, Zhou Z. Clusterin and neuropilin-2 as potential biomarkers of tumor progression in benzo[a]pyrene-transformed 16HBE cells xenografted nude mouse model. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 275:145-151. [PMID: 28784314 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a ubiquitous environment contaminant and its exposure could increase incidence of human lung cancer. In order to confirm and compare potential biomarkers of BaP-induce carcinogenesis and tumor progression, time-dependent changes of clusterin (CLU) and neuropilin-2 (NRP2) levels were evaluated in sera of BaP-transformed 16HBE cell line T-16HBE-C1 cells xenografted nude mice. Performance of CLU and NRP2 on tissue classification and tumor progression forecast was also calculated. Levels of CLU and NRP2 were significant elevated in both culture supernatant of T-16HBE-C1 cells and sera of T-16HBE-C1 cells xenografted nude mice compared with control. CLU and NRP2 were both found positively stained in tumor tissue. CLU and NRP2 alone could well predicate tumor progression in nude mice and CLU appeared to be more sensitive than NRP2. When both of them combined, performance of predication would improve. In conclusion, CLU and NRP2 could serve as potential biomarkers of tumor progression in nude mice xenografted with T-16HBE-C1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yongrui Jia
- Medical and Healthy Analytical Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Lailai Yan
- Central Laboratory, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Juanling Fu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Mingmei Hao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Biyun Yao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Zongcan Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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Zhao P, Fu J, Yao B, Jia Y, Zhang H, Li X, Dong L, Gao Y, Liu W, Chen W, Zhou Z. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of benzo(a)pyrene-transformed 16HBE cells serum-free culture supernatant and xenografted nude mice sera. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 245:39-49. [PMID: 26748308 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To screen potential biomarkers of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced lung cancer, the proteomic profiles of BaP-transformed 16HBE cell line T-16HBE-C1 cells serum-free culture supernatant and xenografted nude mice sera were compared with those of 16HBE group by utilizing label-free quantitative proteomic strategy. By employing nano-LC-MS/MS technology followed by MaxQuant and Perseus processing, 489 differentially expressed proteins were identified between T-16HBE-C1 and 16HBE cells serum-free culture supernatant, and 49 significantly up-regulated proteins were identified in T-16HBE-C1 xenografted nude mice sera. Three proteins neuropilin-2 (NRP2), clusterin (CLU) and A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) were up-regulated in the serum-free culture supernatant of T-16HBE-C1 cells. These 3 human proteins were present in the sera of nude mice xenografted with T-16HBE-C1 cells, but were undetectable in mice xenografted with 16HBE cells. The proteomic results of NRP2 and AKAP12 were confirmed by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Moreover, the serum NRP2 levels were significantly elevated at the 4th day after tumor cell implantation and showed good positive correlation with tumor growth characterized by tumor volume. In conclusion, serum NRP2, CLU and AKAP12 could be potential biomarkers of BaP-induced lung cancer. The proteomic results will gain deeper insights into the mechanisms of BaP-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Juanling Fu
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Biyun Yao
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yongrui Jia
- Medical and Healthy Analytical Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Xuehui Li
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lisha Dong
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Wenli Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Zongcan Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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Cocchiola R, Grillo C, Altieri F, Chichiarelli S, Turano C, Eufemi M. Upregulation of TPX2 by STAT3: identification of a novel STAT3 binding site. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113096. [PMID: 25401333 PMCID: PMC4234655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
TPX2, a protein involved in mitosis, is considered a good marker for actively proliferating tissues, highly expressed in a number of cancer cells. We show the presence of high-affinity binding site for STAT3 in the 5'-flanking region of the Tpx2 gene, which is in vivo bound by activated STAT3. A specific STAT3 peptide inhibitor represses the expression of the Tpx2 gene and inhibits the binding of STAT3 to its consensus sequence in human cell lines where STAT3 is activated. These results indicate that activated STAT3 contributes to the over-expression of Tpx2 through the binding to an enhancer site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Cocchiola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Grillo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Fabio Altieri
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo Turano
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Liu HC, Zhang GH, Liu YH, Wang P, Ma JF, Su LS, Li SL, Zhang L, Liu JW. TPX2 siRNA regulates growth and invasion of esophageal cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:833-9. [PMID: 25239289 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Observe how specific small RNA interference (siRNA) aimed at TPX2 gene suppresses TPX2 gene expression in esophageal cancer EC9706 cells and the effect on esophageal cancer cell growth and invasion ability. METHODS Transfect TPX2 siRNA into EC9706 cells via lipofectamin 2000. The experiments were divided into three groups, a negative control, a blank control and an siRNA interference group (24h, 48h, 72h, 96h). We examined RNA and protein level alteration of the TPX2 gene after TPX2 siRNA transfection by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Detection of how TPX2 siRNA influences EC9706 cell proliferation was done by MTT, cell apoptosis monitored through Tunel assay, in vitro invasion ability via Boyden chamber and cell cycle change by flow cytometry. RESULTS After effective siRNA transfection, TPX2 mRNA and protein expression level in siRNA interference group were (0.31±0.08, 0.39±0.12),72h after transfection, significantly lower than blank control group (1.00±0.01) and negative control group (0.98±0.11), (F=71.182, t1=8.17, t2=7.90, P<0.05); MTT results demonstrated that cell growth and proliferation were inhibited and the inhibition rate was up to 35.4% (P<0.05) compared with the control group. TUNEL results indicated that cell apoptosis index in siRNA interference group was 18.28±0.35, higher than that in blank control group (4.07±0.26)and negative control group (4.13±0.22), (F=244.5, t1=60.61, t2=53.32, P<0.01). Boyden chamber results showed that the transmembrane cell number was 45.30±8.08 in siRNA interference group, less than blank control group (121.90±7.83), (F=122.46, t1=11.81, t2=10.47, P<0.01); besides, in siRNA interference group cell invasion inhibition rate was 71.42±9.12, higher than negative control group (5.65±3.55), (t=14.256, P<0.01). Flow cytometry results illustrated that more EC9706 cells went into apoptosis and cell cycle arrested in S phase. Similar results were obtained by in vivo transplantation, as TPX2 siRNA transfection significantly reduced tumor growth of the xenograft in nude mice. CONCLUSION siRNA could effectively inhibit the invasion and metastasis of EC9706 cells, promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and may become a new approach for treatment of esophageal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Chun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Gen-Hao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yu-Han Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jun-Fen Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Li-Sha Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jun-Wen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Neumayer G, Belzil C, Gruss OJ, Nguyen MD. TPX2: of spindle assembly, DNA damage response, and cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:3027-47. [PMID: 24556998 PMCID: PMC11114040 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
For more than 15 years, TPX2 has been studied as a factor critical for mitosis and spindle assembly. These functions of TPX2 are attributed to its Ran-regulated microtubule-associated protein properties and to its control of the Aurora A kinase. Overexpressed in cancers, TPX2 is being established as marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of malignancies. During interphase, TPX2 resides preferentially in the nucleus where its function had remained elusive until recently. The latest finding that TPX2 plays a role in amplification of the DNA damage response, combined with the characterization of TPX2 knockout mice, open new perspectives to understand the biology of this protein. This review provides an historic overview of the discovery of TPX2 and summarizes its cytoskeletal and signaling roles with relevance to cancer therapies. Finally, the review aims to reconcile discrepancies between the experimental and pathological effects of TPX2 overexpression and advances new roles for compartmentalized TPX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Neumayer
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada,
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Jiang P, Shen K, Wang X, Song H, Yue Y, Liu T. TPX2 regulates tumor growth in human cervical carcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:2347-51. [PMID: 24718984 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The targeting protein for the Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2), a microtubule-associated protein, has been utilized as a tool to evaluate, more precisely, the proliferative behavior of tumor cells. The abnormal expression of TPX2 in a variety of malignant tumor types has been reported, however less is known about its role in cervical cancer. In the present study, the association between TPX2 expression and the biological behavior of cervical cancer, was investigated. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of TPX2 in cervical cancer tissues. The inhibitory effect of TPX2-siRNA on the growth of SiHa human cervical carcinoma cells was studied in vitro. TPX2 expression was identified as significantly higher in cervical carcinoma compared with the control, normal cervical tissues. TPX2 siRNA transfected into SiHa cells induced apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. Similar results were obtained by in vivo transplantation, as TPX2 siRNA transfection significantly reduced tumor growth of the xenograft in nude mice. The results demonstrated that TPX2 is important in the regulation of tumor growth in cervical cancer and therefore may be a potential therapeutic target as a novel treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyue Jiang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Shen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Xuerui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Haiqin Song
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Pérez de Castro I, Malumbres M. Mitotic Stress and Chromosomal Instability in Cancer: The Case for TPX2. Genes Cancer 2013; 3:721-30. [PMID: 23634259 DOI: 10.1177/1947601912473306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle deregulation is a common motif in human cancer, and multiple therapeutic strategies are aimed to prevent tumor cell proliferation. Whereas most current therapies are designed to arrest cell cycle progression either in G1/S or in mitosis, new proposals include targeting the intrinsic chromosomal instability (CIN, an increased rate of gain or losses of chromosomes during cell division) or aneuploidy (a genomic composition that differs from diploid) that many tumor cells display. Why tumors cells are chromosomally unstable or aneuploid and what are the consequences of these alterations are not completely clear at present. Several mitotic regulators are overexpressed as a consequence of oncogenic alterations, and they are likely to alter the proper regulation of chromosome segregation in cancer cells. In this review, we propose the relevance of TPX2, a mitotic regulator involved in the formation of the mitotic spindle, in oncogene-induced mitotic stress. This protein, as well as its partner Aurora-A, is frequently overexpressed in human cancer, and its deregulation may participate not only in chromosome numeric aberrations but also in other forms of genomic instability in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Pérez de Castro
- Cell Division and Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Li L, Yang G, Ren C, Tanimoto R, Hirayama T, Wang J, Hawke D, Kim SM, Lee JS, Goltsov AA, Park S, Ittmann MM, Troncoso P, Thompson TC. Glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1 induces prostate cancer cell death through Hsc70-mediated suppression of AURKA and TPX2. Mol Oncol 2012; 7:484-96. [PMID: 23333597 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we report that expression of glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1 (GLIPR1) regulated numerous apoptotic, cell cycle, and spindle/centrosome assembly-related genes, including AURKA and TPX2, and induced apoptosis and/or mitotic catastrophe (MC) in prostate cancer (PCa) cells, including p53-mutated/deleted, androgen-insensitive metastatic PCa cells. Mechanistically, GLIPR1 interacts with heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70); this interaction is associated with SP1 and c-Myb destabilization and suppression of SP1- and c-Myb-mediated AURKA and TPX2 transcription. Inhibition of AURKA and TPX2 using siRNA mimicked enforced GLIPR1 expression in the induction of apoptosis and MC. Recombinant GLIPR1-ΔTM protein inhibited AURKA and TPX2 expression, induced apoptosis and MC, and suppressed orthotopic xenograft tumor growth. Our results define a novel GLIPR1-regulated signaling pathway that controls apoptosis and/or mitotic catastrophe in PCa cells and establishes the potential of this pathway for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Li
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Unit 18-3, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
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13
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Zhao P, Fu J, Yao B, Song Y, Mi L, Li Z, Shang L, Hao W, Zhou Z. In vitro malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells induced by benzo(a)pyrene. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 26:362-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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14
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Grover A, Singh R, Shandilya A, Priyandoko D, Agrawal V, Bisaria VS, Wadhwa R, Kaul SC, Sundar D. Ashwagandha derived withanone targets TPX2-Aurora A complex: computational and experimental evidence to its anticancer activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30890. [PMID: 22303466 PMCID: PMC3267739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is largely marked by genetic instability. Specific inhibition of individual proteins or signalling pathways that regulate genetic stability during cell division thus hold a great potential for cancer therapy. The Aurora A kinase is a Ser/Thr kinase that plays a critical role during mitosis and cytokinesis and is found upregulated in several cancer types. It is functionally regulated by its interactions with TPX2, a candidate oncogene. Aurora A inhibitors have been proposed as anticancer drugs that work by blocking its ATP binding site. This site is common to other kinases and hence these inhibitors lack specificity for Aurora A inhibition in particular, thus advocating the need of some alternative inhibition route. Previously, we identified TPX2 as a cellular target for withanone that selectively kill cancer cells. By computational approach, we found here that withanone binds to TPX2-Aurora A complex. In experiment, withanone treatment to cancer cells indeed resulted in dissociation of TPX2-Aurora A complex and disruption of mitotic spindle apparatus proposing this as a mechanism of the anticancer activity of withanone. From docking analysis, non-formation/disruption of the active TPX2-Aurora A association complex could be discerned. Our MD simulation results suggesting the thermodynamic and structural stability of TPX2-Aurora A in complex with withanone further substantiates the binding. We report a computational rationale of the ability of naturally occurring withanone to alter the kinase signalling pathway in an ATP-independent manner and experimental evidence in which withanone cause inactivation of the TPX2-Aurora A complex. The study demonstrated that TPX2-Aurora A complex is a target of withanone, a potential natural anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Grover
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Rumani Singh
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Central 4, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ashutosh Shandilya
- Supercomputing Facility for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Didik Priyandoko
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Central 4, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Vibhuti Agrawal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Virendra S. Bisaria
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Central 4, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sunil C. Kaul
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Central 4, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail: (SCK); (DS)
| | - Durai Sundar
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (SCK); (DS)
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Han Z, Yang Q, Liu B, Wu J, Li Y, Yang C, Jiang Y. MicroRNA-622 functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting K-Ras and enhancing the anticarcinogenic effect of resveratrol. Carcinogenesis 2011; 33:131-9. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgr226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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16
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Comparative proteomic analysis of anti-benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-transformed and normal human bronchial epithelial G0/G1 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 186:166-73. [PMID: 20416286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 04/03/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the proteomic profiling of anti-benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (anti-BPDE)-transformed human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE-C) and its parental cell line (16HBE) G0/G1 cells. Differential analysis of proteomic profiling indicated that 67 polypeptides were down-regulated and 77 polypeptides were up-regulated in 16HBE-C G0/G1 cells compared to 16HBE G0/G1 cells. Then 16 differentially expressed protein spots were analyzed with Q-TOF MS/MS. Of these spots, 3 down-regulated polypeptides were identified as sorcin, small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 precursor and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1, and 9 up-regulated polypeptides were identified as calmodulin, myosin light polypeptide 6, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), tumor protein D52 (TPD52), superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn], prohibitin, nuclear protein Hcc-1 and vimentin. These proteins are involved in cell proliferation, protein synthesis, signal transduction and carcinogenesis. Western blotting analysis verified the increased expression levels of PCNA and TPD52 in 16HBE-C G0/G1 cells. Based on the clues from proteomic analysis, the migration and invasion capabilities of 16HBE-C and 16HBE cells were tested. The results indicated that 16HBE-C cells showed much higher migration and invasion capabilities than 16HBE cells, and moreover, the suppression of TPD52 by RNAi resulted in significant decrease of migration and invasion capabilities of 16HBE-C cells. These results will be valuable for further investigating and understanding the mechanisms underlying BaP-induced carcinogenesis.
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