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Wijaya W, Suhaimi Z, Chua CX, Sunil RS, Kolundžija S, Rohaizat AMB, Azmi NBM, Hazrin-Chong NH, Lauro FM. Frequent pulse disturbances shape resistance and resilience in tropical marine microbial communities. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:55. [PMID: 37280348 PMCID: PMC10244338 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-023-00260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Johor Strait separates the island of Singapore from Peninsular Malaysia. A 1-kilometer causeway built in the early 1920s in the middle of the strait effectively blocks water flowing to/from either side, resulting in low water turnover rates and build-up of nutrients in the inner Strait. We have previously shown that short-term rather than seasonal environmental changes influence microbial community composition in the Johor Strait. Here, we present a temporally-intensive study that uncovers the factors keeping the microbial populations in check. We sampled the surface water at four sites in the inner Eastern Johor Strait every other day for two months, while measuring various water quality parameters, and analysed 16S amplicon sequences and flow-cytometric counts. We discovered that microbial community succession revolves around a common stable state resulting from frequent pulse disturbances. Among these, sporadic riverine freshwater input and regular tidal currents influence bottom-up controls including the availability of the limiting nutrient nitrogen and its biological release in readily available forms. From the top-down, marine viruses and predatory bacteria limit the proliferation of microbes in the water. Harmful algal blooms, which have been observed historically in these waters, may occur only when there are simultaneous gaps in the top-down and bottom-up controls. This study gains insight into complex interactions between multiple factors contributing to a low-resistance but high-resilience microbial community and speculate about rare events that could lead to the occurrence of an algal bloom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winona Wijaya
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zahirah Suhaimi
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Center for Southeast Asian Coastal Interactions, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Cherlyn Xin'Er Chua
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rohan Shawn Sunil
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sandra Kolundžija
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Norzarifah Binti Md Azmi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hazlin Hazrin-Chong
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Federico M Lauro
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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Serinicoccus kebangsaanensis sp. nov, a new bacterium isolated from the toxic diatom, Nitzschia navis-varingica. New Microbes New Infect 2022; 48:101005. [PMID: 36035744 PMCID: PMC9399161 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Serinicoccus kebangsaanensis sp. nov strain P2D13-UKM is a new species of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from a toxic diatom, Nitzschia navis-varingica. It is a halophilic aerobic, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, circular, and colonies with white colour. Based on the 16S rRNA gene, the closest species were Serinicoccus profundi MCCC 1A05965 strain 0714S6-1, 97.41%, and Serinicoccus hydrothermalis strain JLT9, 97.35%. This bacteria's predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15: 0 (30.1 %) and iso-C16: 0 (16.2 %). The polar lipids identified in this bacterium were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and an unknown glycolipid. The whole-genome sequence analysis of strain P2D13-UKM showed less than 85% similarity from other Serinicoccus species. The genomic DNA G + C content is 72.2 %. Here, we report the main characteristic of strain P2D13-UKM as a new species of bacteria according to its draft genome sequence, which was deposited in Gene Bank and is publicly available under the accession number VSLG00000000.
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Mohd-Din M, Hii KS, Abdul-Wahab MF, Mohamad SE, Gu H, Leaw CP, Lim PT. Spatial-temporal variability of microphytoplankton assemblages including harmful microalgae in a tropical semi-enclosed strait (Johor Strait, Malaysia). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 175:105589. [PMID: 35228143 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) were not new to the tropical semi-enclosed Johor Strait, with incident records that could trace back to the 1980s. HAB monitoring in the area, often, is reactive, focusing only on HAB taxa previously causing problems but neglecting potential emerging HABs. To develop datasets on HABs that can better inform and improve management practices, monitoring should expand to sample whole microphytoplankton communities. In this study, microphytoplankton community structure across the Strait was investigated. Abundances of microphytoplankton and a suite of in situ water parameters of temperatures, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen levels, macronutrients, and chlorophyll-a contents were collected at ten sites across the Strait at monthly intervals from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 48 genera (51 taxa) microphytoplankton were identified microscopically. Diatom was the most diverse group (32 genera), followed by dinophyte (15 genera). Bloom-forming species included diatoms Chaetoceros, Coscinodiscus, Eucampia, Pseudo-nitzschia, Rhizosolenia, Skeletonema, Thalassiosira, and dinophytes Blixaea quinquecornis and Scrippsiella. Diatom taxa that exhibit high in situ growth rates were predominant in the low-nutrient marine-influenced environment. Bloom-forming taxa including HAB taxa were found dominant in the environment with high nutrient levels and mesohaline, salinity-stratified conditions. This study provides valuable baseline data that could assist in monitoring and prediction of HABs in the Johor Strait and could be of reference to other similar tropical coastal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monaliza Mohd-Din
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310, Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Kieng Soon Hii
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310, Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Firdaus Abdul-Wahab
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Taiwan-Malaysia Innovation Center for Clean Water and Sustainable Energy (WISE Centre), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Shaza Eva Mohamad
- Department of Environmental and Green Technology (EGT), Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Haifeng Gu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen City, China
| | - Chui Pin Leaw
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310, Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Po Teen Lim
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310, Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Chai X, Li X, Hii KS, Zhang Q, Deng Q, Wan L, Zheng L, Lim PT, Tan SN, Mohd-Din M, Song C, Song L, Zhou Y, Cao X. Blooms of diatom and dinoflagellate associated with nutrient imbalance driven by cycling of nitrogen and phosphorus in anaerobic sediments in Johor Strait (Malaysia). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 169:105398. [PMID: 34171592 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coastal eutrophication is one of the pivotal factors driving occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs), whose underlying mechanism remained unclear. To better understand the nutrient regime triggering HABs and their formation process, the phytoplankton composition and its response to varying nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), physio-chemical parameters in water and sediment in Johor Strait in March 2019 were analyzed. Surface and sub-surface HABs were observed with the main causative species of Skeletonema, Chaetoceros and Karlodinium. The ecophysiological responses of Skeletonema to the low ambient N/P ratio such as secreting alkaline phosphatase, regulating cell morphology (volume; surface area/volume ratio) might play an important role in dominating the community. Anaerobic sediment iron-bound P release and simultaneous N removal by denitrification and anammox, shaped the stoichiometry of N and P in water column. The decrease of N/P ratio might shift the phytoplankton community into the dominance of HABs causative diatoms and dinoflagellates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China.
| | - Xiaowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Kieng Soon Hii
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Bachok, 16310, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Qinghui Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China.
| | - Lingling Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Lingling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Po Teen Lim
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Bachok, 16310, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Suh Nih Tan
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Bachok, 16310, Kelantan, Malaysia; Institute of Oceanography and Environment, University of Terengganu Malaysia, Malaysia; China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, 43900, Selangor Malaysia.
| | - Monaliza Mohd-Din
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Bachok, 16310, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Chunlei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Lirong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Yiyong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Xiuyun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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Bates SS, Hubbard KA, Lundholm N, Montresor M, Leaw CP. Pseudo-nitzschia, Nitzschia, and domoic acid: New research since 2011. HARMFUL ALGAE 2018; 79:3-43. [PMID: 30420013 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Some diatoms of the genera Pseudo-nitzschia and Nitzschia produce the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA), a compound that caused amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) in humans just over 30 years ago (December 1987) in eastern Canada. This review covers new information since two previous reviews in 2012. Nitzschia bizertensis was subsequently discovered to be toxigenic in Tunisian waters. The known distribution of N. navis-varingica has expanded from Vietnam to Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Australia. Furthermore, 15 new species (and one new variety) of Pseudo-nitzschia have been discovered, bringing the total to 52. Seven new species were found to produce DA, bringing the total of toxigenic species to 26. We list all Pseudo-nitzschia species, their ability to produce DA, and show their global distribution. A consequence of the extended distribution and increased number of toxigenic species worldwide is that DA is now found more pervasively in the food web, contaminating new marine organisms (especially marine mammals), affecting their physiology and disrupting ecosystems. Recent findings highlight how zooplankton grazers can induce DA production in Pseudo-nitzschia and how bacteria interact with Pseudo-nitzschia. Since 2012, new discoveries have been reported on physiological controls of Pseudo-nitzschia growth and DA production, its sexual reproduction, and infection by an oomycete parasitoid. Many advances are the result of applying molecular approaches to discovering new species, and to understanding the population genetic structure of Pseudo-nitzschia and mechanisms used to cope with iron limitation. The availability of genomes from three Pseudo-nitzschia species, coupled with a comparative transcriptomic approach, has allowed advances in our understanding of the sexual reproduction of Pseudo-nitzschia, its signaling pathways, its interactions with bacteria, and genes involved in iron and vitamin B12 and B7 metabolism. Although there have been no new confirmed cases of ASP since 1987 because of monitoring efforts, new blooms have occurred. A massive toxic Pseudo-nitzschia bloom affected the entire west coast of North America during 2015-2016, and was linked to a 'warm blob' of ocean water. Other smaller toxic blooms occurred in the Gulf of Mexico and east coast of North America. Knowledge gaps remain, including how and why DA and its isomers are produced, the world distribution of potentially toxigenic Nitzschia species, the prevalence of DA isomers, and molecular markers to discriminate between toxigenic and non-toxigenic species and to discover sexually reproducing populations in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Bates
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Centre, P.O. Box 5030, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1C 9B6, Canada.
| | - Katherine A Hubbard
- Fish and Wildlife Research Institute (FWRI), Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC), 100 Eighth Avenue SE, St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA; Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543 USA
| | - Nina Lundholm
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Sølvgade 83S, DK-1307 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Marina Montresor
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Chui Pin Leaw
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Ayaz F, Eker-Develi E, Sahin M. First report of Nitzschia navis-varingica in the Mediterranean Sea and growth stimulatory effects of Nitzschia navis-varingica, Chrysochromulina alifera and Heterocapsa pygmaea on different mammalian cell types. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:571-579. [PMID: 29808356 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A benthic diatom, Nitzschia navis-varingica was found for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea. Effects of this diatom species together with the haptophyte Chrysochromulina alifera and the dinoflagellate Heterocapsa pygmaea isolated from the northeastern Mediterranean Sea coast on prostate, breast cancer and fibroblast cell lines were investigated. Algal extracts did not exert any toxic effect on these cell lines and it had growth stimulatory impact on the cells without discrimination of cell type. Our results suggest potential use of these algal extracts in tissue repair and cell growth boosting additive in the diet of humans as well as animals. Moreover, these algal extracts have potential to be used as natural resource in the skin vitalizing creams of cosmetics industry and as wound healing agents in the atopic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Ayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Science, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Elif Eker-Develi
- Faculty of Education, Mersin University, Yenisehir, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Merve Sahin
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Science, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy, 33343, Mersin, Turkey
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Tan SN, Teng ST, Lim HC, Kotaki Y, Bates SS, Leaw CP, Lim PT. Diatom Nitzschia navis-varingica (Bacillariophyceae) and its domoic acid production from the mangrove environments of Malaysia. HARMFUL ALGAE 2016; 60:139-149. [PMID: 28073557 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of the toxic pennate diatom Nitzschia was investigated at four mangrove areas along the coastal brackish waters of Peninsular Malaysia. Eighty-two strains of N. navis-varingica were isolated and established, and their identity confirmed morphologically and molecularly. Frustule morphological characteristics of the strains examined are identical to previously identified N. navis-varingica, but with a sightly higher density of the number of areolae per 1μm (4-7 areolae). Both LSU and ITS rDNAs phylogenetic trees clustered all strains in the N. navis-varingica clade, with high sequence homogeneity in the LSU rDNA (0-0.3%), while the intraspecific divergences in the ITS2 data set reached up to 7.4%. Domoic acid (DA) and its geometrical isomers, isodomoic A (IA) and isodomoic B (IB), were detected in cultures of N. navis-varingica by FMOC-LC-FLD, and subsequently confirmed by LC-MS/MS, with selected ion monitoring (SIM) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) runs. DA contents ranged between 0.37 and 11.06pgcell-1. This study demonstrated that the toxigenic euryhaline diatom N. navis-varingica is widely distributed in Malaysian mangrove swamps, suggesting the risk of amnesic shellfish poisoning and the possibility of DA contamination in the mangrove-related fisheries products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suh Nih Tan
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sing Tung Teng
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Hong Chang Lim
- Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Johor Branch, 85000 Segamat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Yuichi Kotaki
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Stephen S Bates
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Centre, P. O. Box 5030, Moncton, New Brunswick E1C 9B6, Canada
| | - Chui Pin Leaw
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Po Teen Lim
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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