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He X, Lin T, Xie Y, Li J, Ge Y, Zhang S, Fan J. Backbone cyclization of Salmonella typhimurium diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase to enhance the activity and stability. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 218:106447. [PMID: 38369031 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase transforms D and L isomers of 2,3-diaminopropionate to pyruvate and ammonia. It catalyzes D- and l-serine less effectively. L-2,3-diaminopropionate is a precursor in the biosynthesis of oxalyl diaminopropionate as a neurotoxin in certain legume species. In this work, we cyclized the diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase from Salmonella typhimurium in vitro using the redox-responsive split intein, and identified that backbone cyclization afforded the enzyme with the improved activity, thermal stability and resistance to the exopeptidase proteolysis, different from effects of the incorporated sequence recognized by tobacco vein mottling virus protease at C-terminus. Using analyses of three fluorescent dyes including 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, and thioflavin T, the same amounts of the cyclic protein displayed less fluorescence than those of the linear protein upon the heat treatment. The cyclic enzyme displayed the enhanced activity in Escherichia coli cells using the designed novel reporter. In this system, d-serine was added to the culture and transported into the cytoplasm. It was transformed by pre-overexpression of the diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase, and untransformed d-serine was oxidized by the coproduced human d-amino acid oxidase to generate hydrogen peroxide. This oxidant is monitored by the HyPer indicator. The current results presented that the cyclized enzyme could be applied as a better candidate to block the neurotoxin biosynthesis in certain plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei He
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, PR China
| | - Tingting Lin
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China
| | - Yuying Xie
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China
| | - Jinjing Li
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Ge
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China
| | - Shuncheng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China
| | - Jun Fan
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China.
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Bimerew M, Gebremeskel T, Beletew B, Ayaliew W, Wodaje M, Ayalneh M. Prevalence of major depressive disorder and its associated factors among adult patients with neurolathyrism in Dawunt District, Ethiopia; 2022: community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:282. [PMID: 38627754 PMCID: PMC11020178 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the commonest mental disorders affecting more than 250 million people globally. Patients with chronic illnesses had higher risks for developing MDD than the general population. Neurolathyrism is a chronic illness characterized by lifelong incurable spastic paralysis of lower extremities; causing permanent disability. It is highly prevalent in Dawunt district, Ethiopia; with a point prevalence of 2.4%. Despite this, there were no previous studies assessing the prevalence of MDD among patients with neurolathyrism in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of MDD and to identify its associated factors among patients with neurolathyrism in Dawunt district, Ethiopia. METHODS A community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 samples in Dawunt district from February 01 to March 30/ 2021. Multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. The patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening tool was used to diagnose MDD. PHQ-9 is a standardized depression screening tool and a PHQ-9 score of ≥ 10 has a sensitivity and specificity of 88.0% [95% CI (83.0-92.0%)] and 85.0% [95% CI (82.0-88.0%)] for screening MDD. Data were collected by interview; entered to EpiData version 4.2.0; exported to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis; descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model were used; AOR with 95% CI was used to interpret the associations; and finally results were presented by texts, charts, graphs, and tables. RESULTS A total of 256 adult patients with neurolathyrism were participated; and the prevalence of MDD was found to be 38.7%. Being female [AOR = 3.00; 95% CI (1.15, 7.84)], living alone [AOR = 2.77; 95% CI (1.02-7.53)], being on neurolathyrism stage-3 [AOR = 3.22; 95% CI (1.09, 9.54)] or stage-4 [AOR = 4.00; 95% CI (1.28, 12.48)], stigma [AOR = 2.69; 95% CI (1.34, 5.39)], and lack of social/ family support [AOR = 3.61; 95% CI (1.80, 7.24)] were found to have statistically significant association with an increased odds of MDD; while regular exercise and ever formal counselling were found to have statistically significant association with a decreased odds of MDD. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MDD among neurolathyrism patients in Dawunt district was high. Lack of social support, stigma, not getting formal counselling, and not involving in regular exercise were modifiable risk factors. Therefore, social support, reducing stigma, formal counselling, and encouraging regular exercise might help to reduce the burden of MDD among neurolathyrism patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaku Bimerew
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
| | - Teshome Gebremeskel
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Beletew
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Wondye Ayaliew
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Wodaje
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Manay Ayalneh
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
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Bimerew M, Gebremeskel T, Beletew B, Ayalneh M, Ayaliew W, Wodaje M. Prevalence of Neurolathyrism and its associated factors in Grass pea cultivation areas of Dawunt District, North-eastern Ethiopia; 2022: a community based multilevel analysis. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:357. [PMID: 37798732 PMCID: PMC10552212 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03379-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurolathyrism is an upper motor neuron disorder characterized by spastic paraparesis, which is caused by the prolonged over-consumption of grass pea. It is a devastating disease with great impacts on physical, social, mental, and economical health. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of neurolathyrism and its associated factors in grass pea cultivation areas of Dawunt wereda. METHODS Community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from February 01- March 30, 2021 on 631 Households with a total of 3,350 individuals. Two-stage random sampling technique was used to select participants. Multilevel binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with neurolathyrism. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05; and AOR with 95% CI was used to interpret the results. RESULTS The household and population level prevalence of neurolathyrism in Dawunt district were 9.2% (7.2-11.7%) and 2.4% (2.0-2.3.0%) respectively. Age (AOR = 7.4 ( 2.6-20.6)), male sex (AOR = 7.8 (3.9, 15.4)), and marital status (AOR = 4.0 (1.3-12.8)) were the individual level variables; family size (AOR = 12.6 (3.0-52.8)), annual grass pea production (AOR = 5.0 (2.3-11.0)), ever feeding only grass pea (AOR = 8.8(3.5-22.2)), ever feeding immature seeds of grass pea (AOR = 6.28 (2.80, 14.08)), high grass pea to other cereals mixing ratio (> 3:1) (AOR = 6.1 (1.1, 33.5)) were the household level variables found to have significant association with neurolathyrism. CONCLUSION The prevalence of neurolathyrism was found to be high. Ever feeding only grass pea, Grass pea to other cereals mixing ratio (using ratio of 1:1 or more), and Ever feeding immature grass pea seeds were the modifiable risk factors for neurolathyrism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaku Bimerew
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
| | - Teshome Gebremeskel
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Beletew
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Manay Ayalneh
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Wondye Ayaliew
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Wodaje
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
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Ramya KR, Tripathi K, Pandey A, Barpete S, Gore PG, Raina AP, Khawar KM, Swain N, Sarker A. Rediscovering the Potential of Multifaceted Orphan Legume Grasspea- a Sustainable Resource With High Nutritional Values. Front Nutr 2022; 8:826208. [PMID: 35281763 PMCID: PMC8906286 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.826208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Lathyrus consists of more than 184 herbaceous annual and perennial species suitable for multifaceted sustainable food and feed production system in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. The grasspea is a promising source of protein nutrition. However, its potential is not being utilized fully due to the presence of neurotoxin content (β-N-oxalyl-l-α, β diaminopropionic acid, β-ODAP), a causal agent of non-reversible lower limbs paralysis. The high protein contents in seeds and leaves with ~90% digestibility make it sustainable super food to beat protein malnutrition in future. Therefore, it is desired to breed new grasspea cultivars with low β-ODAP contents. Limited research has been carried out to date about this feature. A draft genome sequence of grasspea has been recently published that is expected to play a vital role in breeding and identifying the genes responsible for biosynthesis pathway of β-ODAP contents in grasspea. Efforts to increase awareness about the importance of genus Lathyrus and detoxify β-ODAP in grasspea are desired and are in progress. Presently, in South Asia, systematic and dedicated efforts to support the farmers in the grasspea growing regions by disseminating low β-ODAP varieties has resulted in a considerable improvement in reducing the incidence of neurolathyrism. It is expected that the situation will improve further by mainstreaming grasspea cultivation by implementing different approaches such as the development and use of low β-ODAP varieties, strengthening government policies and improved detox methods. The present review provides insight into the multifaceted characteristics of sustainable nutritious grasspea in the global and Indian perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. R. Ramya
- Division of Plant Genetic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Kuldeep Tripathi
| | - Anjula Pandey
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Surendra Barpete
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas-Food Legume Research Platform, Amlaha, India
| | - Padmavati G. Gore
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Peshin Raina
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Khalid Mahmood Khawar
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nigamananda Swain
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas-Food Legume Research Platform, Amlaha, India
| | - Ashutosh Sarker
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas-Food Legume Research Platform, Amlaha, India
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Guta DD, Damene S, Assen M, Satyal P. Factors influencing household grass pea consumption and implication for lathyrism in Wollo Zone, Ethiopia. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Hussien FM, Dagnaw MM, Ahmed AY, Hassen HY. Lathyrism and Socioeconomic Disparities: A Neglected Public Health Problem in Northeast Ethiopia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 104:1889-1894. [PMID: 33684061 PMCID: PMC8103445 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Lathyrism is an incurable neurological disorder, resulting from excessive consumption of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), which clinically manifests as paralysis of lower limbs. Because of the high production of grass peas, a large number of people are expected to be affected by the disease in Northeast Ethiopia. However, there is no comprehensive study that quantified the magnitude of the problem. Therefore, in this study, we determined the prevalence of lathyrism and socioeconomic disparities in Northeast Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was used which used a quantitative method of data collection from January to February 2019. Data were collected from a total of 2,307 inhabitants in the study area using structured questionnaires. Lathyrism cases were identified using a case definition of symmetrical spastic leg weakness, and subacute or insidious onset, with no sensory deficit, and with a history of grass pea consumption before and at the onset of paralysis. The majority (56.8%) of participants were male, and 34.7% were aged 45 years or older. Overall, the prevalence of lathyrism was 5.5%, and it was higher in males (7.9%) than in females (2.5%). Moreover, the prevalence was higher among farmers (7.0%) than merchants (0.3%), very poor economic status (7.2%) than very rich (1.1%), who produced (9.6%) grass pea than not produced (0.9%), and those who used clay pottery (6.2%) than metal (4.8%) for cooking. The prevalence of lathyrism in Northeast Ethiopia is remarkably high. Therefore, we recommend lathyrism to be among the list of reportable health problems and incorporated in the national routine surveillance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foziya Mohammed Hussien
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | | | - Aragaw Yimer Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Hamid Yimam Hassen
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Sethi S, Yadav D, Snigdha S, Gupta A. Optimization of process parameters for extraction of protein isolates from Khesari dhal (Lathyrus sativus L). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Buta MB, Posten C, Emire SA, Meinhardt AK, Müller A, Greiner R. Effects of phytase-supplemented fermentation and household processing on the nutritional quality of Lathyrus sativus L. seeds. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05484. [PMID: 33241152 PMCID: PMC7672292 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is commonly consumed in cooked, fermented, and roasted forms in Ethiopia. However, the impacts of household processing practices on its nutrients, antinutrients, and toxic compounds have not been adequately studied. Therefore, the effects of household processing and fermentation in the presence and absence of a phytase on the contents of β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP), myo-inositol phosphates, crude protein, minerals and the in vitro bioaccessibility were investigated. Fermentation exhibited a significant decline in β-ODAP (13.0-62.0%) and phytate (7.3-90.5%) irrespective of the presence of phytase. Pressure and pan cooking after discarding the soaking water resulted in a 27.0 and 16.2% reduction in β-ODAP. A 30% reduction in phytate was observed during germination followed by roasting. In addition, germination resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in crude protein. Germination and germination followed by roasting resulted in the highest Fe bioaccessibilities (more than 25 fold higher compared to untreated samples) followed by pressure cooking and soaking. Processing also improved Zn bioaccessibilities by 50.0% (soaked seed without soaking water), 22.5% (soaked seed with soaking water), and 4.3% (germination). Thus, the processing technologies applied were capable of reducing the content of phytate (InsP6) and β-ODAP with a concomitant increase in mineral bioaccessibilities. Processing of grass peas could therefore contribute to their more widespread utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meseret Bekele Buta
- School of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Food Engineering, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, P.O.B: 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences III Bioprocess Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Department of Food Process Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O.B: 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Clemens Posten
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences III Bioprocess Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Shimelis Admassu Emire
- School of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Food Engineering, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, P.O.B: 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ann-Katrin Meinhardt
- Department of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexandra Müller
- Department of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ralf Greiner
- Department of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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What is the Difference between the Response of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) to Salinity and Drought Stress?—A Physiological Study. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10060833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of plant tolerance to osmotic and chemical stress is fundamental to maintaining high crop productivity. Soil drought often occurs in combination with physiological drought, which causes chemical stress due to high concentrations of ions. Hence, it is often assumed that the acclimatization of plants to salinity and drought follows the same mechanisms. Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a legume plant with extraordinary tolerance to severe drought and moderate salinity. The aim of the presented study was to compare acclimatization strategies of grass pea seedlings to osmotic (PEG) and chemical (NaCl) stress on a physiological level. Concentrations of NaCl and PEG were adjusted to create an osmotic potential of a medium at the level of 0.0, −0.45 and −0.65 MPa. The seedlings on the media with PEG were much smaller than those growing in the presence of NaCl, but had a significantly higher content percentage of dry weight. Moreover, the stressors triggered different accumulation patterns of phenolic compounds, soluble and insoluble sugars, proline and β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diamino propionic acid, as well as peroxidase and catalase activity. Our results showed that drought stress induced a resistance mechanism consisting of growth rate limitation in favor of osmotic adjustment, while salinity stress induced primarily the mechanisms of efficient compartmentation of harmful ions in the roots and shoots. Furthermore, our results indicated that grass pea plants differed in their response to drought and salinity from the very beginning of stress occurrence.
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Plants with neurotoxic potential in undernourished subjects. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2019; 175:631-640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Siruguri V. Journey from food toxins to food safety: Transition over a century in service of nation. Indian J Med Res 2018; 148:488-495. [PMID: 30666975 PMCID: PMC6366254 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1692_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first report of lathyrism in 1926, the ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) at Hyderabad, India, has made tremendous contributions in the field of food toxins/food safety for the benefit of the people. The present article highlights the Institute's work on various food toxins/foodborne diseases since its inception and discusses the important contributions made in the context of public health protection that formed the basis for several national policies on their prevention and control. The investigations on food toxins, in the initial decades, were limited to the description of lathyrism and its endemicity. Subsequently, the horizon was broadened to include the problem of mycotoxins and mycotoxicosis, which had received global attention and variety of other disease outbreaks investigations leading to total food safety transition in the forthcoming decades. Important contributions in epidemiological investigations, reproduction of the disease in experimental animals, surveillance and monitoring studies, development of methods for detection of food toxins and contaminants, evolving strategies for prevention and control and developing the concept of risk assessment and risk management for addressing food safety issues in the country are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanthi Siruguri
- Food Toxicology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
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Antioxidant Potential of Grass Pea Seeds from European Countries. Foods 2018; 7:foods7090142. [PMID: 30200463 PMCID: PMC6164006 DOI: 10.3390/foods7090142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds were extracted from seeds of 30 varieties of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) into 80% (v/v) methanol. The total phenolics compounds content of the extracts and their antioxidant activity were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, respectively. Total phenolic contents ranged from 1.88 to 7.12 mg/g extract and 20.3 to 70.3 mg/100 g seeds. The extracts and seeds were characterized using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values of 0.015–0.037 mmol Trolox/g extract and 0.158–0.372 mmol Trolox/100 g seeds, and FRAP values of 0.045–0.120 mmol Fe2+/g extract and 0.487–1.189 Fe2+/100 g seeds. The total phenolics content of grass pea extract was correlated with the results of the ABTS (r = 0.881) and FRAP (r = 0.781) assays. The same correlation was observed between the results of both assays (r = 0.842). Two derivatives of p-coumaric acid were the dominant phenolic compounds of the Derek cultivar of grass pea.
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