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Meléndez-Martínez D, Ortega-Hernández E, Reza-Zaldívar EE, Carbajal-Saucedo A, Arnaud-Franco G, Gatica-Colima A, Plenge-Tellechea LF, Antunes-Ricardo M, Jacobo-Velázquez DA, Mayolo-Deloisa K, Lozano O, Rito-Palomares M, Benavides J. Bioprospection of rattlesnake venom peptide fractions with anti-adipose and anti-insulin resistance activity in vitro. Toxicon X 2024; 24:100209. [PMID: 39398348 PMCID: PMC11471244 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2024.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal venoms are natural products that have served as a source of novel molecules that have inspired novel drugs for several diseases, including for metabolic diseases such as type-2 diabetes and obesity. From venoms, toxins such as exendin-4 (Heloderma suspectum) and crotamine (Crotalus durissus terrificus) have demonstrated their potential as treatments for obesity. Moreover, other toxins such as Phospholipases A2 and Disintegrins have shown their potential to modulate insulin secretion in vitro. This suggests an unexplored diversity of venom peptides with a potential anti-obesogenic in Mexican rattlesnake venoms. For that reason, this study explored the in vitro effect of Crotalus venom peptide-rich fractions on models for insulin resistance, adipocyte lipid accumulation, antioxidant activity, and inflammation process through nitric oxide production inhibition. Our results demonstrated that the peptide-rich fractions of C. aquilus, C. ravus, and C. scutulatus scutulatus were capable of reverting insulin resistance, enhancing glucose consumption to normal control; C. culminatus, C. molossus oaxacus, and C. polystictus diminished the lipid accumulation on adipocytes by 20%; C. aquilus, C. ravus, and C. s. salvini had the most significant cellular antioxidant activity, having nearly 80% of ROS inhibition. C. aquilus, C. pyrrhus, and C. s. salvini inhibited nitric oxide production by about 85%. We demonstrated the potential of these peptides from Crotalus venoms to develop novel drugs to treat type-2 diabetes and obesity. Moreover, we described for the first time that Crotalus venom peptide fractions have antioxidant and inflammatory properties in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Meléndez-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Erika Ortega-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Edwin Estefan Reza-Zaldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan, 45201, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan, 45201, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Carbajal-Saucedo
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Herpetología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, C.P. 66450, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Arnaud-Franco
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S, 23090, Mexico
| | - Ana Gatica-Colima
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez, Chih, 32310, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernando Plenge-Tellechea
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez, Chih, 32310, Mexico
| | - Marilena Antunes-Ricardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Karla Mayolo-Deloisa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Omar Lozano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000 Pte, C.P. 64460, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Marco Rito-Palomares
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000 Pte, C.P. 64460, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Jorge Benavides
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur 2501, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
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Guo X, Fu Y, Peng J, Fu Y, Dong S, Ding RB, Qi X, Bao J. Emerging anticancer potential and mechanisms of snake venom toxins: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131990. [PMID: 38704067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Animal-derived venom, like snake venom, has been proven to be valuable natural resources for the drug development. Previously, snake venom was mainly investigated in its pharmacological activities in regulating coagulation, vasodilation, and cardiovascular function, and several marketed cardiovascular drugs were successfully developed from snake venom. In recent years, snake venom fractions have been demonstrated with anticancer properties of inducing apoptotic and autophagic cell death, restraining proliferation, suppressing angiogenesis, inhibiting cell adhesion and migration, improving immunity, and so on. A number of active anticancer enzymes and peptides have been identified from snake venom toxins, such as L-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), metalloproteinases (MPs), three-finger toxins (3FTxs), serine proteinases (SPs), disintegrins, C-type lectin-like proteins (CTLPs), cell-penetrating peptides, cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs). In this review, we focus on summarizing these snake venom-derived anticancer components on their anticancer activities and underlying mechanisms. We will also discuss their potential to be developed as anticancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuanfeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Junbo Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ren-Bo Ding
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Xingzhu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jiaolin Bao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
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Kolvekar N, Bhattacharya N, Mondal S, Sarkar A, Chakrabarty D. Daboialipase, a phospholipase A 2 from Vipera russelli russelli venom posesses anti-platelet, anti-thrombin and anti-cancer properties. Toxicon 2024; 239:107632. [PMID: 38310691 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Snake venoms are known to contain toxins capable of interfering with normal physiological processes of victims. Specificity of toxins from snake venoms give scope to identify new molecules with therapeutic action and/or help to understand different cellular mechanisms. Russell's viper venom (RVV) is a mixture of many bioactive molecules with enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins. The present article describes Daboialipase (DLP), an enzymatic phospholipase A2 with molecular mass of 14.3 kDa isolated from RVV. DLP was obtained after cation exchange chromatography followed by size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC). The isolated DLP presented strong inhibition of adenosine di-phosphate (ADP) and collagen induced platelet aggregation. It also showed anti-thrombin properties by significantly extending thrombin time in human blood samples. Trypan blue and resazurin cell viability assays confirmed time-dependent cytotoxic and cytostatic activities of DLP on MCF7 breast cancer cells, in vitro. DLP caused morphological changes and nuclear damage in MCF7 cells. However, DLP did not cause cytotoxic effects on non-cancer HaCaT cells. Peptide sequences of DLP obtained by O-HRLCMS analysis showed similarity with a previously reported PLA2 (Uniprot ID: PA2B_DABRR/PDB ID: 1VIP_A). An active Asp at 49th position, calcium ion binding site and anticoagulant activity sites were identified in 1 VIP_A. These findings are expected to contribute to designing new anti-platelet, anticoagulant and anti-cancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Kolvekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, 403726, India
| | - Navodipa Bhattacharya
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, 403726, India
| | - Sukanta Mondal
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, 403726, India
| | - Angshuman Sarkar
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, 403726, India
| | - Dibakar Chakrabarty
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, 403726, India.
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Franco-Vásquez AM, Lazcano-Pérez F, Mejía-Sánchez MA, Corzo G, Zamudio F, Carbajal-Saucedo A, Román-González SA, Gómez-Manzo S, Arreguín-Espinosa R. Structural, biochemical and immunochemical characterization of an acidic phospholipase A2 from Lachesis acrochorda (Viperidae: Crotalinae) venom. Toxicon 2024; 237:107528. [PMID: 38013057 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Viperids of the genus Lachesis, also known as bushmasters, are capable of injecting great amounts of venom that cause severe envenomation incidents. Since phospholipases type A2 are mainly involved in edema and myonecrosis within the snakebite sites, in this work, the isolation, amino acid sequence and biochemical characterization of the first phospholipase type A2 from the venom of Lachesis acrochorda, named Lacro_PLA2, is described. Lacro_PLA2 is an acidic aspartic 49 calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 with 93% similarity to the L. stenophrys phospholipase. Lacro_PLA2 has a molecular mass of 13,969.7 Da and an experimental isoelectric point around 5.3. A combination of N-terminal Edman degradation and MS/MS spectrometry analyses revealed that Lacro_PLA2 contains 122 residues including 14 cysteines that form 7 disulfide bridges. A predicted 3D model shows a high resemblance to other viperid phospholipases. Nevertheless, immunochemical and phospholipase neutralization tests revealed a notorious level of immunorecognition of the isolated protein by two polyclonal antibodies from viperids from different genus, which suggest that Lacro_PLA2 resembles more to bothropic phospholipases. Lacro_PLA2 also showed significantly high edema activity when was injected into mice; so, it could be an alternative antigen in the development of antibodies against toxins of this group of viperids, seeking to improve commercial polyclonal antivenoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Marcelo Franco-Vásquez
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Fernando Lazcano-Pérez
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Mejía-Sánchez
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, 2001, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca, 62210, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Corzo
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, 2001, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca, 62210, Mexico
| | - Fernando Zamudio
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, 2001, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca, 62210, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Carbajal-Saucedo
- Laboratorio de Herpetología. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Sergio Agustín Román-González
- Unidad de Proteómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Periférico Sur 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, 14610, Mexico
| | - Saúl Gómez-Manzo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico
| | - Roberto Arreguín-Espinosa
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
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Abstract
The deleterious consequences of snake envenomation are due to the extreme protein complexity of snake venoms. Therefore, the identification of their components is crucial for understanding the clinical manifestations of envenomation pathophysiology and for the development of effective antivenoms. In addition, snake venoms are considered as libraries of bioactive molecules that can be used to develop innovative drugs. Numerous separation and analytical techniques are combined to study snake venom composition including chromatographic techniques such as size exclusion and RP-HPLC and electrophoretic techniques. Herein, we present in detail these existing techniques and their applications in snake venom research. In the first part, we discuss the different possible technical combinations that could be used to isolate and purify SV proteins using what is known as bioassay-guided fractionation. In the second part, we describe four different proteomic strategies that could be applied for venomics studies to evaluate whole venom composition, including the mostly used technique: RP-HPLC. Eventually, we show that to date, there is no standard technique used for the separation of all snake venoms. Thus, different combinations might be developed, taking into consideration the main objective of the study, the available resources, and the properties of the target molecules to be isolated.
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