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Xu Z, Ma X, He F, Lu M, Zhang J, Wang S, Dong P, Zhao C. In situ generated iron oxide nanosheet on iron foam electrode for enhanced electro-Fenton performance toward pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133193. [PMID: 38103298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Electro-Fenton (EF) is considered to be an effective technology for the purification of organic wastewater containing antibiotics, but the construction of accessible and efficient heterogeneous EF catalytic materials still faces challenges. In this study, an iron foam-derived electrode (FeOx/if-400) was prepared by a simple method (chemical oxidation combined heat treatment). The fabricated electrode presented great EF degradation efficiency under wide pH range (almost completely removing 50 mg L-1 TNZ within 60 min) and maintained great stability after consecutive operation (>95% removal after six cycles). Also, the FeOx/if-400 electrode showed good purification ability for pharmaceutical wastewater as evaluated by the quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. Based on experimental results, characterization analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the EF reaction mechanism of FeOx/if-400 electrode and the organics degradation pathways in simulated and real matrices were proposed. Significantly, the biotoxicity assessment of the degradation intermediate products was revealed by ECOSAR software and relative inhibition of E. coli, which fully proved the environmental friendliness of the EF process by the FeOx/if-400 cathode. This work provides a green and effective EF system, showing a promising application potential in the field of organic wastewater treatment containing antibiotic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Fengting He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Mingjie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Shuaijun Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Pei Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China.
| | - Chaocheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China.
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2
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Masoudinia S, Samadizadeh M, Safavi M, Bijanzadeh HR, Foroumadi A. Novel quinazolines bearing 1,3,4-thiadiazole-aryl urea derivative as anticancer agents: design, synthesis, molecular docking, DFT and bioactivity evaluations. BMC Chem 2024; 18:30. [PMID: 38347613 PMCID: PMC10863284 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 1-(5-((6-nitroquinazoline-4-yl)thio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-3-phenylurea derivatives 8 were designed and synthesized to evaluate their cytotoxic potencies. The structures of these obtained compounds were thoroughly characterized by IR, 1H, and 13C NMR, MASS spectroscopy and elemental analysis methods. Additionally, their in vitro anticancer activities were investigated using the MTT assay against A549 (human lung cancer), MDA-MB231 (human triple-negative breast cancer), and MCF7 (human hormone-dependent breast cancer). Etoposide was used as a reference marketed drug for comparison. Among the compounds tested, compounds 8b and 8c demonstrated acceptable antiproliferative activity, particularly against MCF7 cells. Considering the potential VEGFR-2 inhibitor potency of these compounds, a molecular docking study was performed for the most potent compound, 8c, to determine its probable interactions. Furthermore, computational investigations, including molecular dynamics, frontier molecular orbital analysis, Fukui reactivity descriptor, electrostatic potential surface, and in silico ADME evaluation for all compounds were performed to illustrate the structure-activity relationship (SAR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Masoudinia
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjaneh Samadizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Bijanzadeh
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Xu A, Liu W, Chu L, Zhang Y, He Y, Zhang Y. Enhancement of E-Peroxone process with waste-tire carbon composite cathode for tinidazole degradation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:3357-3369. [PMID: 35771051 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The cathode is the key component in the electro-peroxone process (E-Peroxone), which is popularly constructed with carbon materials. This study developed an innovative method to fabricate a cathode with waste-tire carbon (WTC) whose performance was evaluated for the degradation of tinidazole (TNZ), an antibiotic frequently detected in water. It was found that the addition of WTC in the cathode can significantly promote the yield of H2O2 and the current efficiency: around 2.7 times that of commercial carbon black at the same loading. The critical influencing factors were studied, including the current density, ozone concentration, initial pH value, chlorine ions and initial TNZ concentration. The scavenger tests demonstrated the possible involvement of •OH and O2•-. Some transformation products of TNZ were identified with UPLC-MS and the degradation pathway was proposed accordingly. These results demonstrated the potential of WTC for developing E-Peroxone cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anlin Xu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China E-mail:
| | - Wanqun Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China E-mail:
| | - Leping Chu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China E-mail:
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China E-mail:
| | - Yide He
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China E-mail:
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China E-mail:
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4
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Functionalized Nitroimidazole Scaffold Construction and Their Pharmaceutical Applications: A 1950–2021 Comprehensive Overview. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050561. [PMID: 35631389 PMCID: PMC9144801 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitroimidazole represents one of the most essential and unique scaffolds in drug discovery since its discovery in the 1950s. It was K. Maeda in Japan who reported in 1953 the first nitroimidazole as a natural product from Nocardia mesenterica with antibacterial activity, which was later identified as Azomycin 1 (2-nitroimidazole) and remained in focus until now. This natural antibiotic was the starting point for synthesizing numerous analogs and regio-isomers, leading to several life-saving drugs and clinical candidates against a number of diseases, including infections (bacterial, viral, parasitic) and cancers, as well as imaging agents in medicine/diagnosis. In the present decade, the nitroimidazole scaffold has again been given two life-saving drugs (Delamanid and Pretomanid) used to treat MDR (multi-drug resistant) tuberculosis. Keeping in view the highly successful track-record of the nitroimidazole scaffold in providing breakthrough therapeutic drugs, this comprehensive review focuses explicitly on presenting the activity profile and synthetic chemistry of functionalized nitroimidazole (2-, 4- and 5-nitroimidazoles as well as the fused nitroimidazoles) based drugs and leads published from 1950 to 2021. The present review also presents the miscellaneous examples in each class. In addition, the mutagenic profile of nitroimidazole-based drugs and leads and derivatives is also discussed.
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5
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Wang H, Feng X, Bo X, Zhou M, Guo L. Nickel‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework/Crosslinked Tubular Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Composite as an Electrocatalyst for the Detection of Gallic Acid and Tinidazole. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Xiaogeng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Xiangjie Bo
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Liping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
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6
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Manjusha P, Prasana JC, Muthu S, Rizwana BF. Spectroscopic elucidation (FT-IR, FT-Raman and UV-visible) with NBO, NLO, ELF, LOL, drug likeness and molecular docking analysis on 1-(2-ethylsulfonylethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole: An antiprotozoal agent. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 88:107330. [PMID: 32711354 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
1-(2-ethylsulfonylethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole (1EMI) C8H13N3O4S also known as Tinidazole, selected for its antiprotozoal property is extensively used for spectroscopic elucidations and computational aspects using density functional methods. Along with spectral conclusions, further investigations on fundamental reactive properties such as electrical, optical, nonlinear combined with DFT simulations were performed. Molecular docking procedure supports the results of chosen appropriate antiprotozoal agent based on ligand-protein interactions. Experimental and simulated (B3LYP/6-311++G (d,p)) IR and Raman spectra showed concurrence. NLO analysis through first order hyperpolarizability parameter helps in finding the potential of 1EMI as a good NLO candidate. Charge delocalization and the stability of the compound were discussed using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Furthermore, Electron localization function (ELF), local orbital locator (LOL), and Frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) were studied. Besides, Mulliken population analysis on atomic charges, Energy gap, chemical potential, global hardness, softness, ionization potential, electronegativity, electrophilicity index along thermodynamic parameters (enthalpy, entropy and heat capacity) have been calculated. Drug likeness parameters and molecular docking approach enabled to check pharmaceutical potential and biological activity of 1EMI. The biological activity of 1EMI through ligand and protein interactions have been confirmed theoretically for the treatment of Malaria, Invasive aspergillosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis with respect to chosen proteins. Three different activity targets and protein interactions are quite successful revealing the bond distances, intermolecular energy, binding energy and inhibition constant. 2D interaction profile image of the two maximum interacted proteins and also Ramachandran plot used to show stereochemistry of selected protein. The activities of 1EMI were studied in accordance with literature survey and the results were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Manjusha
- Department of Physics, S.D.N.B Vaishnav College for Women, Chromepet, Chennai, 600 044, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Physics, Madras Christian College, Chennai, 600 059, Tamilnadu, India; University of Madras, Chepauk, Chennai, 600 005, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - S Muthu
- Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, 604 407, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Physics, Puratchi Thalaivar Dr.M.G.R Govt. Arts and Science College, Uthiramerur, 603406, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - B Fathima Rizwana
- Department of Physics, Madras Christian College, Chennai, 600 059, Tamilnadu, India
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7
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Sharma S, Anand R, Cham PS, Raina S, Vishwakarma RA, Singh PP. A concise and sequential synthesis of the nitroimidazooxazole based drug, Delamanid and related compounds. RSC Adv 2020; 10:17085-17093. [PMID: 35521460 PMCID: PMC9053479 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01662d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A concise, protection-group free and sequential route has been developed for the synthesis of the nitroimidazole based FDA-approved multi-drug resistant anti-tuberculosis drug, Delamanid and anti-leishmanial lead candidate VL-2098. The synthesis required chiral epoxides (11 and 17) as key intermediates. The chiral epoxide 11 was synthesised by sequential reaction cascades viz., allylation, selective N-arylation, Mitsunobu etherification, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation and epoxidation, which do not require any special/dry reaction conditions. The steps involved towards the synthesis of epoxide also worked nicely in gram scales. After the synthesis of epoxide 11, the synthesis of Delamanid was achieved by reaction with 2-bromo-4-nitroimidazole 12 with an overall yield of 27%. Similarly, anti-leishmanial lead candidate VL-2098 was also synthesized in an overall yield of 36%. A concise, protection-group free and sequential route has been developed for the synthesis of the nitroimidazole based FDA-approved multi-drug resistant anti-tuberculosis drug, Delamanid and anti-leishmanial lead candidate VL-2098.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sharma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Canal Road Jammu-180001 India .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Radhika Anand
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Canal Road Jammu-180001 India
| | - Pankaj Singh Cham
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Canal Road Jammu-180001 India .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Sushil Raina
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Canal Road Jammu-180001 India
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Canal Road Jammu-180001 India .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Parvinder Pal Singh
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Canal Road Jammu-180001 India .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
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8
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Abstract
AbstractTrichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that causes trichomoniasis in humans, the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted disease (STD). Imidazole compounds are used for the treatment of trichomoniasis, and metronidazole is the most commonly prescribed. However, these compounds can lead to parasite resistance and unwanted side effects. Therefore, there is a need for an alternative treatment for this disease. Here, we explored the potential of clotrimazole (CTZ) and zinc compounds, as well as CTZ complexed with zinc salts ([1] acetate [Zn(CTZ)2(Ac)2] and [2] a chloride [Zn(CTZ)2Cl2] complexes) against T. vaginalis. We synthesized the zinc complexed CTZ compounds and determined their concentration values that inhibited parasite growth by 50% (IC50). We used scanning and transmission electron microscopy to visualize the ultrastructural alterations induced by CTZ and their zinc complexes. The incubation of the parasites with [Zn(CTZ)2(Ac)2] complex inhibited their growth, yielding an IC50 of 4.9 µm. Moreover, there were changes in the shape of treated parasites, including the formation of surface projections that subsequently detached from the cell, in addition to changes in the hydrogenosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. We found [Zn(CTZ)2(Ac)2] to be a highly effective compound against T. vaginalis in vitro, suggesting its potential utility as an alternative chemotherapy for trichomoniasis.
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9
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Abstract
The nitro group is considered to be a versatile and unique functional group in medicinal chemistry. Despite a long history of use in therapeutics, the nitro group has toxicity issues and is often categorized as a structural alert or a toxicophore, and evidence related to drugs containing nitro groups is rather contradictory. In general, drugs containing nitro groups have been extensively associated with mutagenicity and genotoxicity. In this context, efforts toward the structure-mutagenicity or structure-genotoxicity relationships have been undertaken. The current Perspective covers various aspects of agents that contain nitro groups, their bioreductive activation mechanisms, their toxicities, and approaches to combat their toxicity issues. In addition, recent advances in the field of anticancer, antitubercular and antiparasitic agents containing nitro groups, along with a patent survey on hypoxia-activated prodrugs containing nitro groups, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
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10
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Castro-Ramírez R, Ortiz-Pastrana N, Caballero AB, Zimmerman MT, Stadelman BS, Gaertner AAE, Brumaghim JL, Korrodi-Gregório L, Pérez-Tomás R, Gamez P, Barba-Behrens N. DNA interactions of non-chelating tinidazole-based coordination compounds and their structural, redox and cytotoxic properties. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7551-7560. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00716k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
DNA interactions of novel tinidazole CuII complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Castro-Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Ciudad de México
| | | | - Ana B. Caballero
- Departament de Química Inorgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luís Korrodi-Gregório
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Barcelona
- 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
- Spain
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Tomás
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Barcelona
- 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
- Spain
| | - Patrick Gamez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)
| | - Norah Barba-Behrens
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Ciudad de México
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11
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Liebhart D, Ganas P, Sulejmanovic T, Hess M. Histomonosis in poultry: previous and current strategies for prevention and therapy. Avian Pathol 2016; 46:1-18. [PMID: 27624771 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2016.1229458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Histomonosis is a parasitic disease of poultry with worldwide prevalence. The disease can cause morbidity and mortality in chicken and turkey flocks entailing severe economic losses. In the first half of the last century, there was a high demand to control histomonosis as the turkey industry was severely affected by the disease. Consequently, numerous chemical compounds were tested for their efficacy against Histomonas meleagridis with varying outcomes, that are summarized and specified in this review. At the same time, preliminary attempts to protect birds with cultured histomonads indicated the possibility of vaccination. Several years ago antihistomonal drugs were banned in countries with tight regulations on pharmaceuticals in order to comply with the demand of consumer protection. As a consequence, outbreaks of histomonosis in poultry flocks increased and the disease became endemic again. New approaches to prevent and treat histomonosis are, therefore, needed and recently performed studies focused on various areas to combat the disease, from alternative chemotherapeutic substances to plant-derived compounds until vaccination, altogether reviewed here. Considering existing regulations and the overall outcome of experimental studies, it can be concluded that vaccination is very promising, despite the fact that various challenges need to be addressed until the first ever developed vaccine based upon live flagellates in human or bird medicine can be marketed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Liebhart
- a Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health , University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria
| | - P Ganas
- b Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria
| | - T Sulejmanovic
- a Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health , University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria
| | - M Hess
- a Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health , University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria.,b Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria
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12
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Bektaş İ, Karaman Ş, Dıraz E, Çelik M. The role of natural indigo dye in alleviation of genotoxicity of sodium dithionite as a reducing agent. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2245-2255. [PMID: 27757710 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-0018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Indigo blue is a natural dye used for thousands of years by civilizations to dye fabric blue and it is naturally obtained from Isatis tinctoria. I. tinctoria is not only used for extraction of indigo blue color but also used medicinally in Traditional Chinese Medicine because of its active compounds. Sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) is used in dye bath for indigo blue extraction, but this reducing agent and its derivatives are major pollutants of textile industry and subsequently have hazardous influences on public health. Herein, the present study was designed to obtain the high yield of natural indigo dye but with low possible toxic effect. In this context, genotoxic effects of particular combinations of natural dye solutions obtained from Isatis tinctoria subsp. tomentolla with Na2S2O4 as reducing agent were investigated. Dye solutions were obtained using two different pH levels (pH 9 and 11) and three different concentrations of Na2S2O4 (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/ml). In addition to the dye solutions and reducing agent, aqueous extracts of I. tinctoria were assessed for their genotoxicity on human lymphocytes. For in vitro testing of genotoxicity, chromosomal aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and mitotic indexes (MI) assays were used. Accordingly, Na2S2O4 caused significant increases in CA and SCE as well decrease in MI but the genotoxic effects of sodium dithionite were reduced with natural indigo dye. As a result, aqueous extracts of Isatis leaves removed the toxic effects of sodium dithionite and showed anti-genotoxic effect. For the optimal and desired quality but with less toxic effects of natural dye, 2.5 mg/ml (for wool yarn) and 5 mg/ml (for cotton yarn) of Na2S2O4 doses were found to be the best doses for reduction in the dye bath at Ph 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- İdris Bektaş
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Suluova Vocational School, Amasya University, Amasya, 05000, Turkey
| | - Şengül Karaman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, University of KSU, Kahramanmaraş, 46100, Turkey.
| | - Emel Dıraz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, University of KSU, Kahramanmaraş, 46100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çelik
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of KSU, Kahramanmaraş, 46100, Turkey
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13
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Tweats D, Bourdin Trunz B, Torreele E. Genotoxicity profile of fexinidazole--a drug candidate in clinical development for human African trypanomiasis (sleeping sickness). Mutagenesis 2012; 27:523-32. [PMID: 22539226 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ges015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The parasitic disease human African trypanomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, is a highly neglected fatal condition endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, which is poorly treated with medicines that are toxic, no longer effective or very difficult to administer. New, safe, effective and easy-to-use treatments are urgently needed. Many nitroimidazoles possess antibacterial and antiprotozoal activity and examples such as tinidazole are used to treat trichomoniasis and guardiasis, but concerns about toxicity including genotoxicity limit their usefulness. Fexinidazole, a 2-substituted 5-nitroimidazole rediscovered by the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) after extensive compound mining of public and pharmaceutical company databases, has the potential to become a short-course, safe and effective oral treatment, curing both acute and chronic HAT. This paper describes the genotoxicity profile of fexinidazole and its two active metabolites, the sulfoxide and sulfone derivatives. All the three compounds are mutagenic in the Salmonella/Ames test; however, mutagenicity is either attenuated or lost in Ames Salmonella strains that lack one or more nitroreductase(s). It is known that these enzymes can nitroreduce compounds with low redox potentials, whereas their mammalian cell counterparts cannot, under normal conditions. Fexinidazole and its metabolites have low redox potentials and all mammalian cell assays to detect genetic toxicity, conducted for this study either in vitro (micronucleus test in human lymphocytes) or in vivo (ex vivo unscheduled DNA synthesis in rats; bone marrow micronucleus test in mice), were negative. Thus, fexinidazole does not pose a genotoxic hazard to patients and represents a promising drug candidate for HAT. Fexinidazole is expected to enter Phase II clinical trials in 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tweats
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, 15 Chemin Louis-Dunant, Geneva CH-1202, Switzerland.
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14
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Siviková K, Dianovsky J, Holecková B. Induction of SCEs and DNA fragmentation in bovine peripheral lymphocytes by in vitro exposure to tolylfluanid-based fungicide. Genet Mol Biol 2011; 34:110-5. [PMID: 21637552 PMCID: PMC3085355 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572010005000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential for genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of tolylfluanid-based fungicide (50% active agent) was evaluated using sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and proliferation indices (PI) in cultured bovine peripheral lymphocytes. For the detection of possible genetic damage, DNA fragmentation assay was also applied. Bovine lymphocytes cultured for 72 h were treated with the fungicide at the final concentrations of 1.75, 3.5, 8.75, and 17.5 μg/mL for the last 24 and 48 h of culture without S9 metabolic activation, and during the last 2 h of culture with S9 metabolic activation. In the SCE assays no evidence for genotoxic activity of the fungicide was found in treatments of 24 h without and 2 h with S9. After the 24 h exposure to tolylfluanid, a weak decrease in the PI was observed. With the prolonged exposure time (48 h), dose dependence in the increase of SCE frequencies was observed. Moreover, after 48 h exposure slight fragmentation of DNA at the concentrations of 3.5 and 8.75 μg/mL was demonstrated. SCE quantification is the most widely used approach for the assessment of genotoxic/cytogenetic effects of chemical compounds. Positive results in the assay at 48 h exposure indicated a potential of the fungicide to increase frequency of chromosomal damage (replication injuries) that is the confirmation of early effect of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Siviková
- Institute of Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic
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15
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Mudry MD, Martinez RA, Nieves M, Carballo MA. Biomarkers of genotoxicity and genomic instability in a non-human primate, Cebus libidinosus (Cebidae, Platyrrhini), exposed to nitroimidazole derivatives. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2011; 721:108-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Kirkland D, Reeve L, Gatehouse D, Vanparys P. A core in vitro genotoxicity battery comprising the Ames test plus the in vitro micronucleus test is sufficient to detect rodent carcinogens and in vivo genotoxins. Mutat Res 2011; 721:27-73. [PMID: 21238603 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In vitro genotoxicity testing needs to include tests in both bacterial and mammalian cells, and be able to detect gene mutations, chromosomal damage and aneuploidy. This may be achieved by a combination of the Ames test (detects gene mutations) and the in vitro micronucleus test (MNvit), since the latter detects both chromosomal aberrations and aneuploidy. In this paper we therefore present an analysis of an existing database of rodent carcinogens and a new database of in vivo genotoxins in terms of the in vitro genotoxicity tests needed to detect their in vivo activity. Published in vitro data from at least one test system (most were from the Ames test) were available for 557 carcinogens and 405 in vivo genotoxins. Because there are fewer publications on the MNvit than for other mammalian cell tests, and because the concordance between the MNvit and the in vitro chromosomal aberration (CAvit) test is so high for clastogenic activity, positive results in the CAvit test were taken as indicative of a positive result in the MNvit where there were no, or only inadequate data for the latter. Also, because Hprt and Tk loci both detect gene-mutation activity, a positive Hprt test was taken as indicative of a mouse-lymphoma Tk assay (MLA)-positive, where there were no data for the latter. Almost all of the 962 rodent carcinogens and in vivo genotoxins were detected by an in vitro battery comprising Ames+MNvit. An additional 11 carcinogens and six in vivo genotoxins would apparently be detected by the MLA, but many of these had not been tested in the MNvit or CAvit tests. Only four chemicals emerge as potentially being more readily detected in MLA than in Ames+MNvit--benzyl acetate, toluene, morphine and thiabendazole--and none of these are convincing cases to argue for the inclusion of the MLA in addition to Ames+MNvit. Thus, there is no convincing evidence that any genotoxic rodent carcinogens or in vivo genotoxins would remain undetected in an in vitro test battery consisting of Ames+MNvit.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kirkland
- Kirkland Consulting, PO Box 79, Tadcaster LS24 0AS, United Kingdom.
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17
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Shuiqing Qiu, Shuling Huang, Juan Huang, Jianlin Pan, Weiyun Zhang. Antitumor activity of the water-soluble polysaccharide from Hyriopsis cumingii in vitro. Toxicol Ind Health 2010; 26:151-61. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233710362376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
As a freshwater pearl mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii is widely cultured in China to produce pearls. This study was made to explore the antitumor activity of water-soluble polysaccharide (WSP) from mantles of H. cumingii. Cell viability of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells was estimated by MTT method. Cell cycle analysis was determined by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was observed under fluorescence microscopy and confirmed by DNA fragment assay. Reverse transcriptase-polymerized chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry were carried to evaluate c-myc, bcl-2 and cyclinD1 gene expressions in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was assessed by flow cytometry. After WSP treatment, the growth of HepG2 cells was inhibited and most of cells arrested in G0/G1 phage (p < .01); apoptotic changes in nucleus and cytoplasm were also observed in WSP-treated cells; percentage of apoptotic rate significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001); DNA fragmentation was detected in treated HepG2 cells; The mRNA level and protein level of c-myc, bcl-2 and cyclinD1 were decreased in the treated HepG2 cells. ROS was significantly increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner as well. The results suggested that WSP has potent antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqing Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shuling Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Juan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Pan
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Weiyun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China,
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