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Kim J, Leon ME, Schinasi LH, Baldi I, Lebailly P, Freeman LEB, Nordby KC, Ferro G, Monnereau A, Brouwer M, Kjaerheim K, Hofmann JN, Straif K, Kromhout H, Schüz J, Togawa K. Exposure to pesticides and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma in an international consortium of agricultural cohorts (AGRICOH). Cancer Causes Control 2023; 34:995-1003. [PMID: 37418114 PMCID: PMC10533587 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01748-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Some pesticides may increase the risk of certain lymphoid malignancies, but few studies have examined Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). In this exploratory study, we examined associations between agricultural use of 22 individual active ingredients and 13 chemical groups and HL incidence. METHODS We used data from three agricultural cohorts participating in the AGRICOH consortium: the French Agriculture and Cancer Cohort (2005-2009), Cancer in the Norwegian Agricultural Population (1993-2011), and the US Agricultural Health Study (1993-2011). Lifetime pesticide use was estimated from crop-exposure matrices or self-report. Cohort-specific covariate-adjusted overall and age-specific (< 40 or ≥ 40 years) hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression and combined using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Among 316 270 farmers (75% male) accumulating 3 574 815 person-years at risk, 91 incident cases of HL occurred. We did not observe statistically significant associations for any of the active ingredients or chemical groups studied. The highest risks of HL overall were observed for the pyrethroids deltamethrin (meta-HR = 1.86, 95% CI 0.76-4.52) and esfenvalerate (1.86, 0.78-4.43), and inverse associations of similar magnitude were observed for parathion and glyphosate. Risk of HL at ≥ 40 years of age was highest for ever-use of dicamba (2.04, 0.93-4.50) and lowest for glyphosate (0.46, 0.20-1.07). CONCLUSION We report the largest prospective investigation of these associations. Nonetheless, low statistical power, a mixture of histological subtypes and a lack of information on tumour EBV status complicate the interpretability of the results. Most HL cases occurred at older ages, thus we could not explore associations with adolescent or young adult HL. Furthermore, estimates may be attenuated due to non-differential exposure misclassification. Future work should aim to extend follow-up and refine both exposure and outcome classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Kim
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer, IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Maria E. Leon
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer, IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Leah H. Schinasi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Isabelle Baldi
- Service Santé Travail Environnement, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Lebailly
- ANTICIPE, INSERM U1086, Université de Caen Normandie, and Centre de Lutte Contre Le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Laura E. Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | - Gilles Ferro
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer, IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Alain Monnereau
- Hematological Malignancies Registry of Gironde, Bergonie Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bordeaux, France
- EPICENE, INSERM U1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maartje Brouwer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jonathan N. Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Kurt Straif
- Non-communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, IS Global, Barcelona, Spain
- Global Observatory On Pollution and Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA USA
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer, IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Kayo Togawa
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer, IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
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Felisbino K, Kirsten N, da Silva Milhorini S, Marçal IS, Bernert K, Schiessl R, Nominato-Oliveira L, Guiloski IC. Teratogenic effects of the dicamba herbicide in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122187. [PMID: 37442326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Dicamba has been used worldwide for 60 years, but few studies have been conducted on its environmental safety and health effects. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the acute toxicity, teratogenic effects, oxidative stress, and neurotoxicity of Dicamba in zebrafish embryos. Embryos were exposed to concentrations of 4.5, 18, 72, and 288 mg/L of Dicamba for 96 h. Among the teratogenic effects, yolk sac edema predominated, besides malabsorption of nutrients (grayish yolk sac). The presence of edema may indicate problems with circulation and water efflux from the embryos, which may be related to kidney and cardiovascular problems. Other effects such as hemorrhage, spinal and eye malformations, and dwarfism were also observed. The hatching rate was reduced in the highest concentration, and in the other concentrations, a decrease was noticeable indicating a delay in development. Neurotoxic effects were also observed. Oxidative stress analysis showed a significant decrease in SOD at all concentrations and an increase in GPx, GSH, and LPO at 288 mg/L of Dicamba. It was observed that the herbicide is capable of causing teratogenic effects, developmental delay, and oxidative stress. These results show that exposure to Dicamba, in a commercial formulation, can bring risks during embryonic development. In addition, it highlights the need for further studies on the effects of the herbicide and a reassessment of toxicity categorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Felisbino
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Av Iguaçu, 333, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia Kirsten
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Av Iguaçu, 333, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Shayane da Silva Milhorini
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Av Iguaçu, 333, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isabela Saragioto Marçal
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Av Iguaçu, 333, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Karina Bernert
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Av Iguaçu, 333, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Schiessl
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Av Iguaçu, 333, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leticia Nominato-Oliveira
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Av Iguaçu, 333, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Izonete Cristina Guiloski
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Av Iguaçu, 333, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Laborde MRR, Larramendy ML, Soloneski S. Cytotoxic and genotoxic assessments of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in in vitro mammalian cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104783. [PMID: 31987841 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A combined approach employing alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (MNs) cytome bioassays was adopted to assess the deleterious properties of the auxinic 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and its microparticulated low volatility product Dedalo Elite (30% a.i.) on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. Cytotoxicity was estimated by neutral red uptake (NRU), succinic dehydrogenase activity (MTT) and apoptosis assessment. Both compounds were assayed at 0.1-10 μg/ml concentration range. Whereas exposed CHO-K1 cells revealed a statistically significant enhancement of MNs when 10 μg 2,4-D/ml was assayed, MNs were only achieved in cells treated with 2 μg Dedalo Elite/ml. A diminution in the nuclear division index was only achieved after exposure to Dedalo Elite within the 1-10 μg/ml concentration range. Whereas increased genetic damage index was achieved when 6 and 10 μg 2,4-D/ml were assayed, GDI induction was observed in treatments employing 4 μg Dedalo Elite/ml. Both compounds induced cytotoxicity by inhibition of both lysosomal and MTT activities by enhancing the frequencies of early and late apoptotic cells. Our results not only indicate the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of 2,4-D and its microparticulated marketplace formulation, but also highlight the risk of these agrochemicals present towards the biota and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros R R Laborde
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCYT), Argentina
| | - Marcelo L Larramendy
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Sonia Soloneski
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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Es Ruiz de Arcaute C, Ossana NA, Pérez-Iglesias JM, Soloneski S, Larramendy ML. Auxinic herbicides induce oxidative stress on Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Pisces: Poeciliidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:20485-20498. [PMID: 31102211 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides might increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Dicamba (DIC) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are auxinic herbicides commonly applied in agroecosystems to control unwanted weeds. We analysed the oxidative damage exerted on the fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus by an acute exposure to DIC- and 2,4-D-based herbicides formulations Banvel® and DMA®, respectively. The Endo III- and Fpg-modified alkaline comet assay was employed for detecting DNA damage caused by oxidative stress, whereas enzymatic and non-enzymatic biomarkers such as the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and glutathione content (GSH) were used to assess antioxidant response to these two herbicides. At the DNA level, results demonstrate that both auxinic herbicides induce oxidative damage at purines level. An increase on CAT and GST activities were detected in 48 h- and 96 h-treated specimens with both auxinics. GSH content decreased in fish exposed to DIC during 48 h and to 2,4-D after 96 h of exposure. Additionally, a diminished AChE activity in specimens treated with DIC and 2,4-D was observed only after 96 h. Total protein content decreased in fish exposed to both auxinics during 96 h. These results represent the first evaluation of oxidative damage related to DIC and 2,4-D exposure on a fish species as the Neotropical freshwater teleost C. decemmaculatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Es Ruiz de Arcaute
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nro. 3 (esq. 120), B1904AMA, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia A Ossana
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Lujan, C.C. 221, Luján, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nro. 3 (esq. 120), B1904AMA, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sonia Soloneski
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nro. 3 (esq. 120), B1904AMA, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo L Larramendy
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nro. 3 (esq. 120), B1904AMA, La Plata, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Plumejeaud S, Reis AP, Tassistro V, Patinha C, Noack Y, Orsière T. Potentially harmful elements in house dust from Estarreja, Portugal: characterization and genotoxicity of the bioaccessible fraction. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2018; 40:127-144. [PMID: 27771821 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to their behavioral characteristics, young children are vulnerable to the ingestion of indoor dust, often contaminated with chemicals that are potentially harmful. Exposure to potentially harmful elements (PHEs) is currently exacerbated by their widespread use in several industrial, agricultural, domestic and technological applications. PHEs cause adverse health effects on immune and nervous systems and can lead to cancer development via genotoxic mechanisms. The present study is an integrated approach that aims at assessing the genotoxicity of bioaccessible PHEs following ingestion of contaminated house dust. A multidisciplinary methodology associating chemical characterization of five house dust samples, extraction of the bioaccessible PHEs in gastric extracts by the unified BARGE method, determination of the bioaccessible fraction and in vitro genotoxicity of gastric extracts in adenocarcinoma gastric human (AGS) cells was developed. The five gastric extracts induced dose-dependent genotoxicity in AGS cells. Copper (bioaccessible concentration up to 111 mg/kg) was probably the prevalent PHE inducing primary DNA damage (up to 5.1-fold increase in tail DNA at 0.53 g/l of gastric extract). Lead (bioaccessible concentration up to 245 mg/kg) was the most prevalent PHE inducing chromosome-damaging effects (r = 0.55; p < 0.001 for micronucleated cells induction). The association of principal component analysis and Spearman's correlations was decisive to understand the chromosome-damaging properties of the bioaccessible PHEs in AGS cells. This methodology could be used on a larger-scale study to provide useful information for science-based decision-making in regulatory policies, and a better estimation of human exposure and associated health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Plumejeaud
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Amelia Paula Reis
- GEOBIOTEC, Departmento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Virginie Tassistro
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Carla Patinha
- GEOBIOTEC, Departmento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Yves Noack
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CEREGE UM34, 13545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Thierry Orsière
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
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Jiang E. Differences in the origins of kinetochore-positive and kinetochore-negative micronuclei: A live cell imaging study. Mutat Res 2016; 787:7-14. [PMID: 26938028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Micronuclei (MNi) are extensively used to evaluate genotoxicity and chromosomal instability. Classification of kinetochore-negative (K-MNi) and kinetochore-positive micronuclei (K+MNi) improves the specificity and sensitivity of the micronucleus (MN) test; however, the fundamental differences in the origins of K-MNi and K+MNi have not been addressed due to the limitations of traditional methods. In the current study, HeLa CENP B-GFP H2B-mCherry cells were constructed in which histone 2B (H2B) and centromere protein B (CENP B) were expressed as fusion proteins to monomeric Cherry (mCherry) and EGFP, respectively. MNi were identified using H2B-mCherry; K+MN contained CENP B-GFP, while K-MN did not. Long-term live cell imaging was conducted to examine MN formation in the dual-color fluorescent HeLa cells. The results suggested that K-MNi were derived from kinetochore-negative displaced chromosomes (K-DCs), kinetochore-negative lagging chromosomes (K-LCs) and fragments of broken chromosome bridges (CBs) during late mitotic stages. The results also indicated that K+MNi are derived from kinetochore-positive displaced chromosomes (K+DCs), kinetochore-positive lagging chromosomes (K+LCs), and fragments of broken CBs. Different aberrant chromosomes emerged during mitosis at different frequencies and developed into K-MNi and/or K+MNi in the daughter cells at different rates. K+LCs formed K+MNi at a higher frequency than K+DCs, and K-LCs formed K-MNi at a higher rate than K-DCs; however, broken CBs transformed into K-MNi and/or K+MNi. In summary, these results show that K-MNi and K+MNi have different origins in HeLa cells and that each mechanism of MN formation contributes differently to the overall number of K-MNi and K+MNi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu L, Li W, Zha J, Wang Z. Dicamba affects sex steroid hormone level and mRNA expression of related genes in adult rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) at environmentally relevant concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:693-703. [PMID: 24420721 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dicamba is a benzoic acid herbicide that has been detected in surface and ground water. The herbicide has been shown to have cytogeneic and DNA damaging effects and to cause organ damage in mammals; however, little is known about the endocrine disrupting effects of dicamba in fish. In this study, histological changes, plasma vitellogenin (VTG) and sex hormone levels, and mRNA expression of sex steroid hormone-related genes were determined in adult rare minnow exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of dicamba (0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L) for 40 days. The results showed inhibition of spermatogenesis in male testes and ovarian degeneration in females. Plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) levels were significantly increased in both genders, and plasma VTG levels were significantly increased in males (p<0.05). These results indicate that sex hormone homeostasis and normal reproduction of fish could be affected by dicamba. Moreover, the mRNA levels of vtg were significantly upregulated in the livers and gonads of both male and female rare minnows (p < 0.05). The downregulation of cytochrome P450c19a (cyp19a) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star) mRNA levels, and the upregulation of cytochrome P450c17 (cyp17) mRNA levels were observed in the livers and ovaries (p<0.05). The results of the mRNA analysis suggest that changes in steroid hormone-related gene expression could serve as a regulatory mechanism to maintain sex hormone homeostasis. Overall, dicamba exposure could result in histological lesions, plasma VTG increases, changes in sex hormone levels, and alterations of hormone-related gene expression. Therefore, dicamba should be considered to be a potential endocrine disruptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Shuangqing Rd 18, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Shuangqing Rd 18, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Shuangqing Rd 18, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Shuangqing Rd 18, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
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In vitro genotoxicity assessment of the synthetic plant growth regulator, 1-naphthaleneacetamide. Cytotechnology 2015; 68:947-56. [PMID: 25690333 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
1-Naphthaleneacetamide (NAAm) is a synthetic plant growth regulator in the auxin family that is widely used in agriculture to promote the growth of numerous fruits, for root cuttings and as a fruit thinning agent. The potential genotoxic effects of NAAm were investigated in vitro by the chromosome aberrations (CAs), and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) for the first time. The human PBLs were treated with 20, 40, 80, and 160 µg/mL of NAAm for 24 and 48 h. The results of this study showed that NAAm significantly induced the formation of structural CA and MN for all concentrations (20, 40, 80 and 160 µg/mL) and treatment periods (24 and 48 h) when compared with the negative and the solvent control. In addition, the higher concentrations of NAAm (80 and 160 µg/mL) caused a statistically significant increase in nuclear bud (NBUD) formation for both 24 and 48 h treatment times. With regard to the cell cycle kinetics, at all the tested concentrations, NAAm caused a statistically significant reduction in the mitotic index (MI) only for 48 h treatment period and also in the nuclear division index (NDI) for both 24 and 48 h treatment periods as compared to the control groups. The reductions in the MI and NDI occured in a concentration-dependent manner for both treatment times. In conclusion, the present results indicate that in the tested experimental conditions, NAAm was genotoxic and cytotoxic on human PBLs in vitro.
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Ruiz de Arcaute C, Soloneski S, Larramendy M. Evaluation of the genotoxicity of a herbicide formulation containing 3,6-dichloro-2-metoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) in circulating blood cells of the tropical fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 773:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nikoloff N, Larramendy ML, Soloneski S. Comparative evaluation in vitro of the herbicide flurochloridone by cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome and comet assays. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:884-892. [PMID: 22987626 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The in-vitro effects of flurochloridone and its formulations Twin Pack Gold® (25% a.i.) and Rainbow® (25% a.i.) were evaluated in Chinese Hamster Ovary K1 (CHO-K1) cells. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-cyt) and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assays were used. The activities were tested within the range of final concentrations of 0.25-15 μg flurochloridone/mL. The results demonstrated that both the flurochloridone and Rainbow® were not able to induce micronuclei (MN). On the other hand, Twin Pack Gold® only increased the frequency of MN at 5 μg/mL. Furthermore, 10 and 15 μg/mL of both formulations resulted in a cellular cytotoxicity demonstrated by alterations in the nuclear division index and cellular death. SCGE assay appeared to be a more sensitive bioassay for detecting primary DNA strand breaks at lower concentrations of flurochloridone than MN did. A marked increase in the genetic damage index was observed when 5 and 15 μg/mL of both flurochloridone and Rainbow® but only when 15 μg/mL of Twin Pack Gold® were used. This is the first report demonstrating that flurochloridone and its two commercial formulations are able to induce single-strand DNA breaks in vitro on mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Nikoloff
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina
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Micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes after exposure to alloxydim sodium herbicide in vitro. Cytotechnology 2014; 67:1059-66. [PMID: 25017922 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of alloxydim sodium using micronucleus (MN) assay, in human peripheral lymphocytes. MN assay was used to investigate the genotoxic effects of alloxydim sodium in human peripheral lymphocytes treated with 250, 500, 750, 1,000 µg/ml concentrations of alloxydim sodium for 24 and 48 h. Solvent, negative and positive controls were also used in the experiments in parallel. The obtained results were evaluated in statistical analyses by using Dunnett-t test (two sided) and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. Alloxydim sodium significantly increased the MN formation compared with the negative control, at both 750 and 1,000 µg/ml concentrations and treatment periods. We also evaluated the nuclear division index (NDI) for cytotoxicity of this pesticide in the experiment, and finally observed a significant decrease of the NDI values at all concentrations of alloxydim sodium and at both treatment periods.
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Nikoloff N, Larramendy ML, Soloneski S. Assessment of DNA damage, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells after flurochloridone herbicide exposure. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 65:233-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Manshian BB, Singh N, Doak SH. The in vitro micronucleus assay and kinetochore staining: methodology and criteria for the accurate assessment of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1044:269-89. [PMID: 23896882 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-529-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro micronucleus assay is currently one of the most commonly used test systems for the study of genotoxic effects of chemicals. It is considered the preferred method for measuring chromosome damage as it allows the determination of both chromosomal loss and breakage. The type of chromosomal damage induced can be distinguished by using the kinetochore or pan-centromeric staining using molecular probes that label the centromeric regions of chromosomes allowing the determination of aneugenic (chromosome loss) or clastogenic (chromosome breakage) agents. In this chapter, we provide a description of the basic principles and methods of the in vitro micronucleus assay with detailed explanations of the scoring criteria for the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity end-points by manual or automated analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella B Manshian
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, UK
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Cornélio DA, Tavares JCM, Pimentel TVCDA, Cavalcanti GB, Batistuzzo de Medeiros SR. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay adapted for analyzing genomic instability of human mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:823-38. [PMID: 24328548 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent cells used in cell therapy research. One of the problems involving hMSCs is the possibility of genetic instability during in vitro expansion required to obtain a suitable number of cells for clinical applications. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay measures genetic instability by analyzing the presence of micronucleus (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs), and nuclear buds (NBUDs) in binucleated cells. The present study describes modifications in the CBMN assay methodology to analyze genetic instability in hMSCs isolated from the umbilical vein and in vitro expanded. The best protocol to achieve binucleated hMSCs with preserved cytoplasm was as follows: cytochalasin B concentration (4.0 μg/mL), use of hypotonic treatment (3 min), and the fixative solution (9 methanol:1 acetic acid). These adaptations were reproduced in three hMSC primary cell cultures and also in XP4PA and A549 cell lines. The frequency of hMSCs treated with mitomycin-C presenting MN was lower than that with other nuclear alterations, indicating that the hMSCs contain mechanisms to avoid a high level of chromosomal breaks. However, a high frequency of cells with NPBs was detected and spontaneous anaphase bridges under normal hMSC in vitro culture were observed. Considering that anaphase bridges are characteristic alterations in tumor cells, the CBMN assay is indicated as an important tool associated with other genetic analyses in order to ensure the safe clinical use of hMSCs in cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Afonso Cornélio
- 1 Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte , Natal, Brazil
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Nikoloff N, Escobar L, Soloneski S, Larramendy ML. Comparative study of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects induced by herbicide S-metolachlor and its commercial formulation Twin Pack Gold® in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:777-81. [PMID: 24144947 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro effects of S-metolachlor and its formulation Twin Pack Gold(®) (96% a.i.) were evaluated in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus cytome (CBMN-cyt) and MTT assays as well as Neutral Red uptake were employed for genotoxicity and cytotoxicity evaluation. Activities were tested within the concentration range of 0.25-15 μg/ml S-metolachlor for 24h of exposure. Both compounds rendered a minor reduction in the NDI although not reaching statistical significance. Results demonstrated that the S-metolachlor was not able to induce MNs. On the other hand, 0.5-6 μg/ml Twin Pack Gold(®) increased the frequency of MNs. When cytotoxicity was estimated, S-metolachlor was not able to induce either a reduction of lysosomal or mitochondrial activity. Contrarily, whereas 1-15 μg/ml Twin Pack Gold(®) induced a significant reduction of mitochondrial activity, all tested concentrations of the formulated product induced a significant decrease of lysosomal performance as a function of the concentration of the S-metolachlor-based formulation titrated into cultures. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity differences obtained with pure S-metolachlor and the commercial S-metolachlor-based formulation indicate that the latter may contain additional unsafe xenobiotics and support the concept of the importance of evaluating not only the active principle but also the commercial formulation when estimating the real hazard from agrochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Nikoloff
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, CABA, Argentina
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Vera-Candioti J, Soloneski S, Larramendy ML. Evaluation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of glyphosate-based herbicides in the ten spotted live-bearer fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 89:166-73. [PMID: 23273868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mortality, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity of the 48% glyphosate-based formulations Panzer and Credit(®) were evaluated on Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842) (Pisces, Poeciliidae) under laboratory conditions. Induction of micronuclei (MN) and alterations in the erythrocytes:erythroblasts ratio were employed as end points for genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, respectively. For Panzer(®), mean values of 16.70 and 15.68 mg/L were determined for LC(50) at 24 and 96 h, respectively, and these concentrations reached mean values of 98.50 and 91.73 mg/L for Credit(®). LC(50) values decreased as a negative linear function of Panzer(®) exposure time within the 0-96 h period, but not for Credit(®). LC(50) values indicated that the fish were more sensitive to Panzer(®) than to Credit(®). Both 3.9 and 7.8 mg/L of Panzer(®) increased MN frequency at 48 and 96 h of treatment. When fish were exposed to Credit(®), an increased frequency of MN over control values was found after 96 h for all concentrations assayed, but not after 48 h. No cellular cytotoxicity was found after Panzer(®) and Credit(®) treatment, regardless of both the concentration and the sampling time. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that Panzer(®) and Credit(®) should be considered as glyphosate-based commercial formulations with genotoxic but not cytotoxic effect properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Vera-Candioti
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina
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