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Schrenk D, Bignami M, Bodin L, Chipman JK, del Mazo J, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Hoogenboom L(R, Leblanc J, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Vleminckx C, Wallace H, Barregård L, Benford D, Broberg K, Dogliotti E, Fletcher T, Rylander L, Abrahantes JC, Gómez Ruiz JÁ, Steinkellner H, Tauriainen T, Schwerdtle T. Update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food. EFSA J 2024; 22:e8488. [PMID: 38239496 PMCID: PMC10794945 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2009 risk assessment on arsenic in food carrying out a hazard assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and using the revised exposure assessment issued by EFSA in 2021. Epidemiological studies show that the chronic intake of iAs via diet and/or drinking water is associated with increased risk of several adverse outcomes including cancers of the skin, bladder and lung. The CONTAM Panel used the benchmark dose lower confidence limit based on a benchmark response (BMR) of 5% (relative increase of the background incidence after adjustment for confounders, BMDL05) of 0.06 μg iAs/kg bw per day obtained from a study on skin cancer as a Reference Point (RP). Inorganic As is a genotoxic carcinogen with additional epigenetic effects and the CONTAM Panel applied a margin of exposure (MOE) approach for the risk characterisation. In adults, the MOEs are low (range between 2 and 0.4 for mean consumers and between 0.9 and 0.2 at the 95th percentile exposure, respectively) and as such raise a health concern despite the uncertainties.
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Soler-Blasco R, Harari F, Riutort-Mayol G, Murcia M, Lozano M, Irizar A, Marina LS, Zubero MB, Fernández-Jimenez N, Braeuer S, Ballester F, Llop S. Influence of genetic polymorphisms on arsenic methylation efficiency during pregnancy: Evidence from a Spanish birth cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165740. [PMID: 37495132 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a widespread toxic metalloid. It is well-known that iAs metabolism and its toxicity are mediated by polymorphisms in AS3MT and other genes. However, studies during pregnancy are scarce. We aimed to examine the role of genetic polymorphisms in AS3MT, GSTO2, N6AMT1, MTHFR, MTR, FTCD, CBS, and FOLH1 in iAs methylation efficiency during pregnancy. METHODS The study included 541 pregnant participants from the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Spanish cohort. Using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass, we measured arsenic (iAs and the metabolites monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA)) in urine samples collected during the first trimester. iAs methylation efficiency was determined based on relative concentrations of the As metabolites in urine (%MMA, %DMA, and %iAs). Thirty-two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nine genes were determined in maternal DNA; AS3MT haplotypes were inferred. We assessed the association between genotypes/haplotypes and maternal As methylation efficiency using multivariate linear regression models. RESULTS The median %MMA and %DMA were 5.3 %, and 89 %, respectively. Ancestral alleles of AS3MT SNPs (rs3740393, rs3740390, rs11191453, and rs11191454) were significantly associated with higher %MMA, %iAs, and lower %DMA. Pregnant participants with zero copies of the GGCTTCAC AS3MT haplotype presented a higher %MMA. Statistically significant associations were also found for the FOLH1 SNP rs202676 (β 0.89 95%CI: 0.24, 1.55 for carriers of the G allele vs. the A allele). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that ancestral alleles in AS3MT polymorphisms were associated with lower As methylation efficiency in early pregnancy and suggests that FOLH1 also plays a role in As methylation efficiency. These results support the hypothesis that As metabolism is multigenic, being a key element for identifying susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Florencia Harari
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Gabriel Riutort-Mayol
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Murcia
- Health Policy Planning and Evaluation Service, Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Lozano
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain; Departament of Preventive Medicine and Public Health of the University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa Marina
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Miren Begoña Zubero
- Departament of Preventive Medicine and Public Health of the University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nora Fernández-Jimenez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Simone Braeuer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ferran Ballester
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Soler-Blasco R, Llop S, Riutort-Mayol G, Lozano M, Vallejo-Ortega J, Murcia M, Ballester F, Irizar A, Andiarena A, Fernandez-Jimenez N, Braeuer S, Harari F. Genetic Susceptibility to Neurotoxicity Related to Prenatal Inorganic Arsenic Exposure in Young Spanish Children. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15366-15378. [PMID: 37787746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
We explored the influence of child and maternal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to neurological function and arsenic metabolism (i.e., ABCA1, ABCB1, PON1, CYP3A, BDNF, GSTP1, MT2A, and APOE as well as AS3MT) on the association between prenatal arsenic (As) exposure and methylation efficiency and neuropsychological development in 4-5-year-old children. Participants were 549 mother-child pairs from the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Spanish Project. We measured inorganic arsenic (iAs) and the metabolites monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in urine samples collected during pregnancy. Neuropsychological development was assessed at the age of 4-5 years using the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA). Several SNPs were determined in maternal and child DNA; AS3MT and APOE haplotypes were inferred. The median ∑As (sum of iAs, DMA, and MMA) was 7.08 μg/g creatinine. Statistically significant interactions for children's APOE haplotype were observed. Specifically, ε4-carrier children had consistently lower MSCA scores in several scales with increasing ∑As and MMA concentrations. These results provide evidence regarding the neurotoxic effects of early life exposure to As, observing that the APOE ε4 allele could make children more vulnerable to this exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Riutort-Mayol
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Lozano
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Vallejo-Ortega
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Murcia
- Health Policy Planning and Evaluation Service, Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública, Generalitat Valenciana, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ferran Ballester
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health of the University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Ainara Andiarena
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nora Fernandez-Jimenez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute and University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48903 Leioa, Spain
| | - Simone Braeuer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Florencia Harari
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Liang X, Guo G, Wang Y, Wang M, Chen X, Zhang J, Li S, Liu L, Huang Q, Cui B, Zhang M, Sun G, Tang N, Zhang X, Zhang Q. Arsenic metabolism, N6AMT1 and AS3MT single nucleotide polymorphisms, and their interaction on gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese pregnant women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115331. [PMID: 36681142 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in N6AMT1 and AS3MT are associated with arsenic (As) metabolism, and efficient As methylation capacity has been associated with diabetes. However, little is known about the gene-As interaction on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the individual and combined effects of N6AMT1 and AS3MT SNPs with As metabolism on GDM. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 385 Chinese pregnant women (86 GDM and 299 Non-GDM). Four SNPs in N6AMT1 (rs1997605 and rs1003671) and AS3MT (rs1046778 and rs11191453) were genotyped. Urinary inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) were determined, and the percentages of As species (iAs%, MMA%, and DMA%) were calculated to assess the efficiency of As metabolism. RESULTS Pregnant women with N6AMT1 rs1997605 AA genotype had lower iAs% (B: 2.11; 95% CI: 4.08, -0.13) and MMA% (B: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.39, -0.04) than pregnant women with GG genotype. The AS3MT rs1046778 and rs11191453 C alleles were negatively associated with iAs% and MMA% but positively associated with DMA%. Higher urinary MMA% was significantly associated with a lower risk of GDM (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.97). The A allele in N6AMT1 rs1997605 (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.79) was associated with a decreased risk of GDM. The additive interactions between N6AMT1 rs1997605 GG genotypes and lower iAs% (AP: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.99) or higher DMA% (AP: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.99) were statistically significant. Similar additive interactions were also found between N6AMT1 rs1003671 GG genotypes and lower iAs% or higher DMA%. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants in N6AMT1 and efficient As metabolism (indicated by lower iAs% and higher DMA%) can interact to influence GDM occurrence synergistically in Chinese pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Guanshuai Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jingran Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin, 300380, China
| | - Liangpo Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Qingyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Guifan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arsenic-related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Naijun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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5
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Speer RM, Zhou X, Volk LB, Liu KJ, Hudson LG. Arsenic and cancer: Evidence and mechanisms. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 96:151-202. [PMID: 36858772 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a potent carcinogen and poses a significant health concern worldwide. Exposure occurs through ingestion of drinking water and contaminated foods and through inhalation due to pollution. Epidemiological evidence shows arsenic induces cancers of the skin, lung, liver, and bladder among other tissues. While studies in animal and cell culture models support arsenic as a carcinogen, the mechanisms of arsenic carcinogenesis are not fully understood. Arsenic carcinogenesis is a complex process due its ability to be metabolized and because of the many cellular pathways it targets in the cell. Arsenic metabolism and the multiple forms of arsenic play distinct roles in its toxicity and contribute differently to carcinogenic endpoints, and thus must be considered. Arsenic generates reactive oxygen species increasing oxidative stress and damaging DNA and other macromolecules. Concurrently, arsenic inhibits DNA repair, modifies epigenetic regulation of gene expression, and targets protein function due its ability to replace zinc in select proteins. While these mechanisms contribute to arsenic carcinogenesis, there remain significant gaps in understanding the complex nature of arsenic cancers. In the future improving models available for arsenic cancer research and the use of arsenic induced human tumors will bridge some of these gaps in understanding arsenic driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Speer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Xixi Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Lindsay B Volk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, State University of New York Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States.
| | - Laurie G Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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Keltie E, Hood KM, Cui Y, Sweeney E, Ilie G, Adisesh A, Dummer T, Bharti V, Kim JS. Arsenic Speciation and Metallomics Profiling of Human Toenails as a Biomarker to Assess Prostate Cancer Cases: Atlantic PATH Cohort Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:818069. [PMID: 35875010 PMCID: PMC9301242 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.818069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic and trace metals has been linked to prostate cancer, and altered arsenic methylation capacity may have an important role in arsenic carcinogenesis. Biomarkers may be able to elucidate this role. Our objectives were to characterize profiles of arsenic species and metallome in toenails and urine samples, compare profiles between prostate cancer cases and controls, and determine the discriminant ability of toenail and urine biomarkers. Toenail samples (n = 576), urine samples (n = 152), and questionnaire data were sourced from the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (PATH) cohort study. Healthy controls were matched to prostate cancer cases (3:1 ratio) on sex, age, smoking status, and the province of residence. Metallome profiles and proportions of arsenic species were measured in toenail and urine samples. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the mean percent monomethylarsonic acid (%MMA), dimethylarsonic acid (%DMA), inorganic arsenic (%iAs), primary methylation index (PMI, MMA/iAs), and secondary methylation index (SMI, DMA/MMA). Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to compare selected metal concentrations. Mean %MMA was significantly lower and SMI was significantly higher in toenails from prostate cancer cases compared to controls in unadjusted and adjusted models. Proportions of arsenic species were correlated with total arsenic in toenails. Arsenic speciation in urine was not different between cases and controls, nor were metallome profiles in toenails and urine. Our results indicate that toenails are a viable biomarker for altered arsenic speciation in prostate cancer cases and may have greater utility than urine in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Keltie
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Health and Environments Research Centre (HERC) Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Kalli M. Hood
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Health and Environments Research Centre (HERC) Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Yunsong Cui
- Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (PATH), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ellen Sweeney
- Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (PATH), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gabriela Ilie
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Anil Adisesh
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Medicine, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Trevor Dummer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Veni Bharti
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Health and Environments Research Centre (HERC) Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jong Sung Kim
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Health and Environments Research Centre (HERC) Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,*Correspondence: Jong Sung Kim
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7
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Association between Arsenic Level, Gene Expression in Asian Population, and In Vitro Carcinogenic Bladder Tumor. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3459855. [PMID: 35039759 PMCID: PMC8760535 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3459855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The IARC classified arsenic (As) as "carcinogenic to humans." Despite the health consequences of arsenic exposure, there is no molecular signature available yet that can predict when exposure may lead to the development of disease. To understand the molecular processes underlying arsenic exposure and the risk of disease development, this study investigated the functional relationship between high arsenic exposure and disease risk using gene expression derived from human exposure. In this study, a three step analysis was employed: (1) the gene expression profiles obtained from two diverse arsenic-exposed Asian populations were utilized to identify differentially expressed genes associated with arsenic exposure in human subjects, (2) the gene expression profiles induced by arsenic exposure in four different myeloma cancer cell lines were used to define common genes and pathways altered by arsenic exposure, and (3) the genetic profiles of two publicly available human bladder cancer studies were used to test the significance of the common association of genes, identified in step 1 and step 2, to develop and validate a predictive model of primary bladder cancer risk associated with arsenic exposure. Our analysis shows that arsenic exposure to humans is mainly associated with organismal injury and abnormalities, immunological disease, inflammatory disease, gastrointestinal disease, and increased rates of a wide variety of cancers. In addition, arsenic exerts its toxicity by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing ROS production causing the imbalance that leads to cell and tissue damage (oxidative stress). Oxidative stress activates inflammatory pathways leading to transformation of a normal cell to tumor cell specifically; there is significant evidence of the advancing changes in oxidative/nitrative stress during the progression of bladder cancer. Therefore, we examined the relation of differentially expressed genes due to exposure of arsenic in human and bladder cancer and developed a bladder cancer risk prediction model. In this study, integrin-linked kinase (ILK) was one of the most significant pathways identified between both arsenic exposed population which plays a key role in eliciting a protective response to oxidative damage in epidermal cells. On the other hand, several studies showed that arsenic trioxide (ATO) is useful for anticancer therapy although the mechanisms underlying its paradoxical effects are still not well understood. ATO has shown remarkable efficacy for the treatment of multiple myeloma; therefore, it will be helpful to understand the underlying cancer biology by which ATO exerts its inhibitory effect on the myeloma cells. Our study found that MAPK is one of the most active network between arsenic gene and ATO cell line which is involved in indicative of oxidative/nitrosative damage and well associated with the development of bladder cancer. The study identified a unique set of 147 genes associated with arsenic exposure and linked to molecular mechanisms of cancer. The risk prediction model shows the highest prediction ability for recurrent bladder tumors based on a very small subset (NKIRAS2, AKTIP, and HLA-DQA1) of the 147 genes resulting in AUC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.744-0.995) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.343-0.933) on training and validation data, respectively.
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8
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Ni G, Tan J, Wang M, Ping N, Liu M, He Y. Polymorphisms of the AS3MT gene are associated with arsenic methylation capacity and damage to the P21 gene in arsenic trioxide plant workers. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:727-736. [PMID: 34730462 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211013321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests that the metabolic profiles of each individual exposed to arsenic (As) are related to the risk of cancer, coronary heart disease, and diabetes. The arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) gene plays a key role in As metabolism. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms in the AS3MT gene may affect both enzyme activity and gene transcription. AS3MT polymorphisms are associated with the proportions of monomethylarsenic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsenic acid (DMA) in urine as well as the incidence of cancer. P21 protein is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Mutations of the P21 gene have been found in cancer patients. In our study, we investigate whether polymorphisms of the AS3MT gene alter As methylation capacity and adversely affect the P21 gene in arsenic trioxide plant workers. The DNA damage was examined by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to analyze the genotype of the AS3MT gene. The results showed that DNA damage in P21 gene fragments was greater in those individuals exposed to high levels of As. There was a strong positive correlation between the DNA damage to P21 gene fragments and the percentage of MMA in urine. However, DNA damage in P21 gene fragments was negatively associated with the percentage of DMA in urine (%uDMA), primary methylation index (PMI), and secondary methylation index. We found that subjects with the rs7085104 GG or GA allele were associated with higher %uDMA and PMI and less DNA damage. The subjects with the rs11191454 GG+GA or GA allele were also associated with higher %uDMA and PMI and less DNA damage. Our results suggest that rs1191454 and rs7085104 in the AS3MT gene affect the As-induced DNA damage by altering individual metabolic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ni
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingwen Tan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Nina Ping
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuefeng He
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Lee CC, Kuo YC, Hu JM, Chang PK, Sun CA, Yang T, Li CW, Chen CY, Lin FH, Hsu CH, Chou YC. MTNR1B polymorphisms with CDKN2A and MGMT methylation status are associated with poor prognosis of colorectal cancer in Taiwan. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:5737-5752. [PMID: 34629798 PMCID: PMC8473598 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i34.5737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying novel colorectal cancer (CRC) prognostic biomarkers is crucial to helping clinicians make appropriate therapy decisions. Melatonin plays a major role in managing the circadian rhythm and exerts oncostatic effects on different kinds of tumours.
AIM To explore the relationship between MTNR1B single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) combined with gene hypermethylation and CRC prognosis.
METHODS A total of 94 CRC tumour tissues were investigated. Genotyping for the four MTNR1B SNPs (rs1387153, rs2166706, rs10830963, and rs1447352) was performed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The relationships between the MTNR1B SNPs and CRC 5-year overall survival (OS) was assessed by calculating hazard ratios with 95%CIs.
RESULTS All SNPs (rs1387153, rs2166706, rs10830963, and rs1447352) were correlated with decreased 5-year OS. In stratified analysis, rs1387153, rs10830963, and rs1447352 risk genotype combined with CDKN2A and MGMT methylation status were associated with 5-year OS. A strong cumulative effect of the four polymorphisms on CRC prognosis was observed. Four haplotypes of MTNR1B SNPs were also associated with the 5-year OS. MTNR1B SNPs combined with CDKN2A and MGMT gene methylation status could be used to predict shorter CRC survival.
CONCLUSION The novel genetic biomarkers combined with epigenetic biomarkers may be predictive tool for CRC prognosis and thus could be used to individualise treatment for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Cheng Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Medical Informatics Office, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Kuo
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ming Hu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Kai Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Tsan Yang
- Department of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Wang Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yang Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Huang Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Hsu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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10
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Das A, Sanyal T, Bhattacharjee P, Bhattacharjee P. Depletion of S-adenosylmethionine pool and promoter hypermethylation of Arsenite methyltransferase in arsenic-induced skin lesion individuals: A case-control study from West Bengal, India. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 198:111184. [PMID: 33894237 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methylation of arsenic compounds in the human body occurs following a series of biochemical reactions in the presence of methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and catalyzed by arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT). However, the extent and pattern of methylation differs among the arsenic exposed individuals leading to differential susceptibility. The mechanism for such inter-individual difference is enigmatic. In the present case-control study we recruited exposed individuals with and without arsenic induced skin lesion (WSL and WOSL), and an unexposed cohort, each having 120 individuals. Using ELISA, we observed a reduction in SAM levels (p < 0.05) in WSL compared to WOSL. Linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between urinary arsenic concentration and SAM concentration between the study groups. qRT-PCR revealed a significant down-regulation (p < 0.01) of key regulatory genes like MTHFR, MTR, MAT2A and MAT2B of SAM biogenesis pathway in WSL cohort. Methylation-specific PCR revealed significant promoter hypermethylation of AS3MT (WSL vs. WOSL: p < 0.01) which resulted in its subsequent transcriptional repression (WSL vs. WOSL: p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis also showed a negative correlation between SAM concentration and percentage of promoter methylation. Taken together, these results indicate that reduction in SAM biogenesis along with a higher utilization of SAM results in a decreased availability of methyl donor. These along with epigenetic down-regulation of AS3MT may be responsible for higher susceptibility in arsenic exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Das
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta and Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta and Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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11
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How to manage patients with suspected upper tract urothelial carcinoma in the pandemic of COVID-19? Urol Oncol 2021; 39:733.e11-733.e16. [PMID: 34332847 PMCID: PMC8318925 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic of COVID-19 has disrupted the clinical pathway for patients with suspected upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). This aims to investigate the optimal management of UTUC during the pandemic by determining 1) Whether a three-month delay of RNU leads to worsened overall survival, 2) Whether radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) can be performed without prior diagnostic ureteroscopy (URS). METHODS Consecutive patients with RNU performed for suspected UTUC in four hospitals in Hong Kong and Taiwan were included. Patients with histologically proven UTUC and with RNU performed within one year were dichotomized into early (≤3 months) and delayed (>3 months) RNU groups. Diagnostic performances of predictive models based on pre-URS factors (gross haematuria, suspicious or malignant urine cytology, and filling defect or contrast-enhancing mass on computed tomography), with or without URS, were analysed using receiver operating characteristics and area under curve (AUC). Overall survival was analysed using Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Between 2000 and 2019, 665 patients underwent RNU, and 491 of them had prior diagnostic URS. The early RNU group had a better overall survival (P = 0.015). Early RNU was associated with a better overall survival upon multivariate analysis (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.03-2.33, P = 0.035). Large tumour size, multi-focal tumour, T2 or above disease, and positive nodal status were associated with a poorer overall survival. A combination of any 2 out of the 3 pre-URS factors achieved a positive predictive value of 99.5 to 100%. Presence of all 3 pre-URS factors achieved an AUC of 0.851 with URS, and AUC of 0.809 without URS. CONCLUSIONS A delay of RNU for over 3 months was associated with poorer overall survival and has to be avoided despite the current COVID-19. We can also consider direct RNU based on clinical factors alone. This also avoids URS hospitalization and expedites the clinical pathway of UTUC.
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12
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Sun M, Tan J, Wang M, Wen W, He Y. Inorganic arsenic-mediated upregulation of AS3MT promotes proliferation of nonsmall cell lung cancer cells by regulating cell cycle genes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:204-212. [PMID: 32930475 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Long-term arsenic exposure can promote cancer through epigenetic mechanisms, and arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) plays an important role in this process. However, the expression patterns and mechanisms of AS3MT in arsenic carcinogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we found that the AS3MT was overexpressed in arsenic exposed population, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues, and A549 cells with sodium arsenite (NaAsO2 ) treatment for 48 hours. Besides, the level of AS3MT expression was positively correlated with the concentrations of urinary total arsenic (tAs), inorganic arsenic (iAs), methanearsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in all subjects. Functional experiments demonstrated that siRNA-mediated knockdown of AS3MT significantly inhibited proliferation of A549 cells. Mechanism investigation revealed that silencing of AS3MT inhibited proliferation by increasing mRNA expression levels of p21 and E2F1, and inhibiting CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, Cyclin A2, Cyclin E1, Cyclin E2, and PCNA mRNA expression. Therefore, arsenic increased AS3MT expression in vivo and in vitro, which could directly act on the cell and affect the progression of NSCLC by regulating cell cycle genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Sun
- School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Jingwen Tan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weihua Wen
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Yuefeng He
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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13
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An update on T-2 toxin and its modified forms: metabolism, immunotoxicity mechanism, and human exposure assessment. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:3645-3669. [PMID: 32910237 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is the most toxic trichothecene mycotoxin, and it exerts potent toxic effects, including immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. Recently, several novel metabolites, including 3',4'-dihydroxy-T-2 toxin and 4',4'-dihydroxy-T-2 toxin, have been uncovered. The enzymes CYP3A4 and carboxylesterase contribute to T-2 toxin metabolism, with 3'-hydroxy-T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin as the corresponding primary products. Modified forms of T-2 toxin, including T-2-3-glucoside, exert their immunotoxic effects by signaling through JAK/STAT but not MAPK. T-2-3-glucoside results from hydrolyzation of the corresponding parent mycotoxin and other metabolites by the intestinal microbiota, which leads to enhanced toxicity. Increasing evidence has shown that autophagy, hypoxia-inducible factors, and exosomes are involved in T-2 toxin-induced immunotoxicity. Autophagy promotes the immunosuppression induced by T-2 toxin, and a complex crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy exists. Very recently, "immune evasion" activity was reported to be associated with this toxin; this activity is initiated inside cells and allows pathogens to escape the host immune response. Moreover, T-2 toxin has the potential to trigger hypoxia in cells, which is related to activation of hypoxia-inducible factor and the release of exosomes, leading to immunotoxicity. Based on the data from a series of human exposure studies, free T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, and HT-2-4-glucuronide should be considered human T-2 toxin biomarkers in the urine. The present review focuses on novel findings related to the metabolism, immunotoxicity, and human exposure assessment of T-2 toxin and its modified forms. In particular, the immunotoxicity mechanisms of T-2 toxin and the toxicity mechanism of its modified form, as well as human T-2 toxin biomarkers, are discussed. This work will contribute to an improved understanding of the immunotoxicity mechanism of T-2 toxin and its modified forms.
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14
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Song Y, Jin D, Chen J, Liang W, Liu X. Effects of Arsenic (+3 Oxidation State) Methyltransferase Gene Polymorphisms and Expression on Bladder Cancer: Evidence from a Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and TCGA Dataset. Toxicol Sci 2020; 177:27-40. [PMID: 32539094 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a recognized environment-related factor for bladder cancer (BCa). Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) gene might influence BCa by regulating iAs metabolism. The aim of the present study was to explore whether AS3MT polymorphisms could affect BCa susceptibility. We systematically reviewed eligible case-control studies about AS3MT polymorphisms and BCa and to further compare the genotype distribution and allele distribution between BCa patients and controls by meta-analysis for humans. Besides, to clarify the effects of AS3MT expression on BCa clinical outcomes and survival time, we also conducted a series of analyses based on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Databases were systematically retrieved and we applied Stata software to perform meta-analysis. The registration of this study protocol is at PROSPERO and ID is CRD42019133947. Five articles were recruited and pooled results demonstrated that rs3740393 and rs11191438 polymorphisms were related to BCa risk in overall population (p < .05) in the overall population. In addition, GG and GC genotypes in rs3740393 and GG genotype in rs11191438 might be the susceptibility genotypes for BCa. Results based on 168 BCa samples from TGCA indicated that patients with higher expression of AS3MT had poor overall survival time and AS3MT expression is an independent indicator for BCa survival. This study identified that AS3MT polymorphisms could affect BCa risk and AS3MT expression was pivotal in prognosis of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donghui Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology and Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wanfeng Liang
- School of Statics and Data Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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15
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Kong C, Yang L, Yu J, Li H, Wei B, Guo Z, Xia Y, Wu K. Changes in urinary arsenic species and methylation capacity in original arsenic exposure cohort after water quality improvement. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:2841-2851. [PMID: 32034620 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water quality improvement is the most efficient way to prevent arsenic exposure. After the cessation of arsenic ingestion, arsenic methylation capacity of the exposed population can change significantly. The factors associated with these changes remain poorly understood. Therefore, arsenic methylation capacity in a study cohort was estimated before and after water quality improvement in the present study. Results indicated that urinary content of the arsenic species in the study cohort significantly decreased after water quality improvement. In addition, the proportions of inorganic arsenic (%iAs) and monomethyl arsenic acid (%MMA) were significantly decreased, while proportions of dimethyl arsenic (%DMA) increased. The primary methylation index (PMI) and secondary methylation index (SMI) increased from 0.85 to 0.92 and 0.82 to 0.84, respectively. Arsenic species urinary content and arsenic methylation index varied slightly between the study cohort after water quality improvement and the control cohort. The rate of increase in PMI was higher than that in SMI. The study group aged 31-50 years had the highest increase in PMI. Logistic regression revealed that %DMA before water quality improvement was negatively associated with the increase in PMI, while %iAs were positively related, and %MMA were positively associated with the increase in SMI. It is concluded that urinary arsenic species content and arsenic methylation capacity increased to the levels of the control cohort after water quality improvement. An increase in primary arsenic methylation capacity may be a burden on the secondary arsenic methylation capacity. The main role of arsenic methylation capacity recovery may be the cessation of arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairong Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou, People's Republic of China
| | - Binggan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiwei Guo
- Inner Mongolia Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Xia
- Inner Mongolia Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Kegong Wu
- Inner Mongolia Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
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16
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González-Martínez F, Sánchez-Rodas D, Varela NM, Sandoval CA, Quiñones LA, Johnson-Restrepo B. As3MT and GST Polymorphisms Influencing Arsenic Metabolism in Human Exposure to Drinking Groundwater. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144832. [PMID: 32650499 PMCID: PMC7402318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The urinary arsenic metabolites may vary among individuals and the genetic factors have been reported to explain part of the variation. We assessed the influence of polymorphic variants of Arsenic-3-methyl-transferase and Glutathione-S-transferase on urinary arsenic metabolites. Twenty-two groundwater wells for human consumption from municipalities of Colombia were analyzed for assessed the exposure by lifetime average daily dose (LADD) (µg/kg bw/day). Surveys on 151 participants aged between 18 and 81 years old were applied to collect demographic information and other factors. In addition, genetic polymorphisms (GSTO2-rs156697, GSTP1-rs1695, As3MT-rs3740400, GSTT1 and GSTM1) were evaluated by real time and/or conventional PCR. Arsenic metabolites: AsIII, AsV, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) were measured using HPLC-HG-AFS. The influence of polymorphic variants, LADD and other factors were tested using multivariate analyses. The median of total arsenic concentration in groundwater was of 33.3 μg/L and the median of LADD for the high exposure dose was 0.33 µg/kg bw/day. Univariate analyses among arsenic metabolites and genetic polymorphisms showed MMA concentrations higher in heterozygous and/or homozygous genotypes of As3MT compared to the wild-type genotype. Besides, DMA concentrations were lower in heterozygous and/or homozygous genotypes of GSTP1 compared to the wild-type genotype. Both DMA and MMA concentrations were higher in GSTM1-null genotypes compared to the active genotype. Multivariate analyses showed statistically significant association among interactions gene-gene and gene-covariates to modify the MMA and DMA excretion. Interactions between polymorphic variants As3MT*GSTM1 and GSTO2*GSTP1 could be potential modifiers of urinary excretion of arsenic and covariates as age, LADD, and alcohol consumption contribute to largely vary the arsenic individual metabolic capacity in exposed people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farith González-Martínez
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group and Public Health Research Group, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia;
- Latin American Network for Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), 28015 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Rodas
- Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, CIQSO, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Nelson M. Varela
- Latin American Network for Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), 28015 Madrid, Spain;
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics (CQF), Department of Basic-Clinical Oncology (DOBC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Christopher A. Sandoval
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics (CQF), Department of Basic-Clinical Oncology (DOBC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Luis A. Quiñones
- Latin American Network for Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), 28015 Madrid, Spain;
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics (CQF), Department of Basic-Clinical Oncology (DOBC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
- Correspondence: (L.A.Q.); (B.J.-R.); Tel.: +56-2-297-707-4144 (L.A.Q.); +57-301-363-5979 (B.J.-R.)
| | - Boris Johnson-Restrepo
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group and Public Health Research Group, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia;
- Correspondence: (L.A.Q.); (B.J.-R.); Tel.: +56-2-297-707-4144 (L.A.Q.); +57-301-363-5979 (B.J.-R.)
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17
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López JF, Fernández MI, Coz LF. Arsenic exposure is associated with significant upper tract urothelial carcinoma health care needs and elevated mortality rates. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:638.e7-638.e13. [PMID: 32088105 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to assess upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) health care needs and specific mortality rates in an arsenic-exposed region in Northern Chile and compare them to those of the rest of the country. MATERIAL AND METHODS Arsenic levels of drinking water were correlated with UTUC hospital discharges and cancer-specific mortality rates. Mortality and hospital admission rate ratios were estimated using a Poisson regression model. RESULTS There were 257 UTUC-specific deaths in Chile between 1990 and 2016; 81 (34%) of them occurred in Antofagasta, where only 3.5% of the population lives. The peak mortality rate observed in Antofagasta was 2.15/100,000 compared to 0.07/100,000 in the rest of the country. Mortality in the exposed region was significantly higher when compared to the rest of the country (MRR 17.6; 95%CI: 13.5-22.9). The same trend was observed for UTUC hospital discharges (RR 14.8; 95%CI: 11.5-19.1). CONCLUSION Even stronger than for bladder cancer, exposure to arsenic is related to a significant need for UTUC health care and high mortality rates, even 25 years after having controlled arsenic levels in drinking-water. Awareness of this ecologic factor in these affected regions is therefore mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario I Fernández
- Department of Urology, Clínica Alemana de Santiago,Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Luis Fernando Coz
- Department of Urology, Hospital Militar de Santiago, Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Wojtczyk-Miaskowska A, Schlichtholz B. Tobacco carcinogens and the methionine metabolism in human bladder cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 782:108281. [PMID: 31843138 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a strong risk factor for bladder cancer. It has been shown that the duration of smoking is associated with a poor prognosis and a higher risk of recurrence. This is due to tobacco carcinogens forming adducts with DNA and proteins that participate in the DNA repair mechanisms. Additionally, polymorphisms of genes responsible for methyl group transfer in the methionine cycle and dosages of vitamins (from diet and supplements) can cause an increased risk of bladder cancer. Upregulated DNA methyltransferase 1 expression and activity results in a high level of methylated products of metabolism, as well as hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes. The development of a market that provides new inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase or alternatives for current smokers is essential not only for patients but also for people who are under the danger of secondhand smoking and can experience its long-term exposure consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wojtczyk-Miaskowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - B Schlichtholz
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
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19
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Lu J, Yu K, Fan S, Liu W, Dong Z, Li J, Wang X, Hai X, Zhou J. Influence of AS3MT polymorphisms on arsenic metabolism and liver injury in APL patients treated with arsenic trioxide. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 379:114687. [PMID: 31330140 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic-induced side effects limit its application in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). We recently demonstrated that AS3MT 14215 (rs3740390) genotypes were associated with urinary arsenic metabolites and hematological and biochemical values. To further decipher the role of AS3MT genotypes on arsenic metabolism and toxicity, AS3MT 27215 (rs11191446), 35587 (rs11191453), 35991 (rs10748835), and their interactive effects were examined in fifty APL patients treated with arsenic trioxide (As2O3) for the first time. Urinary arsenic metabolites and methylation capacity indexes were evaluated by the percentage of inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonate (MMA), dimethylarsinate (DMA), primary methylation index (PMI, MMA/iAs), secondary methylation index (SMI, DMA/MMA), and total methylation index (TMI, [MMA+DMA]/iAs). Results showed 27215 (rs11191446) genotypes had no statistical significance in arsenic metabolism, as only 5 (10%) patients were the non-wild-type genotypes. 35587 (rs11191453) genotypes were significantly associated with MMA%, DMA%, and SMI. 35991 (rs10748835) genotypes were significantly associated with iAs%, DMA%, PMI, TMI, and the level of ALT and AST. Patients with both 35587 (rs11191453) TT and 35991 (rs10748835) AG+GG genotypes were significantly associated with DMA% and SMI. In addition, patients with both 35991 (rs10748835) AA and 35587 (rs11191453) TC+CC genotypes had the highest DMA%, SMI, and TMI, but the lowest iAs%, ALT and AST level, indicating that additive effects exist on arsenic metabolism and liver function. Our data promotes the realization that AS3MT 35587 (rs11191453), 35991 (rs10748835), especially their joint genotypes 35991 (rs10748835) AA / 35587 (rs11191453) TC+CC, is a novel predictive biomarker for the therapeutic efficacy of As2O3 in the treatment of APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Kaijiang Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shengjin Fan
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zengxiang Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin Hai
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China.
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20
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Wei S, Zhang H, Tao S. A review of arsenic exposure and lung cancer. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:319-327. [PMID: 31160966 PMCID: PMC6505385 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00298c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As a well-established human carcinogen, arsenic has increased the risk of lung cancer over the past decades. Wide exposure to arsenic in the environment has attracted the attention of scientists. Its carcinogenicity at early life stages has been observed in certain animal studies already, yet current evidence is insufficient to extrapolate this to humans. Although the mechanisms of lung cancer induced by arsenic remain unclear, most of them are related to the biotransformation of arsenic, which would further provide target sites for precaution and therapy. This review comprehensively summarizes current studies associated to arsenic exposure and lung cancer and the mechanism of its carcinogenesis in lung cancer in three sections, namely, epidemiological studies, experimental studies, and mechanistic studies. In addition, prevention and treatment strategies as well as directions for future studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Wei
- School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China . ; ; Tel: +86-512-65698540
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China . ; ; Tel: +86-512-65698540
| | - Shasha Tao
- School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China . ; ; Tel: +86-512-65698540
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease , School of Public Health , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , PR China
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21
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Tsuji JS, Chang ET, Gentry PR, Clewell HJ, Boffetta P, Cohen SM. Dose-response for assessing the cancer risk of inorganic arsenic in drinking water: the scientific basis for use of a threshold approach. Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 49:36-84. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1573804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen T. Chang
- Exponent, Inc., Menlo Park, CA and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel M. Cohen
- Havlik-Wall Professor of Oncology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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22
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Hsiao CH, Yao CJ, Lai GM, Lee LM, Whang-Peng J, Shih PH. Honokiol induces apoptotic cell death by oxidative burst and mitochondrial hyperpolarization of bladder cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4213-4222. [PMID: 30988795 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumor worldwide. Current treatments, including chemo-/radiotherapy, only have limited efficacy on bladder cancer progression. Honokiol is an active component of Magnolia officinalis with multiple biological effects that may provide promising health benefits. In the present study, the anti-cancer properties of honokiol against bladder cancer cells were investigated by flow cytometric analysis. The results revealed that honokiol exhibited significant anti-proliferative effects on bladder cancer cell lines, particularly on BFTC-905 human transitional cell carcinoma cells. Furthermore, honokiol at low doses (≤25 µM) induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, while it induced significant apoptotic cell death at high doses (≥50 µM; P<0.05). Furthermore, a significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species was identified in honokiol-treated cells. In addition, honokiol induced hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, which may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, caspase-3/7 activation was identified in high-dose honokiol-treated bladder cancer cells. These results suggest that honokiol induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and honokiol-containing traditional herbal remedies may have a potential clinical application in the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hao Hsiao
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei 11031, Taiwan R.O.C.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei 11031, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chih-Jung Yao
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan R.O.C.,Center of Excellence for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Gi-Ming Lai
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan R.O.C.,Center of Excellence for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Liang-Ming Lee
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei 11031, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Jacqueline Whang-Peng
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan R.O.C.,Center of Excellence for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ping-Hsiao Shih
- Center for Cell Therapy, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan R.O.C
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