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Zhou Y, Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Yang J, Wang K, Liu X, Qu W, Zhang L, Gu X. Salidroside Inhibits α-Amanitin-Induced AML-12 Cell Apoptosis via the Regulation of PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy and Mitochondrial Function. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:1053-1061. [PMID: 38847154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Poisoning caused by the mushroom Amanita phalloides, due to the toxin α-amanitin, accounts for approximately 90% of food poisoning deaths in China with no specific antidotes. To investigate the role of salidroside (Sal) in α-amanitin (α-AMA)-induced mitophagy, mouse liver cells AML-12 were exposed to α-AMA in the presence of Sal or not. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured using a ROS detection kit, mitochondrial activity was evaluated using a mitochondrial red fluorescent probe kit or JC-1 dye, and protein expression levels of PINK1, Parkin, LC3 II, P62, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, Cleaved-Caspase 3, PARP I, and Cleaved-PARP I were detected through Western blot. Results demonstrated that α-AMA led to increased intracellular ROS levels, cell apoptosis, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Notably, expression levels of mitophagy-related proteins PINK1, Parkin, and LC3 increased significantly while the P62 protein expression decreased remarkably. Furthermore, Sal reversed the α-AMA-induced decrease in cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in intracellular ROS level. In addition, Sal promoted expression levels of PINK1, Parkin, and LC3 II while suppressing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Cleaved-Caspase 3, and Cleaved-PARP I as well as P62. The results above proved that salidroside alleviates α-AMA-induced mouse liver cells damage via promoting PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and reducing cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Juyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Jieyan Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Qu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Gu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Jin Hei Road No. 95, Panlong District, Kunming 650051, P. R. China
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Gong M, Li Z, Xu H, Ma B, Gao P, Wang L, Li J, Wu Q, Wu J, Xie J. Amanitin-induced variable cytotoxicity in various cell lines is mediated by the different expression levels of OATP1B3. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114665. [PMID: 38641045 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Amanita phalloides is one of the deadliest mushrooms worldwide, causing most fatal cases of mushroom poisoning. Among the poisonous substances of Amanita phalloides, amanitins are the most lethal toxins to humans. Currently, there are no specific antidotes available for managing amanitin poisoning and treatments are lack of efficacy. Amanitin mainly causes severe injuries to specific organs, such as the liver, stomach, and kidney, whereas the lung, heart, and brain are hardly affected. However, the molecular mechanism of this phenomenon remains not understood. To explore the possible mechanism of organ specificity of amanitin-induced toxicity, eight human cell lines derived from different organs were exposed to α, β, and γ-amanitin at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 100 μM. We found that the cytotoxicity of amanitin differs greatly in various cell lines, among which liver-derived HepG2, stomach-derived BGC-823, and kidney-derived HEK-293 cells are most sensitive. Further mechanistic study revealed that the variable cytotoxicity is mainly dependent on the different expression levels of the organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3), which facilitates the internalization of amanitin into cells. Besides, knockdown of OATP1B3 in HepG2 cells prevented α-amanitin-induced cytotoxicity. These results indicated that OATP1B3 may be a crucial therapeutic target against amanitin-induced organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiang Gong
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Pengxia Gao
- Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Junkai Li
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Qinglai Wu
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Jianwei Xie
- Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Tian R, Sun J, Ye Y, Lu X, Wang W, Sun X. Ultrasensitive Aptasensor for α-Amatoxin Detection Based on the DNA Tetrahedral Nanostructure Triggering Rolling Circle Amplification and Signal Amplification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10046-10054. [PMID: 38648503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Poisonous mushrooms containing α-amatoxin can be lethal, making it imperative to develop a rapid and sensitive detection method for α-amatoxin. Utilizing the DNA tetrahedral structure as its foundation, the aptamer allows controlled density and orientation. Consequently, we designed aptamer tetrahedral functionalized magnetic beads that specifically target α-amanitin to release complementary DNA (C-DNA) strands. These strands were then employed as primers to initiate rolling circle amplification (RCA) with fluorescent dyes. The combination of SYBR Green I detection probes facilitated the amplification of the detection signal, enhancing the detection sensitivity of the aptasensor. The calculated detection limit was determined to be 3 ng/mL, a magnitude lower than that of other aptasensors by 2 orders of magnitude. The aptasensor integrates the advantages of high sensitivity and specificity, offering a simple and reliable rapid detection method for α-amanitin analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Tian
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Yongli Ye
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Xin Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Weiya Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
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Gao J, Peng Z, Song Y, Zhang J, Han Q. Colorimetric assay for α-amanitin based on inhibition of carbon dots/AuNPs nanoenzyme activity. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1390-1398. [PMID: 38353054 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02065g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Accidental ingestion of poisonous mushrooms leading to poisoning is a global issue. The most important and lethal toxin causing mushroom poisoning is α-amanitin, with a lethal dose of about 0.1 mg kg-1. Rapid detection of wild mushrooms before consumption or rapid identification of toxins after poisoning can effectively reduce the occurrence of fatalities. This study established a method for detecting α-amanitin using carbon dots/AuNPs nanoenzymes (D-Glu-CDs/AuNPs) with robust peroxidase-like activity. This nanoenzyme was prepared employing glucose carbon dots and sodium citrate as reducing and stabilizing agents, respectively. It could oxidize the substrate TMB (tetramethylbenzidine) to produce blue o-TMB. When α-amanitin specifically bound to the active site of the nanoenzyme, a resultant decrease was observed in catalytic activity and the absorbance value at 652 nm. The regression equation Y = -0.06083x + 0.9643, with an R2 value of 0.996, was obtained. The limit of detection was determined to be 48.03 ng mL-1, and the recoveries in urine ranged from 91.2% to 97.6%. This method enabled the visualization of α-amanitin, and the whole detection process was completed within 20 min. The approach holds promise for the quantitative and qualitative determination of α-amanitin in urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Gao
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Zhongmei Peng
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yuzhu Song
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jinyang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Qinqin Han
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
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Zheng C, Lv S, Ye J, Zou L, Zhu K, Li H, Dong Y, Li L. Metabolomic Insights into the Mechanisms of Ganoderic Acid: Protection against α-Amanitin-Induced Liver Injury. Metabolites 2023; 13:1164. [PMID: 37999259 PMCID: PMC10672867 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Amanitin is a representative toxin found in the Amanita genus of mushrooms, and the consumption of mushrooms containing α-Amanitin can lead to severe liver damage. In this study, we conduct toxicological experiments to validate the protective effects of Ganoderic acid A against α-amanitin-induced liver damage. By establishing animal models with different durations of Ganoderic acid A treatment and conducting a metabolomic analysis of the serum samples, we further confirmed the differences in serum metabolites between the AMA+GA and AMA groups. The analysis of differential serum metabolites after the Ganoderic acid A intervention suggests that Ganoderic acid A may intervene in α-amanitin-induced liver damage by participating in the regulation of retinol metabolism, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, sphingosine biosynthesis, spermidine and spermine biosynthesis, and branched-chain amino acid metabolism. This provides initial insights into the protective intervention mechanisms of GA against α-amanitin-induced liver damage and offers new avenues for the development of therapeutic drugs for α-Amanitin poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zheng
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China; (C.Z.)
| | - Shaofang Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jianfang Ye
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China; (C.Z.)
| | - Lu Zou
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China; (C.Z.)
| | - Kai Zhu
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China; (C.Z.)
| | - Haichang Li
- Guiyang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Yongxi Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lei Li
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China; (C.Z.)
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Xu Y, Wang S, Leung CK, Chen H, Wang C, Zhang H, Zhang S, Tan Y, Wang H, Miao L, Li Y, Huang Y, Zhang X, Yang G, Zhang R, Zeng X. α-amanitin induces autophagy through AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway in hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett 2023:S0378-4274(23)00204-7. [PMID: 37329965 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Amanitin poisoning is one of the most life-threatening mushroom poisonings. α-Amanitin plays a key role in Amanita phalloides intoxication. α-Amanitin shows toxic effects on the liver. However, the mechanism by which α-amanitin induces liver injury has not been elucidated. Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and is closely related to the occurrence of a variety of diseases. Studies have shown that autophagy may play an important role in the process of α-amanitin-induced liver injury. However, the mechanism of α-amanitin-induced autophagy remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore the mechanisms of α-amanitin in inducing hepatotoxicity in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and the normal human liver cell line L02 cells. The SD rats and L02 cells exposed to α-amanitin were observed to determine whether α-amanitin could induce the autophagy of rat liver and L02 cells. The regulatory relationship between autophagy and the AMPK-mTOR- ULK pathway by exposing the autophagy agonist (rapamycin (RAPA)), autophagy inhibitor (3-methylademine (3-MA)), and AMPK inhibitor (compound C) was also explored. Autophagy-related proteins and AMPK-mTOR-ULK pathway-related proteins were detected using Western blot. The results of the study indicated that exposure to different concentrations of α-amanitin led to morphological changes in liver cells and significantly elevated levels of ALT and AST in the serum of SD rats. Additionally, the expression levels of LC3-II, Beclin-1, ATG5, ATG7, AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR, p-mTOR, and ULK1 were significantly increased in the rat liver. And we found that L02 cells exposed to 0.5μM α-amanitin for 6h significantly induced autophagy and activated the AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathway. Pretreated with RAPA, 3-MA, and compound C for 1h, the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins and AMPK-mTOR-ULK pathway-related proteins significantly changed. Our results indicates that autophagy and the AMPK-mTOR-ULK pathway are involved in the process of α-amanitin-induced liver injury. This study may foster the identification of actionable therapeutic targets for A. phalloides intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shangwen Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chi-Kwan Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chan Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Miao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yizhen Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoxing Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Genmeng Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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Meng H, Chen Z, Chen L, Tang W, He F, Yan X, Lin X, Se X, Xie M, Li Z, Lu L, Yu X. An outbreak of Amanita exitialis poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2023; 61:270-275. [PMID: 36919497 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2022.2159830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mushroom Amanita exitialis is reported to cause acute liver injury. It is found in Southern China, and has been previously associated with a high incidence of mortality. METHODS We described a series of 10 patients with Amanita exitialis poisoning admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) in April 2022. Patient demographics, clinical features, laboratory results, therapeutic interventions, and outcome data were collected. RESULTS Among the 10 patients, 9 survived, while 1 died. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the first to appear (average latency period, 11 ± 4.2 h). Diarrhea was the most common clinical symptom (average duration, 4.4 days). Abdominal distention was an important sign, especially in severely-ill patients. Thrombocytopenia occurred on day 2 after mushroom ingestion and persisted for 3-4 days. Alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin peaked on days 2-3. CONCLUSION Amanita exitialis poisoning is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and liver injury. In the patient who died, acute hepatic failure led to hepatic encephalopathy and cerebral edema. Abdominal distension accompanied by thrombocytopenia was common in critically ill patients in this outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - ZhaoYin Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - LanChun Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - WeiXin Tang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - XianRang Yan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - XiaoHong Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - XiaoLong Se
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - MingFei Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - ZhanHan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - LiJuan Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuetao Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) (Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
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Ge J, Xu WJ, Chen HF, Dong ZH, Liu W, Nian FZ, Liu J. Induction mechanism of cigarette smoke components (CSCs) on dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:117. [DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of cigarette smoke component (CSC) exposure on serum lipid levels in rats and the underlying molecular mechanism.
Methods
Male SPF-grade SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and a CSC exposure group, with the CSC group being exposed to CSC for 6 weeks. RT–PCR and Western blotting methods were used to detect lipid metabolism gene expression in rats, and 16S RNA gene sequencing was used to detect the gut microbiota in the rat cecum. Rat serum exosomes were prepared and identified, and the interaction of exosomal miR-291a-3p and miR-126a-5p with AMPK and CYP7A1 was detected by a dual luciferase reporter gene assay (DLRG).
Results
Serum indicators, including cholesterol levels and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) content, were significantly affected in the CSC exposure group compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of adenylate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and HMG-CoA reductase (HMG-CoAR) genes were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the liver, while the expression level of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) was markedly decreased (P < 0.01). 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the gut microbiota in the rat cecum showed that the abundance of Firmicutes in the CSC group increased significantly at the phylum level, while the abundances of Bacteroidota and Spirochaetota were reduced significantly (P < 0.01). The relative abundance of Romboutsia, Turicibacter, and Clostridium sensu stricto increased significantly (P < 0.01), and the relative abundance of Prevotella, Muribaculaceae_norank, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Roseburia, Treponema, and Ruminococcus significantly decreased (P < 0.01) at the genus level. In addition, the exosome miR-291a-3p and miR-126a-5p levels were markedly regulated by CSC exposure (P < 0.01). The interactions of miR-291a-3p and miR-126a-5p with AMPK and CYP7A1 mRNA were also validated by the DLRG method.
Conclusions
In summary, the rat dyslipidemia induced by CSC exposure may be related to the interference of gut microbiota structure and interaction of miRNAs from serum exosomes with target mRNAs, which further regulated AMPK-ACC/CYP7A1 signaling in rats.
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Liang Y, Zhou A, Bever CS, Cheng LW, Yoon JY. Smartphone-based paper microfluidic competitive immunoassay for the detection of α-amanitin from mushrooms. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:322. [PMID: 35932340 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05407-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
α-Amanitin is often considered the most poisonous mushroom toxin produced by various mushroom species, which are hard to identify from edible, non-toxic mushrooms. Conventional detection methods require expensive and bulky equipment or fail to meet high analytical sensitivity. We developed a smartphone-based fluorescence microscope platform to detect α-amanitin from dry mushroom tissues. Antibody-nanoparticle conjugates were captured by immobilized antigen-hapten conjugates while competing with the free analytes in the sample. Captured fluorescent nanoparticles were excited at 460 nm and imaged at 500 nm. The pixel numbers of such nanoparticles in the test zone were counted, showing a decreasing trend with increasing analyte concentration. The detection method exhibited a low detection limit (1 pg/mL), high specificity, and selectivity, allowing us to utilize a simple rinsing for toxin extraction and avoiding the need for high-speed centrifugation. In addition, this assay's short response time and portable features enable field detection of α-amanitin from amanitin-producing mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Avory Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Candace S Bever
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Luisa W Cheng
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Jeong-Yeol Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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10
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Lin LY, Tong YL, Lu YQ. The characteristics of liver injury induced by Amanita and clinical value of α-amanitin detection. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022; 21:257-266. [PMID: 35168873 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amanita poisoning as a foodborne disease has raised concerning mortality issues. Reducing the interval between mushroom ingestion and medical intervention could greatly influence the outcomes of Amanita poisoning patients, while treatment is highly dependent on a confirmed diagnosis. To this end, we developed an early detection-guided intervention strategy by optimizing diagnostic process with performing α-amanitin detection, and further explored whether this strategy influenced the progression of Amanita poisoning. METHODS This study was a retrospective analysis of 25 Amanita poisoning patients. Thirteen patients in the detection group were diagnosed mainly based on α-amanitin detection, and 12 patients were diagnosed essentially on the basis of mushroom consumption history, typical clinical patterns and mushroom identification (conventional group). Amanita poisoning patients received uniform therapy, in which plasmapheresis was executed once confirming the diagnosis of Amanita poisoning. We compared the demographic baseline, clinical and laboratory data, treatment and outcomes between the two groups, and further explored the predictive value of α-amanitin concentration in serum. RESULTS Liver injury induced by Amanita appeared worst at the fourth day and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) rose higher than aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The mortality rate was 7.7% (1/13) in the detection group and 50.0% (6/12) in the conventional group (P = 0.030), since patients in the detection group arrived hospital much earlier and received plasmapheresis at the early stage of disease. The early detection-guided intervention helped alleviate liver impairment caused by Amanita and decreased the peak AST as well as ALT. However, the predictive value of α-amanitin concentration in serum was still considered limited. CONCLUSIONS In the management of mushroom poisoning, consideration should be given to the rapid detection of α-amanitin in suspected Amanita poisoning patients and the immediate initiation of medical treatment upon a positive toxin screening result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; The Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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11
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Li G, Zhao CY, Wu Q, Guan SY, Jin HW, Na XL, Zhang YB. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and glucose metabolism disorder through oxidative stress in rat liver. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112988. [PMID: 34808505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a ubiquitous pollutant that results in hepatotoxicity. However, an understanding of the systematic mechanism of hepatic injury caused by DEHP remains limited. Here, we performed a comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses to describe hepatic responses of rats to long-term DEHP exposure and, together with pathology and functional injury of liver, systematically analyzed the pathogenesis and mechanisms of liver damage. SD rats were exposed to 0 and 600 mg/kg/day DEHP for 12 weeks. Thereafter, biochemical indicators and histopathological changes regarding liver function were detected. Metabolomics and transcriptomics profiles of rat liver samples were analyzed using a UPLC-MS/MS system and Illumina Hiseq 4000, respectively. DEHP induced hepatocyte structural alterations and edema, depressed monooxygenase activity, decreased antioxidant activities, aggravated oxidative damage, blocked the tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain, and disturbed glucose homeostasis in the liver. These findings indicate that reactive oxygen species play a major role in these events. Overall, this study systematically depicts the comprehensive mechanisms of long-term DEHP exposure to liver injury and highlights the power of metabolomics and transcriptomics platforms in the mechanistic understanding of xenobiotic hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhao
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Si-Yuan Guan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hong-Wei Jin
- Guangming District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518106, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Na
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Yun-Bo Zhang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Park R, Choi WG, Lee MS, Cho YY, Lee JY, Kang HC, Sohn CH, Song IS, Lee HS. Pharmacokinetics of α-amanitin in mice using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry and in vitro drug-drug interaction potentials. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:821-835. [PMID: 34187333 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1944942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine pharmacokinetics of α-amanitin, a toxic bicyclic octapeptide isolated from the poisonous mushrooms, following intravenous (iv) or oral (po) administration in mice using a newly developed and validated liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. The iv injected α-amanitin disappeared rapidly from the plasma with high a clearance rate (26.9-30.4 ml/min/kg) at 0.1, 0.2, or 0.4 mg/kg doses, which was consistent with a rapid and a major excretion of α-amanitin via the renal route (32.6%). After the po administration of α-amanitin at doses of 2, 5, or 10 mg/kg to mice, the absolute bioavailability of α-amanitin was 3.5-4.8%. Due to this low bioavailability, 72.5% of the po administered α-amanitin was recovered from the feces. When α-amanitin is administered po, the tissue to plasma area under the curve ratio was higher in stomach > large intestine > small intestine > lung ~ kidneys > liver but not detected in brain, heart, and spleen. The high distribution of α-amanitin to intestine, kidneys, and liver is in agreement with the previously reported major intoxicated organs following acute α-amanitin exposure. In addition, α-amanitin weakly or negligibly inhibited cytochrome P450 and 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes activity in human liver microsomes as well as major drug transport functions in mammalian cells overexpressing transporters. Data suggested remote drug interaction potential may be associated with α-amanitin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Park
- College of Pharmacy and BK21 Four-sponsored Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gu Choi
- College of Pharmacy and BK21 Four-sponsored Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and BK21 Four-sponsored Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy and BK21 Four-sponsored Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and BK21 Four-sponsored Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- College of Pharmacy and BK21 Four-sponsored Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwan Sohn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Im-Sook Song
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- College of Pharmacy and BK21 Four-sponsored Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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Fatty acids promote the expansion of NK-92 cells in vitro by improving energy metabolism. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4285-4295. [PMID: 33990857 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11313-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer-92 cells (NK-92 cells) need to be efficiently expanded by serum-free culture in vitro to meet clinical requirements. Fatty acids mainly provide substrates for energy production, which is of crucial importance to meet the energy demands of highly proliferating cells. This study optimized the medium (EM) for NK-92 cells by designing an experiment to expand cells efficiently. EM, an in-house designed chemically defined serum-free medium, was used as the basal medium. Fatty acids as additive ingredients were screened and optimized by the experimental design method. Three additives, arachidonic acid, myristic acid and palmitoleic acid, were screened; therefore, the optimized medium was named EM-FA. The total cell expansion of NK-92 cells in EM-FA was 72.61±11.95-fold on day 8, which was significantly higher than the 28.55±8.67-fold expansion in EM. To explore the mechanism by which fatty acids promote NK-92 cell expansion, the cell growth kinetics and metabolic characteristics in EM-FA were analyzed. The results showed that NK-92 cells in EM-FA were rapidly expanded while maintaining their cell phenotype and cytotoxicity and enhancing the oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial function. Fatty acids promoted ATP production to elevate the energy flux for better cell expansion. This study developed an expansion strategy of NK-92 cells in vitro to facilitate their clinical application. KEY POINTS: • Arachidonic acid, myristic acid and palmitoleic acid in serum-free medium were optimized by experimental design to enable the rapid expansion of NK-92 cells in vitro. • Fatty acids upregulated oxidative phosphorylation levels and improved the energy metabolism of NK-92 cells.
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